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The Psychological Development of Children from Belarus Exposed in the Prenatal Period to Radiation from the Chernobyl Atomic Power Plant / Y. KOLOMINSKY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40-2 (February 1999)
[article]
Titre : The Psychological Development of Children from Belarus Exposed in the Prenatal Period to Radiation from the Chernobyl Atomic Power Plant Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Y. KOLOMINSKY, Auteur ; S. IGUMNOV, Auteur ; V. DROZDOVITCH, Auteur Année de publication : 1999 Article en page(s) : p.299-305 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Emotional disorder specific learning disabilities prenatal radiation social factors education Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined psychological development in 138 children at the age of 6–7 and 10–11 years, who had suffered prenatal radiation exposure at the time of the Chernobyl accident in 1986. These children were compared to a control group of 122 children of the same age from noncontaminated areas of Belarus. The examination included neurological and psychiatric examination, intellectual assessment, and clinical psychological investigation of parents as well as the estimation of thyroid exposure in utero. The exposed group manifested a relative increase in psychological impairment compared with the control group, with increased prevalence in cases of specific developmental speech-language disorders (18.1% vs. 8.2% at 6–7 years; 10.1% vs. 3.3% at 10–11 years) and emotional disorders (20.3% vs. 7.4% at 6–7 years; 18.1% vs. 7.4% at 10–11 years). The mean IQ of the exposed group was lower than that of the control group, and there were more cases of borderline IQ (IQ = 70–79) (15.9% vs. 5.7% at 6–7 years; and 10.1% vs. 3.3% at 10–11 years). The mean value of thyroid doses from 131 I 0.4 Gy was estimated for children exposed in utero. No correlation was found between individual thyroid doses and IQ at age 6–7 years or 10–11 years. We notice a positive moderate correlation between IQ of children and the educational level of their parents. There was a moderate correlation between high personal anxiety in parents and emotional disorders in children. We conclude that a significant role in the genesis of borderline intellectual functioning, specific developmental disorders of speech, language and scholastic skills, as well as emotional disorders in the exposed group of children was played by unfavourable social-psychological and social-cultural factors such as a low educational level of parents, the break of microsocial contacts, and adaptational dificulties, which appear following the evacuation and relocation from the contaminated areas. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=124
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 40-2 (February 1999) . - p.299-305[article] The Psychological Development of Children from Belarus Exposed in the Prenatal Period to Radiation from the Chernobyl Atomic Power Plant [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Y. KOLOMINSKY, Auteur ; S. IGUMNOV, Auteur ; V. DROZDOVITCH, Auteur . - 1999 . - p.299-305.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 40-2 (February 1999) . - p.299-305
Mots-clés : Emotional disorder specific learning disabilities prenatal radiation social factors education Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined psychological development in 138 children at the age of 6–7 and 10–11 years, who had suffered prenatal radiation exposure at the time of the Chernobyl accident in 1986. These children were compared to a control group of 122 children of the same age from noncontaminated areas of Belarus. The examination included neurological and psychiatric examination, intellectual assessment, and clinical psychological investigation of parents as well as the estimation of thyroid exposure in utero. The exposed group manifested a relative increase in psychological impairment compared with the control group, with increased prevalence in cases of specific developmental speech-language disorders (18.1% vs. 8.2% at 6–7 years; 10.1% vs. 3.3% at 10–11 years) and emotional disorders (20.3% vs. 7.4% at 6–7 years; 18.1% vs. 7.4% at 10–11 years). The mean IQ of the exposed group was lower than that of the control group, and there were more cases of borderline IQ (IQ = 70–79) (15.9% vs. 5.7% at 6–7 years; and 10.1% vs. 3.3% at 10–11 years). The mean value of thyroid doses from 131 I 0.4 Gy was estimated for children exposed in utero. No correlation was found between individual thyroid doses and IQ at age 6–7 years or 10–11 years. We notice a positive moderate correlation between IQ of children and the educational level of their parents. There was a moderate correlation between high personal anxiety in parents and emotional disorders in children. We conclude that a significant role in the genesis of borderline intellectual functioning, specific developmental disorders of speech, language and scholastic skills, as well as emotional disorders in the exposed group of children was played by unfavourable social-psychological and social-cultural factors such as a low educational level of parents, the break of microsocial contacts, and adaptational dificulties, which appear following the evacuation and relocation from the contaminated areas. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=124 A multidisciplinary approach unravels early and persistent effects of X-ray exposure at the onset of prenatal neurogenesis / T. VERREET in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 7-1 (December 2015)
[article]
Titre : A multidisciplinary approach unravels early and persistent effects of X-ray exposure at the onset of prenatal neurogenesis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : T. VERREET, Auteur ; R. QUINTENS, Auteur ; D. VAN DAM, Auteur ; M. VERSLEGERS, Auteur ; M. TANORI, Auteur ; A. CASCIATI, Auteur ; M. NEEFS, Auteur ; L. LEYSEN, Auteur ; A. MICHAUX, Auteur ; A. JANSSEN, Auteur ; E. D'AGOSTINO, Auteur ; G. VANDE VELDE, Auteur ; S. BAATOUT, Auteur ; L. MOONS, Auteur ; S. PAZZAGLIA, Auteur ; A. SARAN, Auteur ; U. HIMMELREICH, Auteur ; P. P. DE DEYN, Auteur ; M. A. BENOTMANE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Apoptosis Brain development Cognitive dysfunction Mri Radiation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: In humans, in utero exposure to ionising radiation results in an increased prevalence of neurological aberrations, such as small head size, mental retardation and decreased IQ levels. Yet, the association between early damaging events and long-term neuronal anomalies remains largely elusive. METHODS: Mice were exposed to different X-ray doses, ranging between 0.0 and 1.0 Gy, at embryonic days (E) 10, 11 or 12 and subjected to behavioural tests at 12 weeks of age. Underlying mechanisms of irradiation at E11 were further unravelled