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Gaze aversion as a cognitive load management strategy in autism spectrum disorder and Williams syndrome / DOHERTY-SNEDDON GWYNETH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-4 (April 2012)
[article]
Titre : Gaze aversion as a cognitive load management strategy in autism spectrum disorder and Williams syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : DOHERTY-SNEDDON GWYNETH, Auteur ; Deborah M. RIBY, Auteur ; Lisa WHITTLE, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.420-430 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Eye contact gaze Williams syndrome gaze aversion autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: During face-to-face questioning, typically developing children and adults use gaze aversion (GA), away from their questioner, when thinking. GA increases with question difficulty and improves the accuracy of responses. This is the first study to investigate whether individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; associated with reduced sociability and atypical face gaze) and Williams syndrome (WS; associated with hypersociability and atypical face gaze) use GA to manage cognitive load during face-to-face interactions. Methods: Two studies were conducted exploring the typicality of GA during face-to-face questioning in (a) ASD and (b) WS. Results: In Study 1, children with ASD increased their GA as question difficulty increased. In addition, they used most GA when thinking about their responses to questions, mirroring evidence from typically developing children. An important atypicality for participants with ASD was a significantly higher level of GA when listening to interlocutors. In Study 2, participants with WS showed typical patterns of GA in relation to question difficulty and across different points of the interaction. Conclusions: Two different neuro-developmental disorders, both characterized by significant problems with executive control of attention and atypicalities of social interactions, exhibited generally typical patterns of GA. All groups used most GA while thinking about questions, and increased their GA as questions got harder. In addition, children with ASD showed elevated levels of GA while listening to questions, but not while thinking about or making their responses, suggesting that they sometimes fail to see the relevance of attending to visual cues rather than actively avoiding them. Results have important implications for how professionals interpret GA in these populations and for social skills training. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02481.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=152
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-4 (April 2012) . - p.420-430[article] Gaze aversion as a cognitive load management strategy in autism spectrum disorder and Williams syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / DOHERTY-SNEDDON GWYNETH, Auteur ; Deborah M. RIBY, Auteur ; Lisa WHITTLE, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.420-430.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-4 (April 2012) . - p.420-430
Mots-clés : Eye contact gaze Williams syndrome gaze aversion autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: During face-to-face questioning, typically developing children and adults use gaze aversion (GA), away from their questioner, when thinking. GA increases with question difficulty and improves the accuracy of responses. This is the first study to investigate whether individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; associated with reduced sociability and atypical face gaze) and Williams syndrome (WS; associated with hypersociability and atypical face gaze) use GA to manage cognitive load during face-to-face interactions. Methods: Two studies were conducted exploring the typicality of GA during face-to-face questioning in (a) ASD and (b) WS. Results: In Study 1, children with ASD increased their GA as question difficulty increased. In addition, they used most GA when thinking about their responses to questions, mirroring evidence from typically developing children. An important atypicality for participants with ASD was a significantly higher level of GA when listening to interlocutors. In Study 2, participants with WS showed typical patterns of GA in relation to question difficulty and across different points of the interaction. Conclusions: Two different neuro-developmental disorders, both characterized by significant problems with executive control of attention and atypicalities of social interactions, exhibited generally typical patterns of GA. All groups used most GA while thinking about questions, and increased their GA as questions got harder. In addition, children with ASD showed elevated levels of GA while listening to questions, but not while thinking about or making their responses, suggesting that they sometimes fail to see the relevance of attending to visual cues rather than actively avoiding them. Results have important implications for how professionals interpret GA in these populations and for social skills training. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02481.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=152 Affect and gaze responses during an Emotion-Evoking Task in infants at an increased likelihood for autism spectrum disorder / Lori-Ann R. SACREY in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)
[article]
Titre : Affect and gaze responses during an Emotion-Evoking Task in infants at an increased likelihood for autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lori-Ann R. SACREY, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; I. M. SMITH, Auteur ; V. ARMSTRONG, Auteur ; S. RAZA, Auteur ; T. VAILLANCOURT, Auteur ; Louis A. SCHMIDT, Auteur Article en page(s) : 63 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Affect Autism Emotion regulation Gaze Increased likelihood cohort Temperament Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The majority of research examining emotional difficulties in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prior to age 2 relies on parent report. METHODS: We examined behavioral responses (affect and gaze) during emotionally salient tasks designed to elicit mildly positive and negative emotional states in infants. At 12 and 18 months, infants at an increased likelihood for an ASD diagnosis (IL; have an older sibling with ASD; n = 60) and low likelihood (LL; no family history of ASD; n = 21) completed the Emotion-Evoking (EE) Task and parents completed the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (IBQ-R). All children received an Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale-second Edition assessment for ASD symptomatology at 24 months. RESULTS: The main findings were (1) the IL group displayed higher rates of negative affect and spent less time looking at the task objects compared to the LL group, and (2) affect and gaze scores at 12 and 18 months, but not scores on the IBQ-R, predicted ASD symptoms at 24 months. LIMITATIONS: The data were drawn from an IL sample and may not be generalizable to the general ASD population, and the children were not followed to determine a diagnosis of ASD. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that behavioral responses can provide important information that complements parent reports of emotional regulation in IL infants as early as 12 months of age. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00468-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459
in Molecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 63 p.[article] Affect and gaze responses during an Emotion-Evoking Task in infants at an increased likelihood for autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lori-Ann R. SACREY, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; I. M. SMITH, Auteur ; V. ARMSTRONG, Auteur ; S. RAZA, Auteur ; T. VAILLANCOURT, Auteur ; Louis A. SCHMIDT, Auteur . - 63 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 63 p.
