Dépouillements

Editorial: Preschool behaviour problems – over-pathologised or under-identified? A developmental psychopathology perspective is needed / Tobias BANASCHEWSKI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-1 (January 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.1-2 Titre : Editorial: Preschool behaviour problems – over-pathologised or under-identified? A developmental psychopathology perspective is needed Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.1-2 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : "the diagnostic challenge to differentiate psychopathological forms of preschool disruptive behaviour from early child temperament features and the broad range of normative misbehaviours poses a particular problem for the current psychiatric classification systems." En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02206.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=939 [article] Editorial: Preschool behaviour problems – over-pathologised or under-identified? A developmental psychopathology perspective is needed [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.1-2. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.1-2 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : "the diagnostic challenge to differentiate psychopathological forms of preschool disruptive behaviour from early child temperament features and the broad range of normative misbehaviours poses a particular problem for the current psychiatric classification systems." En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02206.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=939

Research Review: 'Ain't misbehavin': Towards a developmentally-specified nosology for preschool disruptive behavior / Lauren S. WAKSCHLAG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-1 (January 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.3-22 Titre : Research Review: 'Ain't misbehavin': Towards a developmentally-specified nosology for preschool disruptive behavior Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lauren S. WAKSCHLAG, Auteur ; Bennett L. LEVENTHAL, Auteur ; Patrick H. TOLAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.3-22 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Disruptive behavior conduct-disorder development preschool-children antisocial-behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is increasing consensus that disruptive behavior disorders and syndromes (DBDs) are identifiable in preschool children. There is also concomitant recognition of the limitations of the current DBD nosology for distinguishing disruptive behavior symptoms from the normative misbehavior of early childhood. In particular, there appears to be substantial insensitivity to heterotypic manifestations of this developmental period and problems in identifying meaningful heterogeneity. As a result, the developmental basis for much of the current nosology may be called into question. To address these and other critical issues, this paper reviews the foundational elements of clinical and developmental science pertinent to developmental differentiation of disruptive behavior in the preschool period as paradigmatic for developmental specification across the lifespan and generates an agenda for future research. We begin by reviewing evidence of the validity of DBDs in preschool children. This is followed by an outline of key developmental concepts and a review of the corollary evidence from developmental science. These provide a basis for conceptualizing disruptive behavior in reference to developmental deviation in four core dimensions hypothesized to mark the core features of disruptive behavior syndromes. Finally, we propose a program of research to establish an empirical basis for determining the incremental utility of a developmentally specified nosology. Central to this approach is a contention that the benefits of developmental specification are extensive and outweigh any disadvantages. This is because a developmentally specified approach holds substantial promise for increasing sensitivity and specificity for differentiating disruptive behavior from normative misbehavior and from other related syndromes as well as for improving prediction. Further, more precisely defined, developmentally based phenotypes are likely to elucidate distinct mechanisms within translational studies and to serve as a catalyst for the generation of novel treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02184.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=939 [article] Research Review: 'Ain't misbehavin': Towards a developmentally-specified nosology for preschool disruptive behavior [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lauren S. WAKSCHLAG, Auteur ; Bennett L. LEVENTHAL, Auteur ; Patrick H. TOLAN, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.3-22. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.3-22 Mots-clés : Disruptive behavior conduct-disorder development preschool-children antisocial-behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is increasing consensus that disruptive behavior disorders and syndromes (DBDs) are identifiable in preschool children. There is also concomitant recognition of the limitations of the current DBD nosology for distinguishing disruptive behavior symptoms from the normative misbehavior of early childhood. In particular, there appears to be substantial insensitivity to heterotypic manifestations of this developmental period and problems in identifying meaningful heterogeneity. As a result, the developmental basis for much of the current nosology may be called into question. To address these and other critical issues, this paper reviews the foundational elements of clinical and developmental science pertinent to developmental differentiation of disruptive behavior in the preschool period as paradigmatic for developmental specification across the lifespan and generates an agenda for future research. We begin by reviewing evidence of the validity of DBDs in preschool children. This is followed by an outline of key developmental concepts and a review of the corollary evidence from developmental science. These provide a basis for conceptualizing disruptive behavior in reference to developmental deviation in four core dimensions hypothesized to mark the core features of disruptive behavior syndromes. Finally, we propose a program of research to establish an empirical basis for determining the incremental utility of a developmentally specified nosology. Central to this approach is a contention that the benefits of developmental specification are extensive and outweigh any disadvantages. This is because a developmentally specified approach holds substantial promise for increasing sensitivity and specificity for differentiating disruptive behavior from normative misbehavior and from other related syndromes as well as for improving prediction. Further, more precisely defined, developmentally based phenotypes are likely to elucidate distinct mechanisms within translational studies and to serve as a catalyst for the generation of novel treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02184.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=939

