Childhood trauma and cognitive functioning in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis / T. VELIKONJA in Development and Psychopathology, 33-1 (February 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.53-64 Titre : Childhood trauma and cognitive functioning in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : T. VELIKONJA, Auteur ; E. VELTHORST, Auteur ; J. ZINBERG, Auteur ; Tyrone D. CANNON, Auteur ; Barbara A. CORNBLATT, Auteur ; Diana O. PERKINS, Auteur ; Kristin S. CADENHEAD, Auteur ; M. T. TSUANG, Auteur ; Jean ADDINGTON, Auteur ; S. W. WOODS, Auteur ; T. MCGLASHAN, Auteur ; D. H. MATHALON, Auteur ; W. STONE, Auteur ; M. KESHAVAN, Auteur ; L. SEIDMAN, Auteur ; Carrie E. BEARDEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.53-64 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : childhood trauma  clinical high risk  nonsocial cognition  psychosis  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence suggests that early trauma may have a negative effect on cognitive functioning in individuals with psychosis, yet the relationship between childhood trauma and cognition among those at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis remains unexplored. Our sample consisted of 626 CHR children and 279 healthy controls who were recruited as part of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study 2. Childhood trauma up to the age of 16 (psychological, physical, and sexual abuse, emotional neglect, and bullying) was assessed by using the Childhood Trauma and Abuse Scale. Multiple domains of cognition were measured at baseline and at the time of psychosis conversion, using standardized assessments. In the CHR group, there was a trend for better performance in individuals who reported a history of multiple types of childhood trauma compared with those with no/one type of trauma (Cohen d = 0.16). A history of multiple trauma types was not associated with greater cognitive change in CHR converters over time. Our findings tentatively suggest there may be different mechanisms that lead to CHR states. Individuals who are at clinical high risk who have experienced multiple types of childhood trauma may have more typically developing premorbid cognitive functioning than those who reported minimal trauma do. Further research is needed to unravel the complexity of factors underlying the development of at-risk states. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457941900155x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442 [article] Childhood trauma and cognitive functioning in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / T. VELIKONJA, Auteur ; E. VELTHORST, Auteur ; J. ZINBERG, Auteur ; Tyrone D. CANNON, Auteur ; Barbara A. CORNBLATT, Auteur ; Diana O. PERKINS, Auteur ; Kristin S. CADENHEAD, Auteur ; M. T. TSUANG, Auteur ; Jean ADDINGTON, Auteur ; S. W. WOODS, Auteur ; T. MCGLASHAN, Auteur ; D. H. MATHALON, Auteur ; W. STONE, Auteur ; M. KESHAVAN, Auteur ; L. SEIDMAN, Auteur ; Carrie E. BEARDEN, Auteur . - p.53-64. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.53-64 Mots-clés : childhood trauma  clinical high risk  nonsocial cognition  psychosis  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence suggests that early trauma may have a negative effect on cognitive functioning in individuals with psychosis, yet the relationship between childhood trauma and cognition among those at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis remains unexplored. Our sample consisted of 626 CHR children and 279 healthy controls who were recruited as part of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study 2. Childhood trauma up to the age of 16 (psychological, physical, and sexual abuse, emotional neglect, and bullying) was assessed by using the Childhood Trauma and Abuse Scale. Multiple domains of cognition were measured at baseline and at the time of psychosis conversion, using standardized assessments. In the CHR group, there was a trend for better performance in individuals who reported a history of multiple types of childhood trauma compared with those with no/one type of trauma (Cohen d = 0.16). A history of multiple trauma types was not associated with greater cognitive change in CHR converters over time. Our findings tentatively suggest there may be different mechanisms that lead to CHR states. Individuals who are at clinical high risk who have experienced multiple types of childhood trauma may have more typically developing premorbid cognitive functioning than those who reported minimal trauma do. Further research is needed to unravel the complexity of factors underlying the development of at-risk states. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457941900155x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442

