3 recherche sur le mot-clé 'clinical high risk'

Childhood trauma and cognitive functioning in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis / T. VELIKONJA in Development and Psychopathology, 33-1 (February 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.53-64 Titre : Childhood trauma and cognitive functioning in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : T. VELIKONJA, Auteur ; E. VELTHORST, Auteur ; J. ZINBERG, Auteur ; Tyrone D. CANNON, Auteur ; Barbara A. CORNBLATT, Auteur ; Diana O. PERKINS, Auteur ; Kristin S. CADENHEAD, Auteur ; M. T. TSUANG, Auteur ; Jean ADDINGTON, Auteur ; S. W. WOODS, Auteur ; T. MCGLASHAN, Auteur ; D. H. MATHALON, Auteur ; W. STONE, Auteur ; M. KESHAVAN, Auteur ; L. SEIDMAN, Auteur ; Carrie E. BEARDEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.53-64 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : childhood trauma  clinical high risk  nonsocial cognition  psychosis  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence suggests that early trauma may have a negative effect on cognitive functioning in individuals with psychosis, yet the relationship between childhood trauma and cognition among those at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis remains unexplored. Our sample consisted of 626 CHR children and 279 healthy controls who were recruited as part of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study 2. Childhood trauma up to the age of 16 (psychological, physical, and sexual abuse, emotional neglect, and bullying) was assessed by using the Childhood Trauma and Abuse Scale. Multiple domains of cognition were measured at baseline and at the time of psychosis conversion, using standardized assessments. In the CHR group, there was a trend for better performance in individuals who reported a history of multiple types of childhood trauma compared with those with no/one type of trauma (Cohen d = 0.16). A history of multiple trauma types was not associated with greater cognitive change in CHR converters over time. Our findings tentatively suggest there may be different mechanisms that lead to CHR states. Individuals who are at clinical high risk who have experienced multiple types of childhood trauma may have more typically developing premorbid cognitive functioning than those who reported minimal trauma do. Further research is needed to unravel the complexity of factors underlying the development of at-risk states. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457941900155x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442 [article] Childhood trauma and cognitive functioning in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / T. VELIKONJA, Auteur ; E. VELTHORST, Auteur ; J. ZINBERG, Auteur ; Tyrone D. CANNON, Auteur ; Barbara A. CORNBLATT, Auteur ; Diana O. PERKINS, Auteur ; Kristin S. CADENHEAD, Auteur ; M. T. TSUANG, Auteur ; Jean ADDINGTON, Auteur ; S. W. WOODS, Auteur ; T. MCGLASHAN, Auteur ; D. H. MATHALON, Auteur ; W. STONE, Auteur ; M. KESHAVAN, Auteur ; L. SEIDMAN, Auteur ; Carrie E. BEARDEN, Auteur . - p.53-64. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.53-64 Mots-clés : childhood trauma  clinical high risk  nonsocial cognition  psychosis  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence suggests that early trauma may have a negative effect on cognitive functioning in individuals with psychosis, yet the relationship between childhood trauma and cognition among those at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis remains unexplored. Our sample consisted of 626 CHR children and 279 healthy controls who were recruited as part of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study 2. Childhood trauma up to the age of 16 (psychological, physical, and sexual abuse, emotional neglect, and bullying) was assessed by using the Childhood Trauma and Abuse Scale. Multiple domains of cognition were measured at baseline and at the time of psychosis conversion, using standardized assessments. In the CHR group, there was a trend for better performance in individuals who reported a history of multiple types of childhood trauma compared with those with no/one type of trauma (Cohen d = 0.16). A history of multiple trauma types was not associated with greater cognitive change in CHR converters over time. Our findings tentatively suggest there may be different mechanisms that lead to CHR states. Individuals who are at clinical high risk who have experienced multiple types of childhood trauma may have more typically developing premorbid cognitive functioning than those who reported minimal trauma do. Further research is needed to unravel the complexity of factors underlying the development of at-risk states. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457941900155x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442

