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Dépouillements


Evaluating evidence-based practice in light of the boundedness and proximity of outcomes: Capturing the scope of change / Micheal SANDBANK in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : Evaluating evidence-based practice in light of the boundedness and proximity of outcomes: Capturing the scope of change Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Micheal SANDBANK, Auteur ; J. CHOW, Auteur ; Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur ; Tiffany G. WOYNAROSKI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1536-1542 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/therapy Autistic Disorder/therapy Child Child, Preschool Early Intervention, Educational Evidence-Based Practice Humans Outcome Assessment, Health Care autism children evidence-based practice intervention early outcome assessment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence-based practice (EBP) reviews abound in early childhood autism intervention research. These reviews seek to describe and evaluate the evidence supporting the use of specific educational and clinical practices, but give little attention to evaluating intervention outcomes in terms of the extent to which they reflect change that extends beyond the exact targets and contexts of intervention. We urge consideration of these outcome characteristics, which we refer to as "proximity" and "boundedness," as key criteria in evaluating and describing the scope of change effected by EBPs, and provide an overview and illustration of these concepts as they relate to early childhood autism intervention research. We hope this guidance will assist future researchers in selecting and evaluating intervention outcomes, as well as in making important summative determinations of the evidence base for this population. LAY SUMMARY: Recent reviews have come to somewhat different conclusions regarding the evidence base for interventions geared toward autistic children, perhaps because such reviews vary in the degree to which they consider the types of outcome measures used in past studies testing the effects of treatments. Here, we provide guidance regarding characteristics of outcome measures that research suggests are particularly important to consider when evaluating the extent to which an intervention constitutes "evidence-based practice." En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2527 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1536-1542[article] Evaluating evidence-based practice in light of the boundedness and proximity of outcomes: Capturing the scope of change [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Micheal SANDBANK, Auteur ; J. CHOW, Auteur ; Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur ; Tiffany G. WOYNAROSKI, Auteur . - p.1536-1542.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1536-1542
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/therapy Autistic Disorder/therapy Child Child, Preschool Early Intervention, Educational Evidence-Based Practice Humans Outcome Assessment, Health Care autism children evidence-based practice intervention early outcome assessment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence-based practice (EBP) reviews abound in early childhood autism intervention research. These reviews seek to describe and evaluate the evidence supporting the use of specific educational and clinical practices, but give little attention to evaluating intervention outcomes in terms of the extent to which they reflect change that extends beyond the exact targets and contexts of intervention. We urge consideration of these outcome characteristics, which we refer to as "proximity" and "boundedness," as key criteria in evaluating and describing the scope of change effected by EBPs, and provide an overview and illustration of these concepts as they relate to early childhood autism intervention research. We hope this guidance will assist future researchers in selecting and evaluating intervention outcomes, as well as in making important summative determinations of the evidence base for this population. LAY SUMMARY: Recent reviews have come to somewhat different conclusions regarding the evidence base for interventions geared toward autistic children, perhaps because such reviews vary in the degree to which they consider the types of outcome measures used in past studies testing the effects of treatments. Here, we provide guidance regarding characteristics of outcome measures that research suggests are particularly important to consider when evaluating the extent to which an intervention constitutes "evidence-based practice." En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2527 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Heritability of quantitative autism spectrum traits in adults: A family-based study / S. C. TAYLOR in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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Titre : Heritability of quantitative autism spectrum traits in adults: A family-based study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. C. TAYLOR, Auteur ; S. STEEMAN, Auteur ; B. N. GEHRINGER, Auteur ; H. C. DOW, Auteur ; A. LANGER, Auteur ; E. RAWOT, Auteur ; L. PEREZ, Auteur ; M. GOODMAN, Auteur ; Z. SMERNOFF, Auteur ; M. GREWAL, Auteur ; O. ESHRAGHI, Auteur ; Ashley A. PALLATHRA, Auteur ; C. OKSAS, Auteur ; M. MENDEZ, Auteur ; Ruben C. GUR, Auteur ; D. J. RADER, Auteur ; M. BUCAN, Auteur ; Laura ALMASY, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1543-1553 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics Autistic Disorder Executive Function Humans Phenotype Surveys and Questionnaires adult autism spectrum disorder family studies heritability phenotype quantitative trait Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comprises a multi-dimensional set of quantitative behavioral traits expressed along a continuum in autistic and neurotypical individuals. ASD diagnosis-a dichotomous trait-is known to be highly heritable and has been used as the phenotype for most ASD genetic studies. But less is known about the heritability of autism spectrum quantitative traits, especially in adults, an important prerequisite for gene discovery. We sought to measure the heritability of many autism-relevant quantitative traits in adults high in autism spectrum traits and their extended family members. Among adults high in autism spectrum traits (n = 158) and their extended family members (n = 245), we calculated univariate and bivariate heritability estimates for 19 autism spectrum traits across several behavioral domains. We found nearly all tested autism spectrum quantitative traits to be significantly heritable (h(2) = 0.24-0.79), including overall ASD traits, restricted repetitive behaviors, broader autism phenotype traits, social anxiety, and executive functioning. The degree of shared heritability varied based on method and specificity of the assessment measure. We found high shared heritability for the self-report measures and for most of the informant-report measures, with little shared heritability among performance-based cognition tasks. These findings suggest that many autism spectrum quantitative traits would be good, feasible candidates for future genetics studies, allowing for an increase in the power of autism gene discovery. Our findings suggest that the degree of shared heritability between traits depends on the assessment method (self-report vs. informant-report vs. performance-based tasks), as well as trait-specificity. LAY SUMMARY: We found that the scores from questionnaires and tasks measuring different types of behaviors and abilities related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were heritable (strongly influenced by gene variants passed down through a family) among autistic adults and their family members. These findings mean that these scores can be used in future studies interested in identifying specific genes and gene variants that are associated with different behaviors and abilities related with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2571 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1543-1553[article] Heritability of quantitative autism spectrum traits in adults: A family-based study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. C. TAYLOR, Auteur ; S. STEEMAN, Auteur ; B. N. GEHRINGER, Auteur ; H. C. DOW, Auteur ; A. LANGER, Auteur ; E. RAWOT, Auteur ; L. PEREZ, Auteur ; M. GOODMAN, Auteur ; Z. SMERNOFF, Auteur ; M. GREWAL, Auteur ; O. ESHRAGHI, Auteur ; Ashley A. PALLATHRA, Auteur ; C. OKSAS, Auteur ; M. MENDEZ, Auteur ; Ruben C. GUR, Auteur ; D. J. RADER, Auteur ; M. BUCAN, Auteur ; Laura ALMASY, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur . - p.1543-1553.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1543-1553
Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics Autistic Disorder Executive Function Humans Phenotype Surveys and Questionnaires adult autism spectrum disorder family studies heritability phenotype quantitative trait Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comprises a multi-dimensional set of quantitative behavioral traits expressed along a continuum in autistic and neurotypical individuals. ASD diagnosis-a dichotomous trait-is known to be highly heritable and has been used as the phenotype for most ASD genetic studies. But less is known about the heritability of autism spectrum quantitative traits, especially in adults, an important prerequisite for gene discovery. We sought to measure the heritability of many autism-relevant quantitative traits in adults high in autism spectrum traits and their extended family members. Among adults high in autism spectrum traits (n = 158) and their extended family members (n = 245), we calculated univariate and bivariate heritability estimates for 19 autism spectrum traits across several behavioral domains. We found nearly all tested autism spectrum quantitative traits to be significantly heritable (h(2) = 0.24-0.79), including overall ASD traits, restricted repetitive behaviors, broader autism phenotype traits, social anxiety, and executive functioning. The degree of shared heritability varied based on method and specificity of the assessment measure. We found high shared heritability for the self-report measures and for most of the informant-report measures, with little shared heritability among performance-based cognition tasks. These findings suggest that many autism spectrum quantitative traits would be good, feasible candidates for future genetics studies, allowing for an increase in the power of autism gene discovery. Our