Consistency between parent report and direct assessment of development in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder and other delays: Does sex assigned at birth matter? / Stephen JAMES in Autism Research, 16-6 (June 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-6 (June 2023) . - p.1174-1184 Titre : Consistency between parent report and direct assessment of development in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder and other delays: Does sex assigned at birth matter? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Stephen JAMES, Auteur ; Shreyas HALLUR, Auteur ; Joshua ANBAR, Auteur ; Nicole L. MATTHEWS, Auteur ; Karen PIERCE, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1174-1184 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  direct assessment  parent report  sex  toddlers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract The current study examined differences between parent report and diagnostician direct assessment of receptive language, expressive language, and fine motor abilities in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other delays. Additionally, this study examined whether parent-diagnostician consistency varied by child diagnosis and sex assigned at birth (SAB). Initial mixed analysis of variances (ANOVAs) were conducted using data from a sample of 646 toddlers to examine whether parent-diagnostician consistency differed by child diagnosis. Matched samples (using child age, SAB, and nonverbal IQ) were then created within each diagnostic group and mixed ANOVAs were conducted to examine if consistency was similar in matched diagnostic subsamples and whether it differed by SAB. Findings from the full sample mostly replicated previous research that has documented consistency between parent report and direct observation regardless of child diagnosis. However, when examined in matched diagnostic subgroups, more nuanced patterns were observed. Parent report of receptive language was lower in ASD and ASD features subgroups and parent report of fine motor skills was lower than direct observation in the ASD, ASD features, and developmental delay groups. When examining the moderating effect of SAB, only expressive language was impacted for children in the ASD group. Results indicate the importance of considering child demographic characteristics and that child SAB may impact parent report and/or diagnostician perception of expressive language. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2927 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=507 [article] Consistency between parent report and direct assessment of development in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder and other delays: Does sex assigned at birth matter? [texte imprimé] / Stephen JAMES, Auteur ; Shreyas HALLUR, Auteur ; Joshua ANBAR, Auteur ; Nicole L. MATTHEWS, Auteur ; Karen PIERCE, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur . - p.1174-1184. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 16-6 (June 2023) . - p.1174-1184 Mots-clés : autism  direct assessment  parent report  sex  toddlers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract The current study examined differences between parent report and diagnostician direct assessment of receptive language, expressive language, and fine motor abilities in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other delays. Additionally, this study examined whether parent-diagnostician consistency varied by child diagnosis and sex assigned at birth (SAB). Initial mixed analysis of variances (ANOVAs) were conducted using data from a sample of 646 toddlers to examine whether parent-diagnostician consistency differed by child diagnosis. Matched samples (using child age, SAB, and nonverbal IQ) were then created within each diagnostic group and mixed ANOVAs were conducted to examine if consistency was similar in matched diagnostic subsamples and whether it differed by SAB. Findings from the full sample mostly replicated previous research that has documented consistency between parent report and direct observation regardless of child diagnosis. However, when examined in matched diagnostic subgroups, more nuanced patterns were observed. Parent report of receptive language was lower in ASD and ASD features subgroups and parent report of fine motor skills was lower than direct observation in the ASD, ASD features, and developmental delay groups. When examining the moderating effect of SAB, only expressive language was impacted for children in the ASD group. Results indicate the importance of considering child demographic characteristics and that child SAB may impact parent report and/or diagnostician perception of expressive language. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2927 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=507

Examination of Clinical and Assessment Type Differences Between Toddlers with ASD from Multiplex and Simplex Families / Joshua ANBAR in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-6 (June 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-6 (June 2024) . - p.2170-2182 Titre : Examination of Clinical and Assessment Type Differences Between Toddlers with ASD from Multiplex and Simplex Families Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Joshua ANBAR, Auteur ; Nicole L. MATTHEWS, Auteur ; Stephen JAMES, Auteur ; Afzal ARIFF, Auteur ; Karen PIERCE, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2170-2182 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Few studies have examined differences in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) phenotype between children from multiplex and simplex families at the time of diagnosis. The present study used an age- and gender-matched, community-based sample (n = 105) from the southwestern United States to examine differences in ASD symptom severity, cognitive development, and adaptive functioning. No significant differences between children from multiplex and simplex families were observed. Exploratory analysis revealed that parents underreported receptive and expressive language and fine motor skills compared to professional observation, especially among children from multiplex families. These findings suggest that diagnosticians may need to consider family structure when choosing and interpreting assessments of receptive language, expressive language, and fine motor skills. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05890-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=530 [article] Examination of Clinical and Assessment Type Differences Between Toddlers with ASD from Multiplex and Simplex Families [texte imprimé] / Joshua ANBAR, Auteur ; Nicole L. MATTHEWS, Auteur ; Stephen JAMES, Auteur ; Afzal ARIFF, Auteur ; Karen PIERCE, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur . - p.2170-2182. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-6 (June 2024) . - p.2170-2182 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Few studies have examined differences in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) phenotype between children from multiplex and simplex families at the time of diagnosis. The present study used an age- and gender-matched, community-based sample (n = 105) from the southwestern United States to examine differences in ASD symptom severity, cognitive development, and adaptive functioning. No significant differences between children from multiplex and simplex families were observed. Exploratory analysis revealed that parents underreported receptive and expressive language and fine motor skills compared to professional observation, especially among children from multiplex families. These findings suggest that diagnosticians may need to consider family structure when choosing and interpreting assessments of receptive language, expressive language, and fine motor skills. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05890-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=530