Oppositional defiant behavior toward adults and oppositional defiant behavior toward other children: evidence for two separate constructs with mothers'and fathers'ratings of Brazilian children / Marcela ALVES DE MOURA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-1 (January 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.23-30 Titre : Oppositional defiant behavior toward adults and oppositional defiant behavior toward other children: evidence for two separate constructs with mothers'and fathers'ratings of Brazilian children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marcela ALVES DE MOURA, Auteur ; G. Leonard BURNS, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.23-30 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Oppositional-defiant-disorder attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder confirmatory-factor-analysis agreement-between-mothers'-and-fathers'-ratings Brazil Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to determine if oppositional defiant behavior (ODB) toward adults and oppositional defiant behavior toward other children were constructs distinct from each other as well as from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder–hyperactivity/impulsivity (ADHD-HI), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder–inattention (ADHD-IN), and academic competence. Methods: Mothers and fathers rated the occurrence of the DSM-IV oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms where the target was an adult (e.g., argues with adults) and the ODD symptoms where the target was another child (brothers, sisters, or peers) (e.g., argues with other children) along with ADHD-IN, ADHD-HI, and academic competence in a sample of 894 Brazilian children on the Portuguese version of the Child and Adolescent Disruptive Behavior Inventory (CADBI). Results: The ODB-Adults' and ODB-Children's factors showed invariance (i.e., equality of like item loadings, intercepts, residuals; as well as like factor variances, covariances, and means), convergent validity, and discriminant validity from each other as well as from ADHD-IN, ADHD-HI, and academic competence between mothers' and fathers' ratings. Conclusions: With the Portuguese parent version of the CADBI, the evidence indicated that ODB-Adults and ODB-Children represent two constructs rather than one. The distinction between ODB-Adults and ODB-Children allows for a more specific study of the development of ODB in children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02130.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=939 [article] Oppositional defiant behavior toward adults and oppositional defiant behavior toward other children: evidence for two separate constructs with mothers'and fathers'ratings of Brazilian children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marcela ALVES DE MOURA, Auteur ; G. Leonard BURNS, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.23-30. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.23-30 Mots-clés : Oppositional-defiant-disorder attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder confirmatory-factor-analysis agreement-between-mothers'-and-fathers'-ratings Brazil Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to determine if oppositional defiant behavior (ODB) toward adults and oppositional defiant behavior toward other children were constructs distinct from each other as well as from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder–hyperactivity/impulsivity (ADHD-HI), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder–inattention (ADHD-IN), and academic competence. Methods: Mothers and fathers rated the occurrence of the DSM-IV oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms where the target was an adult (e.g., argues with adults) and the ODD symptoms where the target was another child (brothers, sisters, or peers) (e.g., argues with other children) along with ADHD-IN, ADHD-HI, and academic competence in a sample of 894 Brazilian children on the Portuguese version of the Child and Adolescent Disruptive Behavior Inventory (CADBI). Results: The ODB-Adults' and ODB-Children's factors showed invariance (i.e., equality of like item loadings, intercepts, residuals; as well as like factor variances, covariances, and means), convergent validity, and discriminant validity from each other as well as from ADHD-IN, ADHD-HI, and academic competence between mothers' and fathers' ratings. Conclusions: With the Portuguese parent version of the CADBI, the evidence indicated that ODB-Adults and ODB-Children represent two constructs rather than one. The distinction between ODB-Adults and ODB-Children allows for a more specific study of the development of ODB in children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02130.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=939

Youth meeting symptom and impairment criteria for mania-like episodes lasting less than four days: an epidemiological enquiry / Argyris STRINGARIS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-1 (January 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.31-38 Titre : Youth meeting symptom and impairment criteria for mania-like episodes lasting less than four days: an epidemiological enquiry Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Argyris STRINGARIS, Auteur ; Paramala J. SANTOSH, Auteur ; Robert GOODMAN, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.31-38 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Bipolar-disorder manic-episodes attention-deficit hyperactivity-disorder oppositional-defiant-disorder conduct-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Little is known about short-duration episodes of mania-like symptoms in youth. Here we determine the prevalence, morbid associations, and contribution to social impairment of a phenotype characterised by episodes during which symptom and impairment criteria for mania are met, but DSM-IV duration criteria are not (bipolar not otherwise specified; BP-NOS). Methods: A cross-sectional national survey of a sample (N = 5,326) of 8–19-year-olds from the general population using information from parents and youth. Outcome measures were prevalence rates and morbid associations assessed by the Developmental and Well-Being Assessment, and social impairment assessed by the impact scale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results: While only seven individuals (.1%) met definite or probable DSM-IV criteria for BPI or BPII, the prevalence of BP-NOS was 10-fold higher, 1.1% by parent report and 1.5% by youth report. Parent–youth agreement was very low: κ = .02, p > .05 for BP-NOS. Prevalence and episode duration for BP-NOS did not vary by age. BP-NOS showed strong associations with externalising disorders. After adjusting for a dimensional measure of general psychopathology, self-reported (but not parent-reported) BP-NOS remained associated with overall social impairment. Conclusions: BP meeting full DSM-IV criteria is rare in youth. BP-NOS, defined by episodes shorter than those required by DSM-IV, but during which DSM-IV symptom and impairment criteria are met, is commoner and may be associated with social impairment that is beyond what can be accounted for by other psychopathology. These findings support the importance of research into these short episodes during which manic symptoms are met in youth but they also call into question the extent to which BP-NOS in youth is a variant of DSM-IV BP – superficially similar symptoms may not necessarily imply deeper similarities in aetiology or treatment response. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02129.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=939 [article] Youth meeting symptom and impairment criteria for mania-like episodes lasting less than four days: an epidemiological enquiry [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Argyris STRINGARIS, Auteur ; Paramala J. SANTOSH, Auteur ; Robert GOODMAN, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.31-38. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.31-38 Mots-clés : Bipolar-disorder manic-episodes attention-deficit hyperactivity-disorder oppositional-defiant-disorder conduct-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Little is known about short-duration episodes of mania-like symptoms in youth. Here we determine the prevalence, morbid associations, and contribution to social impairment of a phenotype characterised by episodes during which symptom and impairment criteria for mania are met, but DSM-IV duration criteria are not (bipolar not otherwise specified; BP-NOS). Methods: A cross-sectional national survey of a sample (N = 5,326) of 8–19-year-olds from the general population using information from parents and youth. Outcome measures were prevalence rates and morbid associations assessed by the Developmental and Well-Being Assessment, and social impairment assessed by the impact scale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results: While only seven individuals (.1%) met definite or probable DSM-IV criteria for BPI or BPII, the prevalence of BP-NOS was 10-fold higher, 1.1% by parent report and 1.5% by youth report. Parent–youth agreement was very low: κ = .02, p > .05 for BP-NOS. Prevalence and episode duration for BP-NOS did not vary by age. BP-NOS showed strong associations with externalising disorders. After adjusting for a dimensional measure of general psychopathology, self-reported (but not parent-reported) BP-NOS remained associated with overall social impairment. Conclusions: BP meeting full DSM-IV criteria is rare in youth. BP-NOS, defined by episodes shorter than those required by DSM-IV, but during which DSM-IV symptom and impairment criteria are met, is commoner and may be associated with social impairment that is beyond what can be accounted for by other psychopathology. These findings support the importance of research into these short episodes during which manic symptoms are met in youth but they also call into question the extent to which BP-NOS in youth is a variant of DSM-IV BP – superficially similar symptoms may not necessarily imply deeper similarities in aetiology or treatment response. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02129.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=939

A longitudinal twin study of the direction of effects between psychopathic personality and antisocial behaviour / Mats FORSMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-1 (January 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.39-47 Titre : A longitudinal twin study of the direction of effects between psychopathic personality and antisocial behaviour Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mats FORSMAN, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Henrik ANDERSHED, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.39-47 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Antisocial-behaviour psychopathic-personality longitudinal twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Antisocial behaviour may partly develop as a consequence of psychopathic personality. However, neither the direction of effects nor the aetiology of the association has previously been clarified. The aim in this study was to investigate the direction of effects between psychopathic personality and antisocial behaviour, and to investigate the genetic and environmental contribution to this association. Method: Twins (n = 2,255) in the Swedish Twin Study of Child and Adolescent Development were prospectively followed from adolescence to adulthood. We used a longitudinal cross-lagged twin model to study the associations between psychopathic personality and antisocial behaviour. Results: Psychopathic personality in mid-adolescence predicted antisocial behaviour in adulthood (p < .001), but not the other way around. However, bidirectional effects were found when a measure of persistent antisocial behaviour (from age 8–9 to age 16–17) was used. Psychopathic personality predicted both rule-breaking behaviour (p < .001) and aggressive behaviour (p < .01). Genetic factors were of importance in mediating the longitudinal associations between psychopathic personality and antisocial behaviour. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that genetically influenced psychopathic personality is a robust predictor of adult antisocial behaviour, but also that persistent antisocial behaviour has an impact on adult psychopathic personality via genetic effects. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02141.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=939 [article] A longitudinal twin study of the direction of effects between psychopathic personality and antisocial behaviour [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mats FORSMAN, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Henrik ANDERSHED, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.39-47. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.39-47 Mots-clés : Antisocial-behaviour psychopathic-personality longitudinal twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Antisocial behaviour may partly develop as a consequence of psychopathic personality. However, neither the direction of effects nor the aetiology of the association has previously been clarified. The aim in this study was to investigate the direction of effects between psychopathic personality and antisocial behaviour, and to investigate the genetic and environmental contribution to this association. Method: Twins (n = 2,255) in the Swedish Twin Study of Child and Adolescent Development were prospectively followed from adolescence to adulthood. We used a longitudinal cross-lagged twin model to study the associations between psychopathic personality and antisocial behaviour. Results: Psychopathic personality in mid-adolescence predicted antisocial behaviour in adulthood (p < .001), but not the other way around. However, bidirectional effects were found when a measure of persistent antisocial behaviour (from age 8–9 to age 16–17) was used. Psychopathic personality predicted both rule-breaking behaviour (p < .001) and aggressive behaviour (p < .01). Genetic factors were of importance in mediating the longitudinal associations between psychopathic personality and antisocial behaviour. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that genetically influenced psychopathic personality is a robust predictor of adult antisocial behaviour, but also that persistent antisocial behaviour has an impact on adult psychopathic personality via genetic effects. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02141.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=939