Potentially important periods of change in the development of social and role functioning in youth at clinical high risk for psychosis / Eva VELTHORST in Development and Psychopathology, 30-1 (February 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 30-1 (February 2018) . - p.39-47 Titre : Potentially important periods of change in the development of social and role functioning in youth at clinical high risk for psychosis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eva VELTHORST, Auteur ; Jamie ZINBERG, Auteur ; Jean ADDINGTON, Auteur ; Kristin S. CADENHEAD, Auteur ; Tyrone D. CANNON, Auteur ; Ricardo E. CARRIÓN, Auteur ; Andrea M. AUTHER, Auteur ; Barbara A. CORNBLATT, Auteur ; Thomas H. MCGLASHAN, Auteur ; Daniel H. MATHALON, Auteur ; Diana O. PERKINS, Auteur ; Larry J. SEIDMAN, Auteur ; Ming T. TSUANG, Auteur ; Elaine F. WALKER, Auteur ; Scott W. WOODS, Auteur ; Abraham REICHENBERG, Auteur ; Carrie E. BEARDEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.39-47 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The developmental course of daily functioning prior to first psychosis-onset remains poorly understood. This study explored age-related periods of change in social and role functioning. The longitudinal study included youth (aged 12–23, mean follow-up years = 1.19) at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis (converters [CHR-C], n = 83; nonconverters [CHR-NC], n = 275) and a healthy control group (n = 164). Mixed-model analyses were performed to determine age-related differences in social and role functioning. We limited our analyses to functioning before psychosis conversion; thus, data of CHR-C participants gathered after psychosis onset were excluded. In controls, social and role functioning improved over time. From at least age 12, functioning in CHR was poorer than in controls, and this lag persisted over time. Between ages 15 and 18, social functioning in CHR-C stagnated and diverged from that of CHR-NC, who continued to improve (p = .001). Subsequently, CHR-C lagged behind in improvement between ages 21 and 23, further distinguishing them from CHR-NC (p < .001). A similar period of stagnation was apparent for role functioning, but to a lesser extent (p = .007). The results remained consistent when we accounted for the time to conversion. Our findings suggest that CHR-C start lagging behind CHR-NC in social and role functioning in adolescence, followed by a period of further stagnation in adulthood. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417000451 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=335 [article] Potentially important periods of change in the development of social and role functioning in youth at clinical high risk for psychosis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eva VELTHORST, Auteur ; Jamie ZINBERG, Auteur ; Jean ADDINGTON, Auteur ; Kristin S. CADENHEAD, Auteur ; Tyrone D. CANNON, Auteur ; Ricardo E. CARRIÓN, Auteur ; Andrea M. AUTHER, Auteur ; Barbara A. CORNBLATT, Auteur ; Thomas H. MCGLASHAN, Auteur ; Daniel H. MATHALON, Auteur ; Diana O. PERKINS, Auteur ; Larry J. SEIDMAN, Auteur ; Ming T. TSUANG, Auteur ; Elaine F. WALKER, Auteur ; Scott W. WOODS, Auteur ; Abraham REICHENBERG, Auteur ; Carrie E. BEARDEN, Auteur . - p.39-47. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 30-1 (February 2018) . - p.39-47 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The developmental course of daily functioning prior to first psychosis-onset remains poorly understood. This study explored age-related periods of change in social and role functioning. The longitudinal study included youth (aged 12–23, mean follow-up years = 1.19) at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis (converters [CHR-C], n = 83; nonconverters [CHR-NC], n = 275) and a healthy control group (n = 164). Mixed-model analyses were performed to determine age-related differences in social and role functioning. We limited our analyses to functioning before psychosis conversion; thus, data of CHR-C participants gathered after psychosis onset were excluded. In controls, social and role functioning improved over time. From at least age 12, functioning in CHR was poorer than in controls, and this lag persisted over time. Between ages 15 and 18, social functioning in CHR-C stagnated and diverged from that of CHR-NC, who continued to improve (p = .001). Subsequently, CHR-C lagged behind in improvement between ages 21 and 23, further distinguishing them from CHR-NC (p < .001). A similar period of stagnation was apparent for role functioning, but to a lesser extent (p = .007). The results remained consistent when we accounted for the time to conversion. Our findings suggest that CHR-C start lagging behind CHR-NC in social and role functioning in adolescence, followed by a period of further stagnation in adulthood. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417000451 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=335