Mots-clés : Affect Autism Emotion regulation Gaze Increased likelihood cohort Temperament Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The majority of research examining emotional difficulties in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prior to age 2 relies on parent report. METHODS: We examined behavioral responses (affect and gaze) during emotionally salient tasks designed to elicit mildly positive and negative emotional states in infants. At 12 and 18 months, infants at an increased likelihood for an ASD diagnosis (IL; have an older sibling with ASD; n = 60) and low likelihood (LL; no family history of ASD; n = 21) completed the Emotion-Evoking (EE) Task and parents completed the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (IBQ-R). All children received an Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale-second Edition assessment for ASD symptomatology at 24 months. RESULTS: The main findings were (1) the IL group displayed higher rates of negative affect and spent less time looking at the task objects compared to the LL group, and (2) affect and gaze scores at 12 and 18 months, but not scores on the IBQ-R, predicted ASD symptoms at 24 months. LIMITATIONS: The data were drawn from an IL sample and may not be generalizable to the general ASD population, and the children were not followed to determine a diagnosis of ASD. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that behavioral responses can provide important information that complements parent reports of emotional regulation in IL infants as early as 12 months of age. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00468-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459 Autonomic Arousal to Direct Gaze Correlates with Social Impairments Among Children with ASD / Miia KAARTINEN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42-9 (September 2012)
[article]
Titre : Autonomic Arousal to Direct Gaze Correlates with Social Impairments Among Children with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Miia KAARTINEN, Auteur ; Kaija PUURA, Auteur ; Tiina MAKELA, Auteur ; Mervi RANNISTO, Auteur ; Riina LEMPONEN, Auteur ; Mika HELMINEN, Auteur ; Raili SALMELIN, Auteur ; Sari-Leena HIMANEN, Auteur ; Jari K. HIETANEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1917-1927 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Eye contact Gaze Skin conductance Social skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study investigated whether autonomic arousal to direct gaze is related to social impairments among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Arousal was measured through skin conductance responses (SCR) while the participants (15 children with ASD and 16 control children) viewed a live face of another person. Impairments in social skills was assessed with the Developmental, Dimensional and Diagnostic Interview. The level of arousal enhancement to direct gaze in comparison to arousal to faces with averted gaze or closed eyes was positively associated with impairments in social skills (use of language and other social communication skills and use of gesture and non-verbal play) among children with ASD. There was no similar association among children without ASD. The role of arousal-related factors in influencing eye contact behaviour in ASD is discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1435-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=180
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-9 (September 2012) . - p.1917-1927[article] Autonomic Arousal to Direct Gaze Correlates with Social Impairments Among Children with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Miia KAARTINEN, Auteur ; Kaija PUURA, Auteur ; Tiina MAKELA, Auteur ; Mervi RANNISTO, Auteur ; Riina LEMPONEN, Auteur ; Mika HELMINEN, Auteur ; Raili SALMELIN, Auteur ; Sari-Leena HIMANEN, Auteur ; Jari K. HIETANEN, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1917-1927.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-9 (September 2012) . - p.1917-1927
Mots-clés : Autism Eye contact Gaze Skin conductance Social skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study investigated whether autonomic arousal to direct gaze is related to social impairments among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Arousal was measured through skin conductance responses (SCR) while the participants (15 children with ASD and 16 control children) viewed a live face of another person. Impairments in social skills was assessed with the Developmental, Dimensional and Diagnostic Interview. The level of arousal enhancement to direct gaze in comparison to arousal to faces with averted gaze or closed eyes was positively associated with impairments in social skills (use of language and other social communication skills and use of gesture and non-verbal play) among children with ASD. There was no similar association among children without ASD. The role of arousal-related factors in influencing eye contact behaviour in ASD is discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1435-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=180 Can gaze-cueing be helpful for detecting sound in autism spectrum disorder? / Shuo ZHAO in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-10 (October 2013)
[article]
Titre : Can gaze-cueing be helpful for detecting sound in autism spectrum disorder? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Shuo ZHAO, Auteur ; Shota UONO, Auteur ; Sayaka YOSHIMURA, Auteur ; Yasutaka KUBOTA, Auteur ; Motomi TOICHI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1250-1256 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Auditory Autism spectrum disorder Cross-modal Gaze Joint attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, including joint attention, but psychological studies generally have reported intact gaze-triggered joint attention in ASD. These studies used a uni-modal paradigm (i.e. visual cue–target pairs) with eyes or faces as cues and letters or dots as targets. However, it has not been determined whether joint attention is impaired under cross-modal conditions in ASD, although cross-modal impairment has been reported. This study investigated joint attention in ASD under cross-modal conditions with gaze stimuli as visual cues and two kinds of sound (social voice or non-social tone) stimuli as targets. The task for the subject was to locate the target sound and click as soon and as accurately as possible. The ASD group was impaired in joint attention when a tone was used as the target, while both groups showed joint attention to a voice. The results suggest that cross-modal joint attention is impaired in the ASD group when the cue–target relationship is weak (i.e. social cue and non-social target) while it is unimpaired when there is a strong cue–target relationship (i.e. social cue and social target). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.07.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-10 (October 2013) . - p.1250-1256[article] Can gaze-cueing be helpful for detecting sound in autism spectrum disorder? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shuo ZHAO, Auteur ; Shota UONO, Auteur ; Sayaka YOSHIMURA, Auteur ; Yasutaka KUBOTA, Auteur ; Motomi TOICHI, Auteur . - p.1250-1256.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-10 (October 2013) . - p.1250-1256
