Autistic adults and adults with sub-clinical autistic traits differ from non-autistic adults in social-pragmatic inferencing and narrative discourse / Katja DINDAR in Autism, 27-5 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-5 (July 2023) . - p.1320-1335 Titre : Autistic adults and adults with sub-clinical autistic traits differ from non-autistic adults in social-pragmatic inferencing and narrative discourse Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katja DINDAR, Auteur ; Soile LOUKUSA, Auteur ; Eeva LEINONEN, Auteur ; Leena MAKINEN, Auteur ; Laura MÄMMELÄ, Auteur ; Marja-Leena MATTILA, Auteur ; Hanna EBELING, Auteur ; Tuula HURTIG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1320-1335 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum;narrative discourse;narrative skills;pragmatics;social-pragmatic ability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Since prior research has mostly focused on children, less is known about how autistic adults and adults with sub-clinical autistic traits interpret pragmatically complex social situations and the kind of narrative discourse they produce. 32 autistic young adults, 18 young adults with sub-clinical autistic traits and 34 non-autistic young adults participated this study. They were shown videos of social interactions which required complex pragmatic processing and were asked to freely narrate what they thought was occurring in each video. Their narratives were coded for aspects of social-pragmatic and narrative discourse. The results indicate that the autistic and sub-clinical groups differed from the comparison group in what they inferred as relevant video content. The narratives of the autistic group also differed from the comparison group in meaning, focus and emphasis on details. In addition, the comparison group produced more holistic narratives whereas the autistic and sub-clinical groups produced more atomistic narratives. Correlational findings indicated that perceptual reasoning has stronger associations with pragmatic inferencing in the autistic and sub-clinical groups than in the comparison group. This study suggests that autistic adults and adults with sub-clinical autistic traits differ from non-autistic adults in what they perceive to be relevant in their social world. Lay Abstract Previous social-pragmatic and narrative research involving autistic individuals has mostly focused on children. Little is known about how autistic adults and adults who have autistic traits but do not have a diagnosis of an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) interpret complex social situations and tell narratives about these situations. We asked 32 autistic young adults, 18 adults with autistic traits but no ASD diagnosis, and 34 non-autistic young adults to watch socially complex situations and freely tell narratives about what they thought was occurring in each situation. These narratives were analysed for how the participants had interpreted the situations and for the type of narratives they produced. We found that the groups had both similarities and differences. Regarding the differences, we found that the autistic adults and adults with autistic traits interpreted the situations differently from the non-autistic adults. The autistic adults found different aspects of the situations relevant, had different foci and placed greater importance on details than the non-autistic adults. The autistic adults and adults with autistic traits also differed from the non-autistic adults by having more detail- and event-focused narratives whereas the non-autistic adults were more likely to base their narratives on their own broad interpretations of the situations. Perceptual processing styles appeared to play a bigger role in interpreting the situations for the autistic adults and adults with autistic traits than the non-autistic adults. Our findings suggest that autistic adults and adults with autistic traits focus on different aspects in their social world than non-autistic adults. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221136003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=507 [article] Autistic adults and adults with sub-clinical autistic traits differ from non-autistic adults in social-pragmatic inferencing and narrative discourse [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katja DINDAR, Auteur ; Soile LOUKUSA, Auteur ; Eeva LEINONEN, Auteur ; Leena MAKINEN, Auteur ; Laura MÄMMELÄ, Auteur ; Marja-Leena MATTILA, Auteur ; Hanna EBELING, Auteur ; Tuula HURTIG, Auteur . - p.1320-1335. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-5 (July 2023) . - p.1320-1335 Mots-clés : autism spectrum;narrative discourse;narrative skills;pragmatics;social-pragmatic ability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Since prior research has mostly focused on children, less is known about how autistic adults and adults with sub-clinical autistic traits interpret pragmatically complex social situations and the kind of narrative discourse they produce. 32 autistic young adults, 18 young adults with sub-clinical autistic traits and 34 non-autistic young adults participated this study. They were shown videos of social interactions which required complex pragmatic processing and were asked to freely narrate what they thought was occurring in each video. Their narratives were coded for aspects of social-pragmatic and narrative discourse. The results indicate that the autistic and sub-clinical groups differed from the comparison group in what they inferred as relevant video content. The narratives of the autistic group also differed from the comparison group in meaning, focus and emphasis on details. In addition, the comparison group produced more holistic narratives whereas the autistic and sub-clinical groups produced more atomistic narratives. Correlational findings indicated that perceptual reasoning has stronger associations with pragmatic inferencing in the autistic and sub-clinical groups than in the comparison group. This study suggests that autistic adults and adults with sub-clinical autistic traits differ from non-autistic adults in what they perceive to be relevant in their social world. Lay Abstract Previous social-pragmatic and narrative research involving autistic individuals has mostly focused on children. Little is known about how autistic adults and adults who have autistic traits but do not have a diagnosis of an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) interpret complex social situations and tell narratives about these situations. We asked 32 autistic young adults, 18 adults with autistic traits but no ASD diagnosis, and 34 non-autistic young adults to watch socially complex situations and freely tell narratives about what they thought was occurring in each situation. These narratives were analysed for how the participants had interpreted the situations and for the type of narratives they produced. We found that the groups had both similarities and differences. Regarding the differences, we found that the autistic adults and adults with autistic traits interpreted the situations differently from the non-autistic adults. The autistic adults found different aspects of the situations relevant, had different foci and placed greater importance on details than the non-autistic adults. The autistic adults and adults with autistic traits also differed from the non-autistic adults by having more detail- and event-focused narratives whereas the non-autistic adults were more likely to base their narratives on their own broad interpretations of the situations. Perceptual processing styles appeared to play a bigger role in interpreting the situations for the autistic adults and adults with autistic traits than the non-autistic adults. Our findings suggest that autistic adults and adults with autistic traits focus on different aspects in their social world than non-autistic adults. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221136003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=507