findings suggest that the degree of shared heritability between traits depends on the assessment method (self-report vs. informant-report vs. performance-based tasks), as well as trait-specificity. LAY SUMMARY: We found that the scores from questionnaires and tasks measuring different types of behaviors and abilities related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were heritable (strongly influenced by gene variants passed down through a family) among autistic adults and their family members. These findings mean that these scores can be used in future studies interested in identifying specific genes and gene variants that are associated with different behaviors and abilities related with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2571 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Differential effects by sex with Kmt5b loss / R. N. WICKRAMASEKARA in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : Differential effects by sex with Kmt5b loss Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. N. WICKRAMASEKARA, Auteur ; B. ROBERTSON, Auteur ; J. HULEN, Auteur ; J. HALLGREN, Auteur ; H. A. F. STESSMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1554-1571 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Animals Anxiety/genetics Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics Disease Models, Animal Fear Female Grooming Humans Male Mice Mice, Knockout Social Behavior Young Adult genetics genotype-phenotype correlation mouse models Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Lysine methyl transferase 5B (KMT5B) has been recently highlighted as a risk gene in genetic studies of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), specifically, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID); yet, its role in the brain is not known. The goal of this work was to neurodevelopmentally characterize the effect(s) of KMT5B haploinsufficiency using a mouse model. A Kmt5b gene-trap mouse line was obtained from the Knockout Mouse Project. Wild type (WT) and heterozygous (HET) mice were subjected to a comprehensive neurodevelopmental test battery to assess reflexes, motor behavior, learning/memory, social behavior, repetitive movement, and common ASD comorbidities (obsessive compulsion, depression, and anxiety). Given the strong sex bias observed in the ASD patient population, we tested both a male and female cohort of animals and compared differences between genotypes and sexes. HET mice were significantly smaller than WT littermates starting at postnatal day 10 through young adulthood which was correlated with smaller brain size (i.e., microcephaly). This was more severe in males than females. HET male neonates also had delayed eye opening and significantly weaker reflexes than WT littermates. In young adults, significant differences between genotypes relative to anxiety, depression, fear, and extinction learning were observed. Interestingly, several sexually dimorphic differences were noted including increased repetitive grooming behavior in HET females and an increased latency to hot plate response in HET females versus a decreased latency in HET males. LAY SUMMARY: Lysine methyl transferase 5B (KMT5B) has been recently highlighted as a risk gene in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), specifically, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID); yet its role in the brain is not known. Our study indicates that mice lacking one genomic copy of Kmt5b show deficits in neonatal reflexes, sociability, repetitive stress-induced grooming, changes in thermal pain sensing, decreased depression and anxiety, increased fear, slower extinction learning, and lower body weight, length, and brain size. Furthermore, several outcomes differed by sex, perhaps mirroring the sex bias in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2516 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1554-1571[article] Differential effects by sex with Kmt5b loss [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. N. WICKRAMASEKARA, Auteur ; B. ROBERTSON, Auteur ; J. HULEN, Auteur ; J. HALLGREN, Auteur ; H. A. F. STESSMAN, Auteur . - p.1554-1571.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1554-1571
Mots-clés : Adult Animals Anxiety/genetics Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics Disease Models, Animal Fear Female Grooming Humans Male Mice Mice, Knockout Social Behavior Young Adult genetics genotype-phenotype correlation mouse models Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Lysine methyl transferase 5B (KMT5B) has been recently highlighted as a risk gene in genetic studies of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), specifically, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID); yet, its role in the brain is not known. The goal of this work was to neurodevelopmentally characterize the effect(s) of KMT5B haploinsufficiency using a mouse model. A Kmt5b gene-trap mouse line was obtained from the Knockout Mouse Project. Wild type (WT) and heterozygous (HET) mice were subjected to a comprehensive neurodevelopmental test battery to assess reflexes, motor behavior, learning/memory, social behavior, repetitive movement, and common ASD comorbidities (obsessive compulsion, depression, and anxiety). Given the strong sex bias observed in the ASD patient