Prevalence of Psychotropic Medication Use and Psychotropic Polypharmacy in Autistic Adults With or Without Intellectual Disability / Kazunari Yoshida ; Yona LUNSKY ; Daniel J. Müller ; Pushpal DESARKAR in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 55-2 (February 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-2 (February 2025) . - p.457-471 Titre : Prevalence of Psychotropic Medication Use and Psychotropic Polypharmacy in Autistic Adults With or Without Intellectual Disability : Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kazunari Yoshida, Auteur ; Yona LUNSKY, Auteur ; Daniel J. Müller, Auteur ; Pushpal DESARKAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.457-471 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The aim of this study was to compare the rates of psychotropic medication use and psychotropic polypharmacy between autistic adults with and without intellectual disability (ID) and to examine factors associated with psychotropic medication use and psychotropic polypharmacy in autistic adults, stratified by the presence of ID. We conducted a retrospective medical chart review of outpatients with an autism diagnosis aged 18 years and older. The rates of psychotropic medication use and psychotropic polypharmacy were compared between autistic adults with and without ID. Subsequently, logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with psychotropic medication use and psychotropic polypharmacy in autistic adults with ID and those without ID, respectively. The rates of prevalence of psychotropic medication use and polypharmacy were significantly higher in participants with ID than those without ID (78.6% vs. 58.8% and 49.3% vs. 31.2%; p-values < 0.05). Age, gender, race, residence, presence of mood disorders, presence of schizophrenia, absence of anxiety disorder, number of psychiatric comorbidities, and presence of behaviors that challenge were significantly associated with these outcomes, depending on the presence/absence of ID. The need to optimize pharmacotherapy in autistic adults, stratifying by the presence of ID, is highlighted. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06208-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=548 [article] Prevalence of Psychotropic Medication Use and Psychotropic Polypharmacy in Autistic Adults With or Without Intellectual Disability : Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kazunari Yoshida, Auteur ; Yona LUNSKY, Auteur ; Daniel J. Müller, Auteur ; Pushpal DESARKAR, Auteur . - p.457-471. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-2 (February 2025) . - p.457-471 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The aim of this study was to compare the rates of psychotropic medication use and psychotropic polypharmacy between autistic adults with and without intellectual disability (ID) and to examine factors associated with psychotropic medication use and psychotropic polypharmacy in autistic adults, stratified by the presence of ID. We conducted a retrospective medical chart review of outpatients with an autism diagnosis aged 18 years and older. The rates of psychotropic medication use and psychotropic polypharmacy were compared between autistic adults with and without ID. Subsequently, logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with psychotropic medication use and psychotropic polypharmacy in autistic adults with ID and those without ID, respectively. The rates of prevalence of psychotropic medication use and polypharmacy were significantly higher in participants with ID than those without ID (78.6% vs. 58.8% and 49.3% vs. 31.2%; p-values < 0.05). Age, gender, race, residence, presence of mood disorders, presence of schizophrenia, absence of anxiety disorder, number of psychiatric comorbidities, and presence of behaviors that challenge were significantly associated with these outcomes, depending on the presence/absence of ID. The need to optimize pharmacotherapy in autistic adults, stratifying by the presence of ID, is highlighted. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06208-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=548

Psychopharmacological treatment of challenging behaviours in adults with autism and intellectual disabilities: A systematic review / Amanda SAWYER in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8-7 (July 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 8-7 (July 2014) . - p.803-813 Titre : Psychopharmacological treatment of challenging behaviours in adults with autism and intellectual disabilities: A systematic review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Amanda SAWYER, Auteur ; Johanna K. LAKE, Auteur ; Yona LUNSKY, Auteur ; Shi-Kai LIU, Auteur ; Pushpal DESARKAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.803-813 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Adults  Challenging behaviours  Psychopharmacology  Intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractIntroduction Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a high co-occurrence with intellectual disability. Adults with Autism and intellectual disability have a high incidence of challenging behaviour, defined as repetitive self injurious or aggressive behaviour. We underwent a systemic review of the evidence for treating challenging behaviours in adults with Autism and intellectual disability. Methods A literature search was conducted using three large databases to