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“Put Myself Into Your Place”: Embodied Simulation and Perspective Taking in Autism Spectrum Disorders / Massimiliano CONSON in Autism Research, 8-4 (August 2015)
[article]
Titre : “Put Myself Into Your Place”: Embodied Simulation and Perspective Taking in Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Massimiliano CONSON, Auteur ; Elisabetta MAZZARELLA, Auteur ; Dalila ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Dario GROSSI, Auteur ; Nicoletta MARINO, Auteur ; Angelo MASSAGLI, Auteur ; Alessandro FROLLI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.454-466 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders high-functioning autism perspective taking embodied simulation body representation mental rotation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Embodied cognition theories hold that cognitive processes are grounded in bodily states. Embodied processes in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have classically been investigated in studies on imitation. Several observations suggested that unlike typical individuals who are able of copying the model's actions from the model's position, individuals with ASD tend to reenact the model's actions from their own egocentric perspective. Here, we performed two behavioral experiments to directly test the ability of ASD individuals to adopt another person's point of view. In Experiment 1, participants had to explicitly judge the left/right location of a target object in a scene from their own or the actor's point of view (visual perspective taking task). In Experiment 2, participants had to perform left/right judgments on front-facing or back-facing human body images (own body transformation task). Both tasks can be solved by mentally simulating one's own body motion to imagine oneself transforming into the position of another person (embodied simulation strategy), or by resorting to visual/spatial processes, such as mental object rotation (nonembodied strategy). Results of both experiments showed that individual with ASD solved the tasks mainly relying on a nonembodied strategy, whereas typical controls adopted an embodied strategy. Moreover, in the visual perspective taking task ASD participants had more difficulties than controls in inhibiting other-perspective when directed to keep one's own point of view. These findings suggested that, in social cognitive tasks, individuals with ASD do not resort to embodied simulation and have difficulties in cognitive control over self- and other-perspective. Autism Res 2015, 8: 454–466. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1460 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=268
in Autism Research > 8-4 (August 2015) . - p.454-466[article] “Put Myself Into Your Place”: Embodied Simulation and Perspective Taking in Autism Spectrum Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Massimiliano CONSON, Auteur ; Elisabetta MAZZARELLA, Auteur ; Dalila ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Dario GROSSI, Auteur ; Nicoletta MARINO, Auteur ; Angelo MASSAGLI, Auteur ; Alessandro FROLLI, Auteur . - p.454-466.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 8-4 (August 2015) . - p.454-466
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders high-functioning autism perspective taking embodied simulation body representation mental rotation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Embodied cognition theories hold that cognitive processes are grounded in bodily states. Embodied processes in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have classically been investigated in studies on imitation. Several observations suggested that unlike typical individuals who are able of copying the model's actions from the model's position, individuals with ASD tend to reenact the model's actions from their own egocentric perspective. Here, we performed two behavioral experiments to directly test the ability of ASD individuals to adopt another person's point of view. In Experiment 1, participants had to explicitly judge the left/right location of a target object in a scene from their own or the actor's point of view (visual perspective taking task). In Experiment 2, participants had to perform left/right judgments on front-facing or back-facing human body images (own body transformation task). Both tasks can be solved by mentally simulating one's own body motion to imagine oneself transforming into the position of another person (embodied simulation strategy), or by resorting to visual/spatial processes, such as mental object rotation (nonembodied strategy). Results of both experiments showed that individual with ASD solved the tasks mainly relying on a nonembodied strategy, whereas typical controls adopted an embodied strategy. Moreover, in the visual perspective taking task ASD participants had more difficulties than controls in inhibiting other-perspective when directed to keep one's own point of view. These findings suggested that, in social cognitive tasks, individuals with ASD do not resort to embodied simulation and have difficulties in cognitive control over self- and other-perspective. Autism Res 2015, 8: 454–466. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1460 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=268 Intact neural representations of affective meaning of touch but lack of embodied resonance in autism: a multi-voxel pattern analysis study / H. LEE MASSON in Molecular Autism, 10 (2019)
[article]
