Data-driven identification of subtypes of executive function across typical development, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders / C. J. VAIDYA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.51-61 Titre : Data-driven identification of subtypes of executive function across typical development, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. J. VAIDYA, Auteur ; X. YOU, Auteur ; S. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; F. PEREIRA, Auteur ; M. M. BERL, Auteur ; L. KENWORTHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.51-61 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorders  functional MRI (fMRI)  individual differences  machine learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Impairment of executive function (EF), the goal-directed regulation of thoughts, actions, and emotions, drives negative outcomes and is common across neurodevelopmental disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A primary challenge to its amelioration is heterogeneity in symptom expression within and across disorders. Parsing this heterogeneity is necessary to attain diagnostic precision, a goal of the NIMH Research Domain Criteria Initiative. We aimed to identify transdiagnostic subtypes of EF that span the normal to impaired spectrum and establish their predictive and neurobiological validity. METHODS: Community detection was applied to clinical parent-report measures in 8-14-year-old children with and without ADHD and ASD from two independent cohorts (discovery N = 320; replication N = 692) to identify subgroups with distinct behavioral profiles. Support vector machine (SVM) classification was used to predict subgroup membership of unseen cases. Preliminary neurobiological validation was obtained with existing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data on a subsample (N = 84) by testing hypotheses about sensitivity of EF subgroups versus DSM categories. RESULTS: We observed three transdiagnostic EF subtypes characterized by behavioral profiles that were defined by relative weakness in: (a) flexibility and emotion regulation; (b) inhibition; and (c) working memory, organization, and planning. The same tripartite structure was also present in the typically developing children. SVM trained on the discovery sample and tested on the replication sample classified subgroup membership with 77.0% accuracy. Split-half SVM classification on the combined sample (N = 1,012) yielded 88.9% accuracy (this SVM is available for public use). As hypothesized, frontal-parietal engagement was better distinguished by EF subtype than DSM diagnosis and the subgroup characterized with inflexibility failed to modulate right IPL activation in response to increased executive demands. CONCLUSIONS: The observed transdiagnostic subtypes refine current diagnostic nosology and augment clinical decision-making for personalizing treatment of executive dysfunction in children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13114 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413 [article] Data-driven identification of subtypes of executive function across typical development, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. J. VAIDYA, Auteur ; X. YOU, Auteur ; S. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; F. PEREIRA, Auteur ; M. M. BERL, Auteur ; L. KENWORTHY, Auteur . - p.51-61. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.51-61 Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorders  functional MRI (fMRI)  individual differences  machine learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Impairment of executive function (EF), the goal-directed regulation of thoughts, actions, and emotions, drives negative outcomes and is common across neurodevelopmental disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A primary challenge to its amelioration is heterogeneity in symptom expression within and across disorders. Parsing this heterogeneity is necessary to attain diagnostic precision, a goal of the NIMH Research Domain Criteria Initiative. We aimed to identify transdiagnostic subtypes of EF that span the normal to impaired spectrum and establish their predictive and neurobiological validity. METHODS: Community detection was applied to clinical parent-report measures in 8-14-year-old children with and without ADHD and ASD from two independent cohorts (discovery N = 320; replication N = 692) to identify subgroups with distinct behavioral profiles. Support vector machine (SVM) classification was used to predict subgroup membership of unseen cases. Preliminary neurobiological validation was obtained with existing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data on a subsample (N = 84) by testing hypotheses about sensitivity of EF subgroups versus DSM categories. RESULTS: We observed three transdiagnostic EF subtypes characterized by behavioral profiles that were defined by relative weakness in: (a) flexibility and emotion regulation; (b) inhibition; and (c) working memory, organization, and planning. The same tripartite structure was also present in the typically developing children. SVM trained on the discovery sample and tested on the replication sample classified subgroup membership with 77.0% accuracy. Split-half SVM classification on the combined sample (N = 1,012) yielded 88.9% accuracy (this SVM is available for public use). As hypothesized, frontal-parietal engagement was better distinguished by EF subtype than DSM diagnosis and the subgroup characterized with inflexibility failed to modulate right IPL activation in response to increased executive demands. CONCLUSIONS: The observed transdiagnostic subtypes refine current diagnostic nosology and augment clinical decision-making for personalizing treatment of executive dysfunction in children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13114 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413

Gauging facial feature viewing preference as a stable individual trait in autism spectrum disorder / G. E. REIMANN in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1670-1683 Titre : Gauging facial feature viewing preference as a stable individual trait in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : G. E. REIMANN, Auteur ; C. WALSH, Auteur ; K. D. CSUMITTA, Auteur ; P. MCCLURE, Auteur ; F. PEREIRA, Auteur ; A. MARTIN, Auteur ; M. RAMOT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1670-1683 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Face  Fixation, Ocular  Humans  Motion Pictures  Phenotype  Young Adult  machine learning  social behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Eye tracking provides insights into social processing deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially in conjunction with dynamic, naturalistic free-viewing stimuli. However, the question remains whether gaze characteristics, such as preference for specific facial features, can be considered a stable individual trait, particularly in those with ASD. If so, how much data are needed for consistent estimations? To address these questions, we assessed the stability and robustness of gaze preference for facial features as incremental amounts of movie data were introduced for analysis. We trained an artificial neural network to create an object-based segmentation of naturalistic movie clips (14?s each, 7410 frames total). Thirty-three high-functioning individuals with ASD and 36 age- and IQ-equated typically developing individuals (age range: 12-30?years) viewed 22 Hollywood movie clips, each depicting a social interaction. As we evaluated combinations of one, three, five, eight, and 11 movie clips, gaze dwell times on core facial features became increasingly stable at within-subject, within-group, and between-group levels. Using a number of movie clips deemed sufficient by our analysis, we found that individuals with ASD displayed significantly less face-centered gaze (centralized on the nose; p? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2540 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 [article] Gauging facial feature viewing preference as a stable individual trait in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / G. E. REIMANN, Auteur ; C. WALSH, Auteur ; K. D. CSUMITTA, Auteur ; P. MCCLURE, Auteur ; F. PEREIRA, Auteur ; A. MARTIN, Auteur ; M. RAMOT, Auteur . - p.1670-1683. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1670-1683 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Face  Fixation, Ocular  Humans  Motion Pictures  Phenotype  Young Adult  machine learning  social behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Eye tracking provides insights into social processing deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially in conjunction with dynamic, naturalistic free-viewing stimuli. However, the question remains whether gaze characteristics, such as preference for specific facial features, can be considered a stable individual trait, particularly in those with ASD. If so, how much data are needed for consistent estimations? To address these questions, we assessed the stability and robustness of gaze preference for facial features as incremental amounts of movie data were introduced for analysis. We trained an artificial neural network to create an object-based segmentation of naturalistic movie clips (14?s each, 7410 frames total). Thirty-three high-functioning individuals with ASD and 36 age- and IQ-equated typically developing individuals (age range: 12-30?years) viewed 22 Hollywood movie clips, each depicting a social interaction. As we evaluated combinations of one, three, five, eight, and 11 movie clips, gaze dwell times on core facial features became increasingly stable at within-subject, within-group, and between-group levels. Using a number of movie clips deemed sufficient by our analysis, we found that individuals with ASD displayed significantly less face-centered gaze (centralized on the nose; p? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2540 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449

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