Judgment of Learning Accuracy in High-functioning Adolescents and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Catherine GRAINGER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-11 (November 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-11 (November 2016) . - p.3570-3582 Titre : Judgment of Learning Accuracy in High-functioning Adolescents and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine GRAINGER, Auteur ; David M. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Sophie E. LIND, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3570-3582 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Memory  Metacognition  Metamemory  Judgment of learning  Theory of mind  Mindreading Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study explored whether adults and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) demonstrate difficulties making metacognitive judgments, specifically judgments of learning. Across two experiments, the study examined whether individuals with ASD could accurately judge whether they had learnt a piece of information (in this case word pairs). In Experiment 1, adults with ASD demonstrated typical accuracy on a standard ‘cue-alone’ judgment of learning (JOL) task, compared to age- and IQ-matched neurotypical adults. Additionally, in Experiment 2, adolescents with ASD demonstrated typical accuracy on both a standard ‘cue-alone’ JOL task, and a ‘cue-target’ JOL task. These results suggest that JOL accuracy is unimpaired in ASD. These results have important implications for both theories of metacognition in ASD and educational practise. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2895-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=294 [article] Judgment of Learning Accuracy in High-functioning Adolescents and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine GRAINGER, Auteur ; David M. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Sophie E. LIND, Auteur . - p.3570-3582. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-11 (November 2016) . - p.3570-3582 Mots-clés : Autism  Memory  Metacognition  Metamemory  Judgment of learning  Theory of mind  Mindreading Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study explored whether adults and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) demonstrate difficulties making metacognitive judgments, specifically judgments of learning. Across two experiments, the study examined whether individuals with ASD could accurately judge whether they had learnt a piece of information (in this case word pairs). In Experiment 1, adults with ASD demonstrated typical accuracy on a standard ‘cue-alone’ judgment of learning (JOL) task, compared to age- and IQ-matched neurotypical adults. Additionally, in Experiment 2, adolescents with ASD demonstrated typical accuracy on both a standard ‘cue-alone’ JOL task, and a ‘cue-target’ JOL task. These results suggest that JOL accuracy is unimpaired in ASD. These results have important implications for both theories of metacognition in ASD and educational practise. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2895-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=294

Online Action Monitoring and Memory for Self-Performed Actions in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Catherine GRAINGER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44-5 (May 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-5 (May 2014) . - p.1193-1206 Titre : Online Action Monitoring and Memory for Self-Performed Actions in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine GRAINGER, Auteur ; David M. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Sophie LIND, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p.1193-1206 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Action monitoring  Enactment effect  Source memory  Self-referencing  Agency Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study explored whether individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience difficulties with action monitoring. Two experimental tasks examined whether adults with ASD are able to monitor their own actions online, and whether they also show a typical enactment effects in memory (enhanced memory for actions they have performed compared to actions they have observed being performed). Individuals with ASD and comparison participants showed a similar pattern of performance on both tasks. In a task which required individuals to distinguish person-caused from computer-caused changes in phenomenology both groups found it easier to monitor their own actions compared to those of an experimenter. Both groups also showed typical enactment effects. Despite recent suggestions to the contrary, these results support suggestions that action monitoring is unimpaired in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1987-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=232 [article] Online Action Monitoring and Memory for Self-Performed Actions in Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine GRAINGER, Auteur ; David M. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Sophie LIND, Auteur . - 2014 . - p.1193-1206. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-5 (May 2014) . - p.1193-1206 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Action monitoring  Enactment effect  Source memory  Self-referencing  Agency Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study explored whether individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience difficulties with action monitoring. Two experimental tasks examined whether adults with ASD are able to monitor their own actions online, and whether they also show a typical enactment effects in memory (enhanced memory for actions they have performed compared to actions they have observed being performed). Individuals with ASD and comparison participants showed a similar pattern of performance on both tasks. In a task which required individuals to distinguish person-caused from computer-caused changes in phenomenology both groups found it easier to monitor their own actions compared to those of an experimenter. Both groups also showed typical enactment effects. Despite recent suggestions to the contrary, these results support suggestions that action monitoring is unimpaired in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1987-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=232

