Dépouillements

Editorial: Developmental transitions to psychopathology: from genomics and epigenomics to social policy / James F. LECKMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-4 (April 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.333-340 Titre : Editorial: Developmental transitions to psychopathology: from genomics and epigenomics to social policy Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : James F. LECKMAN, Auteur ; M. Yanki YAZGAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.333-340 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02226.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989 [article] Editorial: Developmental transitions to psychopathology: from genomics and epigenomics to social policy [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / James F. LECKMAN, Auteur ; M. Yanki YAZGAN, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.333-340. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.333-340 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02226.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989

Developmental origins of disruptive behaviour problems: the 'original sin'hypothesis, epigenetics and their consequences for prevention / Richard E. TREMBLAY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-4 (April 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.341-367 Titre : Developmental origins of disruptive behaviour problems: the 'original sin'hypothesis, epigenetics and their consequences for prevention Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Richard E. TREMBLAY, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.341-367 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Disruptive-behaviour developmental-origins epigenetics prevention developmental-trajectories aggression opposition stealing vandalism rule-breaking defiance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This paper reviews publications on developmental trajectories of disruptive behaviour (DB) problems (aggression, opposition-defiance, rule breaking, and stealing-vandalism) over the past decade. Prior to these studies two theoretical models had strongly influenced research on DB: social learning and disease onset. According to these developmental perspectives, children learn DB from their environment and onset of the disease is triggered by accumulated exposition to disruptive models in the environment, including the media. Most of the evidence came from studies of school age children and adolescents. Longitudinal studies tracing developmental trajectories of DB from early childhood onwards suggest an inversed developmental process. DB are universal during early childhood. With age, children learn socially acceptable behaviours from interactions with their environment. A 'disease' status is given to children who fail to learn the socially acceptable behaviours. The mechanisms that lead to deficits in using socially accepted behaviours are strongly intergenerational, based on complex genetic and environmental contributions, including epigenetic mechanisms. Prevention of these deficits requires early, intensive and long-term support to parents and child. Newly discovered epigenetic mechanisms suggest that intensive perinatal interventions will have impacts on numerous aspects of physical and mental health, including DB. This review also concludes that: a) subtypes of disruptive behaviours should not be aggregated because they have different developmental trajectories and require specific corrective interventions; b) the overt–covert and destructive–nondestructive dimensions appear the most useful to create DB subtypes; c) overt DB onset before covert DB because the latter require more brain maturation; d) DB subtype taxonomies are more useful for clinicians than developmental taxonomies because the latter are post mortem diagnoses and clinicians' retrospective information is unreliable; e) we need large-scale collaborative preventive experimental interventions starting during early pregnancy to advance knowledge on causes and prevention of DB problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02211.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989 [article] Developmental origins of disruptive behaviour problems: the 'original sin'hypothesis, epigenetics and their consequences for prevention [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Richard E. TREMBLAY, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.341-367. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.341-367 Mots-clés : Disruptive-behaviour developmental-origins epigenetics prevention developmental-trajectories aggression opposition stealing vandalism rule-breaking defiance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This paper reviews publications on developmental trajectories of disruptive behaviour (DB) problems (aggression, opposition-defiance, rule breaking, and stealing-vandalism) over the past decade. Prior to these studies two theoretical models had strongly influenced research on DB: social learning and disease onset. According to these developmental perspectives, children learn DB from their environment and onset of the disease is triggered by accumulated exposition to disruptive models in the environment, including the media. Most of the evidence came from studies of school age children and adolescents. Longitudinal studies tracing developmental trajectories of DB from early childhood onwards suggest an inversed developmental process. DB are universal during early childhood. With age, children learn socially acceptable behaviours from interactions with their environment. A 'disease' status is given to children who fail to learn the socially acceptable behaviours. The mechanisms that lead to deficits in using socially accepted behaviours are strongly intergenerational, based on complex genetic and environmental contributions, including epigenetic mechanisms. Prevention of these deficits requires early, intensive and long-term support to parents and child. Newly discovered epigenetic mechanisms suggest that intensive perinatal interventions will have impacts on numerous aspects of physical and mental health, including DB. This review also concludes that: a) subtypes of disruptive behaviours should not be aggregated because they have different developmental trajectories and require specific corrective interventions; b) the overt–covert and destructive–nondestructive dimensions appear the most useful to create DB subtypes; c) overt DB onset before covert DB because the latter require more brain maturation; d) DB subtype taxonomies are more useful for clinicians than developmental taxonomies because the latter are post mortem diagnoses and clinicians' retrospective information is unreliable; e) we need large-scale collaborative preventive experimental interventions starting during early pregnancy to advance knowledge on causes and prevention of DB problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02211.