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Discriminant value of repetitive behaviors in families with autism spectrum disorder and obsessional compulsive disorder probands / A. LEFEBVRE in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)
[article]
Titre : Discriminant value of repetitive behaviors in families with autism spectrum disorder and obsessional compulsive disorder probands Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. LEFEBVRE, Auteur ; A. COHEN, Auteur ; A. MARUANI, Auteur ; Frédérique AMSELLEM, Auteur ; Anita BEGGIATO, Auteur ; Anouck AMESTOY, Auteur ; M. L. MOAL, Auteur ; D. UMBRICHT, Auteur ; Christopher H. CHATHAM, Auteur ; L. MURTAGH, Auteur ; Manuel P. BOUVARD, Auteur ; M. LEBOYER, Auteur ; Thomas BOURGERON, Auteur ; R. DELORME, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2373-2382 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/genetics Cognition Humans Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/genetics habits heritability neurodevelopment phenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Repetitive behaviors (RB) represent a wide spectrum of symptoms ranging from sensory-motor stereotypies to complex cognitive rituals, frequently dichotomized as low- and high-order sub-groups of symptoms. Even though these subgroups are considered as phenomenologically distinct in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), brain imaging and genetic studies suggest that they have common mechanisms and pathways. This discrepancy may be explained by the frequent intellectual disability reported in ASD, which blurs the RB expressivity. Given the high heritability of RB, that is, the diversity of symptoms expressed in the relatives are dependent on those expressed in their probands, we hypothesize that if RB expressed in ASD or OCD are two distinct entities, then the RB expressed in relatives will also reflect these two dimensions. We thus conduct a linear discriminant analysis on RB in both the relatives of probands with ASD and OCD and subjects from the general population (n = 1023). The discriminant analysis results in a classification of 81.1% of the controls (p?10(-4) ), but poorly differentiated the ASD and OCD relatives (?46%). The stepwise analysis reveals that five symptoms attributed to high-order RB and two related to low-order RB (including hypersensitivity) are the most discriminant. Our results support the idea that the difference of RB patterns in the relatives is mild compared with the distribution of symptoms in controls. Our findings reinforce the evidence of a common biological pattern of RB both in ASD and OCD but with minor differences, specific to each of these two neuro-developmental disorders. LAY SUMMARY: Repetitive behaviors (RB), a key symptom in the classification of both OCD and ASD, are phenomenologically considered as distinct in the two disorders, which is in contrast with brain imaging studies describing a common neural circuit. Intellectual disability, which is frequently associated with ASD, makes RB in ASD more difficult to understand as it affects the expression of the RB symptoms. To avoid this bias, we propose to consider the familial aggregation in ASD and OCD by exploring RB in the first-degree relatives of ASD and OCD. Our results highlight the existence of RB expressed in relatives compared to the general population, with a common pattern of symptoms in relatives of both ASD and OCD but also minor differences, specific to each of these two neuro-developmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2570 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450
in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2373-2382[article] Discriminant value of repetitive behaviors in families with autism spectrum disorder and obsessional compulsive disorder probands [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. LEFEBVRE, Auteur ; A. COHEN, Auteur ; A. MARUANI, Auteur ; Frédérique AMSELLEM, Auteur ; Anita BEGGIATO, Auteur ; Anouck AMESTOY, Auteur ; M. L. MOAL, Auteur ; D. UMBRICHT, Auteur ; Christopher H. CHATHAM, Auteur ; L. MURTAGH, Auteur ; Manuel P. BOUVARD, Auteur ; M. LEBOYER, Auteur ; Thomas BOURGERON, Auteur ; R. DELORME, Auteur . - p.2373-2382.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2373-2382
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/genetics Cognition Humans Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/genetics habits heritability neurodevelopment phenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Repetitive behaviors (RB) represent a wide spectrum of symptoms ranging from sensory-motor stereotypies to complex cognitive rituals, frequently dichotomized as low- and high-order sub-groups of symptoms. Even though these subgroups are considered as phenomenologically distinct in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), brain imaging and genetic studies suggest that they have common mechanisms and pathways. This discrepancy may be explained by the frequent intellectual disability reported in ASD, which blurs the RB expressivity. Given the high heritability of RB, that is, the diversity of symptoms expressed in the relatives are dependent on those expressed in their probands, we hypothesize that if RB expressed in ASD or OCD are two distinct entities, then the RB expressed in relatives will also reflect these two dimensions. We thus conduct a linear discriminant analysis on RB in both the relatives of probands with ASD and OCD and subjects from the general population (n = 1023). The discriminant analysis results in a classification of 81.1% of the controls (p?10(-4) ), but poorly differentiated the ASD and OCD relatives (?46%). The stepwise analysis reveals that five symptoms attributed to high-order RB and two related to low-order RB (including hypersensitivity) are the most discriminant. Our results