Randomised controlled trial of parent groups for child antisocial behaviour targeting multiple risk factors: the SPOKES project / Stephen SCOTT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-1 (January 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.48-57 Titre : Randomised controlled trial of parent groups for child antisocial behaviour targeting multiple risk factors: the SPOKES project Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephen SCOTT, Auteur ; Sabine LANDAU, Auteur ; Brian JACOBS, Auteur ; Kathy SYLVA, Auteur ; Moira DOOLAN, Auteur ; Jenny PRICE, Auteur ; Carolyn CROOK, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.48-57 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aggression antisocial-behaviour parent-training prevention randomised-trial Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: There is a pressing need for cost-effective population-based interventions to tackle early-onset antisocial behaviour. As this is determined by many factors, it would seem logical to devise interventions that address several influences while using an efficient means of delivery. The aim of this trial was to change four risk factors that predict poor outcome: ineffective parenting, conduct problems, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, and low reading ability. Methods: A randomised controlled trial was carried out in eight schools in London, England. Nine hundred and thirty-six (936) 6-year-old children were screened for antisocial behaviour, then parents of 112 high scorers were randomised to parenting groups held in schools or control; 109 were followed up a year later. The intervention lasted 28 weeks and was novel as it had components to address both child behaviour (through the Incredible Years programme) and child literacy (through a new 'SPOKES' programme to help parents read with their children). Fidelity of implementation was emphasised by careful training of therapists and weekly supervision. Controls received an information helpline. Assessment of conduct problems was by parent interview, parenting by direct observation and child reading by psychometric testing. Results: At follow-up parents allocated to the intervention used play, praise and rewards, and time out more often than controls, and harsh discipline less; effect sizes ranged from .31 to .59 sd (p-values .046 to .005). Compared to control children, whose behaviour didn't change, intervention children's conduct problems reduced by .52sd, (p < .001), dropping from the 80th to the 61st percentile; oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD) halved from 60% to 31% (p = .003). ADHD symptoms reduced by .44sd (p = .002), and reading age improved by six months (.36sd, p = .027). Teacher-rated behaviour didn't change. The programme cost £2,380 ($3,800) per child. Conclusions: Effective population-based early intervention to improve the functioning of with antisocial behaviour is practically feasible by targeting multiple risk factors and emphasising implementation fidelity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02127.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=939 [article] Randomised controlled trial of parent groups for child antisocial behaviour targeting multiple risk factors: the SPOKES project [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephen SCOTT, Auteur ; Sabine LANDAU, Auteur ; Brian JACOBS, Auteur ; Kathy SYLVA, Auteur ; Moira DOOLAN, Auteur ; Jenny PRICE, Auteur ; Carolyn CROOK, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.48-57. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.48-57 Mots-clés : Aggression antisocial-behaviour parent-training prevention randomised-trial Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: There is a pressing need for cost-effective population-based interventions to tackle early-onset antisocial behaviour. As this is determined by many factors, it would seem logical to devise interventions that address several influences while using an efficient means of delivery. The aim of this trial was to change four risk factors that predict poor outcome: ineffective parenting, conduct problems, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, and low reading ability. Methods: A randomised controlled trial was carried out in eight schools in London, England. Nine hundred and thirty-six (936) 6-year-old children were screened for antisocial behaviour, then parents of 112 high scorers were randomised to parenting groups held in schools or control; 109 were followed up a year later. The intervention lasted 28 weeks and was novel as it had components to address both child behaviour (through the Incredible Years programme) and child literacy (through a new 'SPOKES' programme to help parents read with their children). Fidelity of implementation was emphasised by careful training of therapists and weekly supervision. Controls received an information helpline. Assessment of conduct problems was by parent interview, parenting by direct observation and child reading by psychometric testing. Results: At follow-up parents allocated to the intervention used play, praise and rewards, and time out more often than controls, and harsh discipline less; effect sizes ranged from .31 to .59 sd (p-values .046 to .005). Compared to control children, whose behaviour didn't change, intervention children's conduct problems reduced by .52sd, (p < .001), dropping from the 80th to the 61st percentile; oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD) halved from 60% to 31% (p = .003). ADHD symptoms reduced by .44sd (p = .002), and reading age improved by six months (.36sd, p = .027). Teacher-rated behaviour didn't change. The programme cost £2,380 ($3,800) per child. Conclusions: Effective population-based early intervention to improve the functioning of with antisocial behaviour is practically feasible by targeting multiple risk factors and emphasising implementation fidelity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02127.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=939

