Psychostimulant treatment uniquely reduces left uncinate fasciculus microstructural integrity in ADHD youth with a familial risk for bipolar I disorder: a 12-week DTI study / Kun QIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 67-5 (May 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 67-5 (May 2026) . - p.696-706 Titre : Psychostimulant treatment uniquely reduces left uncinate fasciculus microstructural integrity in ADHD youth with a familial risk for bipolar I disorder: a 12-week DTI study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kun QIN, Auteur ; Wen CHEN, Auteur ; Du LEI, Auteur ; Ziyu ZHU, Auteur ; Maxwell J. TALLMAN, Auteur ; Nanfang PAN, Auteur ; Lisha ZHANG, Auteur ; Luis RODRIGO PATINO, Auteur ; John A. SWEENEY, Auteur ; Melissa P. DELBELLO, Auteur ; Robert K. MCNAMARA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.696-706 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  bipolar I disorder  familial risk  stimulants  adolescent Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Bipolar I disorder (BD) is associated with reduced white matter microstructural integrity in the uncinate fasciculus (UF), a primary fiber tract connecting frontolimbic systems. Although familial history for BD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and psychostimulants are important risk factors implicated in BD pathoetiology, their impact on UF microstructure remains poorly understood. Methods This diffusion tensor imaging study investigated UF microstructural integrity prior to and following 12?weeks of psychostimulant treatment in ADHD youth with (?high-risk?, HR) and without (?low-risk?, LR) a first-degree relative with BD. Healthy controls were included for comparative purposes. LR youth received 12-week open-label mixed amphetamine salts-extended release (MAS-XR), and HR youth were randomized to either MAS-XR or placebo (PLA). Bilateral UF fractional anisotropy (FA) and axial diffusivity (AD) were assessed using automated fiber quantification. Results A total of 137 participants were included in the analyses. At baseline, there were no significant group differences in bilateral UF microstructural metrics. Following 12-week MAS-XR treatment, significant group-by-time interactions were found for left UF FA and AD between HR-MAS and LR-MAS, as well as for left UF FA between HR-MAS and HR-PLA. Specifically, left UF FA and UF AD decreased significantly in HR-MAS but remained unchanged in LR-MAS and HR-PLA groups. At week 12, left UF FA was lower in HR-MAS relative to HC but not in LR-MAS or HR-PLA. Segment-wise analyses further revealed that UF microstructural changes in the HR-MAS group were localized to the anterior segments. Conclusions These results suggest that HR-ADHD youth are uniquely vulnerable to reductions in left UF microstructural integrity following psychostimulant treatment, suggesting potential relevance to BD pathoprogression. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70053 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=586 [article] Psychostimulant treatment uniquely reduces left uncinate fasciculus microstructural integrity in ADHD youth with a familial risk for bipolar I disorder: a 12-week DTI study [texte imprimé] / Kun QIN, Auteur ; Wen CHEN, Auteur ; Du LEI, Auteur ; Ziyu ZHU, Auteur ; Maxwell J. TALLMAN, Auteur ; Nanfang PAN, Auteur ; Lisha ZHANG, Auteur ; Luis RODRIGO PATINO, Auteur ; John A. SWEENEY, Auteur ; Melissa P. DELBELLO, Auteur ; Robert K. MCNAMARA, Auteur . - p.696-706. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 67-5 (May 2026) . - p.696-706 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  bipolar I disorder  familial risk  stimulants  adolescent Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Bipolar I disorder (BD) is associated with reduced white matter microstructural integrity in the uncinate fasciculus (UF), a primary fiber tract connecting frontolimbic systems. Although familial history for BD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and psychostimulants are important risk factors implicated in BD pathoetiology, their impact on UF microstructure remains poorly understood. Methods This diffusion tensor imaging study investigated UF microstructural integrity prior to and following 12?weeks of psychostimulant treatment in ADHD youth with (?high-risk?, HR) and without (?low-risk?, LR) a first-degree relative with BD. Healthy controls were included for comparative purposes. LR youth received 12-week open-label mixed amphetamine salts-extended release (MAS-XR), and HR youth were randomized to either MAS-XR or placebo (PLA). Bilateral UF fractional anisotropy (FA) and axial diffusivity (AD) were assessed using automated fiber quantification. Results A total of 137 participants were included in the analyses. At baseline, there were no significant group differences in bilateral UF microstructural metrics. Following 12-week MAS-XR treatment, significant group-by-time interactions were found for left UF FA and AD between HR-MAS and LR-MAS, as well as for left UF FA between HR-MAS and HR-PLA. Specifically, left UF FA and UF AD decreased significantly in HR-MAS but remained unchanged in LR-MAS and HR-PLA groups. At week 12, left UF FA was lower in HR-MAS relative to HC but not in LR-MAS or HR-PLA. Segment-wise analyses further revealed that UF microstructural changes in the HR-MAS group were localized to the anterior segments. Conclusions These results suggest that HR-ADHD youth are uniquely vulnerable to reductions in left UF microstructural integrity following psychostimulant treatment, suggesting potential relevance to BD pathoprogression. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70053 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=586

