Hypothalamic volume is associated with dysregulated sleep in autistic and non-autistic young children / Burt HATCH in Autism, 29-11 (November 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 29-11 (November 2025) . - p.2885-2897 Titre : Hypothalamic volume is associated with dysregulated sleep in autistic and non-autistic young children Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Burt HATCH, Auteur ; Derek S. ANDREWS, Auteur ; Brett D. DUFOUR, Auteur ; Shayan M. ALAVYNEJAD, Auteur ; Joshua K. LEE, Auteur ; Sally J. ROGERS, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; Meghan MILLER, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2885-2897 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  externalizing  hypothalamus  internalizing  MRI  sleep Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep is common among autistic individuals and co-occurs with internalizing and externalizing symptoms. This study tested associations between subcortical regions implicated in sleep processes and measures of dysregulated sleep initiation/maintenance in autistic and non-autistic 2- to 4-year-olds. The role of co-occurring externalizing and internalizing symptoms in these associations was also evaluated. Participants included 203 autistic (131 males, 72 females) and 92 non-autistic (49 males, 43 females) 2- to 4-year-olds who completed magnetic resonance imaging. A subscale of items from the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire, previously shown to be reliable across both autistic and non-autistic children, was used to measure dysregulated sleep initiation/maintenance. Externalizing and internalizing symptoms were evaluated using the Child Behavior Checklist–Preschool. Associations between volumes for nine subcortical structures known to be implicated in sleep were separately modeled. Mediation analyses explored whether such associations could be accounted for by externalizing or internalizing symptoms. Smaller right hypothalamus volume was associated with dysregulated sleep initiation/maintenance in both autistic and non-autistic children. Externalizing (but not internalizing) problems partially mediated this association. Findings implicate the right hypothalamus in sleep initiation and maintenance issues for both autistic and non-autistic young children, supporting prior evidence of its central role in sleep regulation.Lay Abstract Difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep is common among autistic individuals and often goes alongside difficulties regulating emotions and behavior during the day. Although there is a body of research suggesting that subcortical brain regions, including a brain region known as the hypothalamus, play important roles regulating sleep, few studies have examined whether this extends to young autistic children. Using data from a sample of 203 autistic (131 males, 72 females) and 92 non-autistic (49 males, 43 females) 2- to 4-year-olds, we examined whether size of subcortical brain regions implicated in sleep processes is associated with difficulties initiating and/or maintaining sleep. In addition, we examined whether daytime behaviors and emotions were also implicated in these associations. We found that smaller right hypothalamus volume was associated with dysregulated sleep initiation/maintenance in both autistic and non-autistic children. This relationship remained evident even after accounting for externalizing behaviors and emotions like anger that were also associated with both the hypothalamus and dysregulated sleep initiation/maintenance. The strength of association between right hypothalamus volumes and dysregulated sleep initiation/maintenance was similar for autistic and non-autistic children. These findings suggest that for both young autistic and non-autistic children, the hypothalamus plays unique roles in regulating both sleep and externalizing behaviors. For managing sleep initiation and maintenance difficulties in clinical practice, the findings underscore the importance of considering environmental (e.g. not having a regular bedtime routine) and neurobiological factors, for both autistic and non-autistic young children. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251352249 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=570 [article] Hypothalamic volume is associated with dysregulated sleep in autistic and non-autistic young children [texte imprimé] / Burt HATCH, Auteur ; Derek S. ANDREWS, Auteur ; Brett D. DUFOUR, Auteur ; Shayan M. ALAVYNEJAD, Auteur ; Joshua K. LEE, Auteur ; Sally J. ROGERS, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; Meghan MILLER, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur . - p.2885-2897. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 29-11 (November 2025) . - p.2885-2897 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  externalizing  hypothalamus  internalizing  MRI  sleep Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep is common among autistic individuals and co-occurs with internalizing and externalizing symptoms. This study tested associations between subcortical regions implicated in sleep processes and measures of dysregulated sleep initiation/maintenance in autistic and non-autistic 2- to 4-year-olds. The role of co-occurring externalizing and internalizing symptoms in these associations was also evaluated. Participants included 203 autistic (131 males, 72 females) and 92 non-autistic (49 males, 43 females) 2- to 4-year-olds who completed magnetic resonance imaging. A subscale of items from the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire, previously shown to be reliable across both autistic and non-autistic children, was used to measure dysregulated sleep initiation/maintenance. Externalizing and internalizing symptoms were evaluated using the Child Behavior Checklist–Preschool. Associations between volumes for nine subcortical structures known to be implicated in sleep were separately modeled. Mediation analyses explored whether such associations could be accounted for by externalizing or internalizing symptoms. Smaller right hypothalamus volume was associated with dysregulated sleep initiation/maintenance in both autistic and non-autistic children. Externalizing (but not internalizing) problems partially mediated this association. Findings implicate the right hypothalamus in sleep initiation and maintenance issues for both autistic and non-autistic young children, supporting prior evidence of its central role in sleep regulation.Lay Abstract Difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep is common among autistic individuals and often goes alongside difficulties regulating emotions and behavior during the day. Although there is a body of research suggesting that subcortical brain regions, including a brain region known as the hypothalamus, play important roles regulating sleep, few studies have examined whether this extends to young autistic children. Using data from a sample of 203 autistic (131 males, 72 females) and 92 non-autistic (49 males, 43 females) 2- to 4-year-olds, we examined whether size of subcortical brain regions implicated in sleep processes is associated with difficulties initiating and/or maintaining sleep. In addition, we examined whether daytime behaviors and emotions were also implicated in these associations. We found that smaller right hypothalamus volume was associated with dysregulated sleep initiation/maintenance in both autistic and non-autistic children. This relationship remained evident even after accounting for externalizing behaviors and emotions like anger that were also associated with both the hypothalamus and dysregulated sleep initiation/maintenance. The strength of association between right hypothalamus volumes and dysregulated sleep initiation/maintenance was similar for autistic and non-autistic children. These findings suggest that for both young autistic and non-autistic children, the hypothalamus plays unique roles in regulating both sleep and externalizing behaviors. For managing sleep initiation and maintenance difficulties in clinical practice, the findings underscore the importance of considering environmental (e.g. not having a regular bedtime routine) and neurobiological factors, for both autistic and non-autistic young children. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251352249 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=570