Confirmation and extension of association of blood lead with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptom domains at population-typical exposure levels / Joel T. NIGG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-1 (January 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.58-65 Titre : Confirmation and extension of association of blood lead with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptom domains at population-typical exposure levels Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joel T. NIGG, Auteur ; Molly NIKOLAS, Auteur ; Karen FRIDERICI, Auteur ; G. Mark KNOTTNERUS, Auteur ; Kevin CAVANAGH, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.58-65 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD hyperactivity inattention blood-lead Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Recent studies have suggested that child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its symptom domains are related to blood lead level, even at background exposure levels typical in western countries. However, recent studies disagreed as to whether lead was related to inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity within the ADHD domain. More definitive evaluation of these questions was sought. Methods: Two hundred and thirty-six (236) children aged 6–17 years participated (61 ADHD-Combined type, 47 ADHD Predominantly Inattentive type, 99 non-ADHD control, 29 unclassified borderline, situational, or not otherwise specified (NOS) cases). Formal diagnosis was reliably established by a best estimate procedure based on a semi-structured clinical interview and parent and teacher ratings. Lead was assayed from whole blood using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with a method detection limit of .3 μg/dL. Results: Blood lead levels were slightly below United States and Western Europe population exposure averages, with a mean of .73 and a maximum of 2.2 μg/dL. This is the lowest level of blood lead ever studied in relation to ADHD. After statistical control for covariates including IQ and prenatal smoking exposure, blood lead was associated with ADHD-combined type but not inattentive type. Parent and teacher report indicated association of blood lead with Conners cognitive problems, but only teacher report showed effects on DSM-IV inattention symptoms. Blood lead was associated with hyperactivity-impulsivity in parent report regardless of measurement method, whereas teacher report effects depended on child treatment history. Conclusions: These findings confirm that in children with typical US population lead exposure, careful identification of children with ADHD also identifies children with slightly elevated blood lead. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02135.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=940 [article] Confirmation and extension of association of blood lead with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptom domains at population-typical exposure levels [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joel T. NIGG, Auteur ; Molly NIKOLAS, Auteur ; Karen FRIDERICI, Auteur ; G. Mark KNOTTNERUS, Auteur ; Kevin CAVANAGH, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.58-65. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.58-65 Mots-clés : ADHD hyperactivity inattention blood-lead Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Recent studies have suggested that child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its symptom domains are related to blood lead level, even at background exposure levels typical in western countries. However, recent studies disagreed as to whether lead was related to inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity within the ADHD domain. More definitive evaluation of these questions was sought. Methods: Two hundred and thirty-six (236) children aged 6–17 years participated (61 ADHD-Combined type, 47 ADHD Predominantly Inattentive type, 99 non-ADHD control, 29 unclassified borderline, situational, or not otherwise specified (NOS) cases). Formal diagnosis was reliably established by a best estimate procedure based on a semi-structured clinical interview and parent and teacher ratings. Lead was assayed from whole blood using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with a method detection limit of .3 μg/dL. Results: Blood lead levels were slightly below United States and Western Europe population exposure averages, with a mean of .73 and a maximum of 2.2 μg/dL. This is the lowest level of blood lead ever studied in relation to ADHD. After statistical control for covariates including IQ and prenatal smoking exposure, blood lead was associated with ADHD-combined type but not inattentive type. Parent and teacher report indicated association of blood lead with Conners cognitive problems, but only teacher report showed effects on DSM-IV inattention symptoms. Blood lead was associated with hyperactivity-impulsivity in parent report regardless of measurement method, whereas teacher report effects depended on child treatment history. Conclusions: These findings confirm that in children with typical US population lead exposure, careful identification of children with ADHD also identifies children with slightly elevated blood lead. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02135.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=940

Electrophysiological indices of abnormal error-processing in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) / Madeleine J. GROOM in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-1 (January 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.66-76 Titre : Electrophysiological indices of abnormal error-processing in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Madeleine J. GROOM, Auteur ; John D. CAHILL, Auteur ; Alan T. BATES, Auteur ; Georgina M. JACKSON, Auteur ; Timothy G. CALTON, Auteur ; Peter F. LIDDLE, Auteur ; Chris HOLLIS, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.66-76 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD electrophysiology ERN cognitive-control adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Impaired cognitive control has been frequently observed in children and young people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and might underlie the excessive hyperactivity and impulsivity in this population. We investigated behavioural and electrophysiological indices relevant to one domain of cognitive control; namely error processing. Methods: Adolescents aged 14 to 17 with ADHD (n = 23) and a typically developing control group (HC; n = 19) performed a visual go/no-go task. Electro-encephalography (EEG) data were collected simultaneously and response-locked error trials were averaged to derive two event-related potentials, the error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe). Evoked theta power and inter-trial phase coherence (ITC) were measured in two time windows ('early' and 'late') equivalent to those used for detection of the ERN and Pe. Results: Analysis revealed normal ERN amplitude and a statistical trend for smaller Pe amplitude at a fronto-central electrode site in the ADHD group. The group also showed significant reductions in late evoked theta power and early and late theta ITC. Relationships between behavioural measures and ITC were different between groups, particularly for post-error slowing, a measure of strategic response adjustment on trials immediately following an error. Conclusions: The results reveal abnormalities in behavioural and electrophysiological indices of error processing in adolescents with ADHD and suggest that ITC is more sensitive than traditional ERP measures to error-processing abnormalities. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02128.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=940 [article] Electrophysiological indices of abnormal error-processing in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Madeleine J. GROOM, Auteur ; John D. CAHILL, Auteur ; Alan T. BATES, Auteur ; Georgina M. JACKSON, Auteur ; Timothy G. CALTON, Auteur ; Peter F. LIDDLE, Auteur ; Chris HOLLIS, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.66-76. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.66-76 Mots-clés : ADHD electrophysiology ERN cognitive-control adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Impaired cognitive control has been frequently observed in children and young people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and might underlie the excessive hyperactivity and impulsivity in this population. We investigated behavioural and electrophysiological indices relevant to one domain of cognitive control; namely error processing. Methods: Adolescents aged 14 to 17 with ADHD (n = 23) and a typically developing control group (HC; n = 19) performed a visual go/no-go task. Electro-encephalography (EEG) data were collected simultaneously and response-locked error trials were averaged to derive two event-related potentials, the error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe). Evoked theta power and inter-trial phase coherence (ITC) were measured in two time windows ('early' and 'late') equivalent to those used for detection of the ERN and Pe. Results: Analysis revealed normal ERN amplitude and a statistical trend for smaller Pe amplitude at a fronto-central electrode site in the ADHD group. The group also showed significant reductions in late evoked theta power and early and late theta ITC. Relationships between behavioural measures and ITC were different between groups, particularly for post-error slowing, a measure of strategic response adjustment on trials immediately following an error. Conclusions: The results reveal abnormalities in behavioural and electrophysiological indices of error processing in adolescents with ADHD and suggest that ITC is more sensitive than traditional ERP measures to error-processing abnormalities. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02128.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=940

The relationship between language development and behaviour problems in children with hearing loss / Jim STEVENSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-1 (January 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.77-83 Titre : The relationship between language development and behaviour problems in children with hearing loss Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jim STEVENSON, Auteur ; Donna MCCANN, Auteur ; Peter WATKIN, Auteur ; Sarah WORSFOLD, Auteur ; Colin KENNEDY, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.77-83 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Children hearing-loss receptive-language expressive-language behaviour-problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: There are well-replicated findings that link poor development on a range of communication skills with increased behavioural problems. This paper examines this relationship in children with hearing loss. Method: One hundred and twenty children with hearing loss (67 boys, 53 girls) and 63 hearing children (37 boys, 26 girls) with a mean age of 8 years from eight districts in Southern England were assessed for receptive and expressive language skills. The relationships between these measures and an aggregate of parent- and teacher-reported behaviour problems in the children were investigated. Results: Children with hearing loss had higher levels of behaviour problems compared to hearing children. Once the language abilities of children with hearing loss are taken into account, the negative effects of hearing loss on behaviour disappear. Conclusions: Behaviour problems are found more commonly in children with hearing loss and the level of behaviour problems is highest amongst those children with hearing loss with the least developed language capabilities. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02124.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=940 [article] The relationship between language development and behaviour problems in children with hearing loss [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jim STEVENSON, Auteur ; Donna MCCANN, Auteur ; Peter WATKIN, Auteur ; Sarah WORSFOLD, Auteur ; Colin KENNEDY, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.77-83. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.77-83 Mots-clés : Children hearing-loss receptive-language expressive-language behaviour-problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: There are well-replicated findings that link poor development on a range of communication skills with increased behavioural problems. This paper examines this relationship in children with hearing loss. Method: One hundred and twenty children with hearing loss (67 boys, 53 girls) and 63 hearing children (37 boys, 26 girls) with a mean age of 8 years from eight districts in Southern England were assessed for receptive and expressive language skills. The relationships between these measures and an aggregate of parent- and teacher-reported behaviour problems in the children were investigated. Results: Children with hearing loss had higher levels of behaviour problems compared to hearing children. Once the language abilities of children with hearing loss are taken into account, the negative effects of hearing loss on behaviour disappear. Conclusions: Behaviour problems are found more commonly in children with hearing loss and the level of behaviour problems is highest amongst those children with hearing loss with the least developed language capabilities. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02124.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=940

The role of traumatic event history in non-medical use of prescription drugs among a nationally representative sample of US adolescents / Jenna L. MCCAULE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-1 (January 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.84-93 Titre : The role of traumatic event history in non-medical use of prescription drugs among a nationally representative sample of US adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jenna L. MCCAULE, Auteur ; Kenneth J. RUGGIERO, Auteur ; Rochelle F. HANSON, Auteur ; Daniel W. SMITH, Auteur ; Heidi S. RESNICK, Auteur ; Dean G. KILPATRICK, Auteur ; Benjamin E. SAUNDERS, Auteur ; Carla KMETT DANIELSON, Auteur ; Ananda B. AMSTADTER, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.84-93 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Building on previous research with adolescents that examined demographic variables and other forms of substance abuse in relation to non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD), the current study examined potentially traumatic events, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), other substance use, and delinquent behavior as potential correlates of past-year non-medical use of prescription drugs. Method: A nationally representative sample of 3,614 non-institutionalized, civilian, English-speaking adolescents (aged 12–17 years) residing in households with a telephone was selected. Demographic characteristics, traumatic event history, mental health, and substance abuse variables were assessed. NMUPD was assessed by asking if, in the past year, participants had used a prescription drug in a non-medical manner. Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted for each theoretically derived predictor set. Significant predictors from each set were then entered into a final multivariable logistic regression to determine significant predictors of past-year NMUPD. Results: NMUPD was endorsed by 6.7% of the sample (n = 242). The final multivariable model showed that lifetime history of delinquent behavior, other forms of substance use/abuse, history of witnessed violence, and lifetime history of PTSD were significantly associated with increased likelihood of NMUPD. Conclusions: Risk reduction efforts targeting NMUPD among adolescents who have witnessed significant violence, endorsed abuse of other substances and delinquent behavior, and/or endorsed PTSD are warranted. Interventions for adolescents with history of violence exposure or PTSD, or those adjudicated for delinquent behavior, should include treatment or prevention modules that specifically address NMUPD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02134.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=940 [article] The role of traumatic event history in non-medical use of prescription drugs among a nationally representative sample of US adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jenna L. MCCAULE, Auteur ; Kenneth J. RUGGIERO, Auteur ; Rochelle F. HANSON, Auteur ; Daniel W. SMITH, Auteur ; Heidi S. RESNICK, Auteur ; Dean G. KILPATRICK, Auteur ; Benjamin E. SAUNDERS, Auteur ; Carla KMETT DANIELSON, Auteur ; Ananda B. AMSTADTER, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.84-93. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.84-93 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Building on previous research with adolescents that examined demographic variables and other forms of substance abuse in relation to non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD), the current study examined potentially traumatic events, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), other substance use, and delinquent behavior as potential correlates of past-year non-medical use of prescription drugs. Method: A nationally representative sample of 3,614 non-institutionalized, civilian, English-speaking adolescents (aged 12–17 years) residing in households with a telephone was selected. Demographic characteristics, traumatic event history, mental health, and substance abuse variables were assessed. NMUPD was assessed by asking if, in the past year, participants had used a prescription drug in a non-medical manner. Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted for each theoretically derived predictor set. Significant predictors from each set were then entered into a final multivariable logistic regression to determine significant predictors of past-year NMUPD. Results: NMUPD was endorsed by 6.7% of the sample (n = 242). The final multivariable model showed that lifetime history of delinquent behavior, other forms of substance use/abuse, history of witnessed violence, and lifetime history of PTSD were significantly associated with increased likelihood of NMUPD. Conclusions: Risk reduction efforts targeting NMUPD among adolescents who have witnessed significant violence, endorsed abuse of other substances and delinquent behavior, and/or endorsed PTSD are warranted. Interventions for adolescents with history of violence exposure or PTSD, or those adjudicated for delinquent behavior, should include treatment or prevention modules that specifically address NMUPD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02134.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=940

The effect of cleft lip on socio-emotional functioning in school-aged children / Lynne MURRAY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-1 (January 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.94-103 Titre : The effect of cleft lip on socio-emotional functioning in school-aged children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lynne MURRAY, Auteur ; Françoise HENTGES, Auteur ; Jonathan HILL, Auteur ; Tim GOODACRE, Auteur ; CLEFT LIP AND PALATE STUDY TEAM, Auteur ; Adriane ARTECHE, Auteur ; Caroline BINGLEY, Auteur ; Louise DALTON, Auteur ; Dorothy V. M. BISHOP, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.94-103 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cleft-lip-and-palate behaviour-problems social-functioning attachment communication doll-play Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Children with cleft lip are known to be at raised risk for socio-emotional difficulties, but the nature of these problems and their causes are incompletely understood; longitudinal studies are required that include comprehensive assessment of child functioning, and consideration of developmental mechanisms. Method: Children with cleft lip (with and without cleft palate) (N = 93) and controls (N = 77), previously studied through infancy, were followed up at 7 years, and their socio-emotional functioning assessed using teacher and maternal reports, observations of social interactions, and child social representations (doll play). Direct and moderating effects of infant attachment and current parenting were investigated, as was the role of child communication difficulties and attractiveness. Results: Children with clefts had raised rates of teacher-reported social problems, and anxious and withdrawn-depressed behaviour; direct observations and child representations also revealed difficulties in social relationships. Child communication problems largely accounted for these effects, especially in children with cleft palate as well as cleft lip. Insecure attachment contributed to risk in both index and control groups, and a poorer current parenting environment exacerbated the difficulties of those with clefts. Conclusions: Children with clefts are at raised risk for socio-emotional difficulties in the school years; clinical interventions should focus on communication problems and supporting parenting; specific interventions around the transition to school may be required. More generally, the findings reflect the importance of communication skills for children's peer relations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02186.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=940 [article] The effect of cleft lip on socio-emotional functioning in school-aged children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lynne MURRAY, Auteur ; Françoise HENTGES, Auteur ; Jonathan HILL, Auteur ; Tim GOODACRE, Auteur ; CLEFT LIP AND PALATE STUDY TEAM, Auteur ; Adriane ARTECHE, Auteur ; Caroline BINGLEY, Auteur ; Louise DALTON, Auteur ; Dorothy V. M. BISHOP, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.94-103. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.94-103 Mots-clés : Cleft-lip-and-palate behaviour-problems social-functioning attachment communication doll-play Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Children with cleft lip are known to be at raised risk for socio-emotional difficulties, but the nature of these problems and their causes are incompletely understood; longitudinal studies are required that include comprehensive assessment of child functioning, and consideration of developmental mechanisms. Method: Children with cleft lip (with and without cleft palate) (N = 93) and controls (N = 77), previously studied through infancy, were followed up at 7 years, and their socio-emotional functioning assessed using teacher and maternal reports, observations of social interactions, and child social representations (doll play). Direct and moderating effects of infant attachment and current parenting were investigated, as was the role of child communication difficulties and attractiveness. Results: Children with clefts had raised rates of teacher-reported social problems, and anxious and withdrawn-depressed behaviour; direct observations and child representations also revealed difficulties in social relationships. Child communication problems largely accounted for these effects, especially in children with cleft palate as well as cleft lip. Insecure attachment contributed to risk in both index and control groups, and a poorer current parenting environment exacerbated the difficulties of those with clefts. Conclusions: Children with clefts are at raised risk for socio-emotional difficulties in the school years; clinical interventions should focus on communication problems and supporting parenting; specific interventions around the transition to school may be required. More generally, the findings reflect the importance of communication skills for children's peer relations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02186.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=940

Virtual learning intervention to reduce bullying victimization in primary school: a controlled trial / Maria SAPOUNA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-1 (January 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.104-112 Titre : Virtual learning intervention to reduce bullying victimization in primary school: a controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maria SAPOUNA, Auteur ; Kerstin DAUTENHAHN, Auteur ; Elizabeth ANDRE, Auteur ; Ana PAIVA, Auteur ; Lynne HALL, Auteur ; Sibylle ENZ, Auteur ; Wolfgang SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Sarah WOODS, Auteur ; Scott WATSON, Auteur ; Natalie VANNINI, Auteur ; Dieter WOLKE, Auteur ; Ruth AYLETT, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.104-112 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anti-bullying-intervention victimization virtual-learning controlled-trial Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Anti-bullying interventions to date have shown limited success in reducing victimization and have rarely been evaluated using a controlled trial design. This study examined the effects of the FearNot! anti-bullying virtual learning intervention on escaping victimization, and reducing overall victimization rates among primary school students using a nonrandomized controlled trial design. The program was designed to enhance the coping skills of children who are known to be, or are likely to be, victimized. Methods: One thousand, one hundred twenty-nine children (mean age 8.9 years) in 27 primary schools across the UK and Germany were assigned to the FearNot! intervention or the waiting control condition. The program consisted of three sessions, each lasting approximately 30 minutes over a three-week period. The participants were assessed on self-report measures of victimization before and one and four weeks after the intervention or the normal curriculum period. Results: In the combined sample, baseline victims in the intervention group were more likely to escape victimization at the first follow-up compared with baseline victims in the control group (adjusted RR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.02–1.81). A dose–response relationship between the amount of active interaction with the virtual victims and escaping victimization was found (adjusted OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.003–1.18). Subsample analyses found a significant effect on escaping victimization only to hold for UK children (adjusted RR, 1.90; CI, 1.23–2.57). UK children in the intervention group experienced decreased victimization rates at the first follow-up compared with controls, even after adjusting for baseline victimization, gender and age (adjusted RR, .60; 95% CI, .36–.93). Conclusions: A virtual learning intervention designed to help children experience effective strategies for dealing with bullying had a short-term effect on escaping victimization for a priori identified victims, and a short-term overall prevention effect for UK children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02137.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=940 [article] Virtual learning intervention to reduce bullying victimization in primary school: a controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maria SAPOUNA, Auteur ; Kerstin DAUTENHAHN, Auteur ; Elizabeth ANDRE, Auteur ; Ana PAIVA, Auteur ; Lynne HALL, Auteur ; Sibylle ENZ, Auteur ; Wolfgang SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Sarah WOODS, Auteur ; Scott WATSON, Auteur ; Natalie VANNINI, Auteur ; Dieter WOLKE, Auteur ; Ruth AYLETT, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.104-112. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.104-112 Mots-clés : Anti-bullying-intervention victimization virtual-learning controlled-trial Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Anti-bullying interventions to date have shown limited success in reducing victimization and have rarely been evaluated using a controlled trial design. This study examined the effects of the FearNot! anti-bullying virtual learning intervention on escaping victimization, and reducing overall victimization rates among primary school students using a nonrandomized controlled trial design. The program was designed to enhance the coping skills of children who are known to be, or are likely to be, victimized. Methods: One thousand, one hundred twenty-nine children (mean age 8.9 years) in 27 primary schools across the UK and Germany were assigned to the FearNot! intervention or the waiting control condition. The program consisted of three sessions, each lasting approximately 30 minutes over a three-week period. The participants were assessed on self-report measures of victimization before and one and four weeks after the intervention or the normal curriculum period. Results: In the combined sample, baseline victims in the intervention group were more likely to escape victimization at the first follow-up compared with baseline victims in the control group (adjusted RR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.02–1.81). A dose–response relationship between the amount of active interaction with the virtual victims and escaping victimization was found (adjusted OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.003–1.18). Subsample analyses found a significant effect on escaping victimization only to hold for UK children (adjusted RR, 1.90; CI, 1.23–2.57). UK children in the intervention group experienced decreased victimization rates at the first follow-up compared with controls, even after adjusting for baseline victimization, gender and age (adjusted RR, .60; 95% CI, .36–.93). Conclusions: A virtual learning intervention designed to help children experience effective strategies for dealing with bullying had a short-term effect on escaping victimization for a priori identified victims, and a short-term overall prevention effect for UK children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02137.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=940