Investigating the Use of World Knowledge During On-line Comprehension in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Philippa L. HOWARD in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-7 (July 2017) . - p.2039-2053 Titre : Investigating the Use of World Knowledge During On-line Comprehension in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Philippa L. HOWARD, Auteur ; Simon P. LIVERSEDGE, Auteur ; Valerie BENSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2039-2053 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Reading  Sentence processing  Semantics  World knowledge  Plausibility Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The on-line use of world knowledge during reading was examined in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Both ASD and typically developed adults read sentences that included plausible, implausible and anomalous thematic relations, as their eye movements were monitored. No group differences in the speed of detection of the anomalous violations were found, but the ASD group showed a delay in detection of implausible thematic relations. These findings suggest that there are subtle differences in the speed of world knowledge processing during reading in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3129-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=313 [article] Investigating the Use of World Knowledge During On-line Comprehension in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Philippa L. HOWARD, Auteur ; Simon P. LIVERSEDGE, Auteur ; Valerie BENSON, Auteur . - p.2039-2053. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-7 (July 2017) . - p.2039-2053 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Reading  Sentence processing  Semantics  World knowledge  Plausibility Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The on-line use of world knowledge during reading was examined in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Both ASD and typically developed adults read sentences that included plausible, implausible and anomalous thematic relations, as their eye movements were monitored. No group differences in the speed of detection of the anomalous violations were found, but the ASD group showed a delay in detection of implausible thematic relations. These findings suggest that there are subtle differences in the speed of world knowledge processing during reading in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3129-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=313

Processing of co-reference in autism spectrum disorder / Philippa L. HOWARD in Autism Research, 10-12 (December 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-12 (December 2017) . - p.1968-1980 Titre : Processing of co-reference in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Philippa L. HOWARD, Auteur ; Simon P. LIVERSEDGE, Auteur ; Valerie BENSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1968-1980 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : co-reference  discourse  eye movements  reading Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Accuracy for reading comprehension and inferencing tasks has previously been reported as reduced for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), relative to typically developing (TD) controls. In this study, we used an eye movements and reading paradigm to examine whether this difference in performance accuracy is underpinned by differences in the inferential work required to compute a co-referential link. Participants read two sentences that contained a category noun (e.g., bird) that was preceded by and co-referred to an exemplar that was either typical (e.g., pigeon) or atypical (e.g., penguin). Both TD and ASD participants showed an effect of typicality for gaze durations upon the category noun, with longer times being observed when the exemplar was atypical, in comparison to typical. No group differences or interactions were detected for target processing, and verbal language proficiency was found to predict general reading and inferential skill. The only difference between groups was that individuals with ASD engaged in more re-reading than TD participants. These data suggest that readers with ASD do not differ in the efficiency with which they compute anaphoric links on-line during reading. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1968–1980. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have previously been reported to have difficulties with reading comprehension. This study examined whether a difference in the speed with which individuals with ASD form connections between words (co-reference processing) may contribute to comprehension difficulties. No evidence was found to suggest that ASD readers differ to typically developing readers in the speed of co-reference processing. Therefore, this data would suggest that differences in co-reference processing are unlikely to account for reading comprehension difficulties in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1845 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=323 [article] Processing of co-reference in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Philippa L. HOWARD, Auteur ; Simon P. LIVERSEDGE, Auteur ; Valerie BENSON, Auteur . - p.1968-1980. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-12 (December 2017) . - p.1968-1980 Mots-clés : co-reference  discourse  eye movements  reading Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Accuracy for reading comprehension and inferencing tasks has previously been reported as reduced for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), relative to typically developing (TD) controls. In this study, we used an eye movements and reading paradigm to examine whether this difference in performance accuracy is underpinned by differences in the inferential work required to compute a co-referential link. Participants read two sentences that contained a category noun (e.g., bird) that was preceded by and co-referred to an exemplar that was either typical (e.g., pigeon) or atypical (e.g., penguin). Both TD and ASD participants showed an effect of typicality for gaze durations upon the category noun, with longer times being observed when the exemplar was atypical, in comparison to typical. No group differences or interactions were detected for target processing, and verbal language proficiency was found to predict general reading and inferential skill. The only difference between groups was that individuals with ASD engaged in more re-reading than TD participants. These data suggest that readers with ASD do not differ in the efficiency with which they compute anaphoric links on-line during reading. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1968–1980. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have previously been reported to have difficulties with reading comprehension. This study examined whether a difference in the speed with which individuals with ASD form connections between words (co-reference processing) may contribute to comprehension difficulties. No evidence was found to suggest that ASD readers differ to typically developing readers in the speed of co-reference processing. Therefore, this data would suggest that differences in co-reference processing are unlikely to account for reading comprehension difficulties in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1845 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=323

