Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety symptoms in autistic individuals and individuals with intellectual disability: A systematic review and meta-analysis / Shengyi SHAO in Research in Autism, 138 (October 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism > 138 (October 2026) . - p.203008 Titre : Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety symptoms in autistic individuals and individuals with intellectual disability: A systematic review and meta-analysis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Shengyi SHAO, Auteur ; Deshen HAN, Auteur ; Jun WANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.203008 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cognitive behavioral therapy  Autism spectrum disorder  Intellectual disability  Anxiety  Systematic review  Meta-analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Purpose Findings on the efficacy of adapted cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety in autistic individuals and individuals with intellectual disability (ID) remain inconsistent. This study systematically reviewed and quantified the effects of adapted CBT on anxiety symptoms in these populations. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases were searched from inception to December 9, 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing adapted CBT with control conditions were included. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2.0. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework. One prespecified anxiety measure per study was selected via a predefined hierarchy. Hedges' g was pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Results Twenty-three RCTs (1115 participants) were included. In autistic individuals, adapted CBT significantly reduced post-treatment anxiety (19 studies; g = −0.83, 95% CI −1.16 to −0.50, p < 0.00001; I² = 80%), whereas the follow-up estimate remained uncertain because the confidence interval included the null. In individuals with ID, CBT showed a small post-treatment benefit (4 studies; g = −0.32, 95% CI −0.62 to −0.01, p = 0.04; I² = 23%), but this finding was sensitive to sample composition. Egger's test suggested possible small-study effects in the post-treatment analysis for autistic individuals. The certainty of evidence was rated very low for the post-treatment and follow-up effects in autistic individuals and low for the post-treatment effect in individuals with ID. Conclusions Available evidence suggests that adapted CBT may reduce anxiety symptoms at post-treatment in autistic individuals; however, confidence in this estimate is limited by very low certainty of evidence, substantial heterogeneity, and possible small-study effects. Evidence for sustained benefit remains uncertain. CBT may also benefit individuals with ID, but the evidence base is small and of low certainty. Further high-quality trials with standardized follow-up assessments are needed to establish the durability and generalizability of these effects. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reia.2026.203008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=594 [article] Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety symptoms in autistic individuals and individuals with intellectual disability: A systematic review and meta-analysis [texte imprimé] / Shengyi SHAO, Auteur ; Deshen HAN, Auteur ; Jun WANG, Auteur . - p.203008. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism > 138 (October 2026) . - p.203008 Mots-clés : Cognitive behavioral therapy  Autism spectrum disorder  Intellectual disability  Anxiety  Systematic review  Meta-analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Purpose Findings on the efficacy of adapted cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety in autistic individuals and individuals with intellectual disability (ID) remain inconsistent. This study systematically reviewed and quantified the effects of adapted CBT on anxiety symptoms in these populations. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases were searched from inception to December 9, 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing adapted CBT with control conditions were included. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2.0. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework. One prespecified anxiety measure per study was selected via a predefined hierarchy. Hedges' g was pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Results Twenty-three RCTs (1115 participants) were included. In autistic individuals, adapted CBT significantly reduced post-treatment anxiety (19 studies; g = −0.83, 95% CI −1.16 to −0.50, p < 0.00001; I² = 80%), whereas the follow-up estimate remained uncertain because the confidence interval included the null. In individuals with ID, CBT showed a small post-treatment benefit (4 studies; g = −0.32, 95% CI −0.62 to −0.01, p = 0.04; I² = 23%), but this finding was sensitive to sample composition. Egger's test suggested possible small-study effects in the post-treatment analysis for autistic individuals. The certainty of evidence was rated very low for the post-treatment and follow-up effects in autistic individuals and low for the post-treatment effect in individuals with ID. Conclusions Available evidence suggests that adapted CBT may reduce anxiety symptoms at post-treatment in autistic individuals; however, confidence in this estimate is limited by very low certainty of evidence, substantial heterogeneity, and possible small-study effects. Evidence for sustained benefit remains uncertain. CBT may also benefit individuals with ID, but the evidence base is small and of low certainty. Further high-quality trials with standardized follow-up assessments are needed to establish the durability and generalizability of these effects. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reia.2026.203008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=594

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