Dépouillements

Rethinking autism spectrum disorder assessment for children during COVID-19 and beyond / Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2251-2259 Titre : Rethinking autism spectrum disorder assessment for children during COVID-19 and beyond Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Somer L. BISHOP, Auteur ; W. L. STONE, Auteur ; L. IBANEZ, Auteur ; Alycia K. HALLADAY, Auteur ; S. GOLDMAN, Auteur ; A. KELLY, Auteur ; C. KLAIMAN, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; M. MILLER, Auteur ; Celine A. SAULNIER, Auteur ; P. SIPER, Auteur ; K. SOHL, Auteur ; Zachary WARREN, Auteur ; Amy M. WETHERBY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2251-2259 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder  Covid-19  Child  Humans  Pandemics  SARS-CoV-2  assessment  autism  challenges  children  diagnosis  disparities  pandemic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unique challenges for families and caregivers, as well as for autism-focused clinicians, who are faced with providing a thorough and accurate evaluation of children's specific needs and diagnoses in the absence of in-person assessment tools. The shift to telehealth assessments has challenged clinicians to reconsider approaches and assumptions that underlie the diagnostic assessment process, and to adopt new ways of individualizing standard assessments according to family and child needs. Mandates for physical distancing have uncovered deficiencies in diagnostic practices for suspected autism and have illuminated biases that have posed obstacles preventing children and families from receiving the services that they truly need. This Commentary outlines several considerations for improving diagnostic practices as we move forward from the current pandemic and continue to strive to build an adaptable, sustainable, equitable, and family-centered system of care. LAY SUMMARY: Physical distancing and the abrupt end to in-person services for many children on the autism spectrum has forced clinicians to examine the existing challenges with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnostic assessment and consider things they want to keep and things that should be changed in the years ahead. New approaches such as telehealth both alleviated and exacerbated existing disparities, and brought into stark focus the importance of equitable and timely access to family-centered care. This commentary suggests ways of improving clinical practices related to ASD assessment to continue along this path. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2615 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Rethinking autism spectrum disorder assessment for children during COVID-19 and beyond [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Somer L. BISHOP, Auteur ; W. L. STONE, Auteur ; L. IBANEZ, Auteur ; Alycia K. HALLADAY, Auteur ; S. GOLDMAN, Auteur ; A. KELLY, Auteur ; C. KLAIMAN, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; M. MILLER, Auteur ; Celine A. SAULNIER, Auteur ; P. SIPER, Auteur ; K. SOHL, Auteur ; Zachary WARREN, Auteur ; Amy M. WETHERBY, Auteur . - p.2251-2259. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2251-2259 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder  Covid-19  Child  Humans  Pandemics  SARS-CoV-2  assessment  autism  challenges  children  diagnosis  disparities  pandemic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unique challenges for families and caregivers, as well as for autism-focused clinicians, who are faced with providing a thorough and accurate evaluation of children's specific needs and diagnoses in the absence of in-person assessment tools. The shift to telehealth assessments has challenged clinicians to reconsider approaches and assumptions that underlie the diagnostic assessment process, and to adopt new ways of individualizing standard assessments according to family and child needs. Mandates for physical distancing have uncovered deficiencies in diagnostic practices for suspected autism and have illuminated biases that have posed obstacles preventing children and families from receiving the services that they truly need. This Commentary outlines several considerations for improving diagnostic practices as we move forward from the current pandemic and continue to strive to build an adaptable, sustainable, equitable, and family-centered system of care. LAY SUMMARY: Physical distancing and the abrupt end to in-person services for many children on the autism spectrum has forced clinicians to examine the existing challenges with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnostic assessment and consider things they want to keep and things that should be changed in the years ahead. New approaches such as telehealth both alleviated and exacerbated existing disparities, and brought into stark focus the importance of equitable and timely access to family-centered care. This commentary suggests ways of improving clinical practices related to ASD assessment to continue along this path. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2615 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Facial asymmetry in parents of children on the autism spectrum / D. W. TAN in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2260-2269 Titre : Facial asymmetry in parents of children on the autism spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. W. TAN, Auteur ; S. Z. GILANI, Auteur ; Maryam BOUTRUS, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; A. MIAN, Auteur ; D. SUTER, Auteur ; M. T. MAYBERY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2260-2269 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging  Autistic Disorder  Child  Face/diagnostic imaging  Facial Asymmetry  Female  Humans  Middle Aged  Parents  autism spectrum disorder  broad autism phenotype  facial asymmetry  facial morphology  heritability  neurodevelopment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Greater facial asymmetry has been consistently found in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) relative to children without ASD. There is substantial evidence that both facial structure and the recurrence of ASD diagnosis are highly heritable within a nuclear family. Furthermore, sub-clinical levels of autistic-like behavioural characteristics have also been reported in first-degree relatives of individuals with ASD, commonly known as the 'broad autism phenotype'. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine whether a broad autism phenotype expresses as facial asymmetry among 192 biological parents of autistic individuals (134 mothers) compared to those of 163 age-matched adults without a family history of ASD (113 females). Using dense surface-modelling techniques on three dimensional facial images, we found evidence for greater facial asymmetry in parents of autistic individuals compared to age-matched adults in the comparison group (p =?0.046, d =?0.21 [0.002, 0.42]). Considering previous findings and the current results, we conclude that facial asymmetry expressed in the facial morphology of autistic children may be related to heritability factors. LAY ABSTRACT: In a previous study, we showed that autistic children presented with greater facial asymmetry than non-autistic children. In the current study, we examined the amount of facial asymmetry shown on three-dimensional facial images of 192 parents of autistic children compared to a control group consisting of 163 similarly aged adults with no known history of autism. Although parents did show greater levels of facial asymmetry than those in the control group, this effect is statistically small. We concluded that the facial asymmetry previously found in autistic children may be related to genetic factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2612 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Facial asymmetry in parents of children on the autism spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. W. TAN, Auteur ; S. Z. GILANI, Auteur ; Maryam BOUTRUS, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; A. MIAN, Auteur ; D. SUTER, Auteur ; M. T. MAYBERY, Auteur . - p.2260-2269. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2260-2269 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging  Autistic Disorder  Child  Face/diagnostic imaging  Facial Asymmetry  Female  Humans  Middle Aged  Parents  autism spectrum disorder  broad autism phenotype  facial asymmetry  facial morphology  heritability  neurodevelopment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Greater facial asymmetry has been consistently found in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) relative to children without ASD. There is substantial evidence that both facial structure and the recurrence of ASD diagnosis are highly heritable within a nuclear family. Furthermore, sub-clinical levels of autistic-like behavioural characteristics have also been reported in first-degree relatives of individuals with ASD, commonly known as the 'broad autism phenotype'. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine whether a broad autism phenotype expresses as facial asymmetry among 192 biological parents of autistic individuals (134 mothers) compared to those of 163 age-matched adults without a family history of ASD (113 females). Using dense surface-modelling techniques on three dimensional facial images, we found evidence for greater facial asymmetry in parents of autistic individuals compared to age-matched adults in the comparison group (p =?0.046, d =?0.21 [0.002, 0.42]). Considering previous findings and the current results, we conclude that facial asymmetry expressed in the facial morphology of autistic children may be related to heritability factors. LAY ABSTRACT: In a previous study, we showed that autistic children presented with greater facial asymmetry than non-autistic children. In the current study, we examined the amount of facial asymmetry shown on three-dimensional facial images of 192 parents of autistic children compared to a control group consisting of 163 similarly aged adults with no known history of autism. Although parents did show greater levels of facial asymmetry than those in the control group, this effect is statistically small. We concluded that the facial asymmetry previously found in autistic children may be related to genetic factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2612 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Vinpocetine amended prenatal valproic acid induced features of ASD possibly by altering markers of neuronal function, inflammation, and oxidative stress / K. LUHACH in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2270-2286 Titre : Vinpocetine amended prenatal valproic acid induced features of ASD possibly by altering markers of neuronal function, inflammation, and oxidative stress Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. LUHACH, Auteur ; G. T. KULKARNI, Auteur ; V. P. SINGH, Auteur ; B. SHARMA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2270-2286 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Animals  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Behavior, Animal  Biomarkers  Disease Models, Animal  Doublecortin Protein  Female  Inflammation  Oxidative Stress  Pregnancy  Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects  Rats  Rats, Wistar  Valproic Acid  Vinca Alkaloids  Bdnf  doublecortin  phosphodiesterase  synapsin-IIa  valproic acid  vinpocetine Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with complex etiology and phenotypes. Phosphodiesterase-1 (PDE1) inhibitors are known to provide benefits in various brain conditions manifesting similar behavioral phenotypes. The pharmacological consequences of vinpocetine administration a PDE1 inhibitor in prenatal-valproic acid (pre-VPA) induced ASD related behavioral phenotypes (social behavior deficits, repetitive behavior, anxiety, hyperlocomotion, and nociception) was assessed. Also, effects on important biochemical markers of neuronal function (DCX-neurogenesis, BDNF-neuronal survival, synapsin-IIa-synaptic transmission, pCREB-neuronal transcription factor), inflammation (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-10, and TNF-?) and oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance [TBARS] and glutathione (GSH) were studied in important brain areas (frontal cortex, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and striatum). Further, neuronal cell viability was determined in dentate gyrus using Nissl staining. Pre-VPA administration resulted into impaired behavior, brain biochemistry, and neuronal cell viability. Administration of vinpocetine resulted in improvements of pre-VPA impaired social behavior, repetitive behavior, anxiety, locomotion, and nociception. Also, vinpocetine resulted in a significant increase in the levels of BDNF, synapsin-IIa, DCX, pCREB/CREB, IL-10, and GSH along with significant decrease in TNF-?, IL-6, TBARS, number of pyknotic and chromatolytic cells in different brain areas of pre-VPA group. Finally, high association between behavioral parameters and biochemical parameters was observed upon Pearson's correlation analysis. Vinpocetine, a PDE1 inhibitor rectified important behavioral phenotypes related with ASD, possibly by improving neuronal function, brain inflammation and brain oxidative stress. Thus, PDE1 may be a possible target for further understanding ASD. LAY SUMMARY: ASD is a brain developmental disorder with a wide array of genetic and environmental factors. Many targets have been identified till date, but a clinical treatment is still afar. The results of this study indicate that vinpocetine administration resulted in amelioration of ASD associated symptomatology in rats, prenatally exposed to VPA. Our research adds a widely expressed brain enzyme PDE1, as a possible novel pharmacological target and opens-up a new line of enquiry for ASD treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2597 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Vinpocetine amended prenatal valproic acid induced features of ASD possibly by altering markers of neuronal function, inflammation, and oxidative stress [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. LUHACH, Auteur ; G. T. KULKARNI, Auteur ; V. P. SINGH, Auteur ; B. SHARMA, Auteur . - p.2270-2286. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2270-2286 Mots-clés : Animals  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Behavior, Animal  Biomarkers  Disease Models, Animal  Doublecortin Protein  Female  Inflammation  Oxidative Stress  Pregnancy  Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects  Rats  Rats, Wistar  Valproic Acid  Vinca Alkaloids  Bdnf  doublecortin  phosphodiesterase  synapsin-IIa  valproic acid  vinpocetine Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with complex etiology and phenotypes. Phosphodiesterase-1 (PDE1) inhibitors are known to provide benefits in various brain conditions manifesting similar behavioral phenotypes. The pharmacological consequences of vinpocetine administration a PDE1 inhibitor in prenatal-valproic acid (pre-VPA) induced ASD related behavioral phenotypes (social behavior deficits, repetitive behavior, anxiety, hyperlocomotion, and nociception) was assessed. Also, effects on important biochemical markers of neuronal function (DCX-neurogenesis, BDNF-neuronal survival, synapsin-IIa-synaptic transmission, pCREB-neuronal transcription factor), inflammation (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-10, and TNF-?) and oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance [TBARS] and glutathione (GSH) were studied in important brain areas (frontal cortex, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and striatum). Further, neuronal cell viability was determined in dentate gyrus using Nissl staining. Pre-VPA administration resulted into impaired behavior, brain biochemistry, and neuronal cell viability. Administration of vinpocetine resulted in improvements of pre-VPA impaired social behavior, repetitive behavior, anxiety, locomotion, and nociception. Also, vinpocetine resulted in a significant increase in the levels of BDNF, synapsin-IIa, DCX, pCREB/CREB, IL-10, and GSH along with significant decrease in TNF-?, IL-6, TBARS, number of pyknotic and chromatolytic cells in different brain areas of pre-VPA group. Finally, high association between behavioral parameters and biochemical parameters was observed upon Pearson's correlation analysis. Vinpocetine, a PDE1 inhibitor rectified important behavioral phenotypes related with ASD, possibly by improving neuronal function, brain inflammation and brain oxidative stress. Thus, PDE1 may be a possible target for further understanding ASD. LAY SUMMARY: ASD is a brain developmental disorder with a wide array of genetic and environmental factors. Many targets have been identified till date, but a clinical treatment is still afar. The results of this study indicate that vinpocetine administration resulted in amelioration of ASD associated symptomatology in rats, prenatally exposed to VPA. Our research adds a widely expressed brain enzyme PDE1, as a possible novel pharmacological target and opens-up a new line of enquiry for ASD treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2597 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

An amygdala-centered hyper-connectivity signature of threatening face processing predicts anxiety in youths with autism spectrum conditions / Y. C. CHEN in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2287-2299 Titre : An amygdala-centered hyper-connectivity signature of threatening face processing predicts anxiety in youths with autism spectrum conditions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Y. C. CHEN, Auteur ; C. CHEN, Auteur ; R. M. MARTÍNEZ, Auteur ; Y. T. FAN, Auteur ; C. C. LIU, Auteur ; C. Y. CHEN, Auteur ; Y. CHENG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2287-2299 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Amygdala/diagnostic imaging  Anxiety/complications  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/diagnostic imaging  Autistic Disorder  Case-Control Studies  Facial Recognition  Humans  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  amygdala  autism spectrum condition (ASC)  explicit  implicit  threat Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety is exceedingly prevalent among individuals with an autism spectrum condition (ASC). While recent literature postulates anxiety as a mechanism encompassing an underlying amygdala-related elevated baseline level of arousal even to nonthreatening cues, whether this same mechanism contributes to anxiety in those with an ASC and supports the transdiagnostic nature of anxiety remains elusive. In this case-control study of 51 youths (26 ASC), we assessed autism and anxiety via the Autism-Spectrum Quotient and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, respectively. Hemodynamic responses, including amygdala reactivity, to explicit and implicit (backwardly masked) perception of threatening faces were acquired using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). For explicit fear, ASC individuals showed significantly greater negative correlations between the amygdala and the attentional deployment-parietal network. For implicit fear, ASC individuals showed significantly stronger correlations of the amygdala with the prefrontal networks, temporal pole, and hippocampus. Additionally, an fMRI-based neurologic signature for anxiety in ASCs was identified via the LibSVM machine learning model using amygdala-centered functional connectivity during the emotional processing of explicit and implicit stimuli. Hypervigilance to implicit threat in ASCs comorbid with anxiety might exacerbate explicit threat reactivity; hence the use of attentional avoidance patterns to restrict affective hyperarousal for explicitly perceived socioemotional stimuli. Consequently, developing an attention-independent behavioral/neural marker identifying anxiety in ASCs is highly warranted. LAY SUMMARY: This study identifies a dissociation of amygdala reactivity dependent on explicit and implicit threat processing. Implicit anxiety in individuals with an autism spectrum condition (ASC) could outweigh explicitly induced threat. When explicitly perceiving socioemotional stimuli, ASC individuals with anxiety might use attentional avoidance patterns to restrict affective hyperarousal. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2595 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] An amygdala-centered hyper-connectivity signature of threatening face processing predicts anxiety in youths with autism spectrum conditions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Y. C. CHEN, Auteur ; C. CHEN, Auteur ; R. M. MARTÍNEZ, Auteur ; Y. T. FAN, Auteur ; C. C. LIU, Auteur ; C. Y. CHEN, Auteur ; Y. CHENG, Auteur . - p.2287-2299. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2287-2299 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Amygdala/diagnostic imaging  Anxiety/complications  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/diagnostic imaging  Autistic Disorder  Case-Control Studies  Facial Recognition  Humans  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  amygdala  autism spectrum condition (ASC)  explicit  implicit  threat Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety is exceedingly prevalent among individuals with an autism spectrum condition (ASC). While recent literature postulates anxiety as a mechanism encompassing an underlying amygdala-related elevated baseline level of arousal even to nonthreatening cues, whether this same mechanism contributes to anxiety in those with an ASC and supports the transdiagnostic nature of anxiety remains elusive. In this case-control study of 51 youths (26 ASC), we assessed autism and anxiety via the Autism-Spectrum Quotient and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, respectively. Hemodynamic responses, including amygdala reactivity, to explicit and implicit (backwardly masked) perception of threatening faces were acquired using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). For explicit fear, ASC individuals showed significantly greater negative correlations between the amygdala and the attentional deployment-parietal network. For implicit fear, ASC individuals showed significantly stronger correlations of the amygdala with the prefrontal networks, temporal pole, and hippocampus. Additionally, an fMRI-based neurologic signature for anxiety in ASCs was identified via the LibSVM machine learning model using amygdala-centered functional connectivity during the emotional processing of explicit and implicit stimuli. Hypervigilance to implicit threat in ASCs comorbid with anxiety might exacerbate explicit threat reactivity; hence the use of attentional avoidance patterns to restrict affective hyperarousal for explicitly perceived socioemotional stimuli. Consequently, developing an attention-independent behavioral/neural marker identifying anxiety in ASCs is highly warranted. LAY SUMMARY: This study identifies a dissociation of amygdala reactivity dependent on explicit and implicit threat processing. Implicit anxiety in individuals with an autism spectrum condition (ASC) could outweigh explicitly induced threat. When explicitly perceiving socioemotional stimuli, ASC individuals with anxiety might use attentional avoidance patterns to restrict affective hyperarousal. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2595 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

The cerebellum is linked to theory of mind alterations in autism. A direct clinical and MRI comparison between individuals with autism and cerebellar neurodegenerative pathologies / S. CLAUSI in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2300-2313 Titre : The cerebellum is linked to theory of mind alterations in autism. A direct clinical and MRI comparison between individuals with autism and cerebellar neurodegenerative pathologies Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. CLAUSI, Auteur ; G. OLIVITO, Auteur ; L. SICILIANO, Auteur ; M. LUPO, Auteur ; F. LAGHI, Auteur ; R. BAIOCCO, Auteur ; M. LEGGIO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2300-2313 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging  Autistic Disorder  Cerebellum/diagnostic imaging  Humans  Language  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Theory of Mind  cerebellar degenerative disease  cerebellar structural changes  mentalizing  neurodevelopmental disorder  voxel-based morphometry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In recent years, structural and functional alterations in the cerebellum have been reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Intriguingly, recent studies demonstrated that the social behavioral profile of individuals with cerebellar pathologies is characterized by a theory of mind (ToM) impairment, one of the main behavioral hallmarks of ASD. The aim of the present study was to compare ToM abilities and underlying cerebello-cortical structural patterns between ASD individuals and individuals with cerebellar atrophy to further specify the cerebellar role in mentalizing alterations in ASD. Twenty-one adults with ASD without language and intellectual impairments (based on DSM-5), 36 individuals affected by degenerative cerebellar damage (CB), and 67 healthy participants were enrolled in the study. ToM abilities were assessed using the reading the mind in the eyes test and the faux pas test. One-way ANCOVA was conducted to compare the performances between the two cohorts. Three-dimensional T1-weighted magnetic resonance scans were collected, and a voxel-based morphometry analysis was performed to characterize the brain structural alterations in the two cohorts. ASD and CB participants had comparable ToM performance with similar difficulties in both the tests. CB and ASD participants showed an overlapping pattern of gray matter (GM) reduction in a specific cerebellar portion (Crus-II). Our study provides the first direct comparison of ToM abilities between ASD and CB individuals, boosting the idea that specific cerebellar structural alterations impact the mentalizing process. The present findings open a new perspective for considering the cerebellum as a potential target for treatment implementation. The present work will critically advance current knowledge about the cerebellar role in ToM alterations of ASD, in particular, elucidating the presence of common cerebellar structural abnormalities in ASD and cerebellar individuals that may underlie specific mentalizing alterations. These findings may pave the way for alternative therapeutic indications, such as cerebellar neuromodulation, with a strong clinical impact. LAY SUMMARY: The present work will critically advance current knowledge about the cerebellar role in theory of mind alterations of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), in particular, elucidating the presence of common cerebellar structural abnormalities in ASD and cerebellar individuals that may underlie specific mentalizing alterations. These findings may pave the way for alternative therapeutic indications, such as cerebellar neuromodulation, with a strong clinical impact. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2593 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] The cerebellum is linked to theory of mind alterations in autism. A direct clinical and MRI comparison between individuals with autism and cerebellar neurodegenerative pathologies [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. CLAUSI, Auteur ; G. OLIVITO, Auteur ; L. SICILIANO, Auteur ; M. LUPO, Auteur ; F. LAGHI, Auteur ; R. BAIOCCO, Auteur ; M. LEGGIO, Auteur . - p.2300-2313. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2300-2313 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging  Autistic Disorder  Cerebellum/diagnostic imaging  Humans  Language  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Theory of Mind  cerebellar degenerative disease  cerebellar structural changes  mentalizing  neurodevelopmental disorder  voxel-based morphometry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In recent years, structural and functional alterations in the cerebellum have been reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Intriguingly, recent studies demonstrated that the social behavioral profile of individuals with cerebellar pathologies is characterized by a theory of mind (ToM) impairment, one of the main behavioral hallmarks of ASD. The aim of the present study was to compare ToM abilities and underlying cerebello-cortical structural patterns between ASD individuals and individuals with cerebellar atrophy to further specify the cerebellar role in mentalizing alterations in ASD. Twenty-one adults with ASD without language and intellectual impairments (based on DSM-5), 36 individuals affected by degenerative cerebellar damage (CB), and 67 healthy participants were enrolled in the study. ToM abilities were assessed using the reading the mind in the eyes test and the faux pas test. One-way ANCOVA was conducted to compare the performances between the two cohorts. Three-dimensional T1-weighted magnetic resonance scans were collected, and a voxel-based morphometry analysis was performed to characterize the brain structural alterations in the two cohorts. ASD and CB participants had comparable ToM performance with similar difficulties in both the tests. CB and ASD participants showed an overlapping pattern of gray matter (GM) reduction in a specific cerebellar portion (Crus-II). Our study provides the first direct comparison of ToM abilities between ASD and CB individuals, boosting the idea that specific cerebellar structural alterations impact the mentalizing process. The present findings open a new perspective for considering the cerebellum as a potential target for treatment implementation. The present work will critically advance current knowledge about the cerebellar role in ToM alterations of ASD, in particular, elucidating the presence of common cerebellar structural abnormalities in ASD and cerebellar individuals that may underlie specific mentalizing alterations. These findings may pave the way for alternative therapeutic indications, such as cerebellar neuromodulation, with a strong clinical impact. LAY SUMMARY: The present work will critically advance current knowledge about the cerebellar role in theory of mind alterations of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), in particular, elucidating the presence of common cerebellar structural abnormalities in ASD and cerebellar individuals that may underlie specific mentalizing alterations. These findings may pave the way for alternative therapeutic indications, such as cerebellar neuromodulation, with a strong clinical impact. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2593 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Overconnectivity of the right Heschl's and inferior temporal gyrus correlates with symptom severity in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder / D. KIM in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2314-2329 Titre : Overconnectivity of the right Heschl's and inferior temporal gyrus correlates with symptom severity in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. KIM, Auteur ; J. Y. LEE, Auteur ; B. C. JEONG, Auteur ; J. H. AHN, Auteur ; J. I. KIM, Auteur ; E. S. LEE, Auteur ; H. KIM, Auteur ; H. J. LEE, Auteur ; C. E. HAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2314-2329 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging  Brain/diagnostic imaging  Brain Mapping  Child  Child, Preschool  Humans  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Neural Pathways/diagnostic imaging  Temporal Lobe/diagnostic imaging  Heschl's gyrus  autism spectrum disorder  brain networks  diffusion tensor imaging  graph theory  overconnectivity  preschool children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies have reported varying findings regarding the association of brain connectivity in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with overconnectivity, underconnectivity, or both. Despite the emerging understanding that ASD is a developmental disconnection syndrome, very little is known about structural brain networks in preschool-aged children with low-functioning ASD. We aimed to investigate the structural brain connectivity of low-functioning ASD using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and graph theory to examine alterations in different brain network topologies and identify any correlations with the clinical severity of ASD in preschool-aged children. Fifty-two preschool-aged children (28 with ASD and 24 with typical development) were included in the analysis. Graph-based network analysis was performed to examine the global and local structural brain networks. Nodal network measures exhibited increased nodal strength in the right Heschl's gyrus, which was positively associated with all autistic clinical symptoms (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and Childhood Autism Rating Scale [CARS]). The nodal strength of the right inferior temporal gyrus showed a moderate correlation with the CARS score. Using network-based statistics, we identified a subnetwork with increased connections encompassing the right Heschl's gyrus and the right inferior temporal gyrus in preschool-aged children with ASD. The asymmetric value in the inferior temporal gyrus exhibited right dominance of nodal strength in children with ASD compared to that in typically developing children. Our findings support the theory of aberrant brain growth and overconnectivity as the underlying mechanism of ASD and provides new insights into potential regional biomarkers that can detect low-functioning ASD in preschool-aged children. LAY SUMMARY: This study supports the theory of aberrant brain growth and overconnectivity as an explanation for ASD. Measuring the right HG and inferior temporal gyrus provides new insights of potential regional biomarkers underpinning ASD in preschool-aged children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2609 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Overconnectivity of the right Heschl's and inferior temporal gyrus correlates with symptom severity in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. KIM, Auteur ; J. Y. LEE, Auteur ; B. C. JEONG, Auteur ; J. H. AHN, Auteur ; J. I. KIM, Auteur ; E. S. LEE, Auteur ; H. KIM, Auteur ; H. J. LEE, Auteur ; C. E. HAN, Auteur . - p.2314-2329. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2314-2329 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging  Brain/diagnostic imaging  Brain Mapping  Child  Child, Preschool  Humans  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Neural Pathways/diagnostic imaging  Temporal Lobe/diagnostic imaging  Heschl's gyrus  autism spectrum disorder  brain networks  diffusion tensor imaging  graph theory  overconnectivity  preschool children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies have reported varying findings regarding the association of brain connectivity in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with overconnectivity, underconnectivity, or both. Despite the emerging understanding that ASD is a developmental disconnection syndrome, very little is known about structural brain networks in preschool-aged children with low-functioning ASD. We aimed to investigate the structural brain connectivity of low-functioning ASD using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and graph theory to examine alterations in different brain network topologies and identify any correlations with the clinical severity of ASD in preschool-aged children. Fifty-two preschool-aged children (28 with ASD and 24 with typical development) were included in the analysis. Graph-based network analysis was performed to examine the global and local structural brain networks. Nodal network measures exhibited increased nodal strength in the right Heschl's gyrus, which was positively associated with all autistic clinical symptoms (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and Childhood Autism Rating Scale [CARS]). The nodal strength of the right inferior temporal gyrus showed a moderate correlation with the CARS score. Using network-based statistics, we identified a subnetwork with increased connections encompassing the right Heschl's gyrus and the right inferior temporal gyrus in preschool-aged children with ASD. The asymmetric value in the inferior temporal gyrus exhibited right dominance of nodal strength in children with ASD compared to that in typically developing children. Our findings support the theory of aberrant brain growth and overconnectivity as the underlying mechanism of ASD and provides new insights into potential regional biomarkers that can detect low-functioning ASD in preschool-aged children. LAY SUMMARY: This study supports the theory of aberrant brain growth and overconnectivity as an explanation for ASD. Measuring the right HG and inferior temporal gyrus provides new insights of potential regional biomarkers underpinning ASD in preschool-aged children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2609 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Tumor necrosis factor-? expression aberration of M1/M2 macrophages in adult high-functioning autism spectrum disorder / T. YAMAUCHI in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2330-2341 Titre : Tumor necrosis factor-? expression aberration of M1/M2 macrophages in adult high-functioning autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : T. YAMAUCHI, Auteur ; M. MAKINODAN, Auteur ; M. TORITSUKA, Auteur ; K. OKUMURA, Auteur ; Y. KAYASHIMA, Auteur ; R. ISHIDA, Auteur ; N. KISHIMOTO, Auteur ; M. TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; T. KOMORI, Auteur ; Y. YAMAGUCHI, Auteur ; R. TAKADA, Auteur ; K. YAMAMURO, Auteur ; S. KIMOTO, Auteur ; Y. YASUDA, Auteur ; R. HASHIMOTO, Auteur ; T. KISHIMOTO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2330-2341 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Cytokines  Humans  Macrophages  Monocytes  Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha  Tnf-?  diagnosis  inflammation  macrophage  monocyte Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex, and its pathobiology is characterized by enhanced inflammatory activities; however, the precise pathobiology and underlying causes of ASD remain unclear. This study was performed to identify inflammatory indicators useful for diagnosing ASD. The mRNA expression of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?), was measured in cultured M1 and M2 macrophages from patients with ASD (n = 29) and typically developed (TD) individuals (n = 30). Additionally, TNF-? expression in the monocytes of patients with ASD (n = 7), showing aberrations in TNF-? expression in M1/M2 macrophages and TD individuals (n = 6), was measured. TNF-? expression in M1 macrophages and the TNF-? expression ratio in M1/M2 macrophages were markedly higher in patients with ASD than in TD individuals; however, this increase was not observed in M2 macrophages (M1: sensitivity = 34.5%, specificity = 96.7%, area under the curve = 0.74, positive likelihood ratio = 10.34; ratio of M1/M2: sensitivity = 55.2%, specificity = 96.7%, area under the curve = 0.79, positive likelihood ratio = 16.55). Additionally, TNF-? expression in monocytes did not significantly differ between patients with ASD and TD individuals. In conclusion, further studies on TNF-? expression in cultured macrophages may improve the understanding of ASD pathobiology. LAY SUMMARY: TNF-? expression in differentiated M1 macrophages and TNF-? expression ratio in differentiated M1/M2 macrophages were markedly higher in patients with ASD than in TD individuals, while no difference in TNF-? expression was found in pre-differentiation cells such as monocytes. These measurements allow elucidation of the novel pathobiology of ASD and can contribute to biomarker implementation for the diagnosis of adult high-functioning ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2585 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Tumor necrosis factor-? expression aberration of M1/M2 macrophages in adult high-functioning autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / T. YAMAUCHI, Auteur ; M. MAKINODAN, Auteur ; M. TORITSUKA, Auteur ; K. OKUMURA, Auteur ; Y. KAYASHIMA, Auteur ; R. ISHIDA, Auteur ; N. KISHIMOTO, Auteur ; M. TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; T. KOMORI, Auteur ; Y. YAMAGUCHI, Auteur ; R. TAKADA, Auteur ; K. YAMAMURO, Auteur ; S. KIMOTO, Auteur ; Y. YASUDA, Auteur ; R. HASHIMOTO, Auteur ; T. KISHIMOTO, Auteur . - p.2330-2341. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2330-2341 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Cytokines  Humans  Macrophages  Monocytes  Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha  Tnf-?  diagnosis  inflammation  macrophage  monocyte Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex, and its pathobiology is characterized by enhanced inflammatory activities; however, the precise pathobiology and underlying causes of ASD remain unclear. This study was performed to identify inflammatory indicators useful for diagnosing ASD. The mRNA expression of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?), was measured in cultured M1 and M2 macrophages from patients with ASD (n = 29) and typically developed (TD) individuals (n = 30). Additionally, TNF-? expression in the monocytes of patients with ASD (n = 7), showing aberrations in TNF-? expression in M1/M2 macrophages and TD individuals (n = 6), was measured. TNF-? expression in M1 macrophages and the TNF-? expression ratio in M1/M2 macrophages were markedly higher in patients with ASD than in TD individuals; however, this increase was not observed in M2 macrophages (M1: sensitivity = 34.5%, specificity = 96.7%, area under the curve = 0.74, positive likelihood ratio = 10.34; ratio of M1/M2: sensitivity = 55.2%, specificity = 96.7%, area under the curve = 0.79, positive likelihood ratio = 16.55). Additionally, TNF-? expression in monocytes did not significantly differ between patients with ASD and TD individuals. In conclusion, further studies on TNF-? expression in cultured macrophages may improve the understanding of ASD pathobiology. LAY SUMMARY: TNF-? expression in differentiated M1 macrophages and TNF-? expression ratio in differentiated M1/M2 macrophages were markedly higher in patients with ASD than in TD individuals, while no difference in TNF-? expression was found in pre-differentiation cells such as monocytes. These measurements allow elucidation of the novel pathobiology of ASD and can contribute to biomarker implementation for the diagnosis of adult high-functioning ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2585 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

The sexual health, orientation, and activity of autistic adolescents and adults / E. WEIR in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2342-2354 Titre : The sexual health, orientation, and activity of autistic adolescents and adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. WEIR, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2342-2354 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder/epidemiology  Bisexuality  Child  Female  Heterosexuality  Humans  Male  Sexual Behavior  Sexual Health  adolescents  adults  sexual activity  sexual orientation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Small studies suggest significant differences between autistic and nonautistic individuals regarding sexual orientation and behavior. We administered an anonymized, online survey to n = 2386 adults (n = 1183 autistic) aged 16-90?years to describe sexual activity, risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and sexual orientation. Autistic individuals are less likely to report sexually activity or heterosexuality compared to nonautistic individuals, but more likely to self-report asexuality or an 'other' sexuality. Overall, autistic, and nonautistic groups did not differ in age of sexual activity onset or contraction of STIs. When evaluating sex differences, autistic males are uniquely more likely to be bisexual (compared to nonautistic males); conversely, autistic females are uniquely more likely to be homosexual (compared to nonautistic females). Thus, both autistic males and females may express a wider range of sexual orientations in different sex-specific patterns than general population peers. When comparing autistic males and females directly, females are more likely to have diverse sexual orientations (except for homosexuality) and engage in sexual activity, are less likely to identify as heterosexual, and have a lower mean age at which they first begin engaging in sexual activity. This is the largest study of sexual orientation of autistic adults. Sexual education and sexual health screenings of all children, adolescents, and adults (including autistic individuals) must remain priorities; healthcare professionals should use language that affirms a diversity of sexual orientations and supports autistic individuals who may have increased risks (affecting mental health, physical health, and healthcare quality) due to stress and discrimination from this intersectionality. LAY SUMMARY: This is the largest study on the sexual activity, orientation, and health of autistic adults. This study reaffirms that the majority of autistic adults are interested in sexual relationships and engage in sexual activity. Sexual education and sexual health screenings must remain a priority for all individuals, including those with autism; healthcare professionals should be aware that autistic patients may be more likely to identify as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer, Asexual, and other identities not listed here (LGBTQA+) which may put them at greater risk of mental and physical health difficulties due to discrimination. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2604 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] The sexual health, orientation, and activity of autistic adolescents and adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. WEIR, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - p.2342-2354. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2342-2354 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder/epidemiology  Bisexuality  Child  Female  Heterosexuality  Humans  Male  Sexual Behavior  Sexual Health  adolescents  adults  sexual activity  sexual orientation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Small studies suggest significant differences between autistic and nonautistic individuals regarding sexual orientation and behavior. We administered an anonymized, online survey to n = 2386 adults (n = 1183 autistic) aged 16-90?years to describe sexual activity, risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and sexual orientation. Autistic individuals are less likely to report sexually activity or heterosexuality compared to nonautistic individuals, but more likely to self-report asexuality or an 'other' sexuality. Overall, autistic, and nonautistic groups did not differ in age of sexual activity onset or contraction of STIs. When evaluating sex differences, autistic males are uniquely more likely to be bisexual (compared to nonautistic males); conversely, autistic females are uniquely more likely to be homosexual (compared to nonautistic females). Thus, both autistic males and females may express a wider range of sexual orientations in different sex-specific patterns than general population peers. When comparing autistic males and females directly, females are more likely to have diverse sexual orientations (except for homosexuality) and engage in sexual activity, are less likely to identify as heterosexual, and have a lower mean age at which they first begin engaging in sexual activity. This is the largest study of sexual orientation of autistic adults. Sexual education and sexual health screenings of all children, adolescents, and adults (including autistic individuals) must remain priorities; healthcare professionals should use language that affirms a diversity of sexual orientations and supports autistic individuals who may have increased risks (affecting mental health, physical health, and healthcare quality) due to stress and discrimination from this intersectionality. LAY SUMMARY: This is the largest study on the sexual activity, orientation, and health of autistic adults. This study reaffirms that the majority of autistic adults are interested in sexual relationships and engage in sexual activity. Sexual education and sexual health screenings must remain a priority for all individuals, including those with autism; healthcare professionals should be aware that autistic patients may be more likely to identify as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer, Asexual, and other identities not listed here (LGBTQA+) which may put them at greater risk of mental and physical health difficulties due to discrimination. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2604 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder are impaired in absolute but not relative pitch and duration matching in speech and song imitation / L. WANG in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2355-2372 Titre : Individuals with autism spectrum disorder are impaired in absolute but not relative pitch and duration matching in speech and song imitation Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. WANG, Auteur ; P. Q. PFORDRESHER, Auteur ; C. JIANG, Auteur ; F. LIU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2355-2372 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Child  Humans  Imitative Behavior  Singing  Speech  Voice  Asd  duration  pitch  song  speech  vocal imitation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit atypical imitation. However, few studies have identified clear quantitative characteristics of vocal imitation in ASD. This study investigated imitation of speech and song in English-speaking individuals with and without ASD and its modulation by age. Participants consisted of 25 autistic children and 19 autistic adults, who were compared to 25 children and 19 adults with typical development matched on age, gender, musical training, and cognitive abilities. The task required participants to imitate speech and song stimuli with varying pitch and duration patterns. Acoustic analyses of the imitation performance suggested that individuals with ASD were worse than controls on absolute pitch and duration matching for both speech and song imitation, although they performed as well as controls on relative pitch and duration matching. Furthermore, the two groups produced similar numbers of pitch contour, pitch interval-, and time errors. Across both groups, sung pitch was imitated more accurately than spoken pitch, whereas spoken duration was imitated more accurately than sung duration. Children imitated spoken pitch more accurately than adults when it came to speech stimuli, whereas age showed no significant relationship to song imitation. These results reveal a vocal imitation deficit across speech and music domains in ASD that is specific to absolute pitch and duration matching. This finding provides evidence for shared mechanisms between speech and song imitation, which involves independent implementation of relative versus absolute features. LAY SUMMARY: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit atypical imitation of actions and gestures. Characteristics of vocal imitation in ASD remain unclear. By comparing speech and song imitation, this study shows that individuals with ASD have a vocal imitative deficit that is specific to absolute pitch and duration matching, while performing as well as controls on relative pitch and duration matching, across speech and music domains. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2569 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Individuals with autism spectrum disorder are impaired in absolute but not relative pitch and duration matching in speech and song imitation [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. WANG, Auteur ; P. Q. PFORDRESHER, Auteur ; C. JIANG, Auteur ; F. LIU, Auteur . - p.2355-2372. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2355-2372 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Child  Humans  Imitative Behavior  Singing  Speech  Voice  Asd  duration  pitch  song  speech  vocal imitation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit atypical imitation. However, few studies have identified clear quantitative characteristics of vocal imitation in ASD. This study investigated imitation of speech and song in English-speaking individuals with and without ASD and its modulation by age. Participants consisted of 25 autistic children and 19 autistic adults, who were compared to 25 children and 19 adults with typical development matched on age, gender, musical training, and cognitive abilities. The task required participants to imitate speech and song stimuli with varying pitch and duration patterns. Acoustic analyses of the imitation performance suggested that individuals with ASD were worse than controls on absolute pitch and duration matching for both speech and song imitation, although they performed as well as controls on relative pitch and duration matching. Furthermore, the two groups produced similar numbers of pitch contour, pitch interval-, and time errors. Across both groups, sung pitch was imitated more accurately than spoken pitch, whereas spoken duration was imitated more accurately than sung duration. Children imitated spoken pitch more accurately than adults when it came to speech stimuli, whereas age showed no significant relationship to song imitation. These results reveal a vocal imitation deficit across speech and music domains in ASD that is specific to absolute pitch and duration matching. This finding provides evidence for shared mechanisms between speech and song imitation, which involves independent implementation of relative versus absolute features. LAY SUMMARY: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit atypical imitation of actions and gestures. Characteristics of vocal imitation in ASD remain unclear. By comparing speech and song imitation, this study shows that individuals with ASD have a vocal imitative deficit that is specific to absolute pitch and duration matching, while performing as well as controls on relative pitch and duration matching, across speech and music domains. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2569 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Discriminant value of repetitive behaviors in families with autism spectrum disorder and obsessional compulsive disorder probands / A. LEFEBVRE in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2373-2382 Titre : Discriminant value of repetitive behaviors in families with autism spectrum disorder and obsessional compulsive disorder probands Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. LEFEBVRE, Auteur ; A. COHEN, Auteur ; A. MARUANI, Auteur ; Frédérique AMSELLEM, Auteur ; Anita BEGGIATO, Auteur ; Anouck AMESTOY, Auteur ; M. L. MOAL, Auteur ; D. UMBRICHT, Auteur ; Christopher H. CHATHAM, Auteur ; L. MURTAGH, Auteur ; Manuel P. BOUVARD, Auteur ; M. LEBOYER, Auteur ; Thomas BOURGERON, Auteur ; R. DELORME, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2373-2382 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/genetics  Cognition  Humans  Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/genetics  habits  heritability  neurodevelopment  phenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Repetitive behaviors (RB) represent a wide spectrum of symptoms ranging from sensory-motor stereotypies to complex cognitive rituals, frequently dichotomized as low- and high-order sub-groups of symptoms. Even though these subgroups are considered as phenomenologically distinct in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), brain imaging and genetic studies suggest that they have common mechanisms and pathways. This discrepancy may be explained by the frequent intellectual disability reported in ASD, which blurs the RB expressivity. Given the high heritability of RB, that is, the diversity of symptoms expressed in the relatives are dependent on those expressed in their probands, we hypothesize that if RB expressed in ASD or OCD are two distinct entities, then the RB expressed in relatives will also reflect these two dimensions. We thus conduct a linear discriminant analysis on RB in both the relatives of probands with ASD and OCD and subjects from the general population (n = 1023). The discriminant analysis results in a classification of 81.1% of the controls (p? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2570 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Discriminant value of repetitive behaviors in families with autism spectrum disorder and obsessional compulsive disorder probands [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. LEFEBVRE, Auteur ; A. COHEN, Auteur ; A. MARUANI, Auteur ; Frédérique AMSELLEM, Auteur ; Anita BEGGIATO, Auteur ; Anouck AMESTOY, Auteur ; M. L. MOAL, Auteur ; D. UMBRICHT, Auteur ; Christopher H. CHATHAM, Auteur ; L. MURTAGH, Auteur ; Manuel P. BOUVARD, Auteur ; M. LEBOYER, Auteur ; Thomas BOURGERON, Auteur ; R. DELORME, Auteur . - p.2373-2382. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2373-2382 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/genetics  Cognition  Humans  Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/genetics  habits  heritability  neurodevelopment  phenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Repetitive behaviors (RB) represent a wide spectrum of symptoms ranging from sensory-motor stereotypies to complex cognitive rituals, frequently dichotomized as low- and high-order sub-groups of symptoms. Even though these subgroups are considered as phenomenologically distinct in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), brain imaging and genetic studies suggest that they have common mechanisms and pathways. This discrepancy may be explained by the frequent intellectual disability reported in ASD, which blurs the RB expressivity. Given the high heritability of RB, that is, the diversity of symptoms expressed in the relatives are dependent on those expressed in their probands, we hypothesize that if RB expressed in ASD or OCD are two distinct entities, then the RB expressed in relatives will also reflect these two dimensions. We thus conduct a linear discriminant analysis on RB in both the relatives of probands with ASD and OCD and subjects from the general population (n = 1023). The discriminant analysis results in a classification of 81.1% of the controls (p? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2570 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Social anxiety symptoms in autism spectrum disorder and social anxiety disorder: Considering the reliability of self-report instruments in adult cohorts / Kelsie A. BOULTON in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2383-2392 Titre : Social anxiety symptoms in autism spectrum disorder and social anxiety disorder: Considering the reliability of self-report instruments in adult cohorts Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kelsie A. BOULTON, Auteur ; A. J. GUASTELLA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2383-2392 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Anxiety  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Fear  Humans  Phobia, Social  Reproducibility of Results  Self Report  adults  autism spectrum disorder  rating scales  reliability  social anxiety  social anxiety disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at elevated risk for social anxiety disorder (SAD). Limited information exists on the reliability of social anxiety instruments with these adults and their performance when compared to individuals with SAD without ASD. This study examines psychometric properties of self-report social anxiety instruments in autistic adults without intellectual disability, compared to adults with SAD. Additionally, we compared instrument scores between a subgroup of autistic adults with a dual diagnosis of SAD (ASD?+?SAD) and adults with SAD only. Adults diagnosed with SAD (N = 316) or ASD (N = 102) were recruited from the Brain and Mind Centre in New South Wales, Australia. Sixty autistic participants also received a diagnosis of SAD (ASD?+?SAD). Participants completed the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale-self-report, the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale, the Social Phobia Scale, and the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale. All instruments showed excellent internal consistency in autistic adults. The instruments showed evidence of convergent validity, and the strength of relationships between measures were equivalent between ASD and SAD groups. For all instruments, performance of these instruments in autistic adults with a SAD diagnosis was very similar to performance in adults diagnosed with SAD but without ASD. Findings support the use of these instruments for identifying social anxiety symptoms in autistic adults without intellectual disability and have utility for mental health clinical services. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic adults often experience social anxiety. We examined the use of four social anxiety questionnaires in autistic adults, compared to adults with SAD. We found similar results between autistic adults and adults with SAD, suggesting that these questionnaires can be useful for measuring social anxiety symptoms in autistic adults. These findings have implications for clinical services, as they show that these instruments are reliable when used with autistic adults. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2572 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Social anxiety symptoms in autism spectrum disorder and social anxiety disorder: Considering the reliability of self-report instruments in adult cohorts [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kelsie A. BOULTON, Auteur ; A. J. GUASTELLA, Auteur . - p.2383-2392. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2383-2392 Mots-clés : Adult  Anxiety  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Fear  Humans  Phobia, Social  Reproducibility of Results  Self Report  adults  autism spectrum disorder  rating scales  reliability  social anxiety  social anxiety disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at elevated risk for social anxiety disorder (SAD). Limited information exists on the reliability of social anxiety instruments with these adults and their performance when compared to individuals with SAD without ASD. This study examines psychometric properties of self-report social anxiety instruments in autistic adults without intellectual disability, compared to adults with SAD. Additionally, we compared instrument scores between a subgroup of autistic adults with a dual diagnosis of SAD (ASD?+?SAD) and adults with SAD only. Adults diagnosed with SAD (N = 316) or ASD (N = 102) were recruited from the Brain and Mind Centre in New South Wales, Australia. Sixty autistic participants also received a diagnosis of SAD (ASD?+?SAD). Participants completed the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale-self-report, the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale, the Social Phobia Scale, and the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale. All instruments showed excellent internal consistency in autistic adults. The instruments showed evidence of convergent validity, and the strength of relationships between measures were equivalent between ASD and SAD groups. For all instruments, performance of these instruments in autistic adults with a SAD diagnosis was very similar to performance in adults diagnosed with SAD but without ASD. Findings support the use of these instruments for identifying social anxiety symptoms in autistic adults without intellectual disability and have utility for mental health clinical services. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic adults often experience social anxiety. We examined the use of four social anxiety questionnaires in autistic adults, compared to adults with SAD. We found similar results between autistic adults and adults with SAD, suggesting that these questionnaires can be useful for measuring social anxiety symptoms in autistic adults. These findings have implications for clinical services, as they show that these instruments are reliable when used with autistic adults. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2572 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Temporal preparation in adults with autistic spectrum disorder: The variable foreperiod effect / G. GIRARDI in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2393-2404 Titre : Temporal preparation in adults with autistic spectrum disorder: The variable foreperiod effect Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : G. GIRARDI, Auteur ; L. G. FERNANDEZ, Auteur ; M. LEBOYER, Auteur ; A. LATIMIER, Auteur ; S. CHOKRON, Auteur ; T. ZALLA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2393-2404 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Attention  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Cognition  Humans  Reaction Time  Time Perception  arousal  conditional probability  foreperiod  implicit temporal preparation  timing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research suggested the possibility that temporal cognition may be different in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Although there are some empirical studies examining timing ability in these individuals, to our knowledge, no one directly assessed the ability to predict when an event will occur. Here, we report a study on implicit temporal preparation in individuals with ASD as indexed by the variable foreperiod (FP) effect. We compared a group of adult ASD participants to a group of typically-developed (TD) controls, for their respective abilities to utilize implicit temporal information in a simple detection task with three different preparatory intervals (FP, short, middle and long). Participants were given a warning tone to signal an imminent stimulus, and asked to press a key as quickly as they could upon detection of the stimulus. Both groups were able to use implicit temporal information, as revealed by both the variable-FP effect (i.e., faster response for targets appearing after a long FP) and asymmetric sequential effects (i.e., slower response in short-FP trials following a previous long-FP trial). The TD group exhibited a faster response in a long-FP trial that was preceded by short-FP one, whereas the ASD group did not, as reflected in their higher percentage of response omissions for a target that appeared later than in the previous trial. The reduced ability of ASD participants to modulate their responses under these conditions might reflect a difficulty in time-based monitoring of stimulus occurrence. LAY SUMMARY: Time-processing may be different in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). This study addressed the ability to anticipate a relevant stimulus's onset according to predictable interstimulus intervals comparing adults with ASD and typically developed controls. We found that ASD participants did not benefit from temporal preparation when stimulus appeared later than previously attended. This suggests a reduced ability in detecting implicit temporal regularities between events. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2573 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Temporal preparation in adults with autistic spectrum disorder: The variable foreperiod effect [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / G. GIRARDI, Auteur ; L. G. FERNANDEZ, Auteur ; M. LEBOYER, Auteur ; A. LATIMIER, Auteur ; S. CHOKRON, Auteur ; T. ZALLA, Auteur . - p.2393-2404. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2393-2404 Mots-clés : Adult  Attention  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Cognition  Humans  Reaction Time  Time Perception  arousal  conditional probability  foreperiod  implicit temporal preparation  timing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research suggested the possibility that temporal cognition may be different in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Although there are some empirical studies examining timing ability in these individuals, to our knowledge, no one directly assessed the ability to predict when an event will occur. Here, we report a study on implicit temporal preparation in individuals with ASD as indexed by the variable foreperiod (FP) effect. We compared a group of adult ASD participants to a group of typically-developed (TD) controls, for their respective abilities to utilize implicit temporal information in a simple detection task with three different preparatory intervals (FP, short, middle and long). Participants were given a warning tone to signal an imminent stimulus, and asked to press a key as quickly as they could upon detection of the stimulus. Both groups were able to use implicit temporal information, as revealed by both the variable-FP effect (i.e., faster response for targets appearing after a long FP) and asymmetric sequential effects (i.e., slower response in short-FP trials following a previous long-FP trial). The TD group exhibited a faster response in a long-FP trial that was preceded by short-FP one, whereas the ASD group did not, as reflected in their higher percentage of response omissions for a target that appeared later than in the previous trial. The reduced ability of ASD participants to modulate their responses under these conditions might reflect a difficulty in time-based monitoring of stimulus occurrence. LAY SUMMARY: Time-processing may be different in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). This study addressed the ability to anticipate a relevant stimulus's onset according to predictable interstimulus intervals comparing adults with ASD and typically developed controls. We found that ASD participants did not benefit from temporal preparation when stimulus appeared later than previously attended. This suggests a reduced ability in detecting implicit temporal regularities between events. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2573 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Cognitive correlates of autism spectrum disorder symptoms / C. N. JOHNSON in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2405-2411 Titre : Cognitive correlates of autism spectrum disorder symptoms Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. N. JOHNSON, Auteur ; B. RAMPHAL, Auteur ; E. KOE, Auteur ; A. RAUDALES, Auteur ; J. GOLDSMITH, Auteur ; A. E. MARGOLIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2405-2411 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Brain  Child  Cognition  Humans  Intelligence  Intelligence Tests  adult  autism spectrum disorder  child  cognition  communication  intelligence  intelligence tests Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Due to the diverse behavioral presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), identifying ASD subtypes using patterns of cognitive abilities has become an important point of research. Some previous studies on cognitive profiles in ASD suggest that the discrepancy between verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) and performance IQ (PIQ) is associated with ASD symptoms, while others have pointed to VIQ as the critical predictor. Given that VIQ is a component of the VIQ-PIQ discrepancy, it was unclear which was most driving these associations. This study tested whether VIQ, PIQ, or the VIQ-PIQ discrepancy was most associated with ASD symptoms in children and adults with ASD (N = 527). Using data from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE), we tested the independent contribution of each IQ index and their discrepancy to ASD symptom severity using multiple linear regressions predicting ASD symptoms. VIQ was most associated with lower symptom severity as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) total score, and when VIQ was included in models predicting ASD symptoms, associations with PIQ and IQ discrepancy were not significant. An association between VIQ and ASD communication symptoms drove the association with ASD symptom severity. These results suggest that associations between ASD communication symptoms and IQ discrepancy or PIQ reported in prior studies likely resulted from variance shared with VIQ. Subtyping ASD on the basis of VIQ should be a point of future research, as it may allow for the development of more personalized approaches to intervention. LAY SUMMARY: Previous research on links between autism severity and verbal and nonverbal intelligence has produced mixed results. Our study examined whether verbal intelligence, nonverbal intelligence, or the discrepancy between the two was most related to autism symptoms. We found that higher verbal intelligence was most associated with less severe autism communication symptoms. Given the relevance of verbal intelligence in predicting autism symptom severity, subtyping autism on the basis of verbal intelligence could lead to more personalized treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2577 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Cognitive correlates of autism spectrum disorder symptoms [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. N. JOHNSON, Auteur ; B. RAMPHAL, Auteur ; E. KOE, Auteur ; A. RAUDALES, Auteur ; J. GOLDSMITH, Auteur ; A. E. MARGOLIS, Auteur . - p.2405-2411. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2405-2411 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Brain  Child  Cognition  Humans  Intelligence  Intelligence Tests  adult  autism spectrum disorder  child  cognition  communication  intelligence  intelligence tests Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Due to the diverse behavioral presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), identifying ASD subtypes using patterns of cognitive abilities has become an important point of research. Some previous studies on cognitive profiles in ASD suggest that the discrepancy between verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) and performance IQ (PIQ) is associated with ASD symptoms, while others have pointed to VIQ as the critical predictor. Given that VIQ is a component of the VIQ-PIQ discrepancy, it was unclear which was most driving these associations. This study tested whether VIQ, PIQ, or the VIQ-PIQ discrepancy was most associated with ASD symptoms in children and adults with ASD (N = 527). Using data from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE), we tested the independent contribution of each IQ index and their discrepancy to ASD symptom severity using multiple linear regressions predicting ASD symptoms. VIQ was most associated with lower symptom severity as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) total score, and when VIQ was included in models predicting ASD symptoms, associations with PIQ and IQ discrepancy were not significant. An association between VIQ and ASD communication symptoms drove the association with ASD symptom severity. These results suggest that associations between ASD communication symptoms and IQ discrepancy or PIQ reported in prior studies likely resulted from variance shared with VIQ. Subtyping ASD on the basis of VIQ should be a point of future research, as it may allow for the development of more personalized approaches to intervention. LAY SUMMARY: Previous research on links between autism severity and verbal and nonverbal intelligence has produced mixed results. Our study examined whether verbal intelligence, nonverbal intelligence, or the discrepancy between the two was most related to autism symptoms. We found that higher verbal intelligence was most associated with less severe autism communication symptoms. Given the relevance of verbal intelligence in predicting autism symptom severity, subtyping autism on the basis of verbal intelligence could lead to more personalized treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2577 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Sex differences in sensory processing in children with autism spectrum disorder / J. M. A. OSÓRIO in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2412-2423 Titre : Sex differences in sensory processing in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. M. A. OSÓRIO, Auteur ; B. RODRÍGUEZ-HERREROS, Auteur ; S. RICHETIN, Auteur ; V. JUNOD, Auteur ; D. ROMASCANO, Auteur ; V. PITTET, Auteur ; Nadia CHABANE, Auteur ; M. JEQUIER GYGAX, Auteur ; A. M. MAILLARD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2412-2423 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder  Child  Child, Preschool  Cognition  Female  Humans  Male  Perception  Sex Characteristics  autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  child development  sensory processing  sensory processing measure (SPM)  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the high prevalence of sensory processing difficulties in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), little research has focused on the sex differences in sensory processing. Furthermore, there is a lack of knowledge on the female-specific symptoms of ASD, contributing to later referral, diagnosis and intervention. In this study, we examined the sex differences in sensory processing symptoms in large cohorts of ASD children (N?= 168; 26 females, 142 males) and typically developing (TD) children (N = 439; 209 females, 230 males). For this, we translated the sensory processing measure (SPM) and SPM - Preschool (SPM-P) Home Forms to French. The SPM/SPM-P are parent/caregiver questionnaires that assess typical behavioral responses to sensory stimuli. Overall, our results showed that the magnitude of the differences in sensory processing between males and females is larger in ASD children relative to TD children, with females showing more severe symptoms in Hearing, as well as Balance and Motion subscales. Additionally, linear discriminant analysis showed that the SPM/SPM-P are good at discriminating TD children from ASD, children with higher accuracy rates for females than for males. These findings are discussed in light of the heterogeneity of sensory processing difficulties present in ASD. Overall, our results suggest that there seem to be female-specific profiles in sensory processing difficulties in ASD. Implications of findings concerning sex differences in sensory processing and their potential for improving identification and diagnosis of ASD females are discussed. LAY SUMMARY: The present study examined sex differences in behavioral responses to sensory stimuli in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and typically developing (TD) children. While there is a small trend for TD males to show more sensory processing atypicalities, female ASD children show significantly more atypical responses compared to their male counterparts. This has important implications for characterizing female autism profiles, and ultimately improving the chance for earlier detection, diagnosis and treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2580 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Sex differences in sensory processing in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. M. A. OSÓRIO, Auteur ; B. RODRÍGUEZ-HERREROS, Auteur ; S. RICHETIN, Auteur ; V. JUNOD, Auteur ; D. ROMASCANO, Auteur ; V. PITTET, Auteur ; Nadia CHABANE, Auteur ; M. JEQUIER GYGAX, Auteur ; A. M. MAILLARD, Auteur . - p.2412-2423. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2412-2423 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder  Child  Child, Preschool  Cognition  Female  Humans  Male  Perception  Sex Characteristics  autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  child development  sensory processing  sensory processing measure (SPM)  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the high prevalence of sensory processing difficulties in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), little research has focused on the sex differences in sensory processing. Furthermore, there is a lack of knowledge on the female-specific symptoms of ASD, contributing to later referral, diagnosis and intervention. In this study, we examined the sex differences in sensory processing symptoms in large cohorts of ASD children (N?