extract studies on the treatment of challenging behaviour among adults with Autism and intellectual disability. Papers, which met this criterion, were reviewed and analysed to assess study evidence and quality. Results Seven articles were selected which included five agents: fluvoxamine, sertraline, clomipramine, risperidone, and ziprasidone. Randomized control studies of fluvoxamine and risperidone, provided efficacy for the treatment of challenging behaviour in adults with Autism and intellectual disability. Open label trials of sertraline, clomipramine and ziprasidone were also effective in treating challenging behaviours for this population. Discussion Risperidone and fluvoxamine provided the best evidence for treating challenging behaviour, and risperidone was the only medication with multiple trials showing its efficacy. Further studies are required to demonstrate the efficacy of psychopharmacology in treating challenging behaviours among adults with Autism and intellectual disability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.03.021 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=233 [article] Psychopharmacological treatment of challenging behaviours in adults with autism and intellectual disabilities: A systematic review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Amanda SAWYER, Auteur ; Johanna K. LAKE, Auteur ; Yona LUNSKY, Auteur ; Shi-Kai LIU, Auteur ; Pushpal DESARKAR, Auteur . - p.803-813. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 8-7 (July 2014) . - p.803-813 Mots-clés : Autism  Adults  Challenging behaviours  Psychopharmacology  Intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractIntroduction Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a high co-occurrence with intellectual disability. Adults with Autism and intellectual disability have a high incidence of challenging behaviour, defined as repetitive self injurious or aggressive behaviour. We underwent a systemic review of the evidence for treating challenging behaviours in adults with Autism and intellectual disability. Methods A literature search was conducted using three large databases to extract studies on the treatment of challenging behaviour among adults with Autism and intellectual disability. Papers, which met this criterion, were reviewed and analysed to assess study evidence and quality. Results Seven articles were selected which included five agents: fluvoxamine, sertraline, clomipramine, risperidone, and ziprasidone. Randomized control studies of fluvoxamine and risperidone, provided efficacy for the treatment of challenging behaviour in adults with Autism and intellectual disability. Open label trials of sertraline, clomipramine and ziprasidone were also effective in treating challenging behaviours for this population. Discussion Risperidone and fluvoxamine provided the best evidence for treating challenging behaviour, and risperidone was the only medication with multiple trials showing its efficacy. Further studies are required to demonstrate the efficacy of psychopharmacology in treating challenging behaviours among adults with Autism and intellectual disability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.03.021 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=233

Task-based functional neural correlates of social cognition across autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders / Lindsay D. OLIVER in Molecular Autism, 15 (2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 37p. Titre : Task-based functional neural correlates of social cognition across autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lindsay D. OLIVER, Auteur ; Iska MOXON-EMRE, Auteur ; Colin HAWCO, Auteur ; Erin W. DICKIE, Auteur ; Arla DAKLI, Auteur ; Rachael E. LYON, Auteur ; Peter SZATMARI, Auteur ; John D. HALTIGAN, Auteur ; Anna GOLDENBERG, Auteur ; Ayesha G. RASHIDI, Auteur ; Vinh TAN, Auteur ; Maria T. SECARA, Auteur ; Pushpal DESARKAR, Auteur ; George FOUSSIAS, Auteur ; Robert W. BUCHANAN, Auteur ; Anil K. MALHOTRA, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Aristotle N VOINESKOS, Auteur ; Stephanie H. AMEIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 37p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Social Cognition  Male  Female  Adult  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Adolescent  Young Adult  Brain/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology  Schizophrenia/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging  Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging/psychology  Autistic Disorder/physiopathology/psychology  Brain Mapping  Case-Control Studies  Autism  Schizophrenia spectrum disorders  Social cognition  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) both feature atypical social cognition. Despite evidence for comparable group-level performance in lower-level emotion processing and higher-level mentalizing, limited research has examined the neural basis of social cognition across these conditions. Our goal was to compare the neural correlates of social cognition in autism, SSDs, and typically developing controls (TDCs). METHODS: Data came from two harmonized studies in individuals diagnosed with autism or SSDs and TDCs (aged 16-35 years), including behavioral social cognitive metrics and two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tasks: a social mirroring Imitate/Observe (ImObs) task and the Empathic Accuracy (EA) task. Group-level