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Autistic Adults May Be Erroneously Perceived as Deceptive and Lacking Credibility / A. LIM in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-2 (February 2022)
[article]
Titre : Autistic Adults May Be Erroneously Perceived as Deceptive and Lacking Credibility Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. LIM, Auteur ; R. L. YOUNG, Auteur ; N. BREWER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.490-507 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis Autistic Disorder/diagnosis Humans Language Autism Credibility Deception Perceptions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We hypothesized that autistic adults may be erroneously judged as deceptive or lacking credibility due to demonstrating unexpected and atypical behaviors. Thirty autistic and 29 neurotypical individuals participated in video-recorded interviews, and we measured their demonstration of gaze aversion, repetitive body movements, literal interpretation of figurative language, poor reciprocity, and flat affect. Participants (N?=?1410) viewed one of these videos and rated their perception of the individual's truthfulness or credibility. The hypothesis was partially supported, with autistic individuals perceived as more deceptive and less credible than neurotypical individuals when telling the truth. However, this relationship was not influenced by the presence of any of the target behaviors, but instead, by the individual's overall presentation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04963-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=455
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-2 (February 2022) . - p.490-507[article] Autistic Adults May Be Erroneously Perceived as Deceptive and Lacking Credibility [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. LIM, Auteur ; R. L. YOUNG, Auteur ; N. BREWER, Auteur . - p.490-507.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-2 (February 2022) . - p.490-507
Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis Autistic Disorder/diagnosis Humans Language Autism Credibility Deception Perceptions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We hypothesized that autistic adults may be erroneously judged as deceptive or lacking credibility due to demonstrating unexpected and atypical behaviors. Thirty autistic and 29 neurotypical individuals participated in video-recorded interviews, and we measured their demonstration of gaze aversion, repetitive body movements, literal interpretation of figurative language, poor reciprocity, and flat affect. Participants (N?=?1410) viewed one of these videos and rated their perception of the individual's truthfulness or credibility. The hypothesis was partially supported, with autistic individuals perceived as more deceptive and less credible than neurotypical individuals when telling the truth. However, this relationship was not influenced by the presence of any of the target behaviors, but instead, by the individual's overall presentation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04963-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=455 Brief report: Perceived credibility of autistic witnesses and the effect of diagnostic information on credibility ratings / Katie MARAS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 68 (December 2019)
[article]
Titre : Brief report: Perceived credibility of autistic witnesses and the effect of diagnostic information on credibility ratings Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katie MARAS, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Ian WALKER, Auteur ; Amina MEMON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.101442 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Witness Credibility Diagnosis disclosure Interviewing Jurors Perceptions Criminal justice Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background People with autism spectrum disorder (henceforth, autism) exhibit a number of atypical behaviours that may be relied upon by jurors when making judgements about their credibility as witnesses. The current study aimed to: (1) examine whether autistic witnesses were perceived as less credible than typically developing (TD) witnesses, irrespective of the number of correct details they reported; and (2) determine whether mock jurors’ credibility ratings of autistic witnesses improved if they were aware of their autism diagnoses and were provided with information about autism. Method One-hundred-and-twenty-five mock jurors rated the credibility of video testimony of 17 autistic and 17 TD witness participants recalling an event. Half of the juror participants were informed that some of the witnesses were autistic and were provided with information about autism; the other half received no information about witnesses’ diagnoses. Results Contrary to predictions, autistic witnesses were seen to be as credible as TD witnesses when no information about their diagnosis was provided. However, when jurors were informed that a witness was autistic and were also provided with further information about autism, they were rated as slightly more credible than TD witnesses. Credibility ratings were only predicted by jurors’ prior knowledge/experience of autism when they were explicitly informed of witnesses’ autism diagnoses. Conclusions These results indicate that disclosing one’s autism diagnosis (alongside further information about autism) may result in a positive bias in terms of witnesses’ perceived credibility. Implications for jury instructions and future research directions are discussed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.101442 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 68 (December 2019) . - p.101442[article] Brief report: Perceived credibility of autistic witnesses and the effect of diagnostic information on credibility ratings [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katie MARAS, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Ian WALKER, Auteur ; Amina MEMON, Auteur . - p.101442.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 68 (December 2019) . - p.101442