Regional cerebellar structural deficits distinguish psychostimulant-free ADHD youth with and without familial risk for bipolar I disorder: a cross-sectional morphometric analysis / Biqiu TANG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 67-5 (May 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 67-5 (May 2026) . - p.766-776 Titre : Regional cerebellar structural deficits distinguish psychostimulant-free ADHD youth with and without familial risk for bipolar I disorder: a cross-sectional morphometric analysis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Biqiu TANG, Auteur ; L. Rodrigo PATINO, Auteur ; Wenjing ZHANG, Auteur ; Su LUI, Auteur ; Melissa P. DELBELLO, Auteur ; Robert K. MCNAMARA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.766-776 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Bipolar disorder  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  familial risk  adolescence  cerebellum Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with familial risk for bipolar I disorder (BD) may represent a more severe illness conferring greater risk for developing BD, associated neurostructural substrates remain poorly understood. This study examined cerebellum structural alterations, which prior studies suggested may be associated with BD risk. Methods We enrolled 151 youth (ages 10?18?years) in three groups: psychostimulant-free ADHD youth with a biological parent or sibling with BD (high-risk, n?=?52, mean age 13.8?±?2.6?years), psychostimulant-free ADHD youth without any first- or second-degree relative with mood or psychotic disorders (low-risk, n?=?50, mean age 14.1?±?2.5?years), and healthy controls (HC, n?=?49, mean age 14.6?±?2.4?years). ADHD youth were stimulant-naïve or had no psychostimulant exposure within 3?months prior to enrollment. Region-of-interest (ROI) analyses were conducted on the whole cerebellum and 28 lobules to quantify cerebellar volumes using the SUIT toolbox, and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analyses were also performed. Exploratory analyses evaluated associations between regional cerebellar volumes and symptom measures. Results Significant group differences in volume were observed for the whole cerebellum, bilateral lobules VIIIa, right VIIb, and left X. Post hoc comparisons showed that the high-risk group exhibited volume deficits in the whole cerebellum, bilateral lobules VIIIa, and right VIIb, compared with HC and low-risk groups, whereas both high-risk and low-risk groups exhibited left X volume deficits compared to HC. Similar results were obtained using VBM. Among all ADHD youth, significant inverse correlations were observed between significant ROI volumes and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) total score and several subscales, including the dysregulation profile. Conclusions Psychostimulant-free ADHD youth with BD familial risk exhibit whole and regional cerebellar volume deficits compared with those without such risk and healthy youth. Inverse associations between regional cerebellar volumes and CBCL total and subscale scores among ADHD youth suggest clinical relevance and may represent a potential BD risk biomarker. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70072 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=586 [article] Regional cerebellar structural deficits distinguish psychostimulant-free ADHD youth with and without familial risk for bipolar I disorder: a cross-sectional morphometric analysis [texte imprimé] / Biqiu TANG, Auteur ; L. Rodrigo PATINO, Auteur ; Wenjing ZHANG, Auteur ; Su LUI, Auteur ; Melissa P. DELBELLO, Auteur ; Robert K. MCNAMARA, Auteur . - p.766-776. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 67-5 (May 2026) . - p.766-776 Mots-clés : Bipolar disorder  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  familial risk  adolescence  cerebellum Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with familial risk for bipolar I disorder (BD) may represent a more severe illness conferring greater risk for developing BD, associated neurostructural substrates remain poorly understood. This study examined cerebellum structural alterations, which prior studies suggested may be associated with BD risk. Methods We enrolled 151 youth (ages 10?18?years) in three groups: psychostimulant-free ADHD youth with a biological parent or sibling with BD (high-risk, n?=?52, mean age 13.8?±?2.6?years), psychostimulant-free ADHD youth without any first- or second-degree relative with mood or psychotic disorders (low-risk, n?=?50, mean age 14.1?±?2.5?years), and healthy controls (HC, n?=?49, mean age 14.6?±?2.4?years). ADHD youth were stimulant-naïve or had no psychostimulant exposure within 3?months prior to enrollment. Region-of-interest (ROI) analyses were conducted on the whole cerebellum and 28 lobules to quantify cerebellar volumes using the SUIT toolbox, and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analyses were also performed. Exploratory analyses evaluated associations between regional cerebellar volumes and symptom measures. Results Significant group differences in volume were observed for the whole cerebellum, bilateral lobules VIIIa, right VIIb, and left X. Post hoc comparisons showed that the high-risk group exhibited volume deficits in the whole cerebellum, bilateral lobules VIIIa, and right VIIb, compared with HC and low-risk groups, whereas both high-risk and low-risk groups exhibited left X volume deficits compared to HC. Similar results were obtained using VBM. Among all ADHD youth, significant inverse correlations were observed between significant ROI volumes and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) total score and several subscales, including the dysregulation profile. Conclusions Psychostimulant-free ADHD youth with BD familial risk exhibit whole and regional cerebellar volume deficits compared with those without such risk and healthy youth. Inverse associations between regional cerebellar volumes and CBCL total and subscale scores among ADHD youth suggest clinical relevance and may represent a potential BD risk biomarker. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70072 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=586

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