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Animal-assisted activity improves social behaviors in psychiatrically hospitalized youth with autism / M. M. GERMONE in Autism, 23-7 (October 2019)
[article]
Titre : Animal-assisted activity improves social behaviors in psychiatrically hospitalized youth with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. M. GERMONE, Auteur ; R. L. GABRIELS, Auteur ; N. A. GUERIN, Auteur ; Z. PAN, Auteur ; T. BANKS, Auteur ; M. E. O'HAIRE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1740-1751 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : animal-assisted activities autism communication dogs social behaviors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is preliminary research suggesting that animal-assisted activities can improve social interactions of children with autism spectrum disorder. This pilot study sought to investigate the benefits of animal-assisted activities with dogs and psychiatrically hospitalized youth with autism spectrum disorder. Participants were recruited from a specialized inpatient psychiatric hospital unit for youth with autism spectrum disorder and other developmental disabilities. Utilizing a crossover design, participants served as their own control by engaging in two 10-min conditions: an experimental dog and handler interaction (animal-assisted activities) and a novel toy and handler control (control). Of the 142 youth aged 6--8 years screened for participation, 47 completed both conditions. Participants' behavioral data were captured via video and coded using the Observation of Human-Animal Interaction for Research, a tool specifically developed to capture human behavioral interactions in the presence of animals. Overall, social-communication behaviors significantly improved in the animal-assisted activities experimental condition compared to the control condition (p = 0.0001). Specifically, participants in the animal-assisted activities experimental condition displayed more positive emotional facial expressions (p 0.0001), talking (p = 0.0408), use of gestures (p = 0.032), and looking at both adults and peers (p 0.0001). In addition, a higher frequency of constant motion (p = 0.003) was observed in the animal-assisted activities experimental condition. Results suggest that animal-assisted activities with a dog may promote social-communication behaviors in psychiatrically hospitalized youth with autism spectrum disorder. Given the fact that social and communication behaviors can facilitate treatment engagement for this population, we recommend future studies examine how such improvements can positively affect the psychiatric treatment of this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319827411 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=406
in Autism > 23-7 (October 2019) . - p.1740-1751[article] Animal-assisted activity improves social behaviors in psychiatrically hospitalized youth with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. M. GERMONE, Auteur ; R. L. GABRIELS, Auteur ; N. A. GUERIN, Auteur ; Z. PAN, Auteur ; T. BANKS, Auteur ; M. E. O'HAIRE, Auteur . - p.1740-1751.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 23-7 (October 2019) . - p.1740-1751
Mots-clés : animal-assisted activities autism communication dogs social behaviors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is preliminary research suggesting that animal-assisted activities can improve social interactions of children with autism spectrum disorder. This pilot study sought to investigate the benefits of animal-assisted activities with dogs and psychiatrically hospitalized youth with autism spectrum disorder. Participants were recruited from a specialized inpatient psychiatric hospital unit for youth with autism spectrum disorder and other developmental disabilities. Utilizing a crossover design, participants served as their own control by engaging in two 10-min conditions: an experimental dog and handler interaction (animal-assisted activities) and a novel toy and handler control (control). Of the 142 youth aged 6--8 years screened for participation, 47 completed both conditions. Participants' behavioral data were captured via video and coded using the Observation of Human-Animal Interaction for Research, a tool specifically developed to capture human behavioral interactions in the presence of animals. Overall, social-communication behaviors significantly improved in the animal-assisted activities experimental condition compared to the control condition (p = 0.0001). Specifically, participants in the animal-assisted activities experimental condition displayed more positive emotional facial expressions (p 0.0001), talking (p = 0.0408), use of gestures (p = 0.032), and looking at both adults and peers (p 0.0001). In addition, a higher frequency of constant motion (p = 0.003) was observed in the animal-assisted activities experimental condition. Results suggest that animal-assisted activities with a dog may promote social-communication behaviors in psychiatrically hospitalized youth with autism spectrum disorder. Given the fact that social and communication behaviors can facilitate treatment engagement for this population, we recommend future studies examine how such improvements can positively affect the psychiatric treatment of this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319827411 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=406 Disruption of grin2B, an ASD-associated gene, produces social deficits in zebrafish / Josiah D. ZOODSMA in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)
[article]