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Witness Credibility Diagnosis disclosure Interviewing Jurors Perceptions Criminal justice Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background People with autism spectrum disorder (henceforth, autism) exhibit a number of atypical behaviours that may be relied upon by jurors when making judgements about their credibility as witnesses. The current study aimed to: (1) examine whether autistic witnesses were perceived as less credible than typically developing (TD) witnesses, irrespective of the number of correct details they reported; and (2) determine whether mock jurors’ credibility ratings of autistic witnesses improved if they were aware of their autism diagnoses and were provided with information about autism. Method One-hundred-and-twenty-five mock jurors rated the credibility of video testimony of 17 autistic and 17 TD witness participants recalling an event. Half of the juror participants were informed that some of the witnesses were autistic and were provided with information about autism; the other half received no information about witnesses’ diagnoses. Results Contrary to predictions, autistic witnesses were seen to be as credible as TD witnesses when no information about their diagnosis was provided. However, when jurors were informed that a witness was autistic and were also provided with further information about autism, they were rated as slightly more credible than TD witnesses. Credibility ratings were only predicted by jurors’ prior knowledge/experience of autism when they were explicitly informed of witnesses’ autism diagnoses. Conclusions These results indicate that disclosing one’s autism diagnosis (alongside further information about autism) may result in a positive bias in terms of witnesses’ perceived credibility. Implications for jury instructions and future research directions are discussed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.101442 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408 Mock Juror Perceptions of Credibility and Culpability in an Autistic Defendant / K. MARAS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-3 (March 2019)
[article]
Titre : Mock Juror Perceptions of Credibility and Culpability in an Autistic Defendant Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. MARAS, Auteur ; I. MARSHALL, Auteur ; C. SANDS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.996-1010 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Credibility Criminal justice Culpability Defendant Honesty Jurors Likeability Perceptions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : One-hundred-and-sixty jury-eligible participants read a vignette describing a male who was brought to the attention of police for suspicious and aggressive behaviours and displayed atypical behaviours in court. Half of participants were informed that he had autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and were given background information about ASD; the other half received no diagnostic label or information. The provision of a label and information led to higher ratings of the defendant's honesty and likeability, reduced blameworthiness, and resulted in fewer guilty verdicts, and more lenient sentencing. Thematic analysis revealed that participants in the label condition were more empathetic and attributed his behaviours to his ASD and mitigating factors, while participants in the No label condition perceived the defendant as deceitful, unremorseful, rude and aggressive. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3803-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-3 (March 2019) . - p.996-1010[article] Mock Juror Perceptions of Credibility and Culpability in an Autistic Defendant [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. MARAS, Auteur ; I. MARSHALL, Auteur ; C. SANDS, Auteur . - p.996-1010.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-3 (March 2019) . - p.996-1010
Mots-clés : Autism Credibility Criminal justice Culpability Defendant Honesty Jurors Likeability Perceptions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : One-hundred-and-sixty jury-eligible participants read a vignette describing a male who was brought to the attention of police for suspicious and aggressive behaviours and displayed atypical behaviours in court. Half of participants were informed that he had autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and were given background information about ASD; the other half received no diagnostic label or information. The provision of a label and information led to higher ratings of the defendant's honesty and likeability, reduced blameworthiness, and resulted in fewer guilty verdicts, and more lenient sentencing. Thematic analysis revealed that participants in the label condition were more empathetic and attributed his behaviours to his ASD and mitigating factors, while participants in the No label condition perceived the defendant as deceitful, unremorseful, rude and aggressive. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3803-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386 Mock Juror Perceptions of Child Witnesses on the Autism Spectrum: The Impact of Providing Diagnostic Labels and Information About Autism / Laura CRANE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-5 (May 2020)