= 168; 26 females, 142 males) and typically developing (TD) children (N = 439; 209 females, 230 males). For this, we translated the sensory processing measure (SPM) and SPM - Preschool (SPM-P) Home Forms to French. The SPM/SPM-P are parent/caregiver questionnaires that assess typical behavioral responses to sensory stimuli. Overall, our results showed that the magnitude of the differences in sensory processing between males and females is larger in ASD children relative to TD children, with females showing more severe symptoms in Hearing, as well as Balance and Motion subscales. Additionally, linear discriminant analysis showed that the SPM/SPM-P are good at discriminating TD children from ASD, children with higher accuracy rates for females than for males. These findings are discussed in light of the heterogeneity of sensory processing difficulties present in ASD. Overall, our results suggest that there seem to be female-specific profiles in sensory processing difficulties in ASD. Implications of findings concerning sex differences in sensory processing and their potential for improving identification and diagnosis of ASD females are discussed. LAY SUMMARY: The present study examined sex differences in behavioral responses to sensory stimuli in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and typically developing (TD) children. While there is a small trend for TD males to show more sensory processing atypicalities, female ASD children show significantly more atypical responses compared to their male counterparts. This has important implications for characterizing female autism profiles, and ultimately improving the chance for earlier detection, diagnosis and treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2580 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Factorial validity of the Theory of Mind Inventory-2 in children with autism spectrum disorder / S. C. LEE in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2424-2431 Titre : Factorial validity of the Theory of Mind Inventory-2 in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. C. LEE, Auteur ; C. H. TSAI, Auteur ; Y. C. LIN, Auteur ; H. J. LI, Auteur ; D. R. JIANG, Auteur ; I. N. FU, Auteur ; K. L. CHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2424-2431 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Factor Analysis, Statistical  Humans  Theory of Mind  factor analysis  psychometrics  statistical  surveys and questionnaires Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Theory of Mind Inventory-2 appears to be a promising measure assessing children's theory of mind. However, a lack of evidence on its factorial structure interferes with score interpretation. To examine whether the currently-available structures of the Theory of Mind Inventory-2 are robust and replicable, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted in 242 children with autism spectrum disorder aged 3-12?years. Two possible structures were examined: the development-based structure, which reflects children's developmental stages of theory of mind (early, basic, and advanced), and the content-based structure, which represents children's social-related functions (emotion recognition, mental state term comprehension, and pragmatics). Four fit indices were adopted simultaneously to examine the model fit of both structures. We found that the development-based structure had a better model fit and was further modified. After modification, the development-based structure showed an improved model fit, but it was not completely acceptable in all fit indices. These findings suggest that the scores of the Theory of Mind Inventory-2 are more appropriate for reflecting children's developmental stages of theory of mind than the social-related functions in children with autism spectrum disorder. However, the domain scores should be cautiously interpreted because the model fits were not completely acceptable. For further revisions, ambiguous terms (e.g., "want" and "need") and confusing concepts assessed by the items (e.g., "recognize" and "understand") could be specified for a better representation of children's developmental stages of theory of mind. Moreover, further validations are needed. LAY SUMMARY: In children with autism spectrum disorder, the scores of the Theory of Mind Inventory-2 are more appropriate for indicating the developmental stages of theory of mind (early, basic, and advanced) than for indicating the social-related functions (emotion recognition, mental state term comprehension, and pragmatics). However, since the factorial validity was not completely acceptable, the domain scores should be interpreted cautiously. Moreover, further revisions and validations are warranted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2581 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Factorial validity of the Theory of Mind Inventory-2 in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. C. LEE, Auteur ; C. H. TSAI, Auteur ; Y. C. LIN, Auteur ; H. J. LI, Auteur ; D. R. JIANG, Auteur ; I. N. FU, Auteur ; K. L. CHEN, Auteur . - p.2424-2431. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2424-2431 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Factor Analysis, Statistical  Humans  Theory of Mind  factor analysis  psychometrics  statistical  surveys and questionnaires Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Theory of Mind Inventory-2 appears to be a promising measure assessing children's theory of mind. However, a lack of evidence on its factorial structure interferes with score interpretation. To examine whether the currently-available structures of the Theory of Mind Inventory-2 are robust and replicable, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted in 242 children with autism spectrum disorder aged 3-12?years. Two possible structures were examined: the development-based structure, which reflects children's developmental stages of theory of mind (early, basic, and advanced), and the content-based structure, which represents children's social-related functions (emotion recognition, mental state term comprehension, and pragmatics). Four fit indices were adopted simultaneously to examine the model fit of both structures. We found that the development-based structure had a better model fit and was further modified. After modification, the development-based structure showed an improved model fit, but it was not completely acceptable in all fit indices. These findings suggest that the scores of the Theory of Mind Inventory-2 are more appropriate for reflecting children's developmental stages of theory of mind than the social-related functions in children with autism spectrum disorder. However, the domain scores should be cautiously interpreted because the model fits were not completely acceptable. For further revisions, ambiguous terms (e.g., "want" and "need") and confusing concepts assessed by the items (e.g., "recognize" and "understand") could be specified for a better representation of children's developmental stages of theory of mind. Moreover, further validations are needed. LAY SUMMARY: In children with autism spectrum disorder, the scores of the Theory of Mind Inventory-2 are more appropriate for indicating the developmental stages of theory of mind (early, basic, and advanced) than for indicating the social-related functions (emotion recognition, mental state term comprehension, and pragmatics). However, since the factorial validity was not completely acceptable, the domain scores should be interpreted cautiously. Moreover, further revisions and validations are warranted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2581 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Optimal interpregnancy interval in autism spectrum disorder: A multi-national study of a modifiable risk factor / G. PEREIRA in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2432-2443 Titre : Optimal interpregnancy interval in autism spectrum disorder: A multi-national study of a modifiable risk factor Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : G. PEREIRA, Auteur ; R. W. FRANCIS, Auteur ; M. GISSLER, Auteur ; S. N. HANSEN, Auteur ; A. KODESH, Auteur ; H. LEONARD, Auteur ; S. Z. LEVINE, Auteur ; V. R. MITTER, Auteur ; Erik T. PARNER, Auteur ; A. K. REGAN, Auteur ; A. REICHENBERG, Auteur ; S. SANDIN, Auteur ; A. SUOMINEN, Auteur ; Diana SCHENDEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2432-2443 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Birth Intervals  Female  Finland/epidemiology  Humans  Pregnancy  Retrospective Studies  Risk Factors  autism spectrum disorder  family planning services  longitudinal studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is biologically plausible that risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is elevated by both short and long interpregnancy intervals (IPI). We conducted a retrospective cohort study of singleton, non-nulliparous live births, 1998-2007 in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden (N = 925,523 births). Optimal IPI was defined as the IPI at which minimum risk was observed. Generalized additive models were used to estimate relative risks (RR) of ASD and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Population impact fractions (PIF) for ASD were estimated under scenarios for shifts in the IPI distribution. We observed that the association between ASD (N = 9302) and IPI was U-shaped for all countries. ASD risk was lowest (optimal IPI) at 35?months for all countries combined, and at 30, 33, and 39?months in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden, respectively. Fully adjusted RRs at IPIs of 6, 12, and 60?months were 1.41 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.85), 1.26 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.56), and 1.24 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.58) compared to an IPI of 35?months. Under the most conservative scenario PIFs ranged from 5% (95% CI: 1%-8%) in Denmark to 9% (95% CI: 6%-12%) in Sweden. The minimum ASD risk followed IPIs of 30-39?months across three countries. These results reflect both direct IPI effects and other, closely related social and biological pathways. If our results reflect biologically causal effects, increasing optimal IPIs and reducing their indications, such as unintended pregnancy and delayed age at first pregnancy has the potential to prevent a salient proportion of ASD cases. LAY SUMMARY: Waiting 35?months to conceive again after giving birth resulted in the least risk of autism. Shorter and longer intervals resulted in risks that were up to 50% and 85% higher, respectively. About 5% to 9% of autism cases might be avoided by optimizing birth spacing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2599 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Optimal interpregnancy interval in autism spectrum disorder: A multi-national study of a modifiable risk factor [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / G. PEREIRA, Auteur ; R. W. FRANCIS, Auteur ; M. GISSLER, Auteur ; S. N. HANSEN, Auteur ; A. KODESH, Auteur ; H. LEONARD, Auteur ; S. Z. LEVINE, Auteur ; V. R. MITTER, Auteur ; Erik T. PARNER, Auteur ; A. K. REGAN, Auteur ; A. REICHENBERG, Auteur ; S. SANDIN, Auteur ; A. SUOMINEN, Auteur ; Diana SCHENDEL, Auteur . - p.2432-2443. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2432-2443 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Birth Intervals  Female  Finland/epidemiology  Humans  Pregnancy  Retrospective Studies  Risk Factors  autism spectrum disorder  family planning services  longitudinal studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is biologically plausible that risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is elevated by both short and long interpregnancy intervals (IPI). We conducted a retrospective cohort study of singleton, non-nulliparous live births, 1998-2007 in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden (N = 925,523 births). Optimal IPI was defined as the IPI at which minimum risk was observed. Generalized additive models were used to estimate relative risks (RR) of ASD and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Population impact fractions (PIF) for ASD were estimated under scenarios for shifts in the IPI distribution. We observed that the association between ASD (N = 9302) and IPI was U-shaped for all countries. ASD risk was lowest (optimal IPI) at 35?months for all countries combined, and at 30, 33, and 39?months in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden, respectively. Fully adjusted RRs at IPIs of 6, 12, and 60?months were 1.41 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.85), 1.26 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.56), and 1.24 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.58) compared to an IPI of 35?months. Under the most conservative scenario PIFs ranged from 5% (95% CI: 1%-8%) in Denmark to 9% (95% CI: 6%-12%) in Sweden. The minimum ASD risk followed IPIs of 30-39?months across three countries. These results reflect both direct IPI effects and other, closely related social and biological pathways. If our results reflect biologically causal effects, increasing optimal IPIs and reducing their indications, such as unintended pregnancy and delayed age at first pregnancy has the potential to prevent a salient proportion of ASD cases. LAY SUMMARY: Waiting 35?months to conceive again after giving birth resulted in the least risk of autism. Shorter and longer intervals resulted in risks that were up to 50% and 85% higher, respectively. About 5% to 9% of autism cases might be avoided by optimizing birth spacing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2599 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

