Caregiver—child mental health: a prospective study in conflict and refugee settings / Catherine PANTER-BRICK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-4 (April 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-4 (April 2014) . - p.313-327 Titre : Caregiver—child mental health: a prospective study in conflict and refugee settings Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine PANTER-BRICK, Auteur ; Marie-Pascale GRIMON, Auteur ; Mark EGGERMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.313-327 Mots-clés : Violence  prosocial behaviour  adolescence  parenting  parent—child relationships Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background In humanitarian settings, family-level drivers of mental health are insufficiently documented; we examined the strength of caregiver—child associations with two-wave, family-level Afghan data. Methods We recruited a gender-balanced sample of 681 caregiver—child dyads (n = 1,362 respondents) using stratified random-sampling in government schools in Kabul (364 dyads) and refugee schools in Peshawar (317 dyads). One year after baseline, we re-interviewed 64% of Kabul and 31% of Peshawar cohorts (n = 331 dyads, 662 respondents), retaining fewer Peshawar families due to refugee repatriation. In multivariable analyses adjusted for baseline, we assessed the extent to which caregiver mental health (Self-Report Questionnaire, SRQ-20) was associated with child symptom scores of post-traumatic stress (Child Revised Impact of Events Scale, CRIES), depression (Depression Self-Rating Scale, DSRS), psychiatric difficulties, impact, and prosocial strength (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire, SDQ). Results Caregiver mental health was prospectively associated with all eight measures of child mental health at follow-up, adjusted for baseline. For post-traumatic stress, caregiver mental health had a predictive impact comparable to the child experiencing one or two lifetime trauma events. For depression, caregiver mental health approached the predictive impact of female gender. Thus a one SD change in caregiver SRQ-20 was associated with a 1.04 point change on CRIES and a 0.65 point change in DSRS. For multi-informant SDQ data, caregiver—child associations were strongest for caregiver ratings. For child-rated outcomes, associations were moderated by maternal literacy, a marker of family-level dynamics. Both adults and children identified domestic violence and quality of home life as independent risk and protective factors. Conclusions In the context of violence and displacement, efforts to improve child mental health require a thoughtful consideration of the mental health cascade across generations and the cluster of adversities that impact family wellbeing. We identify culturally meaningful leverage points for building family-level resilience, relevant to the prevention and intervention agenda in global mental health. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12167 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=229 [article] Caregiver—child mental health: a prospective study in conflict and refugee settings [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine PANTER-BRICK, Auteur ; Marie-Pascale GRIMON, Auteur ; Mark EGGERMAN, Auteur . - p.313-327. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-4 (April 2014) . - p.313-327 Mots-clés : Violence  prosocial behaviour  adolescence  parenting  parent—child relationships Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background In humanitarian settings, family-level drivers of mental health are insufficiently documented; we examined the strength of caregiver—child associations with two-wave, family-level Afghan data. Methods We recruited a gender-balanced sample of 681 caregiver—child dyads (n = 1,362 respondents) using stratified random-sampling in government schools in Kabul (364 dyads) and refugee schools in Peshawar (317 dyads). One year after baseline, we re-interviewed 64% of Kabul and 31% of Peshawar cohorts (n = 331 dyads, 662 respondents), retaining fewer Peshawar families due to refugee repatriation. In multivariable analyses adjusted for baseline, we assessed the extent to which caregiver mental health (Self-Report Questionnaire, SRQ-20) was associated with child symptom scores of post-traumatic stress (Child Revised Impact of Events Scale, CRIES), depression (Depression Self-Rating Scale, DSRS), psychiatric difficulties, impact, and prosocial strength (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire, SDQ). Results Caregiver mental health was prospectively associated with all eight measures of child mental health at follow-up, adjusted for baseline. For post-traumatic stress, caregiver mental health had a predictive impact comparable to the child experiencing one or two lifetime trauma events. For depression, caregiver mental health approached the predictive impact of female gender. Thus a one SD change in caregiver SRQ-20 was associated with a 1.04 point change on CRIES and a 0.65 point change in DSRS. For multi-informant SDQ data, caregiver—child associations were strongest for caregiver ratings. For child-rated outcomes, associations were moderated by maternal literacy, a marker of family-level dynamics. Both adults and children identified domestic violence and quality of home life as independent risk and protective factors. Conclusions In the context of violence and displacement, efforts to improve child mental health require a thoughtful consideration of the mental health cascade across generations and the cluster of adversities that impact family wellbeing. We identify culturally meaningful leverage points for building family-level resilience, relevant to the prevention and intervention agenda in global mental health. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12167 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=229

