Hidden talents in harsh environments / Bruce J. ELLIS in Development and Psychopathology, 34-1 (February 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 34-1 (February 2022) . - p.95-113 Titre : Hidden talents in harsh environments Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bruce J. ELLIS, Auteur ; Laura S. ABRAMS, Auteur ; Ann S. MASTEN, Auteur ; Robert J. STERNBERG, Auteur ; Nim TOTTENHAM, Auteur ; Willem E. FRANKENHUIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.95-113 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adaptive intelligence  adjudicated youth  developmental adaptation to stress  educational interventions  neuroplasticity  resilience  stress-adapted skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although early-life adversity can undermine healthy development, children growing up in harsh environments may develop intact, or even enhanced, skills for solving problems in high-adversity contexts (i.e., ?hidden talents?). Here we situate the hidden talents model within a larger interdisciplinary framework. Summarizing theory and research on hidden talents, we propose that stress-adapted skills represent a form of adaptive intelligence that enables individuals to function within the constraints of harsh, unpredictable environments. We discuss the alignment of the hidden talents model with current knowledge about human brain development following early adversity; examine potential applications of this perspective to multiple sectors concerned with youth from harsh environments, including education, social services, and juvenile justice; and compare the hidden talents model with contemporary developmental resilience models. We conclude that the hidden talents approach offers exciting new directions for research on developmental adaptations to childhood adversity, with translational implications for leveraging stress-adapted skills to more effectively tailor education, jobs, and interventions to fit the needs and potentials of individuals from a diverse range of life circumstances. This approach affords a well-rounded view of people who live with adversity that avoids stigma and communicates a novel, distinctive, and strength-based message. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420000887 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=474 [article] Hidden talents in harsh environments [texte imprimé] / Bruce J. ELLIS, Auteur ; Laura S. ABRAMS, Auteur ; Ann S. MASTEN, Auteur ; Robert J. STERNBERG, Auteur ; Nim TOTTENHAM, Auteur ; Willem E. FRANKENHUIS, Auteur . - p.95-113. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 34-1 (February 2022) . - p.95-113 Mots-clés : adaptive intelligence  adjudicated youth  developmental adaptation to stress  educational interventions  neuroplasticity  resilience  stress-adapted skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although early-life adversity can undermine healthy development, children growing up in harsh environments may develop intact, or even enhanced, skills for solving problems in high-adversity contexts (i.e., ?hidden talents?). Here we situate the hidden talents model within a larger interdisciplinary framework. Summarizing theory and research on hidden talents, we propose that stress-adapted skills represent a form of adaptive intelligence that enables individuals to function within the constraints of harsh, unpredictable environments. We discuss the alignment of the hidden talents model with current knowledge about human brain development following early adversity; examine potential applications of this perspective to multiple sectors concerned with youth from harsh environments, including education, social services, and juvenile justice; and compare the hidden talents model with contemporary developmental resilience models. We conclude that the hidden talents approach offers exciting new directions for research on developmental adaptations to childhood adversity, with translational implications for leveraging stress-adapted skills to more effectively tailor education, jobs, and interventions to fit the needs and potentials of individuals from a diverse range of life circumstances. This approach affords a well-rounded view of people who live with adversity that avoids stigma and communicates a novel, distinctive, and strength-based message. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420000887 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=474