A longitudinal evaluation of gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder / Bibiana RESTREPO in Autism, 29-11 (November 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 29-11 (November 2025) . - p.2832-2845 Titre : A longitudinal evaluation of gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bibiana RESTREPO, Auteur ; Sandra L. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Matthew DOMINIC PONZINI, Auteur ; Kathleen ANGKUSTSIRI, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; Sally J. ROGERS, Auteur ; Paul ASHWOOD, Auteur ; Daphne S SAY, Auteur ; Sonny CACERES, Auteur ; Shayan M. ALAVYNEJAD, Auteur ; Brianna HEATH, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2832-2845 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : chronic GI  GI dysfunction  GI issues  GI symptoms  impaired behavior  longitudinal  medical problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Gastrointestinal symptoms are frequently reported in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. This study sought to determine the longitudinal trajectory of gastrointestinal symptoms without a medical etiology in children with autism compared to similar aged participants with typical development. A total of 475 children enrolled in this longitudinal study (322 autism spectrum disorder and 153 typical development groups) were evaluated at up to three time points between 2 and 12 years of age. Nine common gastrointestinal symptoms and formal medical gastrointestinal diagnosis were assessed using a physician-administered parent interview. A rigorous symptom classification was performed by physicians via clinical consensus. The frequency and persistence of gastrointestinal symptoms across childhood were compared between groups. Associations between gastrointestinal symptoms and measures of internalizing and externalizing behaviors, sleep problems, sensory problems, restricted and repetitive behaviors, and social communication were also evaluated. Children with autism presented with more gastrointestinal symptoms at each time point, and they were also more likely to experience multiple and persistent gastrointestinal symptoms. The presence and number of gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with greater impairment in internalizing behaviors, sleep, communication, sensory processing, and repetitive behaviors. Participants in the autism spectrum disorder group reported more gastrointestinal symptoms without known etiology throughout childhood in this longitudinal well-characterized sample.Lay Abstract Children with autism have been found to experience more medical issues including gastrointestinal symptoms. In this study, participants in the autism group were more likely to experience gastrointestinal symptoms than their typically developing peers. They were also more likely to experience multiple gastrointestinal symptoms at the same time and more likely to have persistent gastrointestinal symptoms throughout their childhood. Increased gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with more challenges with sleep, communication, sensory processing, and repetitive behaviors. Clinicians and parents should become more aware of the high occurrence of gastrointestinal problems in children with autism. If identified, these symptoms are often treatable which may improve their well-being. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251362349 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=570 [article] A longitudinal evaluation of gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Bibiana RESTREPO, Auteur ; Sandra L. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Matthew DOMINIC PONZINI, Auteur ; Kathleen ANGKUSTSIRI, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; Sally J. ROGERS, Auteur ; Paul ASHWOOD, Auteur ; Daphne S SAY, Auteur ; Sonny CACERES, Auteur ; Shayan M. ALAVYNEJAD, Auteur ; Brianna HEATH, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur . - p.2832-2845. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 29-11 (November 2025) . - p.2832-2845 Mots-clés : chronic GI  GI dysfunction  GI issues  GI symptoms  impaired behavior  longitudinal  medical problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Gastrointestinal symptoms are frequently reported in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. This study sought to determine the longitudinal trajectory of gastrointestinal symptoms without a medical etiology in children with autism compared to similar aged participants with typical development. A total of 475 children enrolled in this longitudinal study (322 autism spectrum disorder and 153 typical development groups) were evaluated at up to three time points between 2 and 12 years of age. Nine common gastrointestinal symptoms and formal medical gastrointestinal diagnosis were assessed using a physician-administered parent interview. A rigorous symptom classification was performed by physicians via clinical consensus. The frequency and persistence of gastrointestinal symptoms across childhood were compared between groups. Associations between gastrointestinal symptoms and measures of internalizing and externalizing behaviors, sleep problems, sensory problems, restricted and repetitive behaviors, and social communication were also evaluated. Children with autism presented with more gastrointestinal symptoms at each time point, and they were also more likely to experience multiple and persistent gastrointestinal symptoms. The presence and number of gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with greater impairment in internalizing behaviors, sleep, communication, sensory processing, and repetitive behaviors. Participants in the autism spectrum disorder group reported more gastrointestinal symptoms without known etiology throughout childhood in this longitudinal well-characterized sample.Lay Abstract Children with autism have been found to experience more medical issues including gastrointestinal symptoms. In this study, participants in the autism group were more likely to experience gastrointestinal symptoms than their typically developing peers. They were also more likely to experience multiple gastrointestinal symptoms at the same time and more likely to have persistent gastrointestinal symptoms throughout their childhood. Increased gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with more challenges with sleep, communication, sensory processing, and repetitive behaviors. Clinicians and parents should become more aware of the high occurrence of gastrointestinal problems in children with autism. If identified, these symptoms are often treatable which may improve their well-being. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251362349 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=570

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