Child and context characteristics in trajectories of physical and relational victimization among early elementary school children / Gerald F. GIESBRECHT in Development and Psychopathology, 23-1 (January 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 23-1 (January 2011) . - p.239-252 Titre : Child and context characteristics in trajectories of physical and relational victimization among early elementary school children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur ; Bonnie J. LEADBEATER, Auteur ; Stuart W.S. MACDONALD, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.239-252 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Transactional models suggest that peer victimization results from both individual and context differences, and understanding these differences may point to important targets for prevention and interventions that reduce victimization. Multilevel modeling was used to examine within-person (aggression and emotional dysregulation), between-person (sex and age), and between-school (participation in a victimization prevention program) factors that influence changes in physical and relational victimization over the first three years of elementary school. Children (n = 423) reported their experiences of peer victimization at entry into Grade 1 and at the end of Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3. On average, trajectories of both physical and relational victimization declined. However, for individual children, teacher-rated aggression was associated with increases in physical and relational victimization, while emotional dysregulation was associated with attenuation of longitudinal declines in physical victimization and increases in relational victimization. Individual differences in sex and age at entry into Grade 1 did not significantly influence victimization trajectories over Grades 1 to 3. Children who participated in the WITS® victimization prevention program showed significant declines in physical and relational victimization. Levels of victimization among nonparticipants remained stable. Implications of child and context characteristics for preventing peer victimization in elementary school are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579410000763 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=117 [article] Child and context characteristics in trajectories of physical and relational victimization among early elementary school children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur ; Bonnie J. LEADBEATER, Auteur ; Stuart W.S. MACDONALD, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.239-252. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 23-1 (January 2011) . - p.239-252 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Transactional models suggest that peer victimization results from both individual and context differences, and understanding these differences may point to important targets for prevention and interventions that reduce victimization. Multilevel modeling was used to examine within-person (aggression and emotional dysregulation), between-person (sex and age), and between-school (participation in a victimization prevention program) factors that influence changes in physical and relational victimization over the first three years of elementary school. Children (n = 423) reported their experiences of peer victimization at entry into Grade 1 and at the end of Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3. On average, trajectories of both physical and relational victimization declined. However, for individual children, teacher-rated aggression was associated with increases in physical and relational victimization, while emotional dysregulation was associated with attenuation of longitudinal declines in physical victimization and increases in relational victimization. Individual differences in sex and age at entry into Grade 1 did not significantly influence victimization trajectories over Grades 1 to 3. Children who participated in the WITS® victimization prevention program showed significant declines in physical and relational victimization. Levels of victimization among nonparticipants remained stable. Implications of child and context characteristics for preventing peer victimization in elementary school are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579410000763 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=117

Latent class trajectories of infant temperament and associations with problem behavior at two years of age / Gerald F. GIESBRECHT in Development and Psychopathology, 34-1 (February 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 34-1 (February 2022) . - p.69-84 Titre : Latent class trajectories of infant temperament and associations with problem behavior at two years of age Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur ; Nicole LETOURNEAU, Auteur ; Deborah DEWEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.69-84 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Alberta pregnancy outcomes and nutrition study  developmental trajectories  infant temperament  internalizing and externalizing behavior  latent class growth modeling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individual differences in temperament have been well-described, but individual differences in temperament trajectories require elaboration. Specifically, it is unknown if subgroups of infants display different developmental patterns and if these patterns relate to later behavioral problems. The aims were to identify distinct developmental patterns in broad dimensions of temperament among typically developing infants, to determine whether these developmental patterns differ by sex, to evaluate how developmental patterns within each dimension of temperament relate to developmental patterns within other dimensions of temperament, and to determine whether developmental patterns of infant temperament are associated with internalizing and externalizing behavior at 2 years of age. Data from the longitudinal Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition study (n = 1,819) were used to model latent class trajectories of parent-reported infant temperament at 3, 6, and 12 months. Four to five unique latent trajectories were identified within each temperament dimension. Sex was not associated with trajectory groups. Developmental coordination was observed between trajectories of negative emotionality and regulatory capacity, and between regulatory capacity and positive affect, but not between positive affect and negative emotionality. Negative emotionality and regulatory capacity predicted internalizing and externalizing behavior. Patterns of development in infant temperament, and not just intensity of temperament, contribute toward later problem behavior. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420000991 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=474 [article] Latent class trajectories of infant temperament and associations with problem behavior at two years of age [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur ; Nicole LETOURNEAU, Auteur ; Deborah DEWEY, Auteur . - p.69-84. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 34-1 (February 2022) . - p.69-84 Mots-clés : Alberta pregnancy outcomes and nutrition study  developmental trajectories  infant temperament  internalizing and externalizing behavior  latent class growth modeling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individual differences in temperament have been well-described, but individual differences in temperament trajectories require elaboration. Specifically, it is unknown if subgroups of infants display different developmental patterns and if these patterns relate to later behavioral problems. The aims were to identify distinct developmental patterns in broad dimensions of temperament among typically developing infants, to determine whether these developmental patterns differ by sex, to evaluate how developmental patterns within each dimension of temperament relate to developmental patterns within other dimensions of temperament, and to determine whether developmental patterns of infant temperament are associated with internalizing and externalizing behavior at 2 years of age. Data from the longitudinal Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition study (n = 1,819) were used to model latent class trajectories of parent-reported infant temperament at 3, 6, and 12 months. Four to five unique latent trajectories were identified within each temperament dimension. Sex was not associated with trajectory groups. Developmental coordination was observed between trajectories of negative emotionality and regulatory capacity, and between regulatory capacity and positive affect, but not between positive affect and negative emotionality. Negative emotionality and regulatory capacity predicted internalizing and externalizing behavior. Patterns of development in infant temperament, and not just intensity of temperament, contribute toward later problem behavior. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420000991 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=474