comparisons, and transdiagnostic analyses incorporating social cognitive performance, were run using FSL's PALM for each task, covarying for age and sex (1000 permutations, thresholded at p < 0.05 FWE-corrected). Exploratory region of interest (ROI)-based analyses were also conducted. RESULTS: ImObs and EA analyses included 164 and 174 participants, respectively (autism N = 56/59, SSD N = 50/56, TDC N = 58/59). EA and both lower- and higher-level social cognition scores differed across groups. While canonical social cognitive networks were activated, no significant whole-brain or ROI-based group-level differences in neural correlates for either task were detected. Transdiagnostically, neural activity during the EA task, but not the ImObs task, was associated with lower- and higher-level social cognitive performance. LIMITATIONS: Despite attempting to match our groups on age, sex, and race, significant group differences remained. Power to detect regional brain differences is also influenced by sample size and multiple comparisons in whole-brain analyses. Our findings may not generalize to autism and SSD individuals with co-occurring intellectual disabilities. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of whole-brain and ROI-based group-level differences identified and the dimensional EA brain-behavior relationship observed across our sample suggest that the EA task may be well-suited to target engagement in novel intervention testing. Our results also emphasize the potential utility of cross-condition approaches to better understand social cognition across autism and SSDs. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00615-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538 [article] Task-based functional neural correlates of social cognition across autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lindsay D. OLIVER, Auteur ; Iska MOXON-EMRE, Auteur ; Colin HAWCO, Auteur ; Erin W. DICKIE, Auteur ; Arla DAKLI, Auteur ; Rachael E. LYON, Auteur ; Peter SZATMARI, Auteur ; John D. HALTIGAN, Auteur ; Anna GOLDENBERG, Auteur ; Ayesha G. RASHIDI, Auteur ; Vinh TAN, Auteur ; Maria T. SECARA, Auteur ; Pushpal DESARKAR, Auteur ; George FOUSSIAS, Auteur ; Robert W. BUCHANAN, Auteur ; Anil K. MALHOTRA, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Aristotle N VOINESKOS, Auteur ; Stephanie H. AMEIS, Auteur . - 37p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 37p. Mots-clés : Humans  Social Cognition  Male  Female  Adult  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Adolescent  Young Adult  Brain/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology  Schizophrenia/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging  Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging/psychology  Autistic Disorder/physiopathology/psychology  Brain Mapping  Case-Control Studies  Autism  Schizophrenia spectrum disorders  Social cognition  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) both feature atypical social cognition. Despite evidence for comparable group-level performance in lower-level emotion processing and higher-level mentalizing, limited research has examined the neural basis of social cognition across these conditions. Our goal was to compare the neural correlates of social cognition in autism, SSDs, and typically developing controls (TDCs). METHODS: Data came from two harmonized studies in individuals diagnosed with autism or SSDs and TDCs (aged 16-35 years), including behavioral social cognitive metrics and two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tasks: a social mirroring Imitate/Observe (ImObs) task and the Empathic Accuracy (EA) task. Group-level comparisons, and transdiagnostic analyses incorporating social cognitive performance, were run using FSL's PALM for each task, covarying for age and sex (1000 permutations, thresholded at p < 0.05 FWE-corrected). Exploratory region of interest (ROI)-based analyses were also conducted. RESULTS: ImObs and EA analyses included 164 and 174 participants, respectively (autism N = 56/59, SSD N = 50/56, TDC N = 58/59). EA and both lower- and higher-level social cognition scores differed across groups. While canonical social cognitive networks were activated, no significant whole-brain or ROI-based group-level differences in neural correlates for either task were detected. Transdiagnostically, neural activity during the EA task, but not the ImObs task, was associated with lower- and higher-level social cognitive performance. LIMITATIONS: Despite attempting to match our groups on age, sex, and race, significant group differences remained. Power to detect regional brain differences is also influenced by sample size and multiple comparisons in whole-brain analyses. Our findings may not generalize to autism and SSD individuals with co-occurring intellectual disabilities. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of whole-brain and ROI-based group-level differences identified and the dimensional EA brain-behavior relationship observed across our sample suggest that the EA task may be well-suited to target engagement in novel intervention testing. Our results also emphasize the potential utility of cross-condition approaches to better understand social cognition across autism and SSDs. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00615-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538

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