Characteristics of narrative language in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from the Finnish / Leena MAKINEN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8-8 (August 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 8-8 (August 2014) . - p.987-996 Titre : Characteristics of narrative language in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from the Finnish Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Leena MAKINEN, Auteur ; Soile LOUKUSA, Auteur ; Eeva LEINONEN, Auteur ; Irma MOILANEN, Auteur ; Hanna EBELING, Auteur ; Sari KUNNARI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.987-996 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Comprehension  Linguistic structure  Narratives  Pragmatics  Referencing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract This study examined linguistic and pragmatic aspects of narrative abilities of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which have not been studied thoroughly and not at all in Finnish. Sixteen five- to ten-year-old Finnish high-functioning children with ASD (mean age 7;7 years) and 16 age-matched typically developing children (mean age 7;5 years) participated in this study. Children's picture-based narrations were analyzed for narrative productivity, syntactic complexity, referential accuracy, event content, use of additional and extraneous information, mental state expressions, and narrative comprehension. Several linguistic- and pragmatic-based measures were used in order to gain a comprehensive picture of strengths and weaknesses that children with ASD might show in storytelling. The use of linguistic structure, referential accuracy and mental state expressions was similar between the groups. However, children with ASD showed difficulties in establishing informative story content, making inferences from story events and an ability not to include extraneous information into their stories. Therefore, the problems seen in their narrative language use can be described as being related to pragmatic aspects of narration. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.05.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=233 [article] Characteristics of narrative language in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from the Finnish [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Leena MAKINEN, Auteur ; Soile LOUKUSA, Auteur ; Eeva LEINONEN, Auteur ; Irma MOILANEN, Auteur ; Hanna EBELING, Auteur ; Sari KUNNARI, Auteur . - p.987-996. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 8-8 (August 2014) . - p.987-996 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Comprehension  Linguistic structure  Narratives  Pragmatics  Referencing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract This study examined linguistic and pragmatic aspects of narrative abilities of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which have not been studied thoroughly and not at all in Finnish. Sixteen five- to ten-year-old Finnish high-functioning children with ASD (mean age 7;7 years) and 16 age-matched typically developing children (mean age 7;5 years) participated in this study. Children's picture-based narrations were analyzed for narrative productivity, syntactic complexity, referential accuracy, event content, use of additional and extraneous information, mental state expressions, and narrative comprehension. Several linguistic- and pragmatic-based measures were used in order to gain a comprehensive picture of strengths and weaknesses that children with ASD might show in storytelling. The use of linguistic structure, referential accuracy and mental state expressions was similar between the groups. However, children with ASD showed difficulties in establishing informative story content, making inferences from story events and an ability not to include extraneous information into their stories. Therefore, the problems seen in their narrative language use can be described as being related to pragmatic aspects of narration. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.05.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=233

Use of Context in Pragmatic Language Comprehension by Children with Asperger Syndrome or High-Functioning Autism / Soile LOUKUSA in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37-6 (July 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 37-6 (July 2007) . - p.1049-1059 Titre : Use of Context in Pragmatic Language Comprehension by Children with Asperger Syndrome or High-Functioning Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Soile LOUKUSA, Auteur ; Eeva LEINONEN, Auteur ; Sanna KUUSIKKO, Auteur ; Katja JUSSILA, Auteur ; Marja-Leena MATTILA, Auteur ; Nuala RYDER, Auteur ; Hanna EBELING, Auteur ; Irma MOILANEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1049-1059 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pervasive-developmental-disorders Asperger-syndrome High-functioning-autism Pragmatic-comprehension Context-and-language Relevance-theory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Utilizing relevance theory, this study investigated the ability of children with Asperger syndrome (AS) and high-functioning autism (HFA) to use context when answering questions and when giving explanations for their correct answers. Three groups participated in this study: younger AS/HFA group (age 7–9, n = 16), older AS/HFA group (age 10–12, n = 23) and a normally functioning control group (age 7–9, n = 23). The results indicated that the younger AS/HFA group did less well when answering contextually demanding questions compared to the control group, and the performance of the older AS/HFA group fell in between the younger AS/HFA group and the control group. Both AS/HFA groups had difficulties explaining their correct answers, suggesting that they are not always aware of how they have derived answers from the context. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0247-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=154 [article] Use of Context in Pragmatic Language Comprehension by Children with Asperger Syndrome or High-Functioning Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Soile LOUKUSA, Auteur ; Eeva LEINONEN, Auteur ; Sanna KUUSIKKO, Auteur ; Katja JUSSILA, Auteur ; Marja-Leena MATTILA, Auteur ; Nuala RYDER, Auteur ; Hanna EBELING, Auteur ; Irma MOILANEN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1049-1059. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 37-6 (July 2007) . - p.1049-1059 Mots-clés : Pervasive-developmental-disorders Asperger-syndrome High-functioning-autism Pragmatic-comprehension Context-and-language Relevance-theory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Utilizing relevance theory, this study investigated the ability of children with Asperger syndrome (AS) and high-functioning autism (HFA) to use context when answering questions and when giving explanations for their correct answers. Three groups participated in this study: younger AS/HFA group (age 7–9, n = 16), older AS/HFA group (age 10–12, n = 23) and a normally functioning control group (age 7–9, n = 23). The results indicated that the younger AS/HFA group did less well when answering contextually demanding questions compared to the control group, and the performance of the older AS/HFA group fell in between the younger AS/HFA group and the control group. Both AS/HFA groups had difficulties explaining their correct answers, suggesting that they are not always aware of how they have derived answers from the context. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0247-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=154

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