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989

Developmental phenotypes and causal pathways in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: potential targets for early intervention? / Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-4 (April 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.368-389 Titre : Developmental phenotypes and causal pathways in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: potential targets for early intervention? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Jeffrey M. HALPERIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.368-389 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder preschool early-intervention translational development treatment longitudinal-studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early intervention approaches have rarely been implemented for the prevention of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this paper we explore whether such an approach may represent an important new direction for therapeutic innovation. We propose that such an approach is most likely to be of value when grounded in and informed by developmental models of the dynamic, complex and heterogeneous nature of the condition. First, we set out a rationale for early intervention grounded in the science of ADHD viewed through developmental models. Second, we re-examine the concept of disorder-onset from the perspective of developmental trajectories and phenotypes. Third, we examine potential causal pathways to ADHD with regard to originating risk, pathophysiological mediators, environmental moderators and developmental continuities. Finally, we explore the potential value of strategies for identifying young children at risk for ADHD, and implementing interventions in ways that can target these underlying pathogenic processes. The utility of such an approach represents an important area for future research but still requires 'proof of concept'. Therefore prior to widespread clinical implementation, far greater knowledge is required of (i) developmental pathways into ADHD, (ii) the value of identifying neuropsychological mediators of these pathways, and (iii) the extent to which targeting mediating mechanisms will improve treatment outcomes for children with ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02195.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989 [article] Developmental phenotypes and causal pathways in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: potential targets for early intervention? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Jeffrey M. HALPERIN, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.368-389. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.368-389 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder preschool early-intervention translational development treatment longitudinal-studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early intervention approaches have rarely been implemented for the prevention of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this paper we explore whether such an approach may represent an important new direction for therapeutic innovation. We propose that such an approach is most likely to be of value when grounded in and informed by developmental models of the dynamic, complex and heterogeneous nature of the condition. First, we set out a rationale for early intervention grounded in the science of ADHD viewed through developmental models. Second, we re-examine the concept of disorder-onset from the perspective of developmental trajectories and phenotypes. Third, we examine potential causal pathways to ADHD with regard to originating risk, pathophysiological mediators, environmental moderators and developmental continuities. Finally, we explore the potential value of strategies for identifying young children at risk for ADHD, and implementing interventions in ways that can target these underlying pathogenic processes. The utility of such an approach represents an important area for future research but still requires 'proof of concept'. Therefore prior to widespread clinical implementation, far greater knowledge is required of (i) developmental pathways into ADHD, (ii) the value of identifying neuropsychological mediators of these pathways, and (iii) the extent to which targeting mediating mechanisms will improve treatment outcomes for children with ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02195.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989

