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Age-related differences in cognition across the adult lifespan in autism spectrum disorder / Anne G. LEVER in Autism Research, 9-6 (June 2016)
[article]
Titre : Age-related differences in cognition across the adult lifespan in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anne G. LEVER, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.666-676 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder aging older adults cognition neuropsychology memory theory of mind generativity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is largely unknown how age impacts cognition in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated whether age-related cognitive differences are similar, reduced or increased across the adult lifespan, examined cognitive strengths and weaknesses, and explored whether objective test performance is related to subjective cognitive challenges. Neuropsychological tests assessing visual and verbal memory, generativity, and theory of mind (ToM), and a self-report measure assessing cognitive failures were administered to 236 matched participants with and without ASD, aged 20–79 years (IQ?>?80). Group comparisons revealed that individuals with ASD had higher scores on visual memory, lower scores on generativity and ToM, and similar performance on verbal memory. However, ToM impairments were no longer present in older (50+ years) adults with ASD. Across adulthood, individuals with ASD demonstrated similar age-related effects on verbal memory, generativity, and ToM, while age-related differences were reduced on visual memory. Although adults with ASD reported many cognitive failures, those were not associated with neuropsychological test performance. Hence, while some cognitive abilities (visual and verbal memory) and difficulties (generativity and semantic memory) persist across adulthood in ASD, others become less apparent in old age (ToM). Age-related differences characteristic of typical aging are reduced or parallel, but not increased in individuals with ASD, suggesting that ASD may partially protect against an age-related decrease in cognitive functioning. Despite these findings, adults with ASD experience many cognitive daily challenges, which highlights the need for adequate social support and the importance of further research into this topic, including longitudinal studies. Autism Res 2016, 9: 666–676. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1545 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290
in Autism Research > 9-6 (June 2016) . - p.666-676[article] Age-related differences in cognition across the adult lifespan in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anne G. LEVER, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.666-676.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 9-6 (June 2016) . - p.666-676
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder aging older adults cognition neuropsychology memory theory of mind generativity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is largely unknown how age impacts cognition in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated whether age-related cognitive differences are similar, reduced or increased across the adult lifespan, examined cognitive strengths and weaknesses, and explored whether objective test performance is related to subjective cognitive challenges. Neuropsychological tests assessing visual and verbal memory, generativity, and theory of mind (ToM), and a self-report measure assessing cognitive failures were administered to 236 matched participants with and without ASD, aged 20–79 years (IQ?>?80). Group comparisons revealed that individuals with ASD had higher scores on visual memory, lower scores on generativity and ToM, and similar performance on verbal memory. However, ToM impairments were no longer present in older (50+ years) adults with ASD. Across adulthood, individuals with ASD demonstrated similar age-related effects on verbal memory, generativity, and ToM, while age-related differences were reduced on visual memory. Although adults with ASD reported many cognitive failures, those were not associated with neuropsychological test performance. Hence, while some cognitive abilities (visual and verbal memory) and difficulties (generativity and semantic memory) persist across adulthood in ASD, others become less apparent in old age (ToM). Age-related differences characteristic of typical aging are reduced or parallel, but not increased in individuals with ASD, suggesting that ASD may partially protect against an age-related decrease in cognitive functioning. Despite these findings, adults with ASD experience many cognitive daily challenges, which highlights the need for adequate social support and the importance of further research into this topic, including longitudinal studies. Autism Res 2016, 9: 666–676. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1545 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290 Qualitative analyses of verbal fluency in adolescents and young adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder / Eiko INOKUCHI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-11 (November 2013)
[article]
Titre : Qualitative analyses of verbal fluency in adolescents and young adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eiko INOKUCHI, Auteur ; Yoko KAMIO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1403-1410 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : High-functioning autism spectrum disorders Verbal fluency Action fluency Semantic strategy Cognitive flexibility Generativity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Systematic qualitative analyses of verbal fluency might aid our understanding of the characteristic cognitive processes in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study, we compared through qualitative and quantitative analyses performance on letter fluency (LF), category fluency (CF), and action fluency (AF) in adolescents and young adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (HFASD) with that of an age-, gender-, and IQ-matched control group. Quantitative analyses revealed significantly fewer correct responses on category and action fluency and significantly more intrusions on category fluency in individuals with HFASD than in control participants. Qualitative analyses revealed significantly fewer semantic clusters and significantly more phonemic clusters during action fluency in individuals with HFASD compared to control participants. With respect to action fluency, the number of correct responses and clusters were related to verbal IQ for individuals with HFASD but not for control participants. We discuss these results in terms of abnormalities in semantic/phonemic strategy choice, cognitive flexibility, and generativity in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.08.010 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=215
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-11 (November 2013) . - p.1403-1410[article] Qualitative analyses of verbal fluency in adolescents and young adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eiko INOKUCHI, Auteur ; Yoko KAMIO, Auteur . - p.1403-1410.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-11 (November 2013) . - p.1403-1410
Mots-clés : High-functioning autism spectrum disorders Verbal fluency Action fluency Semantic strategy Cognitive flexibility Generativity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Systematic qualitative analyses of verbal fluency might aid our understanding of the characteristic cognitive processes in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study, we compared through qualitative and quantitative analyses performance on letter fluency (LF), category fluency (CF), and action fluency (AF) in adolescents and young adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (HFASD) with that of an age-, gender-, and IQ-matched control group. Quantitative analyses revealed significantly fewer correct responses on category and action fluency and significantly more intrusions on category fluency in individuals with HFASD than in control participants. Qualitative analyses revealed significantly fewer semantic clusters and significantly more phonemic clusters during action fluency in individuals with HFASD compared to control participants. With respect to action fluency, the number of correct responses and clusters were related to verbal IQ for individuals with HFASD but not for control participants. We discuss these results in terms of abnormalities in semantic/phonemic strategy choice, cognitive flexibility, and generativity in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.08.010 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=215