Premorbid functional development and conversion to psychosis in clinical high-risk youths / Sarah I. TARBOX in Development and Psychopathology, 25-4 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 25-4 (November 2013) . - p.1171-1186 Titre : Premorbid functional development and conversion to psychosis in clinical high-risk youths Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah I. TARBOX, Auteur ; Jean ADDINGTON, Auteur ; Kristin S. CADENHEAD, Auteur ; Tyrone D. CANNON, Auteur ; Barbara A. CORNBLATT, Auteur ; Diana O. PERKINS, Auteur ; Larry J. SEIDMAN, Auteur ; Ming T. TSUANG, Auteur ; Elaine F. WALKER, Auteur ; Robert HEINSSEN, Auteur ; Thomas H. MCGLASHAN, Auteur ; Scott W. WOODS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1171-1186 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Deterioration in premorbid functioning is a common feature of schizophrenia, but sensitivity to psychosis conversion among clinical high-risk samples has not been examined. This study evaluates premorbid functioning as a predictor of psychosis conversion among a clinical high-risk sample, controlling for effects of prior developmental periods. Participants were 270 clinical high-risk individuals in the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study—I, 78 of whom converted to psychosis over the next 2.5 years. Social, academic, and total maladjustment in childhood, early adolescence, and late adolescence were rated using the Cannon–Spoor Premorbid Adjustment Scale. Early adolescent social dysfunction significantly predicted conversion to psychosis (hazard ratio = 1.30, p = .014), independently of childhood social maladjustment and independently of severity of most baseline positive and negative prodromal symptoms. Baseline prodromal symptoms of disorganized communication, social anhedonia, suspiciousness, and diminished ideational richness mediated this association. Early adolescent social maladjustment and baseline suspiciousness together demonstrated moderate positive predictive power (59%) and high specificity (92.1%) in predicting conversion. Deterioration of academic and total functioning, although observed, did not predict conversion to psychosis. Results indicate early adolescent social dysfunction to be an important early predictor of conversion. As such, it may be a good candidate for inclusion in prediction algorithms and could represent an advantageous target for early intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579413000448 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=219 [article] Premorbid functional development and conversion to psychosis in clinical high-risk youths [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah I. TARBOX, Auteur ; Jean ADDINGTON, Auteur ; Kristin S. CADENHEAD, Auteur ; Tyrone D. CANNON, Auteur ; Barbara A. CORNBLATT, Auteur ; Diana O. PERKINS, Auteur ; Larry J. SEIDMAN, Auteur ; Ming T. TSUANG, Auteur ; Elaine F. WALKER, Auteur ; Robert HEINSSEN, Auteur ; Thomas H. MCGLASHAN, Auteur ; Scott W. WOODS, Auteur . - p.1171-1186. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 25-4 (November 2013) . - p.1171-1186 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Deterioration in premorbid functioning is a common feature of schizophrenia, but sensitivity to psychosis conversion among clinical high-risk samples has not been examined. This study evaluates premorbid functioning as a predictor of psychosis conversion among a clinical high-risk sample, controlling for effects of prior developmental periods. Participants were 270 clinical high-risk individuals in the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study—I, 78 of whom converted to psychosis over the next 2.5 years. Social, academic, and total maladjustment in childhood, early adolescence, and late adolescence were rated using the Cannon–Spoor Premorbid Adjustment Scale. Early adolescent social dysfunction significantly predicted conversion to psychosis (hazard ratio = 1.30, p = .014), independently of childhood social maladjustment and independently of severity of most baseline positive and negative prodromal symptoms. Baseline prodromal symptoms of disorganized communication, social anhedonia, suspiciousness, and diminished ideational richness mediated this association. Early adolescent social maladjustment and baseline suspiciousness together demonstrated moderate positive predictive power (59%) and high specificity (92.1%) in predicting conversion. Deterioration of academic and total functioning, although observed, did not predict conversion to psychosis. Results indicate early adolescent social dysfunction to be an important early predictor of conversion. As such, it may be a good candidate for inclusion in prediction algorithms and could represent an advantageous target for early intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579413000448 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=219