Research in people with psychosis risk syndrome: a review of the current evidence and future directions / Christoph U. CORRELL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-4 (April 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.390-431 Titre : Research in people with psychosis risk syndrome: a review of the current evidence and future directions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christoph U. CORRELL, Auteur ; Marta HAUSER, Auteur ; Andrea M. AUTHER, Auteur ; Barbara A. CORNBLATT, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.390-431 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Schizophrenia psychosis risk-syndrome prodrome early-recognition early-intervention biomarker DSM-V Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : After decades of research, schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders are still among the most debilitating disorders in medicine. The chronic illness course in most individuals, greater treatment responsiveness during the first episode, progressive gray matter decline during early disease stages, and retrospective accounts of 'prodromal' or early illness signs and symptoms formed the basis for research on the psychosis risk syndrome (PRS), known variably as 'clinical high risk' (CHR), or 'ultra-high risk' (UHR), or 'prodromal'. The pioneering era of research on PRS focused on the development and validation of specific assessment tools and the delineation of high risk criteria. This was followed by the examination of conversion rates in psychosis risk cohorts followed naturalistically, identification of predictors of conversion to psychosis, and investigation of interventions able to abort or delay the development of full psychosis. Despite initially encouraging results concerning the predictive validity of PRS criteria, recent findings of declining conversion rates demonstrate the need for further investigations. Results from intervention studies, mostly involving second-generation antipsychotics and cognitive behavioral therapy, are encouraging, but are currently still insufficient to make treatment recommendations for this early, relatively non-specific illness phase. The next phase of research on PRS, just now beginning, has moved to larger, 'multisite' projects to increase generalizability and to ensure that sufficiently large samples at true risk for psychosis are included. Emphasis in these emerging studies is on: 1) identification of biomarkers for conversion to psychosis; 2) examination of non-antipsychotic, neuroprotective and low-risk pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions; 3) testing of potentially phase-specific interventions; 4) examination of the relationship between treatment response during PRS and prognosis for the course of illness; 5) follow-up of patients who developed schizophrenia despite early interventions and comparison of illness trajectories with patients who did not receive early interventions; 6) characterization of individuals with outcomes other than schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, such as bipolar disorder and remission from PRS, including false positive cases; and 7) assessment of meaningful social and role functioning outcomes. While the research conducted to date has already yielded crucial information, the translation of the concept of a clinically identifiable PRS into clinical practice does not seem justified at this point. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02235.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989 [article] Research in people with psychosis risk syndrome: a review of the current evidence and future directions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christoph U. CORRELL, Auteur ; Marta HAUSER, Auteur ; Andrea M. AUTHER, Auteur ; Barbara A. CORNBLATT, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.390-431. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.390-431 Mots-clés : Schizophrenia psychosis risk-syndrome prodrome early-recognition early-intervention biomarker DSM-V Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : After decades of research, schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders are still among the most debilitating disorders in medicine. The chronic illness course in most individuals, greater treatment responsiveness during the first episode, progressive gray matter decline during early disease stages, and retrospective accounts of 'prodromal' or early illness signs and symptoms formed the basis for research on the psychosis risk syndrome (PRS), known variably as 'clinical high risk' (CHR), or 'ultra-high risk' (UHR), or 'prodromal'. The pioneering era of research on PRS focused on the development and validation of specific assessment tools and the delineation of high risk criteria. This was followed by the examination of conversion rates in psychosis risk cohorts followed naturalistically, identification of predictors of conversion to psychosis, and investigation of interventions able to abort or delay the development of full psychosis. Despite initially encouraging results concerning the predictive validity of PRS criteria, recent findings of declining conversion rates demonstrate the need for further investigations. Results from intervention studies, mostly involving second-generation antipsychotics and cognitive behavioral therapy, are encouraging, but are currently still insufficient to make treatment recommendations for this early, relatively non-specific illness phase. The next phase of research on PRS, just now beginning, has moved to larger, 'multisite' projects to increase generalizability and to ensure that sufficiently large samples at true risk for psychosis are included. Emphasis in these emerging studies is on: 1) identification of biomarkers for conversion to psychosis; 2) examination of non-antipsychotic, neuroprotective and low-risk pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions; 3) testing of potentially phase-specific interventions; 4) examination of the relationship between treatment response during PRS and prognosis for the course of illness; 5) follow-up of patients who developed schizophrenia despite early interventions and comparison of illness trajectories with patients who did not receive early interventions; 6) characterization of individuals with outcomes other than schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, such as bipolar disorder and remission from PRS, including false positive cases; and 7) assessment of meaningful social and role functioning outcomes. While the research conducted to date has already yielded crucial information, the translation of the concept of a clinically identifiable PRS into clinical practice does not seem justified at this point. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02235.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989

