ADHD- and medication-related brain activation effects in concordantly affected parent–child dyads with ADHD / Jeffery N. EPSTEIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.899–913 Titre : ADHD- and medication-related brain activation effects in concordantly affected parent–child dyads with ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jeffery N. EPSTEIN, Auteur ; Lisa A. KOTLER, Auteur ; Alan VITOLO, Auteur ; Keith M. SHAFRITZ, Auteur ; Gary GLOVER, Auteur ; Amy GARRETT, Auteur ; Julie A. SPICER, Auteur ; Matthew C. DAVIDSON, Auteur ; B.J. CASEY, Auteur ; Allan L. REISS, Auteur ; Stephen P. HINSHAW, Auteur ; Laurence L. GREENHILL, Auteur ; Simon T. TONEV, Auteur ; Matthew A. JARRETT, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.899–913 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD adolescence adulthood brain-imaging development fMRI methylphenidate neuropsychology children parents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Several studies have documented fronto-striatal dysfunction in children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using response inhibition tasks. Our objective was to examine functional brain abnormalities among youths and adults with ADHD and to examine the relations between these neurobiological abnormalities and response to stimulant medication. Method: A group of concordantly diagnosed ADHD parent–child dyads was compared to a matched sample of normal parent–child dyads. In addition, ADHD dyads were administered double-blind methylphenidate and placebo in a counterbalanced fashion over two consecutive days of testing. Frontostriatal function was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during performance of a go/no-go task. Results: Youths and adults with ADHD showed attenuated activity in fronto-striatal regions. In addition, adults with ADHD appeared to activate non-fronto-striatal regions more than normals. A stimulant medication trial showed that among youths, stimulant medication increased activation in fronto-striatal and cerebellar regions. In adults with ADHD, increases in activation were observed in the striatum and cerebellum, but not in prefrontal regions. Conclusions: This study extends findings of fronto-striatal dysfunction to adults with ADHD and highlights the importance of frontostriatal and frontocerebellar circuitry in this disorder, providing evidence of an endophenotype for examining the genetics of ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01761.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163 [article] ADHD- and medication-related brain activation effects in concordantly affected parent–child dyads with ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jeffery N. EPSTEIN, Auteur ; Lisa A. KOTLER, Auteur ; Alan VITOLO, Auteur ; Keith M. SHAFRITZ, Auteur ; Gary GLOVER, Auteur ; Amy GARRETT, Auteur ; Julie A. SPICER, Auteur ; Matthew C. DAVIDSON, Auteur ; B.J. CASEY, Auteur ; Allan L. REISS, Auteur ; Stephen P. HINSHAW, Auteur ; Laurence L. GREENHILL, Auteur ; Simon T. TONEV, Auteur ; Matthew A. JARRETT, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.899–913. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.899–913 Mots-clés : ADHD adolescence adulthood brain-imaging development fMRI methylphenidate neuropsychology children parents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Several studies have documented fronto-striatal dysfunction in children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using response inhibition tasks. Our objective was to examine functional brain abnormalities among youths and adults with ADHD and to examine the relations between these neurobiological abnormalities and response to stimulant medication. Method: A group of concordantly diagnosed ADHD parent–child dyads was compared to a matched sample of normal parent–child dyads. In addition, ADHD dyads were administered double-blind methylphenidate and placebo in a counterbalanced fashion over two consecutive days of testing. Frontostriatal function was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during performance of a go/no-go task. Results: Youths and adults with ADHD showed attenuated activity in fronto-striatal regions. In addition, adults with ADHD appeared to activate non-fronto-striatal regions more than normals. A stimulant medication trial showed that among youths, stimulant medication increased activation in fronto-striatal and cerebellar regions. In adults with ADHD, increases in activation were observed in the striatum and cerebellum, but not in prefrontal regions. Conclusions: This study extends findings of fronto-striatal dysfunction to adults with ADHD and highlights the importance of frontostriatal and frontocerebellar circuitry in this disorder, providing evidence of an endophenotype for examining the genetics of ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01761.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163

