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Auteur Kevin G. STEPHENSON
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Faire une suggestion Affiner la rechercheCognitive defusion for reducing distressing thoughts in adults with autism / Max E. MAISEL in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 59 (March 2019)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 59 (March 2019) . - p.34-45
Titre : Cognitive defusion for reducing distressing thoughts in adults with autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Max E. MAISEL, Auteur ; Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.34-45 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Inflexibility Cognitive fusion Anxiety Depression Acceptance and commitment therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Cognitive fusion occurs when people over-identify with their thoughts, leading to a strong emotional response and a narrowed behavioral repertoire. Cognitive defusion (CD) is a technique used in acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) to teach people how to pay attention to the process of thinking, thereby reducing the negative effect of over-identification and allowing people to behave in more adaptive ways. CD has been widely studied in neurotypical (NT) samples, but there is little research on cognitive fusion and related interventions for people diagnosed with autism (AS). Method Sixty-eight adult participants (AS group n?=?27; NT group n?=?41) answered questionnaires measuring psychological distress and dispositional levels of cognitive fusion. In a lab setting, participants next identified a personal distressing thought, then were randomized into a brief (5-minute) cognitive defusion technique or an equally-brief active distraction technique. Before and after the intervention, participants completed measures assessing the believability of their distressing thought and how much discomfort the thought caused. Results The AS group reported higher overall trait levels of cognitive fusion than the NT group. Cognitive fusion was moderately- to strongly-related with psychological distress in both participant groups. The brief interventions worked equally well in immediately reducing thought believability and thought discomfort for AS and NT groups. Conclusions The current study provides support for cognitive fusion as a contributing factor to the psychological distress experienced by people with AS, and that a brief intervention technique can effectively reduce fusion at least in an immediate context. More work is needed to explore the specific short-term and long-term efficacy for interventions aimed to reduce cognitive fusion. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.12.005 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3799 [article] Cognitive defusion for reducing distressing thoughts in adults with autism [texte imprimé] / Max E. MAISEL, Auteur ; Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur . - p.34-45.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 59 (March 2019) . - p.34-45
Mots-clés : Autism Inflexibility Cognitive fusion Anxiety Depression Acceptance and commitment therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Cognitive fusion occurs when people over-identify with their thoughts, leading to a strong emotional response and a narrowed behavioral repertoire. Cognitive defusion (CD) is a technique used in acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) to teach people how to pay attention to the process of thinking, thereby reducing the negative effect of over-identification and allowing people to behave in more adaptive ways. CD has been widely studied in neurotypical (NT) samples, but there is little research on cognitive fusion and related interventions for people diagnosed with autism (AS). Method Sixty-eight adult participants (AS group n?=?27; NT group n?=?41) answered questionnaires measuring psychological distress and dispositional levels of cognitive fusion. In a lab setting, participants next identified a personal distressing thought, then were randomized into a brief (5-minute) cognitive defusion technique or an equally-brief active distraction technique. Before and after the intervention, participants completed measures assessing the believability of their distressing thought and how much discomfort the thought caused. Results The AS group reported higher overall trait levels of cognitive fusion than the NT group. Cognitive fusion was moderately- to strongly-related with psychological distress in both participant groups. The brief interventions worked equally well in immediately reducing thought believability and thought discomfort for AS and NT groups. Conclusions The current study provides support for cognitive fusion as a contributing factor to the psychological distress experienced by people with AS, and that a brief intervention technique can effectively reduce fusion at least in an immediate context. More work is needed to explore the specific short-term and long-term efficacy for interventions aimed to reduce cognitive fusion. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.12.005 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3799
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-4 (April 2016) . - p.1494-1497
Titre : Common Threads, Age-related Differences, and Avenues for Future Research: Response to Heaton Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Eve-Marie QUINTIN, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1494-1497 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2750-4 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2849 [article] Common Threads, Age-related Differences, and Avenues for Future Research: Response to Heaton [texte imprimé] / Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Eve-Marie QUINTIN, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur . - p.1494-1497.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-4 (April 2016) . - p.1494-1497
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2750-4 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2849
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 65 (September 2019) . - p.65
Titre : Corrigendum to “Cognitive defusion for reducing distressing thoughts in adults with autism” [Res. Autism Spectrum Disord. 59 (2019) 34–45] Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Max E. MAISEL, Auteur ; Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.65 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.05.004 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4010 [article] Corrigendum to “Cognitive defusion for reducing distressing thoughts in adults with autism” [Res. Autism Spectrum Disord. 59 (2019) 34–45] [texte imprimé] / Max E. MAISEL, Auteur ; Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur . - p.65.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 65 (September 2019) . - p.65
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.05.004 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4010
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 34 (February 2017) . - p.44-51