The prodrome of autism: early behavioral and biological signs, regression, peri- and post-natal development and genetics / Nurit YIRMIYA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-4 (April 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.432-458 Titre : The prodrome of autism: early behavioral and biological signs, regression, peri- and post-natal development and genetics Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nurit YIRMIYA, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.432-458 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism-spectrum-disorders early-markers genetics brain-development siblings perinatal-development diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is one of the most heritable neurodevelopmental conditions and has an early onset, with symptoms being required to be present in the first 3 years of life in order to meet criteria for the 'core' disorder in the classification systems. As such, the focus on identifying a prodrome over the past 20 years has been on pre-clinical signs or indicators that will be present very early in life, certainly in infancy. A number of novel lines of investigation have been used to this end, including retrospective coding of home videos, prospective population screening and 'high risk' sibling studies; as well as the investigation of pre- and peri-natal, brain developmental and other biological factors. While no single prodromal sign is expected to be present in all cases, a picture is emerging of indicative prodromal signs in infancy and initial studies are being undertaken to attempt to ameliorate early presentation and even 'prevent' emergence of the full syndrome. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02214.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989 [article] The prodrome of autism: early behavioral and biological signs, regression, peri- and post-natal development and genetics [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nurit YIRMIYA, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.432-458. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.432-458 Mots-clés : Autism-spectrum-disorders early-markers genetics brain-development siblings perinatal-development diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is one of the most heritable neurodevelopmental conditions and has an early onset, with symptoms being required to be present in the first 3 years of life in order to meet criteria for the 'core' disorder in the classification systems. As such, the focus on identifying a prodrome over the past 20 years has been on pre-clinical signs or indicators that will be present very early in life, certainly in infancy. A number of novel lines of investigation have been used to this end, including retrospective coding of home videos, prospective population screening and 'high risk' sibling studies; as well as the investigation of pre- and peri-natal, brain developmental and other biological factors. While no single prodromal sign is expected to be present in all cases, a picture is emerging of indicative prodromal signs in infancy and initial studies are being undertaken to attempt to ameliorate early presentation and even 'prevent' emergence of the full syndrome. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02214.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989

Pediatric bipolar disorder: evidence for prodromal states and early markers / Joan L. LUBY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-4 (April 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.459-471 Titre : Pediatric bipolar disorder: evidence for prodromal states and early markers Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joan L. LUBY, Auteur ; Neha NAVSARIA, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.459-471 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Childhood-bipolar-disorder prodromes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Childhood bipolar disorder remains a controversial but increasingly diagnosed disorder that is associated with significant impairment, chronic course and treatment resistance. Therefore, the search for prodromes or early markers of risk for later childhood bipolar disorder may be of great importance for prevention and/or early identification. Methods: Literature searches were conducted to identify reviews, case reports and empirical papers addressing the issue of prodromes of childhood bipolar disorder. Results: A total of 54 articles were found that related to bipolar prodromes, risk factors for later childhood bipolar disorder, childhood risk for adult bipolar disorder, mania manifestations in early childhood, and neuropsychological and biological markers of childhood bipolar disorder. A review of articles suggest (a) childhood bipolar prodromes may be detectable prior to the onset of the disorder, (b) prodromal symptoms may display episodicity during childhood, (c) there is evidence of possible endophenotypic markers such as deficits in executive function, sustained attention, and emotion labeling, (d) there is a potential association with functional, structural, and biochemical alterations evident in brain structures involved in mood regulation, (e) a link between childhood bipolar disorder with early tempermental markers, such as emotional regulation and behavioral disinhibition and (f) there is some early but promising evidence of effective psychotherapeutic preventions. Conclusions: There has been very limited investigation of early prodromes of childhood bipolar disorder. Based on the promising findings of prodromes as well as high-risk states and possible endophenotypic markers, more controlled and targeted investigations into the early markers of bipolar disorder appear warranted and potentially fruitful. Until such longitudinal studies with appropriate controls are conducted, specific markers for bipolar prodromes will remain elusive, although evidence suggests they are manifest in at least some subgroups. The finding of promising psychotherapeutic prevention programs underscores the need to find specific and sensitive markers of bipolar prodromes in childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02210.