Stress perception following childhood adversity: Unique associations with adversity type and sex / Allison M. LOPILATO in Development and Psychopathology, 32-1 (February 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 32-1 (February 2020) . - p.343-356 Titre : Stress perception following childhood adversity: Unique associations with adversity type and sex Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Allison M. LOPILATO, Auteur ; Jean ADDINGTON, Auteur ; Carrie E. BEARDEN, Auteur ; Kristin S. CADENHEAD, Auteur ; Tyrone D. CANNON, Auteur ; Barbara A. CORNBLATT, Auteur ; Daniel H. MATHALON, Auteur ; Thomas H. MCGLASHAN, Auteur ; Diana O. PERKINS, Auteur ; Ming T. TSUANG, Auteur ; Scott W. WOODS, Auteur ; Elaine F. WALKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.343-356 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : childhood adversity  cortisol  deprivation  stress perception  threat Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Childhood adversity is associated with poor mental and physical health outcomes across the life span. Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis are considered a key mechanism underlying these associations, although findings have been mixed. These inconsistencies suggest that other aspects of stress processing may underlie variations in this these associations, and that differences in adversity type, sex, and age may be relevant. The current study investigated the relationship between childhood adversity, stress perception, and morning cortisol, and examined whether differences in adversity type (generalized vs. threat and deprivation), sex, and age had distinct effects on these associations. Salivary cortisol samples, daily hassle stress ratings, and retrospective measures of childhood adversity were collected from a large sample of youth at risk for serious mental illness including psychoses (n = 605, mean age = 19.3). Results indicated that childhood adversity was associated with increased stress perception, which subsequently predicted higher morning cortisol levels; however, these associations were specific to threat exposures in females. These findings highlight the role of stress perception in stress vulnerability following childhood adversity and highlight potential sex differences in the impact of threat exposures. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419000130 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=416 [article] Stress perception following childhood adversity: Unique associations with adversity type and sex [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Allison M. LOPILATO, Auteur ; Jean ADDINGTON, Auteur ; Carrie E. BEARDEN, Auteur ; Kristin S. CADENHEAD, Auteur ; Tyrone D. CANNON, Auteur ; Barbara A. CORNBLATT, Auteur ; Daniel H. MATHALON, Auteur ; Thomas H. MCGLASHAN, Auteur ; Diana O. PERKINS, Auteur ; Ming T. TSUANG, Auteur ; Scott W. WOODS, Auteur ; Elaine F. WALKER, Auteur . - p.343-356. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 32-1 (February 2020) . - p.343-356 Mots-clés : childhood adversity  cortisol  deprivation  stress perception  threat Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Childhood adversity is associated with poor mental and physical health outcomes across the life span. Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis are considered a key mechanism underlying these associations, although findings have been mixed. These inconsistencies suggest that other aspects of stress processing may underlie variations in this these associations, and that differences in adversity type, sex, and age may be relevant. The current study investigated the relationship between childhood adversity, stress perception, and morning cortisol, and examined whether differences in adversity type (generalized vs. threat and deprivation), sex, and age had distinct effects on these associations. Salivary cortisol samples, daily hassle stress ratings, and retrospective measures of childhood adversity were collected from a large sample of youth at risk for serious mental illness including psychoses (n = 605, mean age = 19.3). Results indicated that childhood adversity was associated with increased stress perception, which subsequently predicted higher morning cortisol levels; however, these associations were specific to threat exposures in females. These findings highlight the role of stress perception in stress vulnerability following childhood adversity and highlight potential sex differences in the impact of threat exposures. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419000130 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=416

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