Brief Report: Suboptimal Auditory Localization in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Support for the Bayesian Account of Sensory Symptoms / Joshua C. SKEWES in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-7 (July 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-7 (July 2016) . - p.2539-2547 Titre : Brief Report: Suboptimal Auditory Localization in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Support for the Bayesian Account of Sensory Symptoms Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Joshua C. SKEWES, Auteur ; Line GEBAUER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2539-2547 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Sensory symptoms  Auditory localization  Bayesian models Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Convergent research suggests that people with ASD have difficulties localizing sounds in space. These difficulties have implications for communication, the development of social behavior, and quality of life. Recently, a theory has emerged which treats perceptual symptoms in ASD as the product of impairments in implicit Bayesian inference; as suboptimalities in the integration of sensory evidence with prior perceptual knowledge. We present the results of an experiment that applies this new theory to understanding difficulties in auditory localization, and we find that adults with ASD integrate prior information less optimally when making perceptual judgments about the spatial sources of sounds. We discuss these results in terms of their implications for formal models of symptoms in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2774-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290 [article] Brief Report: Suboptimal Auditory Localization in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Support for the Bayesian Account of Sensory Symptoms [texte imprimé] / Joshua C. SKEWES, Auteur ; Line GEBAUER, Auteur . - p.2539-2547. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-7 (July 2016) . - p.2539-2547 Mots-clés : Sensory symptoms  Auditory localization  Bayesian models Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Convergent research suggests that people with ASD have difficulties localizing sounds in space. These difficulties have implications for communication, the development of social behavior, and quality of life. Recently, a theory has emerged which treats perceptual symptoms in ASD as the product of impairments in implicit Bayesian inference; as suboptimalities in the integration of sensory evidence with prior perceptual knowledge. We present the results of an experiment that applies this new theory to understanding difficulties in auditory localization, and we find that adults with ASD integrate prior information less optimally when making perceptual judgments about the spatial sources of sounds. We discuss these results in terms of their implications for formal models of symptoms in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2774-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290

Perceptual inference and autistic traits / Joshua C. SKEWES in Autism, 19-3 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 19-3 (April 2015) . - p.301-307 Titre : Perceptual inference and autistic traits Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Joshua C. SKEWES, Auteur ; Else-Marie JEGINDØ, Auteur ; Line GEBAUER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.301-307 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  perceptual enhancements  perceptual inference  signal detection theory  weak priors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic people are better at perceiving details. Major theories explain this in terms of bottom-up sensory mechanisms or in terms of top-down cognitive biases. Recently, it has become possible to link these theories within a common framework. This framework assumes that perception is implicit neural inference, combining sensory evidence with prior perceptual knowledge. Within this framework, perceptual differences may occur because of enhanced precision in how sensory evidence is represented or because sensory evidence is weighted much higher than prior perceptual knowledge. In this preliminary study, we compared these models using groups with high and low autistic trait scores (Autism-Spectrum Quotient). We found evidence supporting the cognitive bias model and no evidence for the enhanced sensory precision model. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313519872 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=257 [article] Perceptual inference and autistic traits [texte imprimé] / Joshua C. SKEWES, Auteur ; Else-Marie JEGINDØ, Auteur ; Line GEBAUER, Auteur . - p.301-307. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 19-3 (April 2015) . - p.301-307 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  perceptual enhancements  perceptual inference  signal detection theory  weak priors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic people are better at perceiving details. Major theories explain this in terms of bottom-up sensory mechanisms or in terms of top-down cognitive biases. Recently, it has become possible to link these theories within a common framework. This framework assumes that perception is implicit neural inference, combining sensory evidence with prior perceptual knowledge. Within this framework, perceptual differences may occur because of enhanced precision in how sensory evidence is represented or because sensory evidence is weighted much higher than prior perceptual knowledge. In this preliminary study, we compared these models using groups with high and low autistic trait scores (Autism-Spectrum Quotient). We found evidence supporting the cognitive bias model and no evidence for the enhanced sensory precision model. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313519872 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=257

Typical pain experience but underestimation of others' pain: Emotion perception in self and others in autism spectrum disorder / Hanna THALER in Autism, 22-6 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 22-6 (August 2018) . - p.751-762 Titre : Typical pain experience but underestimation of others' pain: Emotion perception in self and others in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hanna THALER, Auteur ; Joshua C. SKEWES, Auteur ; Line GEBAUER, Auteur ; Peer CHRISTENSEN, Auteur ; Kenneth M. PRKACHIN, Auteur ; E.M. JEGINDO ELMHOLDT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.751-762 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : alexithymia  autism spectrum disorder  emotion  face perception  pain  sensory features  social cognition and social behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Difficulties in emotion perception are commonly observed in autism spectrum disorder. However, it is unclear whether these difficulties can be attributed to a general problem of relating to emotional states, or whether they specifically concern the perception of others' expressions. This study addressed this question in the context of pain, a sensory and emotional state with strong social relevance. We investigated pain evaluation in self and others in 16 male individuals with autism spectrum disorder and 16 age- and gender-matched individuals without autism spectrum disorder. Both groups had at least average intelligence and comparable levels of alexithymia and pain catastrophizing. We assessed pain reactivity by administering suprathreshold electrical pain stimulation at four intensity levels. Pain evaluation in others was investigated using dynamic facial expressions of shoulder patients experiencing pain at the same four intensity levels. Participants with autism spectrum disorder evaluated their own pain as being more intense than the pain of others, showing an underestimation bias for others' pain at all intensity levels. Conversely, in the control group, self- and other evaluations of pain intensity were comparable and positively associated. Results indicate that emotion perception difficulties in autism spectrum disorder concern the evaluation of others' emotional expressions, with no evidence for atypical experience of own emotional states. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317701269 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] Typical pain experience but underestimation of others' pain: Emotion perception in self and others in autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Hanna THALER, Auteur ; Joshua C. SKEWES, Auteur ; Line GEBAUER, Auteur ; Peer CHRISTENSEN, Auteur ; Kenneth M. PRKACHIN, Auteur ; E.M. JEGINDO ELMHOLDT, Auteur . - p.751-762. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 22-6 (August 2018) . - p.751-762 Mots-clés : alexithymia  autism spectrum disorder  emotion  face perception  pain  sensory features  social cognition and social behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Difficulties in emotion perception are commonly observed in autism spectrum disorder. However, it is unclear whether these difficulties can be attributed to a general problem of relating to emotional states, or whether they specifically concern the perception of others' expressions. This study addressed this question in the context of pain, a sensory and emotional state with strong social relevance. We investigated pain evaluation in self and others in 16 male individuals with autism spectrum disorder and 16 age- and gender-matched individuals without autism spectrum disorder. Both groups had at least average intelligence and comparable levels of alexithymia and pain catastrophizing. We assessed pain reactivity by administering suprathreshold electrical pain stimulation at four intensity levels. Pain evaluation in others was investigated using dynamic facial expressions of shoulder patients experiencing pain at the same four intensity levels. Participants with autism spectrum disorder evaluated their own pain as being more intense than the pain of others, showing an underestimation bias for others' pain at all intensity levels. Conversely, in the control group, self- and other evaluations of pain intensity were comparable and positively associated. Results indicate that emotion perception difficulties in autism spectrum disorder concern the evaluation of others' emotional expressions, with no evidence for atypical experience of own emotional states. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317701269 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

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