Sexually dimorphic and interactive effects of prenatal maternal cortisol and psychological distress on infant cortisol reactivity / Gerald F. GIESBRECHT in Development and Psychopathology, 29-3 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 29-3 (August 2017) . - p.805-818 Titre : Sexually dimorphic and interactive effects of prenatal maternal cortisol and psychological distress on infant cortisol reactivity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur ; Nicole LETOURNEAU, Auteur ; Tavis S. CAMPBELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.805-818 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract In utero exposure to maternal psychological distress is a risk factor for developmental psychopathology, and these effects are believed to partially occur via dysregulation of the maternal and fetal hypothalamus–adrenal–pituitary axes. Nevertheless, only a few human studies have directly assessed the effects of prenatal cortisol exposure on infant cortisol reactivity, and none have investigated sex differences or potential interactions between prenatal cortisol and psychological distress. Here we report on a prospective longitudinal investigation (N = 236) of in utero exposure to maternal cortisol and distress in a relatively high socioeconomic status and low-risk population to determine whether these exposures interact in their effects on infant (M age = 3.0 months, range = 2.3–5.0 months, 51.9% male) cortisol reactivity and whether there are sex differences in these effects. Results revealed both sexually dimorphic and interactive effects of prenatal cortisol and distress, even after controlling for postnatal distress. In general, blunted reactivity in females was associated with exposure to high maternal distress and flattened patterns of diurnal maternal cortisol, whereas blunted reactivity in males was associated with exposure to steeper morning increases and daytime decreases in maternal cortisol. The findings suggest that sex differences in the effects of prenatal cortisol and distress on infant cortisol reactivity are a plausible mechanism by which maternal experiences during pregnancy contribute to sex differences in the development of psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579416000493 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311 [article] Sexually dimorphic and interactive effects of prenatal maternal cortisol and psychological distress on infant cortisol reactivity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur ; Nicole LETOURNEAU, Auteur ; Tavis S. CAMPBELL, Auteur . - p.805-818. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 29-3 (August 2017) . - p.805-818 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract In utero exposure to maternal psychological distress is a risk factor for developmental psychopathology, and these effects are believed to partially occur via dysregulation of the maternal and fetal hypothalamus–adrenal–pituitary axes. Nevertheless, only a few human studies have directly assessed the effects of prenatal cortisol exposure on infant cortisol reactivity, and none have investigated sex differences or potential interactions between prenatal cortisol and psychological distress. Here we report on a prospective longitudinal investigation (N = 236) of in utero exposure to maternal cortisol and distress in a relatively high socioeconomic status and low-risk population to determine whether these exposures interact in their effects on infant (M age = 3.0 months, range = 2.3–5.0 months, 51.9% male) cortisol reactivity and whether there are sex differences in these effects. Results revealed both sexually dimorphic and interactive effects of prenatal cortisol and distress, even after controlling for postnatal distress. In general, blunted reactivity in females was associated with exposure to high maternal distress and flattened patterns of diurnal maternal cortisol, whereas blunted reactivity in males was associated with exposure to steeper morning increases and daytime decreases in maternal cortisol. The findings suggest that sex differences in the effects of prenatal cortisol and distress on infant cortisol reactivity are a plausible mechanism by which maternal experiences during pregnancy contribute to sex differences in the development of psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579416000493 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311

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