[article]
Titre : Mock Juror Perceptions of Child Witnesses on the Autism Spectrum: The Impact of Providing Diagnostic Labels and Information About Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Rachel WILCOCK, Auteur ; Katie L. MARAS, Auteur ; Wing CHUI, Auteur ; Carmen MARTI-SANCHEZ, Auteur ; Lucy A HENRY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1509-1519 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Credibility Criminal justice Eyewitness memory Jury Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research suggests that autistic children can provide accurate and forensically useful eyewitness evidence. However, members of a jury also rely on non-verbal behaviours when judging the credibility of a witness, and this could determine the verdict of a case. We presented mock jurors with videos (from an experimental study) of one of two child witnesses on the autism spectrum being interviewed about a mock minor crime. Results demonstrated that providing jurors with generic information about autism and/or informing them of the child's diagnostic label differentially affected credibility ratings, but not for both children. Implications for how to present information about child witnesses with autism to a jury-highlighting the need for approaches tailored to individual children-are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3700-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-5 (May 2020) . - p.1509-1519[article] Mock Juror Perceptions of Child Witnesses on the Autism Spectrum: The Impact of Providing Diagnostic Labels and Information About Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Rachel WILCOCK, Auteur ; Katie L. MARAS, Auteur ; Wing CHUI, Auteur ; Carmen MARTI-SANCHEZ, Auteur ; Lucy A HENRY, Auteur . - p.1509-1519.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-5 (May 2020) . - p.1509-1519
Mots-clés : Autism Credibility Criminal justice Eyewitness memory Jury Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research suggests that autistic children can provide accurate and forensically useful eyewitness evidence. However, members of a jury also rely on non-verbal behaviours when judging the credibility of a witness, and this could determine the verdict of a case. We presented mock jurors with videos (from an experimental study) of one of two child witnesses on the autism spectrum being interviewed about a mock minor crime. Results demonstrated that providing jurors with generic information about autism and/or informing them of the child's diagnostic label differentially affected credibility ratings, but not for both children. Implications for how to present information about child witnesses with autism to a jury-highlighting the need for approaches tailored to individual children-are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3700-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 Eyewitness Testimony in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review / Katie L. MARAS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44-11 (November 2014)
[article]
Titre : Eyewitness Testimony in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katie L. MARAS, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2682-2697 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Eyewitness Memory Suggestibility Interviewing Credibility Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is estimated to affect around 1% of the population, and is characterised by impairments in social interaction, communication, and behavioural flexibility. A number of risk factors indicate that individuals with ASD may become victims or witnesses of crimes. In addition to their social and communication deficits, people with ASD also have very specific memory problems, which impacts on their abilities to recall eyewitnessed events. We begin this review with an overview of the memory difficulties that are experienced by individuals with ASD, before discussing the studies that have specifically examined eyewitness testimony in this group and the implications for investigative practice. Finally, we outline related areas that would be particularly fruitful for future research to explore. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1502-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=241
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-11 (November 2014) . - p.2682-2697[article] Eyewitness Testimony in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katie L. MARAS, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur . - p.2682-2697.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-11 (November 2014) . - p.2682-2697
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Eyewitness Memory Suggestibility Interviewing Credibility Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is estimated to affect around 1% of the population, and is characterised by impairments in social interaction, communication, and behavioural flexibility. A number of risk factors indicate that individuals with ASD may become victims or witnesses of crimes. In addition to their social and communication deficits, people with ASD also have very specific memory problems, which impacts on their abilities to recall eyewitnessed events. We begin this review with an overview of the memory difficulties that are experienced by individuals with ASD, before discussing the studies that have specifically examined eyewitness testimony in this group and the implications for investigative practice. Finally, we outline related areas that would be particularly fruitful for future research to explore. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1502-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=241