Recognition memory and source memory in autism spectrum disorder: A study of the intention superiority and enactment effects / Catherine GRAINGER in Autism, 21-7 (October 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 21-7 (October 2017) . - p.812-820 Titre : Recognition memory and source memory in autism spectrum disorder: A study of the intention superiority and enactment effects Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine GRAINGER, Auteur ; David M. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Sophie E. LIND, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.812-820 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is well established that neurotypical individuals generally show better memory for actions they have performed than actions they have observed others perform or merely read about, a so-called ?enactment effect?. Strikingly, research has also shown that neurotypical individuals demonstrate superior memory for actions they intend to perform in the future (but have not yet performed), an effect commonly known as the ?intention superiority effect?. Although the enactment effect has been studied among people with autism spectrum disorder, this study is the first to investigate the intention superiority effect in this disorder. This is surprising given the potential importance this issue has for general theory development, as well as for clinical practice. As such, this study aimed to assess the intention superiority and enactment effects in 22 children with autism spectrum disorder, and 20 intelligence quotient/age-matched neurotypical children. The results showed that children with autism spectrum disorder demonstrated not only undiminished enactment effects in recognition and source memory, but also (surprisingly for some theories) typical intention superiority effects. The implications of these results for theory, as well as clinical practice, are discussed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361316653364 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=318 [article] Recognition memory and source memory in autism spectrum disorder: A study of the intention superiority and enactment effects [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine GRAINGER, Auteur ; David M. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Sophie E. LIND, Auteur . - p.812-820. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 21-7 (October 2017) . - p.812-820 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is well established that neurotypical individuals generally show better memory for actions they have performed than actions they have observed others perform or merely read about, a so-called ?enactment effect?. Strikingly, research has also shown that neurotypical individuals demonstrate superior memory for actions they intend to perform in the future (but have not yet performed), an effect commonly known as the ?intention superiority effect?. Although the enactment effect has been studied among people with autism spectrum disorder, this study is the first to investigate the intention superiority effect in this disorder. This is surprising given the potential importance this issue has for general theory development, as well as for clinical practice. As such, this study aimed to assess the intention superiority and enactment effects in 22 children with autism spectrum disorder, and 20 intelligence quotient/age-matched neurotypical children. The results showed that children with autism spectrum disorder demonstrated not only undiminished enactment effects in recognition and source memory, but also (surprisingly for some theories) typical intention superiority effects. The implications of these results for theory, as well as clinical practice, are discussed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361316653364 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=318

A systematic review: Which psycho-social-environmental factors do autistic students identify as being important for positive experiences in mainstream secondary school? / Marisa MCKINLAY in Autism, 29-3 (March 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 29-3 (March 2025) . - p.566-578 Titre : A systematic review: Which psycho-social-environmental factors do autistic students identify as being important for positive experiences in mainstream secondary school? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marisa MCKINLAY, Auteur ; David THORPE, Auteur ; Eilidh CAGE, Auteur ; Catherine GRAINGER, Auteur ; Carol JASPER, Auteur ; Mary STEWART, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.566-578 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Mainstream secondary school can be a challenging environment for autistic students, in part due to social and sensory factors. Research to date has focussed on identifying the negative aspects of school experience; however, few studies have identified ... En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241285974 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=550 [article] A systematic review: Which psycho-social-environmental factors do autistic students identify as being important for positive experiences in mainstream secondary school? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marisa MCKINLAY, Auteur ; David THORPE, Auteur ; Eilidh CAGE, Auteur ; Catherine GRAINGER, Auteur ; Carol JASPER, Auteur ; Mary STEWART, Auteur . - p.566-578. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 29-3 (March 2025) . - p.566-578 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Mainstream secondary school can be a challenging environment for autistic students, in part due to social and sensory factors. Research to date has focussed on identifying the negative aspects of school experience; however, few studies have identified ... En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241285974 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=550