Trauma memories, mental health, and resilience: a prospective study of Afghan youth / Catherine PANTER-BRICK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-7 (July 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-7 (July 2015) . - p.814-825 Titre : Trauma memories, mental health, and resilience: a prospective study of Afghan youth Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine PANTER-BRICK, Auteur ; Marie-Pascale GRIMON, Auteur ; Michael KALIN, Auteur ; Mark EGGERMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.814-825 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adverse childhood experiences  trauma  violence  PTSD  depression  Afghanistan  Pakistan Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Studies of war-affected youth have not yet examined how trauma memories relate to prospective changes in mental health and to subjective or social experiences. Methods We interviewed a gender-balanced, randomly selected sample of Afghan child-caregiver dyads (n = 331, two waves, 1 year apart). We assessed lifetime trauma with a Traumatic Event Checklist, past-year events with a checklist of risk and protective events, and several child mental health outcomes including posttraumatic distress (Child Revised Impact of Events Scale, CRIES) and depression. We examined the consistency of trauma recall over time, identified mental health trajectories with latent transition modeling, and assessed the predictors of posttraumatic distress and depression trajectories with multinomial logistic regressions. Results From baseline to follow-up, reports of lifetime trauma significantly changed (p ? 0.01). A third of the cohort reported no trauma exposure; only 10% identified the same event as their most distressing experience. We identified four CRIES trajectories: low or no distress (52%), rising distress (15%), declining distress (21%), and sustained high distress (12%). Youth with chronic posttraumatic distress were more likely to be girls (OR = 5.78, p ? 0.01), report more trauma exposure at baseline (OR = 1.55, p ? 0.05) and follow-up (OR = 5.96, p ? 0.01), and experience ongoing domestic violence (OR = 4.84, p ? 0.01). The risks of rising distress and sustained distress showed a steady increase for youth recalling up to four traumatic experiences. Depression and CRIES trajectories showed weak comorbidity. Conclusions Memories of violent events are malleable, embedded in social experiences, and present heterogeneous associations with posttraumatic distress. Our study provides insights on resilience and vulnerability to multiple adverse childhood experiences, highlighting research and clinical implications for understanding trauma in conflict-affected youth. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12350 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Trauma memories, mental health, and resilience: a prospective study of Afghan youth [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine PANTER-BRICK, Auteur ; Marie-Pascale GRIMON, Auteur ; Michael KALIN, Auteur ; Mark EGGERMAN, Auteur . - p.814-825. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-7 (July 2015) . - p.814-825 Mots-clés : Adverse childhood experiences  trauma  violence  PTSD  depression  Afghanistan  Pakistan Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Studies of war-affected youth have not yet examined how trauma memories relate to prospective changes in mental health and to subjective or social experiences. Methods We interviewed a gender-balanced, randomly selected sample of Afghan child-caregiver dyads (n = 331, two waves, 1 year apart). We assessed lifetime trauma with a Traumatic Event Checklist, past-year events with a checklist of risk and protective events, and several child mental health outcomes including posttraumatic distress (Child Revised Impact of Events Scale, CRIES) and depression. We examined the consistency of trauma recall over time, identified mental health trajectories with latent transition modeling, and assessed the predictors of posttraumatic distress and depression trajectories with multinomial logistic regressions. Results From baseline to follow-up, reports of lifetime trauma significantly changed (p ? 0.01). A third of the cohort reported no trauma exposure; only 10% identified the same event as their most distressing experience. We identified four CRIES trajectories: low or no distress (52%), rising distress (15%), declining distress (21%), and sustained high distress (12%). Youth with chronic posttraumatic distress were more likely to be girls (OR = 5.78, p ? 0.01), report more trauma exposure at baseline (OR = 1.55, p ? 0.05) and follow-up (OR = 5.96, p ? 0.01), and experience ongoing domestic violence (OR = 4.84, p ? 0.01). The risks of rising distress and sustained distress showed a steady increase for youth recalling up to four traumatic experiences. Depression and CRIES trajectories showed weak comorbidity. Conclusions Memories of violent events are malleable, embedded in social experiences, and present heterogeneous associations with posttraumatic distress. Our study provides insights on resilience and vulnerability to multiple adverse childhood experiences, highlighting research and clinical implications for understanding trauma in conflict-affected youth. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12350 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

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