Processing of Written Irony in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Eye-Movement Study / Sheena K. AU-YEUNG in Autism Research, 8-6 (December 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-6 (December 2015) . - p.749-760 Titre : Processing of Written Irony in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Eye-Movement Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sheena K. AU-YEUNG, Auteur ; Johanna K. KAAKINEN, Auteur ; Simon P. LIVERSEDGE, Auteur ; Valerie BENSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.749-760 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : irony, figurative language  autism  eye movements  weak central coherence  complex information processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous research has suggested that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have difficulties understanding others communicative intent and with using contextual information to correctly interpret irony. We recorded the eye movements of typically developing (TD) adults ASD adults when they read statements that could either be interpreted as ironic or non-ironic depending on the context of the passage. Participants with ASD performed as well as TD controls in their comprehension accuracy for speaker's statements in both ironic and non-ironic conditions. Eye movement data showed that for both participant groups, total reading times were longer for the critical region containing the speaker's statement and a subsequent sentence restating the context in the ironic condition compared to the non-ironic condition. The results suggest that more effortful processing is required in both ASD and TD participants for ironic compared with literal non-ironic statements, and that individuals with ASD were able to use contextual information to infer a non-literal interpretation of ironic text. Individuals with ASD, however, spent more time overall than TD controls rereading the passages, to a similar degree across both ironic and non-ironic conditions, suggesting that they either take longer to construct a coherent discourse representation of the text, or that they take longer to make the decision that their representation of the text is reasonable based on their knowledge of the world. Autism Res 2015, 8: 749–760. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1490 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=278 [article] Processing of Written Irony in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Eye-Movement Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sheena K. AU-YEUNG, Auteur ; Johanna K. KAAKINEN, Auteur ; Simon P. LIVERSEDGE, Auteur ; Valerie BENSON, Auteur . - p.749-760. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-6 (December 2015) . - p.749-760 Mots-clés : irony, figurative language  autism  eye movements  weak central coherence  complex information processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous research has suggested that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have difficulties understanding others communicative intent and with using contextual information to correctly interpret irony. We recorded the eye movements of typically developing (TD) adults ASD adults when they read statements that could either be interpreted as ironic or non-ironic depending on the context of the passage. Participants with ASD performed as well as TD controls in their comprehension accuracy for speaker's statements in both ironic and non-ironic conditions. Eye movement data showed that for both participant groups, total reading times were longer for the critical region containing the speaker's statement and a subsequent sentence restating the context in the ironic condition compared to the non-ironic condition. The results suggest that more effortful processing is required in both ASD and TD participants for ironic compared with literal non-ironic statements, and that individuals with ASD were able to use contextual information to infer a non-literal interpretation of ironic text. Individuals with ASD, however, spent more time overall than TD controls rereading the passages, to a similar degree across both ironic and non-ironic conditions, suggesting that they either take longer to construct a coherent discourse representation of the text, or that they take longer to make the decision that their representation of the text is reasonable based on their knowledge of the world. Autism Res 2015, 8: 749–760. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1490 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=278

The influence of emotional stimuli on attention orienting and inhibitory control in pediatric anxiety / Sven C. MUELLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-8 (August 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-8 (August 2012) . - p.856-863 Titre : The influence of emotional stimuli on attention orienting and inhibitory control in pediatric anxiety Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sven C. MUELLER, Auteur ; Michael G. HARDIN, Auteur ; Karin MOGG, Auteur ; Valerie BENSON, Auteur ; Brendan P. BRADLEY, Auteur ; Marie Louise REINHOLDT-DUNNE, Auteur ; Simon P. LIVERSEDGE, Auteur ; Daniel Samuel PINE, Auteur ; Monique ERNST, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.856-863 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety  development  children  emotion  orienting  inhibition  bias  saccade Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent in children and adolescents, and are associated with aberrant emotion-related attention orienting and inhibitory control. While recent studies conducted with high-trait anxious adults have employed novel emotion-modified antisaccade tasks to examine the influence of emotional information on orienting and inhibition, similar studies have yet to be conducted in youths. Methods:  Participants were 22 children/adolescents diagnosed with an anxiety disorder, and 22 age-matched healthy comparison youths. Participants completed an emotion-modified antisaccade task that was similar to those used in studies of high-trait anxious adults. This task probed the influence of abruptly appearing neutral, happy, angry, or fear stimuli on orienting (prosaccade) or inhibitory (antisaccade) responses. Results:  Anxious compared to healthy children showed facilitated orienting toward angry stimuli. With respect to inhibitory processes, threat-related information improved antisaccade accuracy in healthy but not anxious youth. These findings were not linked to individual levels of reported anxiety or specific anxiety disorders. Conclusions:  Findings suggest that anxious relative to healthy children manifest enhanced orienting toward threat-related stimuli. In addition, the current findings suggest that threat may modulate inhibitory control during adolescent development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02541.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=177 [article] The influence of emotional stimuli on attention orienting and inhibitory control in pediatric anxiety [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sven C. MUELLER, Auteur ; Michael G. HARDIN, Auteur ; Karin MOGG, Auteur ; Valerie BENSON, Auteur ; Brendan P. BRADLEY, Auteur ; Marie Louise REINHOLDT-DUNNE, Auteur ; Simon P. LIVERSEDGE, Auteur ; Daniel Samuel PINE, Auteur ; Monique ERNST, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.856-863. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-8 (August 2012) . - p.856-863 Mots-clés : Anxiety  development  children  emotion  orienting  inhibition  bias  saccade Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent in children and adolescents, and are associated with aberrant emotion-related attention orienting and inhibitory control. While recent studies conducted with high-trait anxious adults have employed novel emotion-modified antisaccade tasks to examine the influence of emotional information on orienting and inhibition, similar studies have yet to be conducted in youths. Methods:  Participants were 22 children/adolescents diagnosed with an anxiety disorder, and 22 age-matched healthy comparison youths. Participants completed an emotion-modified antisaccade task that was similar to those used in studies of high-trait anxious adults. This task probed the influence of abruptly appearing neutral, happy, angry, or fear stimuli on orienting (prosaccade) or inhibitory (antisaccade) responses. Results:  Anxious compared to healthy children showed facilitated orienting toward angry stimuli. With respect to inhibitory processes, threat-related information improved antisaccade accuracy in healthy but not anxious youth. These findings were not linked to individual levels of reported anxiety or specific anxiety disorders. Conclusions:  Findings suggest that anxious relative to healthy children manifest enhanced orienting toward threat-related stimuli. In addition, the current findings suggest that threat may modulate inhibitory control during adolescent development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02541.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=177

---

1 (1 - 4 / 4)