Autism diagnosis differentiates neurophysiological responses to faces in adults with tuberous sclerosis complex / Charlotte TYE in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 7-1 (December 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.33 Titre : Autism diagnosis differentiates neurophysiological responses to faces in adults with tuberous sclerosis complex Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Charlotte TYE, Auteur ; Teresa FARRONI, Auteur ; Ágnes VOLEIN, Auteur ; Evelyne MERCURE, Auteur ; Leslie TUCKER, Auteur ; Mark Henry JOHNSON, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.33 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Erp  Face  Gaze  Tuberous sclerosis complex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common and highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder that is likely to be the outcome of complex aetiological mechanisms. One strategy to provide insight is to study ASD within tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), a rare disorder with a high incidence of ASD, but for which the genetic cause is determined. Individuals with ASD consistently demonstrate face processing impairments, but these have not been examined in adults with TSC using event-related potentials (ERPs) that are able to capture distinct temporal stages of processing. METHODS: For adults with TSC (n = 14), 6 of which had a diagnosis of ASD, and control adults (n = 13) passively viewed upright and inverted human faces with direct or averted gaze, with concurrent EEG recording. Amplitude and latency of the P1 and N170 ERPs were measured. RESULTS: Individuals with TSC + ASD exhibited longer N170 latencies to faces compared to typical adults. Typical adults and adults with TSC-only exhibited longer N170 latency to inverted versus upright faces, whereas individuals with TSC + ASD did not show latency differences according to face orientation. In addition, individuals with TSC + ASD showed increased N170 latency to averted compared to direct gaze, which was not demonstrated in typical adults. A reduced lateralization was shown for the TSC + ASD groups on P1 and N170 amplitude. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that individuals with TSC + ASD may have similar electrophysiological abnormalities to idiopathic ASD and are suggestive of developmental delay. Identifying brain-based markers of ASD that are similar in TSC and idiopathic cases is likely to help elucidate the risk pathways to ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9129-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=348 [article] Autism diagnosis differentiates neurophysiological responses to faces in adults with tuberous sclerosis complex [texte imprimé] / Charlotte TYE, Auteur ; Teresa FARRONI, Auteur ; Ágnes VOLEIN, Auteur ; Evelyne MERCURE, Auteur ; Leslie TUCKER, Auteur ; Mark Henry JOHNSON, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur . - p.33. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.33 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Erp  Face  Gaze  Tuberous sclerosis complex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common and highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder that is likely to be the outcome of complex aetiological mechanisms. One strategy to provide insight is to study ASD within tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), a rare disorder with a high incidence of ASD, but for which the genetic cause is determined. Individuals with ASD consistently demonstrate face processing impairments, but these have not been examined in adults with TSC using event-related potentials (ERPs) that are able to capture distinct temporal stages of processing. METHODS: For adults with TSC (n = 14), 6 of which had a diagnosis of ASD, and control adults (n = 13) passively viewed upright and inverted human faces with direct or averted gaze, with concurrent EEG recording. Amplitude and latency of the P1 and N170 ERPs were measured. RESULTS: Individuals with TSC + ASD exhibited longer N170 latencies to faces compared to typical adults. Typical adults and adults with TSC-only exhibited longer N170 latency to inverted versus upright faces, whereas individuals with TSC + ASD did not show latency differences according to face orientation. In addition, individuals with TSC + ASD showed increased N170 latency to averted compared to direct gaze, which was not demonstrated in typical adults. A reduced lateralization was shown for the TSC + ASD groups on P1 and N170 amplitude. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that individuals with TSC + ASD may have similar electrophysiological abnormalities to idiopathic ASD and are suggestive of developmental delay. Identifying brain-based markers of ASD that are similar in TSC and idiopathic cases is likely to help elucidate the risk pathways to ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9129-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=348

Visual orienting in the early broader autism phenotype: disengagement and facilitation / Mayada ELSABBAGH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-5 (May 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-5 (May 2009) . - p.637-642 Titre : Visual orienting in the early broader autism phenotype: disengagement and facilitation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mayada ELSABBAGH, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Gergely CSIBRA, Auteur ; Leslie TUCKER, Auteur ; Karla HOLMBOE, Auteur ; Ágnes VOLEIN, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.637-642 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Infancy autism visual-attention gap-overlap-task disengagement Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Recent studies of infant siblings of children diagnosed with autism have allowed for a prospective approach to examine the emergence of symptoms and revealed behavioral differences in the broader autism phenotype within the early years. In the current study we focused on a set of functions associated with visual attention, previously reported to be atypical in autism. Method: We compared performance of a group of 9–10-month-old infant siblings of children with autism to a control group with no family history of autism on the 'gap-overlap task', which measures the cost of disengaging from a central stimulus in order to fixate a peripheral one. Two measures were derived on the basis of infants' saccadic reaction times. The first is the Disengagement effect, which measures the efficiency of disengaging from a central stimulus to orient to a peripheral one. The second was a Facilitation effect, which arises when the infant is cued by a temporal gap preceding the onset of the peripheral stimulus, and would orient faster after its onset. Results and conclusion: Infant siblings of children with autism showed longer Disengagement latencies as well as less Facilitation relative to the control group. The findings are discussed in relation to how differences in visual attention may relate to characteristics observed in autism and the broader phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02051.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=732 [article] Visual orienting in the early broader autism phenotype: disengagement and facilitation [texte imprimé] / Mayada ELSABBAGH, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Gergely CSIBRA, Auteur ; Leslie TUCKER, Auteur ; Karla HOLMBOE, Auteur ; Ágnes VOLEIN, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.637-642. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-5 (May 2009) . - p.637-642 Mots-clés : Infancy autism visual-attention gap-overlap-task disengagement Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Recent studies of infant siblings of children diagnosed with autism have allowed for a prospective approach to examine the emergence of symptoms and revealed behavioral differences in the broader autism phenotype within the early years. In the current study we focused on a set of functions associated with visual attention, previously reported to be atypical in autism. Method: We compared performance of a group of 9–10-month-old infant siblings of children with autism to a control group with no family history of autism on the 'gap-overlap task', which measures the cost of disengaging from a central stimulus in order to fixate a peripheral one. Two measures were derived on the basis of infants' saccadic reaction times. The first is the Disengagement effect, which measures the efficiency of disengaging from a central stimulus to orient to a peripheral one. The second was a Facilitation effect, which arises when the infant is cued by a temporal gap preceding the onset of the peripheral stimulus, and would orient faster after its onset. Results and conclusion: Infant siblings of children with autism showed longer Disengagement latencies as well as less Facilitation relative to the control group. The findings are discussed in relation to how differences in visual attention may relate to characteristics observed in autism and the broader phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02051.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=732

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