Titre : Intact neural representations of affective meaning of touch but lack of embodied resonance in autism: a multi-voxel pattern analysis study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : H. LEE MASSON, Auteur ; I. PILLET, Auteur ; S. AMELYNCK, Auteur ; S. VAN DE PLAS, Auteur ; M. HENDRIKS, Auteur ; H. OP DE BEECK, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 39 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Embodied simulation Multi-voxel pattern analysis Social touch aversion Social touch observation Theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Humans can easily grasp the affective meaning of touch when observing social interactions. Several neural systems support this ability, including the theory of mind (ToM) network and the somatosensory system linked to embodied resonance, but it is unclear how these systems are affected in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Individuals with ASD exhibit impairments in the use of nonverbal communication such as social and reciprocal touch. Despite the importance of touch in social communication and the reported touch aversion in ASD, surprisingly little is known about the neural systems underlying impairments in touch communication in ASD. Methods: The present study applies a dynamic and socially meaningful stimulus set combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to pinpoint atypicalities in the neural circuitry underlying socio-affective touch observation in adults with ASD. Twenty-one adults with ASD and 21 matched neurotypical adults evaluated the valence and arousal of 75 video fragments displaying touch interactions. Subsequently, they underwent fMRI while watching the same videos. Using multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) and multiple regression analysis, we examined which brain regions represent the socio-affective meaning of observed touch. To further understand the brain-behavior relationship, we correlated the strength of affective representations in the somatosensory cortex with individuals' attitude towards social touch in general and with a quantitative index of autism traits as measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale. Results: Results revealed that the affective meaning of touch was well represented in the temporoparietal junction, a core mentalizing area, in both groups. Conversely, only the neurotypical group represented affective touch in the somatosensory cortex, a region involved in self-experienced touch. Lastly, irrespective of the group, individuals with a more positive attitude towards receiving, witnessing, and providing social touch and with a higher score on social responsivity showed more differentiated representations of the affective meaning of touch in these somatosensory areas. Conclusions: Together, our findings imply that male adults with ASD show intact cognitive understanding (i.e., "knowing") of observed socio-affective touch interactions, but lack of spontaneous embodied resonance (i.e., "feeling"). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0294-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=414
in Molecular Autism > 10 (2019) . - 39 p.[article] Intact neural representations of affective meaning of touch but lack of embodied resonance in autism: a multi-voxel pattern analysis study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / H. LEE MASSON, Auteur ; I. PILLET, Auteur ; S. AMELYNCK, Auteur ; S. VAN DE PLAS, Auteur ; M. HENDRIKS, Auteur ; H. OP DE BEECK, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur . - 39 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 10 (2019) . - 39 p.
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Embodied simulation Multi-voxel pattern analysis Social touch aversion Social touch observation Theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Humans can easily grasp the affective meaning of touch when observing social interactions. Several neural systems support this ability, including the theory of mind (ToM) network and the somatosensory system linked to embodied resonance, but it is unclear how these systems are affected in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Individuals with ASD exhibit impairments in the use of nonverbal communication such as social and reciprocal touch. Despite the importance of touch in social communication and the reported touch aversion in ASD, surprisingly little is known about the neural systems underlying impairments in touch communication in ASD. Methods: The present study applies a dynamic and socially meaningful stimulus set combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to pinpoint atypicalities in the neural circuitry underlying socio-affective touch observation in adults with ASD. Twenty-one adults with ASD and 21 matched neurotypical adults evaluated the valence and arousal of 75 video fragments displaying touch interactions. Subsequently, they underwent fMRI while watching the same videos. Using multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) and multiple regression analysis, we examined which brain regions represent the socio-affective meaning of observed touch. To further understand the brain-behavior relationship, we correlated the strength of affective representations in the somatosensory cortex with individuals' attitude towards social touch in general and with a quantitative index of autism traits as measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale. Results: Results revealed that the affective meaning of touch was well represented in the temporoparietal junction, a core mentalizing area, in both groups. Conversely, only the neurotypical group represented affective touch in the somatosensory cortex, a region involved in self-experienced touch. Lastly, irrespective of the group, individuals with a more positive attitude towards receiving, witnessing, and providing social touch and with a higher score on social responsivity showed more differentiated representations of the affective meaning of touch in these somatosensory areas. Conclusions: Together, our findings imply that male adults with ASD show intact cognitive understanding (i.e., "knowing") of observed socio-affective touch interactions, but lack of spontaneous embodied resonance (i.e., "feeling"). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0294-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=414