A biomarker-based study of prenatal smoking exposure and autism in a Finnish national birth cohort / K. CHESLACK-POSTAVA in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2444-2453 Titre : A biomarker-based study of prenatal smoking exposure and autism in a Finnish national birth cohort Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. CHESLACK-POSTAVA, Auteur ; A. SOURANDER, Auteur ; S. HINKKA-YLI-SALOMÄKI, Auteur ; I. W. MCKEAGUE, Auteur ; H. M. SURCEL, Auteur ; A. S. BROWN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2444-2453 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Biomarkers  Case-Control Studies  Child  Female  Finland/epidemiology  Humans  Maternal Exposure  Pregnancy  Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology  Smoking  autism  cotinine  prenatal exposure delayed effects  smoking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Maternal exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy is a common and persistent exposure linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in the offspring. However, previous studies provide mixed evidence regarding the relationship between prenatal smoking and offspring autism. This study used cotinine level, a biomarker for nicotine, to investigate the relationship between prenatal smoking and autism. The authors conducted a population-based case-control study nested in a national cohort of all births in Finland from 1987 to 2005. Cases diagnosed with childhood autism (ICD-10/9 code F84.0/299.0) through 2007 were identified using data from linked national registers. Each case was matched with a control on date of birth (±30?days), sex, and place of birth (N =?962 pairs). Maternal serum cotinine levels were prospectively measured in first- to early second-trimester serum samples archived in a national biobank using a quantitative immunoassay. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Prenatal maternal levels of serum cotinine were not associated with the odds of autism, whether cotinine was classified continuously, by deciles, or using previously defined categories corresponding to probable maternal smoking status. After adjusting for maternal age, paternal age, previous births, and any history of parental psychiatric disorder, the odds ratio for categorical high versus low cotinine, using a 3-level exposure variable, was 0.98 (95% CI = 0.76, 1.26; p = 0.88). In conclusion, this national birth cohort-based study does not provide evidence for an association between maternal cotinine, a biomarker of maternal smoking, and risk of autism. LAY SUMMARY: This study explored whether prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke in mothers is related to the diagnosis of autism in their children, by measuring the levels of cotinine, a biomarker for tobacco exposure, in stored serum samples drawn from mothers during pregnancy. The levels of cotinine in the mothers of children diagnosed with autism were similar to those in the mothers of control children of similar age and gender distribution. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2608 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] A biomarker-based study of prenatal smoking exposure and autism in a Finnish national birth cohort [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. CHESLACK-POSTAVA, Auteur ; A. SOURANDER, Auteur ; S. HINKKA-YLI-SALOMÄKI, Auteur ; I. W. MCKEAGUE, Auteur ; H. M. SURCEL, Auteur ; A. S. BROWN, Auteur . - p.2444-2453. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2444-2453 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Biomarkers  Case-Control Studies  Child  Female  Finland/epidemiology  Humans  Maternal Exposure  Pregnancy  Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology  Smoking  autism  cotinine  prenatal exposure delayed effects  smoking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Maternal exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy is a common and persistent exposure linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in the offspring. However, previous studies provide mixed evidence regarding the relationship between prenatal smoking and offspring autism. This study used cotinine level, a biomarker for nicotine, to investigate the relationship between prenatal smoking and autism. The authors conducted a population-based case-control study nested in a national cohort of all births in Finland from 1987 to 2005. Cases diagnosed with childhood autism (ICD-10/9 code F84.0/299.0) through 2007 were identified using data from linked national registers. Each case was matched with a control on date of birth (±30?days), sex, and place of birth (N =?962 pairs). Maternal serum cotinine levels were prospectively measured in first- to early second-trimester serum samples archived in a national biobank using a quantitative immunoassay. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Prenatal maternal levels of serum cotinine were not associated with the odds of autism, whether cotinine was classified continuously, by deciles, or using previously defined categories corresponding to probable maternal smoking status. After adjusting for maternal age, paternal age, previous births, and any history of parental psychiatric disorder, the odds ratio for categorical high versus low cotinine, using a 3-level exposure variable, was 0.98 (95% CI = 0.76, 1.26; p = 0.88). In conclusion, this national birth cohort-based study does not provide evidence for an association between maternal cotinine, a biomarker of maternal smoking, and risk of autism. LAY SUMMARY: This study explored whether prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke in mothers is related to the diagnosis of autism in their children, by measuring the levels of cotinine, a biomarker for tobacco exposure, in stored serum samples drawn from mothers during pregnancy. The levels of cotinine in the mothers of children diagnosed with autism were similar to those in the mothers of control children of similar age and gender distribution. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2608 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Analysis of the SPARK study COVID-19 parent survey: Early impact of the pandemic on access to services, child/parent mental health, and benefits of online services / Anjana N. BHAT in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2454-2470 Titre : Analysis of the SPARK study COVID-19 parent survey: Early impact of the pandemic on access to services, child/parent mental health, and benefits of online services Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anjana N. BHAT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2454-2470 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Covid-19  Communicable Disease Control  Humans  Mental Health  Pandemics  Parents  SARS-CoV-2  ASD services  Autism Spectrum disorder  child health  online service benefits  parent health  unmet needs Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with ASD receive a multitude of educational, medical, and therapeutic services. At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, all of these services came to a complete halt following strict lockdowns. Many services have resumed in a hybrid format using face to face and virtual modes of delivery. This study describes findings from the COVID-19 impact survey administered at the onset of the pandemic in a subgroup of families from the SPARK cohort (N = 6393), one of the largest ASD cohorts in the US. The differential early impact of COVID-19 on various subgroups of children with ASD and their families was examined. Caregivers of children and adolescents with ASD between 19?months and 18?years completed an online survey inquiring about the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on access to services, parent concerns about the same, impact on child's ASD-related behaviors, child, and parent mental health, and the benefits/potential benefits of online/future online services. Analysis revealed that certain demographic (age, income/SES) and child-related factors (repetitive behaviors, language, functional, cognitive, and motor impairments, and child's understanding), as well as parent's past mental health were associated with/predicted greater service disruptions, greater ASD-related behaviors, and greater negative impact on parent mental health. In conclusion, younger children, children from low-income families, and children with greater impairment severity (more severe repetitive behaviors, language, cognitive, function, language, and motor impairments) were more negatively impacted by the pandemic through service disruptions, increased ASD-related behaviors, parent health/family impact, and found online interactions to be less beneficial. LAY SUMMARY: The SPARK study impact survey shows that at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, parents reported significant service disruptions, negative impact on their child's ASD-related behaviors as well as their own mental health; which was greater in families with younger children, children with greater ASD severity, and children from low-income families. Majority of families did not report significant benefits of online services whereas some families did. Low-income families were hopeful about receiving benefits through future online services. Overall, these findings have important implications for future clinical care delivery and healthcare policies to ensure that healthcare services are not interrupted during a potential resurgence of COVID-19 or other pandemics. A combination of in-person and online healthcare and family support services must be implemented to prevent negative health impacts in the future. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2618 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Analysis of the SPARK study COVID-19 parent survey: Early impact of the pandemic on access to services, child/parent mental health, and benefits of online services [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anjana N. BHAT, Auteur . - p.2454-2470. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2454-2470 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Covid-19  Communicable Disease Control  Humans  Mental Health  Pandemics  Parents  SARS-CoV-2  ASD services  Autism Spectrum disorder  child health  online service benefits  parent health  unmet needs Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with ASD receive a multitude of educational, medical, and therapeutic services. At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, all of these services came to a complete halt following strict lockdowns. Many services have resumed in a hybrid format using face to face and virtual modes of delivery. This study describes findings from the COVID-19 impact survey administered at the onset of the pandemic in a subgroup of families from the SPARK cohort (N = 6393), one of the largest ASD cohorts in the US. The differential early impact of COVID-19 on various subgroups of children with ASD and their families was examined. Caregivers of children and adolescents with ASD between 19?months and 18?years completed an online survey inquiring about the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on access to services, parent concerns about the same, impact on child's ASD-related behaviors, child, and parent mental health, and the benefits/potential benefits of online/future online services. Analysis revealed that certain demographic (age, income/SES) and child-related factors (repetitive behaviors, language, functional, cognitive, and motor impairments, and child's understanding), as well as parent's past mental health were associated with/predicted greater service disruptions, greater ASD-related behaviors, and greater negative impact on parent mental health. In conclusion, younger children, children from low-income families, and children with greater impairment severity (more severe repetitive behaviors, language, cognitive, function, language, and motor impairments) were more negatively impacted by the pandemic through service disruptions, increased ASD-related behaviors, parent health/family impact, and found online interactions to be less beneficial. LAY SUMMARY: The SPARK study impact survey shows that at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, parents reported significant service disruptions, negative impact on their child's ASD-related behaviors as well as their own mental health; which was greater in families with younger children, children with greater ASD severity, and children from low-income families. Majority of families did not report significant benefits of online services whereas some families did. Low-income families were hopeful about receiving benefits through future online services. Overall, these findings have important implications for future clinical care delivery and healthcare policies to ensure that healthcare services are not interrupted during a potential resurgence of COVID-19 or other pandemics. A combination of in-person and online healthcare and family support services must be implemented to prevent negative health impacts in the future. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2618 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450