Examining the psychobiological response to acute social stress across clinical stages and symptom trajectories in the early psychosis continuum / Vincent PAQUIN ; Sarah V. MCILWAINE ; Ashok K. MALLA ; Ridha JOOBER ; Marita PRUESSNER in Development and Psychopathology, 36-2 (May 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 36-2 (May 2024) . - p.774-786 Titre : Examining the psychobiological response to acute social stress across clinical stages and symptom trajectories in the early psychosis continuum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Vincent PAQUIN, Auteur ; Sarah V. MCILWAINE, Auteur ; Ashok K. MALLA, Auteur ; Ridha JOOBER, Auteur ; Marita PRUESSNER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.774-786 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Trier Social Stress Test  clinical high risk  clinical staging  cortisol  early psychosis  first episode  hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis  stress response Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The stress-vulnerability model has been repeatedly highlighted in relation to the risk, onset and course of psychosis, and has been independently studied in clinical high-risk (CHR) and first-episode psychosis (FEP) populations. Notable in this literature, however, is that there are few studies directly comparing markers of stress response across progressive stages of illness. Here we examined the psychobiological response to the Trier Social Stress Test in 28 CHR (mean age 19.1) and 61 FEP (age 23.0) patients, in order to understand the stage(s) or trajectories in which differences in subjective stress or physiological response occur. The overall clinical sample had greater perceived stress and blunted cortisol (FEP + CHR, n = 89, age 21.7) compared with healthy controls (n = 45, age 22.9). Additional analyses demonstrated elevated heart rate and systolic blood pressure in FEP compared with CHR, but there were no further differences in physiological parameters (cortisol, heart rate, or blood pressure) between stage- or trajectory-based groups. Together, this suggests that individual stress response markers may differentially emerge at particular stages en route to psychosis - and demonstrates how stage-based analyses can shed light on the emergence and evolution of neurobiological changes in mental illness. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579423000056 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=528 [article] Examining the psychobiological response to acute social stress across clinical stages and symptom trajectories in the early psychosis continuum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Vincent PAQUIN, Auteur ; Sarah V. MCILWAINE, Auteur ; Ashok K. MALLA, Auteur ; Ridha JOOBER, Auteur ; Marita PRUESSNER, Auteur . - p.774-786. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 36-2 (May 2024) . - p.774-786 Mots-clés : Trier Social Stress Test  clinical high risk  clinical staging  cortisol  early psychosis  first episode  hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis  stress response Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The stress-vulnerability model has been repeatedly highlighted in relation to the risk, onset and course of psychosis, and has been independently studied in clinical high-risk (CHR) and first-episode psychosis (FEP) populations. Notable in this literature, however, is that there are few studies directly comparing markers of stress response across progressive stages of illness. Here we examined the psychobiological response to the Trier Social Stress Test in 28 CHR (mean age 19.1) and 61 FEP (age 23.0) patients, in order to understand the stage(s) or trajectories in which differences in subjective stress or physiological response occur. The overall clinical sample had greater perceived stress and blunted cortisol (FEP + CHR, n = 89, age 21.7) compared with healthy controls (n = 45, age 22.9). Additional analyses demonstrated elevated heart rate and systolic blood pressure in FEP compared with CHR, but there were no further differences in physiological parameters (cortisol, heart rate, or blood pressure) between stage- or trajectory-based groups. Together, this suggests that individual stress response markers may differentially emerge at particular stages en route to psychosis - and demonstrates how stage-based analyses can shed light on the emergence and evolution of neurobiological changes in mental illness. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579423000056 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=528

Feasibility of psychosis risk assessment for adolescents diagnosed with autism / Camille S. WILSON in Autism, 24-4 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-4 (May 2020) . - p.834-850 Titre : Feasibility of psychosis risk assessment for adolescents diagnosed with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Camille S. WILSON, Auteur ; Laura G. ANTHONY, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Rivka FLEISCHMAN, Auteur ; Caroline DEMRO, Auteur ; Nicole ANDORKO, Auteur ; Anna Chelsea ARMOUR, Auteur ; Jason SCHIFFMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.834-850 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescence  at-risk mental state  autism spectrum disorders  clinical high risk  cognitive interview  psychosis risk  subthreshold psychotic experiences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism may experience a variety of psychiatric symptoms that may cause distress and difficulty functioning. The tools that exist to help evaluate symptoms for psychosis for individuals with autism are limited. We investigated whether a specialized interview for symptoms of psychosis risk could be used for adolescents with autism. We recruited 21 adolescents with autism and 22 typically developing adolescents and interviewed them using the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes. Participants were asked to rephrase interview questions as a way to understand how they interpreted the question. Their responses were evaluated by clinicians and third-party raters to determine potential response errors. Results of the study showed that youth with autism who have intact language skills are able to answer questions about psychosis risk symptoms as well as their typically developing peers. In general, adolescents across both groups who had more difficulty with nonliteral language (understanding words with multiple meanings) had more difficulty completing the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes. Problematic items that required more clarification by the clinician involved misinterpretation of words/phrases or questions. Care should be taken to ensure adolescents understand the intent of interviewer questions when assessing risk of psychosis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320909173 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425 [article] Feasibility of psychosis risk assessment for adolescents diagnosed with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Camille S. WILSON, Auteur ; Laura G. ANTHONY, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Rivka FLEISCHMAN, Auteur ; Caroline DEMRO, Auteur ; Nicole ANDORKO, Auteur ; Anna Chelsea ARMOUR, Auteur ; Jason SCHIFFMAN, Auteur . - p.834-850. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-4 (May 2020) . - p.834-850 Mots-clés : adolescence  at-risk mental state  autism spectrum disorders  clinical high risk  cognitive interview  psychosis risk  subthreshold psychotic experiences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism may experience a variety of psychiatric symptoms that may cause distress and difficulty functioning. The tools that exist to help evaluate symptoms for psychosis for individuals with autism are limited. We investigated whether a specialized interview for symptoms of psychosis risk could be used for adolescents with autism. We recruited 21 adolescents with autism and 22 typically developing adolescents and interviewed them using the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes. Participants were asked to rephrase interview questions as a way to understand how they interpreted the question. Their responses were evaluated by clinicians and third-party raters to determine potential response errors. Results of the study showed that youth with autism who have intact language skills are able to answer questions about psychosis risk symptoms as well as their typically developing peers. In general, adolescents across both groups who had more difficulty with nonliteral language (understanding words with multiple meanings) had more difficulty completing the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes. Problematic items that required more clarification by the clinician involved misinterpretation of words/phrases or questions. Care should be taken to ensure adolescents understand the intent of interviewer questions when assessing risk of psychosis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320909173 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425