Pupillary Response and Phenotype in ASD: Latency to Constriction Discriminates ASD from Typically Developing Adolescents / Georgina T.F. LYNCH in Autism Research, 11-2 (February 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-2 (February 2018) . - p.364-375 Titre : Pupillary Response and Phenotype in ASD: Latency to Constriction Discriminates ASD from Typically Developing Adolescents Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Georgina T.F. LYNCH, Auteur ; Stephen JAMES, Auteur ; Mark VANDAM, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p.364-375 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Brain imaging data describe differences in the ASD brain, including amygdala overgrowth, neural interconnectivity, and a three‐phase model of neuroanatomical changes from early post‐natal development through late adolescence. The pupil reflex test (PRT), a noninvasive measure of brain function, may help improve early diagnosis and elucidate underlying physiology in expression of ASD endophenotype. Commonly observed characteristics of ASD include normal visual acuity but difficulty with eye gaze and photosensitivity, suggesting deficient neuromodulation of cranial nerves. Aims of this study were to confirm sensitivity of the PRT for identifying adolescents with ASD, determine if a phenotype for a subtype of ASD marked by pupil response is present in adolescence, and determine whether differences could be observed on a neurologic exam testing cranial nerves II and III (CNII; CNIII). Using pupillometry, constriction latency was measured serving as a proxy for recording neuromodulation of cranial nerves underlying the pupillary reflex. The swinging flashlight method, used to perform the PRT for measuring constriction latency and return to baseline, discriminated ASD participants from typically developing adolescents on 72.2% of trials. Results further confirmed this measure's sensitivity within a subtype of ASD in later stages of development, serving as a correlate of neural activity within the locus–coeruleus norepinephrine (LC–NE) system. A brainstem model of atypical PRT in ASD is examined in relation to modulation of cranial nerves and atypical arousal levels subserving the atypical pupillary reflex. Autism Res 2018, 11: 364–375. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Milder forms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be difficult to diagnose based on behavioral testing alone. This study used eye‐tracking equipment and a hand‐held penlight to measure the pupil reflex in adolescents with “high functioning” ASD and in adolescents without ASD. The ASD group showed a delay in pupil response. This is the first eye‐tracking study to conduct this test as typically performed by a clinical provider, demonstrating differences in older individuals with a subtype of ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1888 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334 [article] Pupillary Response and Phenotype in ASD: Latency to Constriction Discriminates ASD from Typically Developing Adolescents [texte imprimé] / Georgina T.F. LYNCH, Auteur ; Stephen JAMES, Auteur ; Mark VANDAM, Auteur . - 2018 . - p.364-375. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-2 (February 2018) . - p.364-375 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Brain imaging data describe differences in the ASD brain, including amygdala overgrowth, neural interconnectivity, and a three‐phase model of neuroanatomical changes from early post‐natal development through late adolescence. The pupil reflex test (PRT), a noninvasive measure of brain function, may help improve early diagnosis and elucidate underlying physiology in expression of ASD endophenotype. Commonly observed characteristics of ASD include normal visual acuity but difficulty with eye gaze and photosensitivity, suggesting deficient neuromodulation of cranial nerves. Aims of this study were to confirm sensitivity of the PRT for identifying adolescents with ASD, determine if a phenotype for a subtype of ASD marked by pupil response is present in adolescence, and determine whether differences could be observed on a neurologic exam testing cranial nerves II and III (CNII; CNIII). Using pupillometry, constriction latency was measured serving as a proxy for recording neuromodulation of cranial nerves underlying the pupillary reflex. The swinging flashlight method, used to perform the PRT for measuring constriction latency and return to baseline, discriminated ASD participants from typically developing adolescents on 72.2% of trials. Results further confirmed this measure's sensitivity within a subtype of ASD in later stages of development, serving as a correlate of neural activity within the locus–coeruleus norepinephrine (LC–NE) system. A brainstem model of atypical PRT in ASD is examined in relation to modulation of cranial nerves and atypical arousal levels subserving the atypical pupillary reflex. Autism Res 2018, 11: 364–375. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Milder forms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be difficult to diagnose based on behavioral testing alone. This study used eye‐tracking equipment and a hand‐held penlight to measure the pupil reflex in adolescents with “high functioning” ASD and in adolescents without ASD. The ASD group showed a delay in pupil response. This is the first eye‐tracking study to conduct this test as typically performed by a clinical provider, demonstrating differences in older individuals with a subtype of ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1888 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334

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