Titre : Disruption of grin2B, an ASD-associated gene, produces social deficits in zebrafish Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Josiah D. ZOODSMA, Auteur ; Emma J. KEEGAN, Auteur ; Gabrielle R. MOODY, Auteur ; Ashwin A. BHANDIWAD, Auteur ; Amalia J. NAPOLI, Auteur ; Harold A. BURGESS, Auteur ; Lonnie P. WOLLMUTH, Auteur ; Howard I. SIROTKIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 38 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Animals Codon, Nonsense Glutamic Acid Neurodevelopmental Disorders/genetics Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/genetics Zebrafish/genetics Autism spectrum disorders GluN2B NMDA receptors Social behaviors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), like many neurodevelopmental disorders, has complex and varied etiologies. Advances in genome sequencing have identified multiple candidate genes associated with ASD, including dozens of missense and nonsense mutations in the NMDAR subunit GluN2B, encoded by GRIN2B. NMDARs are glutamate-gated ion channels with key synaptic functions in excitatory neurotransmission. How alterations in these proteins impact neurodevelopment is poorly understood, in part because knockouts of GluN2B in rodents are lethal. METHODS: Here, we use CRISPR-Cas9 to generate zebrafish lacking GluN2B (grin2B(-/-)). Using these fish, we run an array of behavioral tests and perform whole-brain larval imaging to assay developmental roles and functions of GluN2B. RESULTS: We demonstrate that zebrafish GluN2B displays similar structural and functional properties to human GluN2B. Zebrafish lacking GluN2B (grin2B(-/-)) surprisingly survive into adulthood. Given the prevalence of social deficits in ASD, we assayed social preference in the grin2B(-/-) fish. Wild-type fish develop a strong social preference by 3Â weeks post fertilization. In contrast, grin2B(-/-) fish at this age exhibit significantly reduced social preference. Notably, the lack of GluN2B does not result in a broad disruption of neurodevelopment, as grin2B(-/-) larvae do not show alterations in spontaneous or photic-evoked movements, are capable of prey capture, and exhibit learning. Whole-brain imaging of grin2B(-/-) larvae revealed reduction of an inhibitory neuron marker in the subpallium, a region linked to ASD in humans, but showed that overall brain size and E/I balance in grin2B(-/-) is comparable to wild type. LIMITATIONS: Zebrafish lacking GluN2B, while useful in studying developmental roles of GluN2B, are unlikely to model nuanced functional alterations of human missense mutations that are not complete loss of function. Additionally, detailed mammalian homologies for larval zebrafish brain subdivisions at the age of whole-brain imaging are not fully resolved. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that zebrafish completely lacking the GluN2B subunit of the NMDAR, unlike rodent models, are viable into adulthood. Notably, they exhibit a highly specific deficit in social behavior. As such, this zebrafish model affords a unique opportunity to study the roles of GluN2B in ASD etiologies and establish a disease-relevant in vivo model for future studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00516-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491
in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 38 p.[article] Disruption of grin2B, an ASD-associated gene, produces social deficits in zebrafish [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Josiah D. ZOODSMA, Auteur ; Emma J. KEEGAN, Auteur ; Gabrielle R. MOODY, Auteur ; Ashwin A. BHANDIWAD, Auteur ; Amalia J. NAPOLI, Auteur ; Harold A. BURGESS, Auteur ; Lonnie P. WOLLMUTH, Auteur ; Howard I. SIROTKIN, Auteur . - 38 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 38 p.
Mots-clés : Animals Codon, Nonsense Glutamic Acid Neurodevelopmental Disorders/genetics Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/genetics Zebrafish/genetics Autism spectrum disorders GluN2B NMDA receptors Social behaviors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), like many neurodevelopmental disorders, has complex and varied etiologies. Advances in genome sequencing have identified multiple candidate genes associated with ASD, including dozens of missense and nonsense mutations in the NMDAR subunit GluN2B, encoded by GRIN2B. NMDARs are glutamate-gated ion channels with key synaptic functions in excitatory neurotransmission. How alterations in these proteins impact neurodevelopment is poorly understood, in part because knockouts of GluN2B in rodents are lethal. METHODS: Here, we use CRISPR-Cas9 to generate zebrafish lacking GluN2B (grin2B(-/-)). Using these fish, we run an array of behavioral tests and perform whole-brain larval imaging to assay developmental roles and functions of GluN2B. RESULTS: We demonstrate that zebrafish GluN2B displays similar structural and functional properties to human GluN2B. Zebrafish lacking GluN2B (grin2B(-/-)) surprisingly survive into adulthood. Given the prevalence of social deficits in ASD, we assayed social preference in the grin2B(-/-) fish. Wild-type fish develop a strong social preference by 3Â weeks post fertilization. In contrast, grin2B(-/-) fish at this age exhibit significantly reduced social preference. Notably, the lack of GluN2B does not result in a broad disruption of neurodevelopment, as grin2B(-/-) larvae do not show alterations in spontaneous or photic-evoked movements, are capable of prey capture, and exhibit learning. Whole-brain imaging of grin2B(-/-) larvae revealed reduction of an inhibitory neuron marker in the subpallium, a region linked to ASD in humans, but showed that overall brain size and E/I balance in grin2B(-/-) is comparable to wild type. LIMITATIONS: Zebrafish lacking GluN2B, while useful in studying developmental roles of GluN2B, are unlikely to model nuanced functional alterations of human missense mutations that are not complete loss of function. Additionally, detailed mammalian homologies for larval zebrafish brain subdivisions at the age of whole-brain imaging are not fully resolved. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that zebrafish completely lacking the GluN2B subunit of the NMDAR, unlike rodent models, are viable into adulthood. Notably, they exhibit a highly specific deficit in social behavior. As such, this zebrafish model affords a unique opportunity to study the roles of GluN2B in ASD etiologies and establish a disease-relevant in vivo model for future studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00516-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491