Child and context characteristics in trajectories of physical and relational victimization among early elementary school children / Gerald F. GIESBRECHT in Development and Psychopathology, 23-1 (January 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 23-1 (January 2011) . - p.239-252 Titre : Child and context characteristics in trajectories of physical and relational victimization among early elementary school children Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur ; Bonnie J. LEADBEATER, Auteur ; Stuart W.S. MACDONALD, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.239-252 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Transactional models suggest that peer victimization results from both individual and context differences, and understanding these differences may point to important targets for prevention and interventions that reduce victimization. Multilevel modeling was used to examine within-person (aggression and emotional dysregulation), between-person (sex and age), and between-school (participation in a victimization prevention program) factors that influence changes in physical and relational victimization over the first three years of elementary school. Children (n = 423) reported their experiences of peer victimization at entry into Grade 1 and at the end of Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3. On average, trajectories of both physical and relational victimization declined. However, for individual children, teacher-rated aggression was associated with increases in physical and relational victimization, while emotional dysregulation was associated with attenuation of longitudinal declines in physical victimization and increases in relational victimization. Individual differences in sex and age at entry into Grade 1 did not significantly influence victimization trajectories over Grades 1 to 3. Children who participated in the WITS® victimization prevention program showed significant declines in physical and relational victimization. Levels of victimization among nonparticipants remained stable. Implications of child and context characteristics for preventing peer victimization in elementary school are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579410000763 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=117 [article] Child and context characteristics in trajectories of physical and relational victimization among early elementary school children [texte imprimé] / Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur ; Bonnie J. LEADBEATER, Auteur ; Stuart W.S. MACDONALD, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.239-252. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 23-1 (January 2011) . - p.239-252 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Transactional models suggest that peer victimization results from both individual and context differences, and understanding these differences may point to important targets for prevention and interventions that reduce victimization. Multilevel modeling was used to examine within-person (aggression and emotional dysregulation), between-person (sex and age), and between-school (participation in a victimization prevention program) factors that influence changes in physical and relational victimization over the first three years of elementary school. Children (n = 423) reported their experiences of peer victimization at entry into Grade 1 and at the end of Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3. On average, trajectories of both physical and relational victimization declined. However, for individual children, teacher-rated aggression was associated with increases in physical and relational victimization, while emotional dysregulation was associated with attenuation of longitudinal declines in physical victimization and increases in relational victimization. Individual differences in sex and age at entry into Grade 1 did not significantly influence victimization trajectories over Grades 1 to 3. Children who participated in the WITS® victimization prevention program showed significant declines in physical and relational victimization. Levels of victimization among nonparticipants remained stable. Implications of child and context characteristics for preventing peer victimization in elementary school are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579410000763 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=117

Latent class trajectories of infant temperament and associations with problem behavior at two years of age / Gerald F. GIESBRECHT in Development and Psychopathology, 34-1 (February 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 34-1 (February 2022) . - p.69-84 Titre : Latent class trajectories of infant temperament and associations with problem behavior at two years of age Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur ; Nicole LETOURNEAU, Auteur ; Deborah DEWEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.69-84 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Alberta pregnancy outcomes and nutrition study  developmental trajectories  infant temperament  internalizing and externalizing behavior  latent class growth modeling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individual differences in temperament have been well-described, but individual differences in temperament trajectories require elaboration. Specifically, it is unknown if subgroups of infants display different developmental patterns and if these patterns relate to later behavioral problems. The aims were to identify distinct developmental patterns in broad dimensions of temperament among typically developing infants, to determine whether these developmental patterns differ by sex, to evaluate how developmental patterns within each dimension of temperament relate to developmental patterns within other dimensions of temperament, and to determine whether developmental patterns of infant temperament are associated with internalizing and externalizing behavior at 2 years of age. Data from the longitudinal Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition study (n = 1,819) were used to model latent class trajectories of parent-reported infant temperament at 3, 6, and 12 months. Four to five unique latent trajectories were identified within each temperament dimension. Sex was not associated with trajectory groups. Developmental coordination was observed between trajectories of negative emotionality and regulatory capacity, and between regulatory capacity and positive affect, but not between positive affect and negative emotionality. Negative emotionality and regulatory capacity predicted internalizing and externalizing behavior. Patterns of development in infant temperament, and not just intensity of temperament, contribute toward later problem behavior. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420000991 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=474 [article] Latent class trajectories of infant temperament and associations with problem behavior at two years of age [texte imprimé] / Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur ; Nicole LETOURNEAU, Auteur ; Deborah DEWEY, Auteur . - p.69-84. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 34-1 (February 2022) . - p.69-84 Mots-clés : Alberta pregnancy outcomes and nutrition study  developmental trajectories  infant temperament  internalizing and externalizing behavior  latent class growth modeling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individual differences in temperament have been well-described, but individual differences in temperament trajectories require elaboration. Specifically, it is unknown if subgroups of infants display different developmental patterns and if these patterns relate to later behavioral problems. The aims were to identify distinct developmental patterns in broad dimensions of temperament among typically developing infants, to determine whether these developmental patterns differ by sex, to evaluate how developmental patterns within each dimension of temperament relate to developmental patterns within other dimensions of temperament, and to determine whether developmental patterns of infant temperament are associated with internalizing and externalizing behavior at 2 years of age. Data from the longitudinal Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition study (n = 1,819) were used to model latent class trajectories of parent-reported infant temperament at 3, 6, and 12 months. Four to five unique latent trajectories were identified within each temperament dimension. Sex was not associated with trajectory groups. Developmental coordination was observed between trajectories of negative emotionality and regulatory capacity, and between regulatory capacity and positive affect, but not between positive affect and negative emotionality. Negative emotionality and regulatory capacity predicted internalizing and externalizing behavior. Patterns of development in infant temperament, and not just intensity of temperament, contribute toward later problem behavior. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420000991 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=474

Sexually dimorphic and interactive effects of prenatal maternal cortisol and psychological distress on infant cortisol reactivity / Gerald F. GIESBRECHT in Development and Psychopathology, 29-3 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 29-3 (August 2017) . - p.805-818 Titre : Sexually dimorphic and interactive effects of prenatal maternal cortisol and psychological distress on infant cortisol reactivity Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur ; Nicole LETOURNEAU, Auteur ; Tavis S. CAMPBELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.805-818 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract In utero exposure to maternal psychological distress is a risk factor for developmental psychopathology, and these effects are believed to partially occur via dysregulation of the maternal and fetal hypothalamus–adrenal–pituitary axes. Nevertheless, only a few human studies have directly assessed the effects of prenatal cortisol exposure on infant cortisol reactivity, and none have investigated sex differences or potential interactions between prenatal cortisol and psychological distress. Here we report on a prospective longitudinal investigation (N = 236) of in utero exposure to maternal cortisol and distress in a relatively high socioeconomic status and low-risk population to determine whether these exposures interact in their effects on infant (M age = 3.0 months, range = 2.3–5.0 months, 51.9% male) cortisol reactivity and whether there are sex differences in these effects. Results revealed both sexually dimorphic and interactive effects of prenatal cortisol and distress, even after controlling for postnatal distress. In general, blunted reactivity in females was associated with exposure to high maternal distress and flattened patterns of diurnal maternal cortisol, whereas blunted reactivity in males was associated with exposure to steeper morning increases and daytime decreases in maternal cortisol. The findings suggest that sex differences in the effects of prenatal cortisol and distress on infant cortisol reactivity are a plausible mechanism by which maternal experiences during pregnancy contribute to sex differences in the development of psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579416000493 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311 [article] Sexually dimorphic and interactive effects of prenatal maternal cortisol and psychological distress on infant cortisol reactivity [texte imprimé] / Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur ; Nicole LETOURNEAU, Auteur ; Tavis S. CAMPBELL, Auteur . - p.805-818. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 29-3 (August 2017) . - p.805-818 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract In utero exposure to maternal psychological distress is a risk factor for developmental psychopathology, and these effects are believed to partially occur via dysregulation of the maternal and fetal hypothalamus–adrenal–pituitary axes. Nevertheless, only a few human studies have directly assessed the effects of prenatal cortisol exposure on infant cortisol reactivity, and none have investigated sex differences or potential interactions between prenatal cortisol and psychological distress. Here we report on a prospective longitudinal investigation (N = 236) of in utero exposure to maternal cortisol and distress in a relatively high socioeconomic status and low-risk population to determine whether these exposures interact in their effects on infant (M age = 3.0 months, range = 2.3–5.0 months, 51.9% male) cortisol reactivity and whether there are sex differences in these effects. Results revealed both sexually dimorphic and interactive effects of prenatal cortisol and distress, even after controlling for postnatal distress. In general, blunted reactivity in females was associated with exposure to high maternal distress and flattened patterns of diurnal maternal cortisol, whereas blunted reactivity in males was associated with exposure to steeper morning increases and daytime decreases in maternal cortisol. The findings suggest that sex differences in the effects of prenatal cortisol and distress on infant cortisol reactivity are a plausible mechanism by which maternal experiences during pregnancy contribute to sex differences in the development of psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579416000493 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311

Social buffering of the maternal and infant HPA axes: Mediation and moderation in the intergenerational transmission of adverse childhood experiences / Jenna C. THOMAS in Development and Psychopathology, 30-3 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 30-3 (August 2018) . - p.921-939 Titre : Social buffering of the maternal and infant HPA axes: Mediation and moderation in the intergenerational transmission of adverse childhood experiences Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jenna C. THOMAS, Auteur ; Nicole LETOURNEAU, Auteur ; Tavis S. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.921-939 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Supportive social relationships can reduce both psychological and physiological responses to stressful experiences. Recently, studies have also assessed the potential for social relationships to buffer the intergenerational transmission of stress. The majority of these studies, however, have focussed on social learning as a mechanism responsible for the intergenerational transmission of stress. Evidence of biological mechanisms is lacking. The objective of the current study was, therefore, to determine whether the association between maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and infant hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function is mediated by maternal HPA axis function during pregnancy and moderated by social support. Data were from 243 mother-infant dyads enrolled in a prospective longitudinal cohort (the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition Study). Maternal history of ACEs was retrospectively assessed while maternal perceived social support and salivary cortisol were assessed prospectively at 6-22 weeks gestation (Time 1) and 27-37 weeks gestation (Time 2), and infant cortisol reactivity to a laboratory stressor and maternal perceived social support were assessed at 5-10 months postnatal (Time 3). Results revealed that maternal HPA axis function during pregnancy mediated the effects of maternal ACEs on infant HPA axis reactivity, suggesting that the maternal HPA axis is a mechanism by which maternal early life stress is transmitted to offspring. Furthermore, social support in the prenatal and postnatal periods moderated the cascade from maternal ACEs to infant HPA axis reactivity. Specifically, prenatal social support moderated the association between ACEs and maternal HPA axis function during pregnancy, and postnatal social support moderated the association between maternal HPA axis function and infant cortisol reactivity. These findings highlight the social sensitivity of the HPA axis and suggest the utility of social relationships as an intervention target to reduce the effects of maternal early life stress on infant outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579418000512 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] Social buffering of the maternal and infant HPA axes: Mediation and moderation in the intergenerational transmission of adverse childhood experiences [texte imprimé] / Jenna C. THOMAS, Auteur ; Nicole LETOURNEAU, Auteur ; Tavis S. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur . - p.921-939. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 30-3 (August 2018) . - p.921-939 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Supportive social relationships can reduce both psychological and physiological responses to stressful experiences. Recently, studies have also assessed the potential for social relationships to buffer the intergenerational transmission of stress. The majority of these studies, however, have focussed on social learning as a mechanism responsible for the intergenerational transmission of stress. Evidence of biological mechanisms is lacking. The objective of the current study was, therefore, to determine whether the association between maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and infant hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function is mediated by maternal HPA axis function during pregnancy and moderated by social support. Data were from 243 mother-infant dyads enrolled in a prospective longitudinal cohort (the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition Study). Maternal history of ACEs was retrospectively assessed while maternal perceived social support and salivary cortisol were assessed prospectively at 6-22 weeks gestation (Time 1) and 27-37 weeks gestation (Time 2), and infant cortisol reactivity to a laboratory stressor and maternal perceived social support were assessed at 5-10 months postnatal (Time 3). Results revealed that maternal HPA axis function during pregnancy mediated the effects of maternal ACEs on infant HPA axis reactivity, suggesting that the maternal HPA axis is a mechanism by which maternal early life stress is transmitted to offspring. Furthermore, social support in the prenatal and postnatal periods moderated the cascade from maternal ACEs to infant HPA axis reactivity. Specifically, prenatal social support moderated the association between ACEs and maternal HPA axis function during pregnancy, and postnatal social support moderated the association between maternal HPA axis function and infant cortisol reactivity. These findings highlight the social sensitivity of the HPA axis and suggest the utility of social relationships as an intervention target to reduce the effects of maternal early life stress on infant outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579418000512 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

The role of HPA-axis function during pregnancy in the intergenerational transmission of maternal adverse childhood experiences to child behavior problems / Jenna C. THOMAS-ARGYRIOU in Development and Psychopathology, 33-1 (February 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.284-300 Titre : The role of HPA-axis function during pregnancy in the intergenerational transmission of maternal adverse childhood experiences to child behavior problems Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jenna C. THOMAS-ARGYRIOU, Auteur ; Nicole LETOURNEAU, Auteur ; Deborah DEWEY, Auteur ; Tavis S. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.284-300 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : HPA axis  adverse childhood experiences  child behavior  intergenerational transmission of stress  pregnancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The current study aimed to understand the mediating and/or moderating role of prenatal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function in the association between maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and child internalizing and externalizing behavior problems at age 4. The influence of timing and child sex were also explored. Participants were 248 mother-child dyads enrolled in a prospective longitudinal cohort study (the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition Study). Maternal ACEs were retrospectively assessed while maternal self-reported depression and diurnal salivary cortisol were assessed prospectively at 6-26 weeks gestation (T1) and 27-37 weeks gestation (T2). Maternal report of child internalizing and externalizing problems was assessed at 4 years (T3). Results revealed that there was a negative indirect association between maternal ACEs and child internalizing behavior via a higher maternal cortisol awakening response (CAR). Maternal diurnal cortisol slope moderated the association between maternal ACEs and child behavior problems. Some of these effects were dependent on child sex, such that higher ACEs and a flatter diurnal slope at T1 was associated with more internalizing behavior in female children and more externalizing behavior in male children. There were timing effects such that the mediating and moderating effects were strongest at T1. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419001767 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442 [article] The role of HPA-axis function during pregnancy in the intergenerational transmission of maternal adverse childhood experiences to child behavior problems [texte imprimé] / Jenna C. THOMAS-ARGYRIOU, Auteur ; Nicole LETOURNEAU, Auteur ; Deborah DEWEY, Auteur ; Tavis S. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Gerald F. GIESBRECHT, Auteur . - p.284-300. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.284-300 Mots-clés : HPA axis  adverse childhood experiences  child behavior  intergenerational transmission of stress  pregnancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The current study aimed to understand the mediating and/or moderating role of prenatal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function in the association between maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and child internalizing and externalizing behavior problems at age 4. The influence of timing and child sex were also explored. Participants were 248 mother-child dyads enrolled in a prospective longitudinal cohort study (the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition Study). Maternal ACEs were retrospectively assessed while maternal self-reported depression and diurnal salivary cortisol were assessed prospectively at 6-26 weeks gestation (T1) and 27-37 weeks gestation (T2). Maternal report of child internalizing and externalizing problems was assessed at 4 years (T3). Results revealed that there was a negative indirect association between maternal ACEs and child internalizing behavior via a higher maternal cortisol awakening response (CAR). Maternal diurnal cortisol slope moderated the association between maternal ACEs and child behavior problems. Some of these effects were dependent on child sex, such that higher ACEs and a flatter diurnal slope at T1 was associated with more internalizing behavior in female children and more externalizing behavior in male children. There were timing effects such that the mediating and moderating effects were strongest at T1. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419001767 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442

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