using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy, diffusion tensor imaging, gene expression profiling, histology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Irradiation at the onset of neurogenesis elicited behavioural changes in young adult mice, dependent on the timing of exposure. As locomotor behaviour and hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory were most particularly affected after irradiation at E11 with 1.0 Gy, this condition was used for further mechanistic analyses, focusing on the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. A classical p53-mediated apoptotic response was found shortly after exposure. Strikingly, in the neocortex, the majority of apoptotic and microglial cells were residing in the outer layer at 24 h after irradiation, suggesting cell death occurrence in differentiating neurons rather than proliferating cells. Furthermore, total brain volume, cortical thickness and ventricle size were decreased in the irradiated embryos. At 40 weeks of age, MRI showed that the ventricles were enlarged whereas N-acetyl aspartate concentrations and functional anisotropy were reduced in the cortex of the irradiated animals, indicating a decrease in neuronal cell number and persistent neuroinflammation. Finally, in the hippocampus, we revealed a reduction in general neurogenic proliferation and in the amount of Sox2-positive precursors after radiation exposure, although only at a juvenile age. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide evidence for a radiation-induced disruption of mouse brain development, resulting in behavioural differences. We propose that alterations in cortical morphology and juvenile hippocampal neurogenesis might both contribute to the observed aberrant behaviour. Furthermore, our results challenge the generally assumed view of a higher radiosensitivity in dividing cells. Overall, this study offers new insights into irradiation-dependent effects in the embryonic brain, of relevance for the neurodevelopmental and radiobiological field. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-7-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.3[article] A multidisciplinary approach unravels early and persistent effects of X-ray exposure at the onset of prenatal neurogenesis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / T. VERREET, Auteur ; R. QUINTENS, Auteur ; D. VAN DAM, Auteur ; M. VERSLEGERS, Auteur ; M. TANORI, Auteur ; A. CASCIATI, Auteur ; M. NEEFS, Auteur ; L. LEYSEN, Auteur ; A. MICHAUX, Auteur ; A. JANSSEN, Auteur ; E. D'AGOSTINO, Auteur ; G. VANDE VELDE, Auteur ; S. BAATOUT, Auteur ; L. MOONS, Auteur ; S. PAZZAGLIA, Auteur ; A. SARAN, Auteur ; U. HIMMELREICH, Auteur ; P. P. DE DEYN, Auteur ; M. A. BENOTMANE, Auteur . - p.3.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.3
Mots-clés : Apoptosis Brain development Cognitive dysfunction Mri Radiation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: In humans, in utero exposure to ionising radiation results in an increased prevalence of neurological aberrations, such as small head size, mental retardation and decreased IQ levels. Yet, the association between early damaging events and long-term neuronal anomalies remains largely elusive. METHODS: Mice were exposed to different X-ray doses, ranging between 0.0 and 1.0 Gy, at embryonic days (E) 10, 11 or 12 and subjected to behavioural tests at 12 weeks of age. Underlying mechanisms of irradiation at E11 were further unravelled using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy, diffusion tensor imaging, gene expression profiling, histology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Irradiation at the onset of neurogenesis elicited behavioural changes in young adult mice, dependent on the timing of exposure. As locomotor behaviour and hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory were most particularly affected after irradiation at E11 with 1.0 Gy, this condition was used for further mechanistic analyses, focusing on the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. A classical p53-mediated apoptotic response was found shortly after exposure. Strikingly, in the neocortex, the majority of apoptotic and microglial cells were residing in the outer layer at 24 h after irradiation, suggesting cell death occurrence in differentiating neurons rather than proliferating cells. Furthermore, total brain volume, cortical thickness and ventricle size were decreased in the irradiated embryos. At 40 weeks of age, MRI showed that the ventricles were enlarged whereas N-acetyl aspartate concentrations and functional anisotropy were reduced in the cortex of the irradiated animals, indicating a decrease in neuronal cell number and persistent neuroinflammation. Finally, in the hippocampus, we revealed a reduction in general neurogenic proliferation and in the amount of Sox2-positive precursors after radiation exposure, although only at a juvenile age. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide evidence for a radiation-induced disruption of mouse brain development, resulting in behavioural differences. We propose that alterations in cortical morphology and juvenile hippocampal neurogenesis might both contribute to the observed aberrant behaviour. Furthermore, our results challenge the generally assumed view of a higher radiosensitivity in dividing cells. Overall, this study offers new insights into irradiation-dependent effects in the embryonic brain, of relevance for the neurodevelopmental and radiobiological field. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-7-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347 Book Reviews in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40-2 (February 1999)
[article]
Titre : Book Reviews Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Année de publication : 1999 Article en page(s) : p.309 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Emotional disorder specific learning disabilities prenatal radiation social factors education Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Books reviewed in this article:
Patricia Howling, Autism: Preparing for Adulthood
C. Cull & L. H. Goldstein, The Clinical Psychologist's Handbook of Epilepsy: Assessment and Management
Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=124
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 40-2 (February 1999) . - p.309[article] Book Reviews [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - 1999 . - p.309.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 40-2 (February 1999) . - p.309
Mots-clés : Emotional disorder specific learning disabilities prenatal radiation social factors education Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Books reviewed in this article:
Patricia Howling, Autism: Preparing for Adulthood
C. Cull & L. H. Goldstein, The Clinical Psychologist's Handbook of Epilepsy: Assessment and Management
Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=124