Mots-clés : Auditory Autism spectrum disorder Cross-modal Gaze Joint attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, including joint attention, but psychological studies generally have reported intact gaze-triggered joint attention in ASD. These studies used a uni-modal paradigm (i.e. visual cue–target pairs) with eyes or faces as cues and letters or dots as targets. However, it has not been determined whether joint attention is impaired under cross-modal conditions in ASD, although cross-modal impairment has been reported. This study investigated joint attention in ASD under cross-modal conditions with gaze stimuli as visual cues and two kinds of sound (social voice or non-social tone) stimuli as targets. The task for the subject was to locate the target sound and click as soon and as accurately as possible. The ASD group was impaired in joint attention when a tone was used as the target, while both groups showed joint attention to a voice. The results suggest that cross-modal joint attention is impaired in the ASD group when the cue–target relationship is weak (i.e. social cue and non-social target) while it is unimpaired when there is a strong cue–target relationship (i.e. social cue and social target). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.07.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212 The Role of Gaze Direction in Face Memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Safa R. ZAKI in Autism Research, 6-4 (August 2013)
[article]
Titre : The Role of Gaze Direction in Face Memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Safa R. ZAKI, Auteur ; Shannon A. JOHNSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.280-287 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder face recognition eye-contact face-processing gaze Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We tested the hypothesis that the direction of gaze of target faces may play a role in reported face recognition deficits in those with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In previous studies, typically developing children and adults better remembered faces in which the eyes were gazing directly at them compared with faces in which the eyes were averted. In the current study, high-functioning children and adolescents with an ASD and age- and IQ-matched typically developing controls were shown a series of pictures of faces in a study phase. These pictures were of individuals whose gaze was either directed straight ahead or whose gaze was averted to one side. We tested the memory for these study faces in a recognition task in which the faces were shown with their eyes closed. The typically developing group better remembered the direct-gaze faces, whereas the ASD participants did not show this effect. These results imply that there may be an important link between gaze direction and face recognition abilities in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1292 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212
in Autism Research > 6-4 (August 2013) . - p.280-287[article] The Role of Gaze Direction in Face Memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Safa R. ZAKI, Auteur ; Shannon A. JOHNSON, Auteur . - p.280-287.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 6-4 (August 2013) . - p.280-287
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder face recognition eye-contact face-processing gaze Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We tested the hypothesis that the direction of gaze of target faces may play a role in reported face recognition deficits in those with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In previous studies, typically developing children and adults better remembered faces in which the eyes were gazing directly at them compared with faces in which the eyes were averted. In the current study, high-functioning children and adolescents with an ASD and age- and IQ-matched typically developing controls were shown a series of pictures of faces in a study phase. These pictures were of individuals whose gaze was either directed straight ahead or whose gaze was averted to one side. We tested the memory for these study faces in a recognition task in which the faces were shown with their eyes closed. The typically developing group better remembered the direct-gaze faces, whereas the ASD participants did not show this effect. These results imply that there may be an important link between gaze direction and face recognition abilities in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1292 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212 Autism diagnosis differentiates neurophysiological responses to faces in adults with tuberous sclerosis complex / C. TYE in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 7-1 (December 2015)
PermalinkAutistic differences in the temporal dynamics of social attention / N. HEDGER in Autism, 25-6 (August 2021)
PermalinkAutistic differences in the temporal dynamics of social attention / Nicholas HEDGER in Autism, 26-6 (August 2022)
PermalinkBasic oculomotor function is similar in young children with ASD and typically developing controls / Inbar AVNI in Autism Research, 14-12 (December 2021)
PermalinkBehavioral and physiological differences during an emotion-evoking task in children at increased likelihood for autism spectrum disorder / Lori-Ann R. SACREY in Development and Psychopathology, 36-1 (February 2024)
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