The Self?Reference Effect on Perception: Undiminished in Adults with Autism and No Relation to Autism Traits / David M. WILLIAMS in Autism Research, 11-2 (February 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-2 (February 2018) . - p.331-341 Titre : The Self?Reference Effect on Perception: Undiminished in Adults with Autism and No Relation to Autism Traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David M. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Toby NICHOLSON, Auteur ; Catherine GRAINGER, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p.331-341 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Memory for (and perception of) information about the self is superior to memory for (and perception of) other kinds of information. This self?reference effect (SRE) in memory appears diminished in ASD and related to the number of ASD traits manifested by neurotypical individuals (fewer traits?=?larger SRE). Here, we report the first experiments exploring the relation between ASD and the SRE in perception. Using a “Shapes” Task (Sui et al., Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 38, 1105, 2012), participants learned to associate three different shapes (triangle, circle, square) with three different labels representing self, a familiar other, or an unfamiliar other (e.g., “you”, “mother”, “stranger”). Participants then completed trials during which they were presented with one shape and one label for 100 ms, and made judgments about whether the shape and label was a match. In Experiment 1, neurotypical participants (n?=?124) showed the expected SRE, detecting self?related matches more reliably and quickly than matches involving familiar or unfamiliar other. Most important, number of ASD traits was unrelated to the size of the SRE for either accuracy or RT. Bayesian association analyses strongly supported the null hypothesis. In Experiment 2, there were no differences between 22 adults with ASD and 21 matched comparison adults in performance on the Shapes Task. Despite showing large and significant theory of mind impairments, participants with ASD showed the typical SRE and there were no associations with ASD traits in either group. In every case, Bayesian analyses favored the null hypothesis. These findings challenge theories about self?representation in ASD, as discussed in the article. Autism Res 2018, 11: 331–341. © 2017 The Authors Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Neurotypical people tend to find it easier to perceive and remember information that relates to themselves than information that relates to others. Research suggests that people with ASD show a diminished (or absent) self?bias in memory and that severity of ASD predicts the extent of this diminution (more severe ASD?=?smaller self?bias in memory). However, the current research suggests strongly that people with ASD do show a self?bias in their perception. This research informs our understanding of psychological functioning in ASD and challenges theories regarding self?awareness in this disorder. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1891 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334 [article] The Self?Reference Effect on Perception: Undiminished in Adults with Autism and No Relation to Autism Traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David M. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Toby NICHOLSON, Auteur ; Catherine GRAINGER, Auteur . - 2018 . - p.331-341. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-2 (February 2018) . - p.331-341 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Memory for (and perception of) information about the self is superior to memory for (and perception of) other kinds of information. This self?reference effect (SRE) in memory appears diminished in ASD and related to the number of ASD traits manifested by neurotypical individuals (fewer traits?=?larger SRE). Here, we report the first experiments exploring the relation between ASD and the SRE in perception. Using a “Shapes” Task (Sui et al., Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 38, 1105, 2012), participants learned to associate three different shapes (triangle, circle, square) with three different labels representing self, a familiar other, or an unfamiliar other (e.g., “you”, “mother”, “stranger”). Participants then completed trials during which they were presented with one shape and one label for 100 ms, and made judgments about whether the shape and label was a match. In Experiment 1, neurotypical participants (n?=?124) showed the expected SRE, detecting self?related matches more reliably and quickly than matches involving familiar or unfamiliar other. Most important, number of ASD traits was unrelated to the size of the SRE for either accuracy or RT. Bayesian association analyses strongly supported the null hypothesis. In Experiment 2, there were no differences between 22 adults with ASD and 21 matched comparison adults in performance on the Shapes Task. Despite showing large and significant theory of mind impairments, participants with ASD showed the typical SRE and there were no associations with ASD traits in either group. In every case, Bayesian analyses favored the null hypothesis. These findings challenge theories about self?representation in ASD, as discussed in the article. Autism Res 2018, 11: 331–341. © 2017 The Authors Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Neurotypical people tend to find it easier to perceive and remember information that relates to themselves than information that relates to others. Research suggests that people with ASD show a diminished (or absent) self?bias in memory and that severity of ASD predicts the extent of this diminution (more severe ASD?=?smaller self?bias in memory). However, the current research suggests strongly that people with ASD do show a self?bias in their perception. This research informs our understanding of psychological functioning in ASD and challenges theories regarding self?awareness in this disorder. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1891 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334

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