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989 [article] Pediatric bipolar disorder: evidence for prodromal states and early markers [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joan L. LUBY, Auteur ; Neha NAVSARIA, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.459-471. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.459-471 Mots-clés : Childhood-bipolar-disorder prodromes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Childhood bipolar disorder remains a controversial but increasingly diagnosed disorder that is associated with significant impairment, chronic course and treatment resistance. Therefore, the search for prodromes or early markers of risk for later childhood bipolar disorder may be of great importance for prevention and/or early identification. Methods: Literature searches were conducted to identify reviews, case reports and empirical papers addressing the issue of prodromes of childhood bipolar disorder. Results: A total of 54 articles were found that related to bipolar prodromes, risk factors for later childhood bipolar disorder, childhood risk for adult bipolar disorder, mania manifestations in early childhood, and neuropsychological and biological markers of childhood bipolar disorder. A review of articles suggest (a) childhood bipolar prodromes may be detectable prior to the onset of the disorder, (b) prodromal symptoms may display episodicity during childhood, (c) there is evidence of possible endophenotypic markers such as deficits in executive function, sustained attention, and emotion labeling, (d) there is a potential association with functional, structural, and biochemical alterations evident in brain structures involved in mood regulation, (e) a link between childhood bipolar disorder with early tempermental markers, such as emotional regulation and behavioral disinhibition and (f) there is some early but promising evidence of effective psychotherapeutic preventions. Conclusions: There has been very limited investigation of early prodromes of childhood bipolar disorder. Based on the promising findings of prodromes as well as high-risk states and possible endophenotypic markers, more controlled and targeted investigations into the early markers of bipolar disorder appear warranted and potentially fruitful. Until such longitudinal studies with appropriate controls are conducted, specific markers for bipolar prodromes will remain elusive, although evidence suggests they are manifest in at least some subgroups. The finding of promising psychotherapeutic prevention programs underscores the need to find specific and sensitive markers of bipolar prodromes in childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02210.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989

Prodromal symptoms and atypical affectivity as predictors of major depression in juveniles: implications for prevention / Maria KOVACS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-4 (April 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.472-496 Titre : Prodromal symptoms and atypical affectivity as predictors of major depression in juveniles: implications for prevention Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maria KOVACS, Auteur ; Nestor L. LOPEZ-DURAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.472-496 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Depression developmental-psychopathology emotion-regulation prevention psychophysiology risk-factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Given the long-term morbidity of juvenile-onset major depressive disorder (MDD), it is timely to consider whether more effort should be dedicated to its primary and secondary prevention. Methods: We reviewed studies of prodromal symptoms that may herald a first episode pediatric MDD and considered whether that literature has made an impact on secondary prevention (efforts to prevent progression from symptoms to full disorder). We also reviewed studies of children at familial risk for MDD that addressed atypical affectivity and the regulation of sad, dysphoric affect (mood repair) and related physiological systems, and considered whether research in those areas has made an impact on primary prevention of pediatric MDD (efforts to prevent the disorder). Results: A compelling body of literature indicates that depressive symptoms in youngsters predict subsequent MDD across the juvenile (and early adult) years and that any combination of several symptoms for at least one week is informative in that regard. These findings are echoed in the case selection criteria used by many secondary prevention programs. Convergent findings also indicate that (compared to typical peers) young offspring at familial risk for depression manifest low positive affectivity and compromised mood repair, along with signs of dysfunction in three intertwined physiological systems that contribute to affectivity and mood repair (the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, cerebral hemispheric asymmetry, and cardiac vagal control). While all these affect-related parameters are suitable for case selection and as intervention targets, they have not yet made an impact on primary prevention programs. Conclusions: According to recent meta-analyses, attempts to prevent pediatric depression have not lived up to expectations. Based on our review, possible reasons for this include: (a) the use of case selection criteria that yield samples heterogeneous with regard to whether the symptoms are truly prodromal to an episode of MDD or are trait-like (which could affect response to the intervention), (b) failure to fully capitalize on the broad-ranging literature on vulnerability to pediatric MDD, as evidenced by the infrequent use of family history of depression (a robust index of vulnerability) or combined indices of vulnerability for case selection, and (c) lack of synchrony between dimensions of vulnerability and the content of the prevention program, as indicated by the overwhelming use of cognitive-behavioral interventions, irrespective of subjects' age, developmental readiness, and whether or not they evidenced the relevant cognitive vulnerability. Prevention trials of pediatric MDD could benefit from new approaches to case selection that combine various indices of vulnerability, more effective use of existing findings, and new or modified interventions that are developmentally sensitive. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02230.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989 [article] Prodromal symptoms and atypical affectivity as predictors of major depression in juveniles: implications for prevention [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maria KOVACS, Auteur ; Nestor L. LOPEZ-DURAN, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.472-496. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.472-496 Mots-clés : Depression developmental-psychopathology emotion-regulation prevention psychophysiology risk-factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Given the long-term morbidity of juvenile-onset major depressive disorder (MDD), it is timely to consider whether more effort should be dedicated to its primary and secondary prevention. Methods: We reviewed studies of prodromal symptoms that may herald a first episode pediatric MDD and considered whether that literature has made an impact on secondary prevention (efforts to prevent progression from symptoms to full disorder). We also reviewed studies of children at familial risk for MDD that addressed atypical affectivity and the regulation of sad, dysphoric affect (mood repair) and related physiological systems, and considered whether research in those areas has made an impact on primary prevention of pediatric MDD (efforts to prevent the disorder). Results: A compelling body of literature indicates that depressive symptoms in youngsters predict subsequent MDD across the juvenile (and early adult) years and that any combination of several symptoms for at least one week is informative in that regard. These findings are echoed in the case selection criteria used by many secondary prevention programs. Convergent findings also indicate that (compared to typical peers) young offspring at familial risk for depression manifest low positive affectivity and compromised mood repair, along with signs of dysfunction in three intertwined physiological systems that contribute to affectivity and mood repair (the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, cerebral hemispheric asymmetry, and cardiac vagal control). While all these affect-related parameters are suitable for case selection and as intervention targets, they have not yet made an impact on primary prevention programs. Conclusions: According to recent meta-analyses, attempts to prevent pediatric depression have not lived up to expectations. Based on our review, possible reasons for this include: (a) the use of case selection criteria that yield samples heterogeneous with regard to whether the symptoms are truly prodromal to an episode of MDD or are trait-like (which could affect response to the intervention), (b) failure to fully capitalize on the broad-ranging literature on vulnerability to pediatric MDD, as evidenced by the infrequent use of family history of depression (a robust index of vulnerability) or combined indices of vulnerability for case selection, and (c) lack of synchrony between dimensions of vulnerability and the content of the prevention program, as indicated by the overwhelming use of cognitive-behavioral interventions, irrespective of subjects' age, developmental readiness, and whether or not they evidenced the relevant cognitive vulnerability. Prevention trials of pediatric MDD could benefit from new approaches to case selection that combine various indices of vulnerability, more effective use of existing findings, and new or modified interventions that are developmentally sensitive. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02230.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989

Temperament and the environment in the etiology of childhood anxiety / Kathryn A. DEGNAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-4 (April 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.497-517 Titre : Temperament and the environment in the etiology of childhood anxiety Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kathryn A. DEGNAN, Auteur ; Nathan A. FOX, Auteur ; Alisa N. ALMAS, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.497-517 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety development parenting peer-relationships temperament Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety disorders are prevalent throughout childhood and adolescence. As such, identifying the factors and mechanisms that precede, maintain, or exacerbate anxiety disorders is essential for the development of empirically based prevention and intervention programs. The current review focuses on child temperament (i.e., behavioral inhibition) and the child's environment, including parenting, childcare, and peer relationships, as these factors have been linked to internalizing problems and anxiety diagnoses. Research programs are needed that examine the associations between the environment and anxiety in temperamentally at-risk populations. In order to be successful, early intervention and prevention programs require a more detailed analysis of the interplay between various environmental contexts, both distal and proximal to the child, and the child's temperamental reactivity to novelty and threat. Furthermore, conducting these investigations across multiple levels of analysis in large-scale, longitudinal samples would be an important addition to the literature on the developmental psychopathology of anxiety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02228.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989 [article] Temperament and the environment in the etiology of childhood anxiety [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kathryn A. DEGNAN, Auteur ; Nathan A. FOX, Auteur ; Alisa N. ALMAS, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.497-517. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.497-517 Mots-clés : Anxiety development parenting peer-relationships temperament Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety disorders are prevalent throughout childhood and adolescence. As such, identifying the factors and mechanisms that precede, maintain, or exacerbate anxiety disorders is essential for the development of empirically based prevention and intervention programs. The current review focuses on child temperament (i.e., behavioral inhibition) and the child's environment, including parenting, childcare, and peer relationships, as these factors have been linked to internalizing problems and anxiety diagnoses. Research programs are needed that examine the associations between the environment and anxiety in temperamentally at-risk populations. In order to be successful, early intervention and prevention programs require a more detailed analysis of the interplay between various environmental contexts, both distal and proximal to the child, and the child's temperamental reactivity to novelty and threat. Furthermore, conducting these investigations across multiple levels of analysis in large-scale, longitudinal samples would be an important addition to the literature on the developmental psychopathology of anxiety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02228.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=989

Risk factors and prodromal eating pathology / Eric STICE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-4 (April 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.518-525 Titre : Risk factors and prodromal eating pathology Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eric STICE, Auteur ; Janet NG, Auteur ; Heather SHAW, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.518-525 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Eating-disorder risk-factors prodrome Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prospective studies have identified factors that increase risk for eating pathology onset, including perceived pressure for thinness, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, dietary restraint, and negative affect. Research also suggests that body dissatisfaction and dietary restraint may constitute prodromal stages of the development of eating disorders. Prevention trials indicate that interventions that reduce pressure to be thin, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, and negative affect significantly reduce eating disorder symptoms. Further, there is evidence that selective prevention programs that target young women at elevated risk for eating pathology by virtue of thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, and negative affect produce significant larger intervention effects than do universal programs offered to unselected populations. Thus, research on risk factors and prodromal stages of eating pathology has assisted in the design of efficacious prevention programs and the identification of high-risk individuals to target with these interventions; additional research in this area may lead to even more effective prevention programs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02212.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=990 [article] Risk factors and prodromal eating pathology [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eric STICE, Auteur ; Janet NG, Auteur ; Heather SHAW, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.518-525. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.518-525 Mots-clés : Eating-disorder risk-factors prodrome Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prospective studies have identified factors that increase risk for eating pathology onset, including perceived pressure for thinness, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, dietary restraint, and negative affect. Research also suggests that body dissatisfaction and dietary restraint may constitute prodromal stages of the development of eating disorders. Prevention trials indicate that interventions that reduce pressure to be thin, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, and negative affect significantly reduce eating disorder symptoms. Further, there is evidence that selective prevention programs that target young women at elevated risk for eating pathology by virtue of thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, and negative affect produce significant larger intervention effects than do universal programs offered to unselected populations. Thus, research on risk factors and prodromal stages of eating pathology has assisted in the design of efficacious prevention programs and the identification of high-risk individuals to target with these interventions; additional research in this area may lead to even more effective prevention programs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02212.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=990

Developmental transitions to psychopathology: are there prodromes of substance use disorders? / E. Jane COSTELLO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-4 (April 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.526-532 Titre : Developmental transitions to psychopathology: are there prodromes of substance use disorders? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. Jane COSTELLO, Auteur ; Adrian ANGOLD, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.526-532 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02221.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=990 [article] Developmental transitions to psychopathology: are there prodromes of substance use disorders? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. Jane COSTELLO, Auteur ; Adrian ANGOLD, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.526-532. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-4 (April 2010) . - p.526-532 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02221.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=990