Titre : Relationship between brain stem volume and aggression in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rebecca A. LUNDWALL, Auteur ; Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; E. Shannon NEELEY-TASS, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur ; Erin D. BIGLER, Auteur ; Emily ANDERBERG, Auteur ; Molly D. PRIGGE, Auteur ; Blake D. HANSEN, Auteur ; Janet E. LAINHART, Auteur ; Ryan O. KELLEMS, Auteur ; Jo Ann PETRIE, Auteur ; Terisa P. GABRIELSEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.44-51 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Aggression Imaging Brainstem Structural MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Aggressive behaviors are common in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and may be phenotypic indicators of different subtypes within ASD. In current research literature for non-ASD samples, aggression has been linked to several brain structures associated with emotion and behavioral control. However, few if any studies exist investigating brain volume differences in individuals with ASD who have comorbid aggression as indicated by standardized diagnostic and behavioral measures. Method We examined neuroimaging data from individuals rigorously diagnosed with ASD versus typically developing (TD) controls. We began with data from brain volume regions of interest (ROI) taken from previous literature on aggression including the brainstem, amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We defined aggression status using the Irritability subscale of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist and used lasso logistic regression to select among these predictor variables. Brainstem volume was the only variable shown to be a predictor of aggression status. Results We found that smaller brainstem volumes are associated with higher odds of being in the high aggression group. Conclusions Understanding brain differences in individuals with ASD who engage in aggressive behavior from those with ASD who do not can inform treatment approaches. Future research should investigate brainstem structure and function in ASD to identify possible mechanisms related to arousal and aggression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.12.001 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2988 [article] Relationship between brain stem volume and aggression in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Rebecca A. LUNDWALL, Auteur ; Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; E. Shannon NEELEY-TASS, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur ; Erin D. BIGLER, Auteur ; Emily ANDERBERG, Auteur ; Molly D. PRIGGE, Auteur ; Blake D. HANSEN, Auteur ; Janet E. LAINHART, Auteur ; Ryan O. KELLEMS, Auteur ; Jo Ann PETRIE, Auteur ; Terisa P. GABRIELSEN, Auteur . - p.44-51.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 34 (February 2017) . - p.44-51
Mots-clés : Autism Aggression Imaging Brainstem Structural MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Aggressive behaviors are common in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and may be phenotypic indicators of different subtypes within ASD. In current research literature for non-ASD samples, aggression has been linked to several brain structures associated with emotion and behavioral control. However, few if any studies exist investigating brain volume differences in individuals with ASD who have comorbid aggression as indicated by standardized diagnostic and behavioral measures. Method We examined neuroimaging data from individuals rigorously diagnosed with ASD versus typically developing (TD) controls. We began with data from brain volume regions of interest (ROI) taken from previous literature on aggression including the brainstem, amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We defined aggression status using the Irritability subscale of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist and used lasso logistic regression to select among these predictor variables. Brainstem volume was the only variable shown to be a predictor of aggression status. Results We found that smaller brainstem volumes are associated with higher odds of being in the high aggression group. Conclusions Understanding brain differences in individuals with ASD who engage in aggressive behavior from those with ASD who do not can inform treatment approaches. Future research should investigate brainstem structure and function in ASD to identify possible mechanisms related to arousal and aggression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.12.001 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2988
in Autism Research > 10-7 (July 2017) . - p.1215-1220
Titre : Symptom overlap on the srs-2 adult self-report between adults with asd and adults with high anxiety Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mikle SOUTH, Auteur ; AnnaLisa W. CARR, Auteur ; Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Max E. MAISEL, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1215-1220 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism anxiety screening SRS-2 discriminant validity adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many people diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) also experience significant symptoms of anxiety, while many people with anxiety disorders likewise experience social difficulties. These concerns can be difficult to tease apart in general clinical settings. The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) is one of the most frequently used measures of dimensional ASD symptoms. In order to investigate the overlap of autism and anxiety on the SRS, we compared three groups of adults (an ASD group, n?=?40; a high anxious group, n?=?56; and a typical comparison group, n?=?29) using the new Adult Self Report version of the SRS-2nd Edition (SRS-2-ASR) alongside a battery of anxiety questionnaires. Based on previous research with children from the parent-report SRS (first edition), we hypothesized that the SRS-2-ASR would have difficulty discriminating between the ASD and high anxious groups. Results showed that both these clinical groups scored significantly higher on the SRS than a typical control group. Discriminant validity was poor, including sensitivity of 0.65 when including all participants and 0.48 when only the two clinical groups were included. In particular, the Social Motivation subscale of the SRS-ASR failed to distinguish between ASD and anxiety groups. As recommended in the SRS-2 manual, we highlight the need for caution when using the SRS-2-ASR to support diagnostic decision making, especially in clinical settings involving anxiety, ADHD, or other concerns that can affect reciprocal social communication and/or behavioral flexibility. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1764 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3098 [article] Symptom overlap on the srs-2 adult self-report between adults with asd and adults with high anxiety [texte imprimé] / Mikle SOUTH, Auteur ; AnnaLisa W. CARR, Auteur ; Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Max E. MAISEL, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur . - p.1215-1220.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 10-7 (July 2017) . - p.1215-1220
Mots-clés : autism anxiety screening SRS-2 discriminant validity adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many people diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) also experience significant symptoms of anxiety, while many people with anxiety disorders likewise experience social difficulties. These concerns can be difficult to tease apart in general clinical settings. The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) is one of the most frequently used measures of dimensional ASD symptoms. In order to investigate the overlap of autism and anxiety on the SRS, we compared three groups of adults (an ASD group, n?=?40; a high anxious group, n?=?56; and a typical comparison group, n?=?29) using the new Adult Self Report version of the SRS-2nd Edition (SRS-2-ASR) alongside a battery of anxiety questionnaires. Based on previous research with children from the parent-report SRS (first edition), we hypothesized that the SRS-2-ASR would have difficulty discriminating between the ASD and high anxious groups. Results showed that both these clinical groups scored significantly higher on the SRS than a typical control group. Discriminant validity was poor, including sensitivity of 0.65 when including all participants and 0.48 when only the two clinical groups were included. In particular, the Social Motivation subscale of the SRS-ASR failed to distinguish between ASD and anxiety groups. As recommended in the SRS-2 manual, we highlight the need for caution when using the SRS-2-ASR to support diagnostic decision making, especially in clinical settings involving anxiety, ADHD, or other concerns that can affect reciprocal social communication and/or behavioral flexibility. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1764 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3098