Risk factors and resilience in the developing world: One of many lessons to learn / Elena L. GRIGORENKO in Development and Psychopathology, 19-3 (Summer 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 19-3 (Summer 2007) . - p.747-765 Titre : Risk factors and resilience in the developing world: One of many lessons to learn Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elena L. GRIGORENKO, Auteur ; Linda JARVIN, Auteur ; Bestern KAANI, Auteur ; Paula PULE KAPUNGULYA, Auteur ; Jonna KWIATKOWSKI, Auteur ; Robert J. STERNBERG, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.747-765 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This article summarizes the results of an intervention study with approximately 4,000 Zambian children, in which risk of helminth infection and related health problems were ameliorated with medication and micronutrient and vitamin supplementation. The results of this intervention were tracked with a newly developed cognitive assessment battery for Zambian school children in Grades 3–7. The quantification of cognitive functioning manifested after the intervention indicated treatment-related improvements in the cognitive skill of following instructions. This skill is fundamental to success in school. It constitutes an important indicator of resilience in overcoming difficulties related to growing up and being educated under the pressure of the multiple risk factors characteristic of the developing world. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579407000375 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=166 [article] Risk factors and resilience in the developing world: One of many lessons to learn [texte imprimé] / Elena L. GRIGORENKO, Auteur ; Linda JARVIN, Auteur ; Bestern KAANI, Auteur ; Paula PULE KAPUNGULYA, Auteur ; Jonna KWIATKOWSKI, Auteur ; Robert J. STERNBERG, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.747-765. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 19-3 (Summer 2007) . - p.747-765 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This article summarizes the results of an intervention study with approximately 4,000 Zambian children, in which risk of helminth infection and related health problems were ameliorated with medication and micronutrient and vitamin supplementation. The results of this intervention were tracked with a newly developed cognitive assessment battery for Zambian school children in Grades 3–7. The quantification of cognitive functioning manifested after the intervention indicated treatment-related improvements in the cognitive skill of following instructions. This skill is fundamental to success in school. It constitutes an important indicator of resilience in overcoming difficulties related to growing up and being educated under the pressure of the multiple risk factors characteristic of the developing world. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579407000375 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=166

"Social policy and intelligence" Redux: a tribute to Edward Zigler / Robert J. STERNBERG in Development and Psychopathology, 33-2 (May 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 33-2 (May 2021) . - p.522-532 Titre : "Social policy and intelligence" Redux: a tribute to Edward Zigler Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Robert J. STERNBERG, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p.522-532 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adaptive intelligence  creative intelligence  intellectual deficiency  practical intelligence  successful intelligence  wisdom Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : I present a theory of adaptive intelligence and discuss why I believe adaptive intelligence, rather than general intelligence, is the kind of intelligence upon which we should focus in today's world. Adaptive intelligence is the ability to adapt to, shape, and select real-world environments in ways that result in positive outcomes not only for oneself, but also for others and the world. Edward Zigler was among the first to recognize the importance of levels of adaptation to intellectual deficiency, arguing from early on that intellectual challenges needed to be recognized not just in terms of IQ but also in terms of adaptive functioning. Adaptive intelligence is compared to and contrasted with general intelligence, which is usually defined as the first factor in a factor analysis of psychometric tests. I first introduce the main issues in the article. Then I discuss how one even would decide what intelligence is. Next I discuss broader theories of intelligence and especially the theory of adaptive intelligence. Then I talk about the perishability of theories of intelligence and other things-to what extent are they set up so that people are willing and able to move beyond them? Finally, I discuss how individual outcomes do not necessarily predict collective outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420000693 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=444 [article] "Social policy and intelligence" Redux: a tribute to Edward Zigler [texte imprimé] / Robert J. STERNBERG, Auteur . - 2021 . - p.522-532. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 33-2 (May 2021) . - p.522-532 Mots-clés : adaptive intelligence  creative intelligence  intellectual deficiency  practical intelligence  successful intelligence  wisdom Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : I present a theory of adaptive intelligence and discuss why I believe adaptive intelligence, rather than general intelligence, is the kind of intelligence upon which we should focus in today's world. Adaptive intelligence is the ability to adapt to, shape, and select real-world environments in ways that result in positive outcomes not only for oneself, but also for others and the world. Edward Zigler was among the first to recognize the importance of levels of adaptation to intellectual deficiency, arguing from early on that intellectual challenges needed to be recognized not just in terms of IQ but also in terms of adaptive functioning. Adaptive intelligence is compared to and contrasted with general intelligence, which is usually defined as the first factor in a factor analysis of psychometric tests. I first introduce the main issues in the article. Then I discuss how one even would decide what intelligence is. Next I discuss broader theories of intelligence and especially the theory of adaptive intelligence. Then I talk about the perishability of theories of intelligence and other things-to what extent are they set up so that people are willing and able to move beyond them? Finally, I discuss how individual outcomes do not necessarily predict collective outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420000693 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=444

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