support the idea that the difference of RB patterns in the relatives is mild compared with the distribution of symptoms in controls. Our findings reinforce the evidence of a common biological pattern of RB both in ASD and OCD but with minor differences, specific to each of these two neuro-developmental disorders. LAY SUMMARY: Repetitive behaviors (RB), a key symptom in the classification of both OCD and ASD, are phenomenologically considered as distinct in the two disorders, which is in contrast with brain imaging studies describing a common neural circuit. Intellectual disability, which is frequently associated with ASD, makes RB in ASD more difficult to understand as it affects the expression of the RB symptoms. To avoid this bias, we propose to consider the familial aggregation in ASD and OCD by exploring RB in the first-degree relatives of ASD and OCD. Our results highlight the existence of RB expressed in relatives compared to the general population, with a common pattern of symptoms in relatives of both ASD and OCD but also minor differences, specific to each of these two neuro-developmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2570 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 Reduced goal-directed action control in autism spectrum disorder / Gail A. ALVARES in Autism Research, 9-12 (December 2016)
[article]
Titre : Reduced goal-directed action control in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Bernard W. BALLEINE, Auteur ; Lisa WHITTLE, Auteur ; Adam J. GUASTELLA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1285-1293 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : goal-directed behavior habits behavioral neuroscience action control outcome devaluation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions associated with persistent, stereotyped or repetitive actions, and patterns of interest that are maintained in spite of possible negative outcomes. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether impairments in the ability to execute flexible goal-directed actions may be an underlying feature in ASD contributing to these symptoms. Young adults diagnosed with ASD were recruited along with controls and adults with social anxiety disorder (SAD). Participants were trained to make keyboard actions for food outcomes and then subsequently allowed to consume one outcome till satiety. As expected, this outcome devaluation procedure reduced subsequent responding for actions predicting the devalued outcome, while maintaining responding on the other still-valued action, in controls. However, both ASD and SAD participants were unable to demonstrate flexible goal-directed actions, and were insensitive to the change in outcome value on subsequent action control. This behavioral deficit was not due to impairments in appropriate contingency awareness, as all groups rated the devalued food outcome as less pleasant after devaluation. A lack of control over actions may underlie persistent and habitual actions in anxiety-inducing contexts typical in both ASD and SAD, such as avoidance and safety behaviors. Using a translational behavioral paradigm, this study demonstrated that individuals with ASD are unable to use changes in the environment to flexibly update their behavior in the same context. This reduced behavioral control may underlie persistence of intrusive actions and restricted inflexible cognition, representing a specific area for targeted behavioral interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1613 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298
in Autism Research > 9-12 (December 2016) . - p.1285-1293[article] Reduced goal-directed action control in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Bernard W. BALLEINE, Auteur ; Lisa WHITTLE, Auteur ; Adam J. GUASTELLA, Auteur . - p.1285-1293.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 9-12 (December 2016) . - p.1285-1293
Mots-clés : goal-directed behavior habits behavioral neuroscience action control outcome devaluation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions associated with persistent, stereotyped or repetitive actions, and patterns of interest that are maintained in spite of possible negative outcomes. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether impairments in the ability to execute flexible goal-directed actions may be an underlying feature in ASD contributing to these symptoms. Young adults diagnosed with ASD were recruited along with controls and adults with social anxiety disorder (SAD). Participants were trained to make keyboard actions for food outcomes and then subsequently allowed to consume one outcome till satiety. As expected, this outcome devaluation procedure reduced subsequent responding for actions predicting the devalued outcome, while maintaining responding on the other still-valued action, in controls. However, both ASD and SAD participants were unable to demonstrate flexible goal-directed actions, and were insensitive to the change in outcome value on subsequent action control. This behavioral deficit was not due to impairments in appropriate contingency awareness, as all groups rated the devalued food outcome as less pleasant after devaluation. A lack of control over actions may underlie persistent and habitual actions in anxiety-inducing contexts typical in both ASD and SAD, such as avoidance and safety behaviors. Using a translational behavioral paradigm, this study demonstrated that individuals with ASD are unable to use changes in the environment to flexibly update their behavior in the same context. This reduced behavioral control may underlie persistence of intrusive actions and restricted inflexible cognition, representing a specific area for targeted behavioral interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1613 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298