population, we tested both a male and female cohort of animals and compared differences between genotypes and sexes. HET mice were significantly smaller than WT littermates starting at postnatal day 10 through young adulthood which was correlated with smaller brain size (i.e., microcephaly). This was more severe in males than females. HET male neonates also had delayed eye opening and significantly weaker reflexes than WT littermates. In young adults, significant differences between genotypes relative to anxiety, depression, fear, and extinction learning were observed. Interestingly, several sexually dimorphic differences were noted including increased repetitive grooming behavior in HET females and an increased latency to hot plate response in HET females versus a decreased latency in HET males. LAY SUMMARY: Lysine methyl transferase 5B (KMT5B) has been recently highlighted as a risk gene in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), specifically, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID); yet its role in the brain is not known. Our study indicates that mice lacking one genomic copy of Kmt5b show deficits in neonatal reflexes, sociability, repetitive stress-induced grooming, changes in thermal pain sensing, decreased depression and anxiety, increased fear, slower extinction learning, and lower body weight, length, and brain size. Furthermore, several outcomes differed by sex, perhaps mirroring the sex bias in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2516 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Contribution of the right temporoparietal junction and ventromedial prefrontal cortex to theory of mind in autism: A randomized, sham-controlled tDCS study / M. A. SALEHINEJAD in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : Contribution of the right temporoparietal junction and ventromedial prefrontal cortex to theory of mind in autism: A randomized, sham-controlled tDCS study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. A. SALEHINEJAD, Auteur ; N. PAKNIA, Auteur ; A. H. HOSSEINPOUR, Auteur ; F. YAVARI, Auteur ; C. M. VICARIO, Auteur ; M. A. NITSCHE, Auteur ; V. NEJATI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1572-1584 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging/therapy Autistic Disorder Child Humans Pilot Projects Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging Theory of Mind Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation autism spectrum disorder noninvasive brain stimulation temporoparietal junction ventromedial prefrontal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Theory of mind (ToM) is the ability to attribute subjective mental states to oneself and others and is significantly impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A frontal-posterior network of regions including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and temporoparietal junction (TPJ) is involved in ToM. Previous studies show an underactivation of these regions in ASD. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation method for causally investigating brain-behavior relationships via induction of cortical excitability alterations. tDCS, mostly over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, has been increasingly applied for improving behavioral problems in ASD leaving other potentially interesting regions untouched. Here we investigated contribution of the vmPFC and right TPJ in ToM abilities of ASD children via tDCS in a pilot study. Sixteen children with ASD (mean age = 10.7 ±?1.9) underwent three tDCS sessions (1 mA, 20?min) in a randomized, sham-controlled design. Stimulation protocols included: (a) anodal vmPFC tDCS, (b) anodal r-TPJ tDCS, and (c) sham tDCS. ToM abilities were explored during tDCS using the theory of mind test (TOMT). Our results show that activation of the vmPFC with anodal tDCS significantly improved ToM in children with ASD compared with both, r-TPJ tDCS, and sham stimulation. Specifically, precursors of ToM (e.g., emotion recognition, perception, and imitation) and elementary ToM skills (e.g., first-order mental state reasoning) were significantly improved by anodal vmPFC tDCS. Based on these results, the vmPFC could be a potential target region for the reduction of ASD symptoms via noninvasive brain stimulation, which should be examined in larger detail in future studies. LAY SUMMARY: Theory of mind (ToM) is the ability to infer mental states of oneself and others, which is impaired in autism. Brain imaging studies have shown involvement of two brain regions in ToM (ventromedial prefrontal cortex, temporoparietal junction) which are underactivated in autism. We increased activation of these regions via noninvasive brain stimulation in this experiment to see how it would affect ToM abilities in autism. We found that increased activation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex improved ToM abilities in children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2538 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1572-1584[article] Contribution of the right temporoparietal junction and ventromedial prefrontal cortex to theory of mind in autism: A randomized, sham-controlled tDCS study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. A. SALEHINEJAD, Auteur ; N. PAKNIA, Auteur ; A. H. HOSSEINPOUR, Auteur ; F. YAVARI, Auteur ; C. M. VICARIO, Auteur ; M. A. NITSCHE, Auteur ; V. NEJATI, Auteur . - p.1572-1584.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1572-1584