Neural and behavioral correlates of expectancy violations in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder / Sarah DURSTON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.881–889 Titre : Neural and behavioral correlates of expectancy violations in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah DURSTON, Auteur ; Herman VAN ENGELAND, Auteur ; Anouk SCHERES, Auteur ; Nim TOTTENHAM, Auteur ; Adriana GALVAN, Auteur ; Julie A. SPICER, Auteur ; Martijn J. MULDER, Auteur ; Matthew C. DAVIDSON, Auteur ; B.J. CASEY, Auteur ; Francisco Xavier CASTELLANOS, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.881–889 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADD/ADHD fMRI expectancy fronto-cerebellar Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder in childhood with established problems in cognitive control and associated fronto-striatal circuitry. More recently, fronto-cerebellar circuits have been implicated in this disorder. Both of these circuits are important in predicting the occurrence and timing of behaviorally relevant events and in detecting violations of these predictions. Therefore, we hypothesized that the ability to predict the occurrence of frequent events would be compromised in ADHD, as well as the ability to adapt behavior when expectancy was violated. Methods: We used rapid, mixed-trial, event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine cognitive and neural processes in two independent samples of children and adolescents with ADHD and matched controls. Subjects performed a variation of a go-no/go task where the predictability of stimulus identity (what) and timing (when) was manipulated. Results: Behaviorally, children and adolescents with ADHD had increased variability in reaction times, and decreased benefit in reaction time when events were predictable. Differences in accuracy between groups were most reliable for temporally unpredictable trials. Functional imaging results from both samples showed that relative to the control children and adolescents, individuals with ADHD had diminished cerebellar activity to violations of stimulus timing and diminished ventral prefrontal and anterior cingulate activity to violations in stimulus timing and identity. Conclusions: These findings are consistent with the view that disruptive behaviors in inappropriate contexts, a major criterion in diagnosing ADHD, may be related to an impaired ability to predict temporal and contextual cues in the environment, thus hindering the ability to alter behavior when they change. This ability requires intact fronto-cerebellar, as well as fronto-striatal circuitry. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01754.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163 [article] Neural and behavioral correlates of expectancy violations in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah DURSTON, Auteur ; Herman VAN ENGELAND, Auteur ; Anouk SCHERES, Auteur ; Nim TOTTENHAM, Auteur ; Adriana GALVAN, Auteur ; Julie A. SPICER, Auteur ; Martijn J. MULDER, Auteur ; Matthew C. DAVIDSON, Auteur ; B.J. CASEY, Auteur ; Francisco Xavier CASTELLANOS, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.881–889. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.881–889 Mots-clés : ADD/ADHD fMRI expectancy fronto-cerebellar Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder in childhood with established problems in cognitive control and associated fronto-striatal circuitry. More recently, fronto-cerebellar circuits have been implicated in this disorder. Both of these circuits are important in predicting the occurrence and timing of behaviorally relevant events and in detecting violations of these predictions. Therefore, we hypothesized that the ability to predict the occurrence of frequent events would be compromised in ADHD, as well as the ability to adapt behavior when expectancy was violated. Methods: We used rapid, mixed-trial, event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine cognitive and neural processes in two independent samples of children and adolescents with ADHD and matched controls. Subjects performed a variation of a go-no/go task where the predictability of stimulus identity (what) and timing (when) was manipulated. Results: Behaviorally, children and adolescents with ADHD had increased variability in reaction times, and decreased benefit in reaction time when events were predictable. Differences in accuracy between groups were most reliable for temporally unpredictable trials. Functional imaging results from both samples showed that relative to the control children and adolescents, individuals with ADHD had diminished cerebellar activity to violations of stimulus timing and diminished ventral prefrontal and anterior cingulate activity to violations in stimulus timing and identity. Conclusions: These findings are consistent with the view that disruptive behaviors in inappropriate contexts, a major criterion in diagnosing ADHD, may be related to an impaired ability to predict temporal and contextual cues in the environment, thus hindering the ability to alter behavior when they change. This ability requires intact fronto-cerebellar, as well as fronto-striatal circuitry. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01754.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163

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