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging/therapy Autistic Disorder Child Humans Pilot Projects Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging Theory of Mind Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation autism spectrum disorder noninvasive brain stimulation temporoparietal junction ventromedial prefrontal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Theory of mind (ToM) is the ability to attribute subjective mental states to oneself and others and is significantly impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A frontal-posterior network of regions including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and temporoparietal junction (TPJ) is involved in ToM. Previous studies show an underactivation of these regions in ASD. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation method for causally investigating brain-behavior relationships via induction of cortical excitability alterations. tDCS, mostly over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, has been increasingly applied for improving behavioral problems in ASD leaving other potentially interesting regions untouched. Here we investigated contribution of the vmPFC and right TPJ in ToM abilities of ASD children via tDCS in a pilot study. Sixteen children with ASD (mean age = 10.7 ±?1.9) underwent three tDCS sessions (1 mA, 20?min) in a randomized, sham-controlled design. Stimulation protocols included: (a) anodal vmPFC tDCS, (b) anodal r-TPJ tDCS, and (c) sham tDCS. ToM abilities were explored during tDCS using the theory of mind test (TOMT). Our results show that activation of the vmPFC with anodal tDCS significantly improved ToM in children with ASD compared with both, r-TPJ tDCS, and sham stimulation. Specifically, precursors of ToM (e.g., emotion recognition, perception, and imitation) and elementary ToM skills (e.g., first-order mental state reasoning) were significantly improved by anodal vmPFC tDCS. Based on these results, the vmPFC could be a potential target region for the reduction of ASD symptoms via noninvasive brain stimulation, which should be examined in larger detail in future studies. LAY SUMMARY: Theory of mind (ToM) is the ability to infer mental states of oneself and others, which is impaired in autism. Brain imaging studies have shown involvement of two brain regions in ToM (ventromedial prefrontal cortex, temporoparietal junction) which are underactivated in autism. We increased activation of these regions via noninvasive brain stimulation in this experiment to see how it would affect ToM abilities in autism. We found that increased activation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex improved ToM abilities in children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2538 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Dysfunction in interpersonal neural synchronization as a mechanism for social impairment in autism spectrum disorder / Laura E. QUIÑONES-CAMACHO in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : Dysfunction in interpersonal neural synchronization as a mechanism for social impairment in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura E. QUIÑONES-CAMACHO, Auteur ; F. A. FISHBURN, Auteur ; Katie BELARDI, Auteur ; D. L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; T. J. HUPPERT, Auteur ; Susan B. PERLMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1585-1596 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Brain Brain Mapping Humans Mentalization Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared Asd Tpj neural synchrony social communication impairment social deficits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been linked to atypical activation of the mentalizing network. This work, however, has been limited by a focus on the brain activity of a single person during computerized social tasks rather than exploring brain activity during in vivo interactions. The current study assessed neural synchronization during a conversation as a mechanism for social impairment in adults with ASD (n = 24) and matched controls (n = 26). Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) data were collected from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and tempoparietal junction (TPJ). Participants self-reported on their social communication and videos of the interaction were coded for utterances and conversational turns. As expected, controls showed more neural synchrony than participants with ASD in the TPJ. Also as expected, controls showed less social communication impairment than participants with ASD. However, participants with ASD did not have fewer utterances compared with control subjects. Overall, less neural synchrony in the TPJ was associated with higher social impairment and marginally fewer utterances. Our findings advance our understanding of social difficulties in ASD by linking them to decreased neural synchronization of the TPJ. LAY SUMMARY: The coordination of brain responses is important for efficient social interactions. The current study explored the coordination of brain responses in neurotypical adults and adults with ASD to investigate if difficulties in social interactions are related to difficulties coordinating brain responses in ASD. We found that participants with ASD had more difficulties coordinating brain responses during a conversation with an interacting partner. Additionally, we found that the level of coordination in brain responses was linked to problems with social communication. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2513 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1585-1596[article] Dysfunction in interpersonal neural synchronization as a mechanism for social impairment in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura E. QUIÑONES-CAMACHO, Auteur ; F. A. FISHBURN, Auteur ; Katie BELARDI, Auteur ; D. L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; T. J. HUPPERT, Auteur ; Susan B. PERLMAN, Auteur . - p.1585-1596.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1585-1596
Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Brain Brain Mapping Humans Mentalization Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared Asd Tpj neural synchrony social communication impairment social deficits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been linked to atypical activation of the mentalizing network. This work, however, has been limited by a focus on the brain activity of a single person during computerized social tasks rather than exploring brain activity during in vivo interactions. The current study assessed neural synchronization during a conversation as a mechanism for social impairment in adults with ASD (n = 24) and matched controls (n = 26). Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) data were collected from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and tempoparietal junction (TPJ). Participants self-reported on their social communication and videos of the interaction were coded for utterances and conversational turns. As expected, controls showed more neural synchrony than participants with ASD in the TPJ. Also as expected, controls showed less social communication impairment than participants with ASD. However, participants with ASD did not have fewer utterances compared with control subjects. Overall, less neural synchrony in the TPJ was associated with higher social impairment and marginally fewer utterances. Our findings advance our understanding of social difficulties in ASD by linking them to decreased neural synchronization of the TPJ. LAY SUMMARY: The coordination of brain responses is important for efficient social interactions. The current study explored the coordination of brain responses in neurotypical adults and adults with ASD to investigate if difficulties in social interactions are related to difficulties coordinating brain responses in ASD. We found that participants with ASD had more difficulties coordinating brain responses during a conversation with an interacting partner. Additionally, we found that the level of coordination in brain responses was linked to problems with social communication. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2513 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Testing the extreme male brain hypothesis: Is autism spectrum disorder associated with a more male-typical brain? / L. VAN EIJK in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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Titre : Testing the extreme male brain hypothesis: Is autism spectrum disorder associated with a more male-typical brain? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. VAN EIJK, Auteur ; B. P. ZIETSCH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1597-1608 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/diagnostic imaging Autistic Disorder Brain/diagnostic imaging Connectome Female Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Sex Characteristics autism spectrum disorder brain diseases magnetic resonance imaging masculinity neuroimaging sex characteristics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is more common in males than females and has been linked to male-typical behavior. Accordingly, the "Extreme Male Brain" hypothesis suggests that ASD is associated with an exaggeratedly male-typical brain. To test this hypothesis, we derived a data-driven measure of individual differences along a male-female dimension based on sex differences in subcortical brain shape (i.e., brain maleness) by training our algorithm on two population samples (Queensland Twin IMaging study and Human Connectome Project; combined N = 2153). We then applied this algorithm to two clinical datasets (Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange I and II; ASD N = 1060; neurotypical controls N = 1166) to obtain a brain maleness score for each individual, representing maleness of their brain on a male-female continuum. Consistent with the Extreme Male Brain hypothesis, we found a higher mean brain maleness score in the ASD group than in controls (d = 0.20 [0.12-0.29]), parallel to higher scores for control males than control females (d = 1.17 [1.05-1.29]). Further, brain maleness was positively associated with autistic symptoms. We tested the possibility this finding was driven by the ASD group's larger brains than controls (d = 0.17 [0.08-0.25]), given that males had larger brains than females (d = 0.96 [0.84-1.07]). Indeed, after adjusting for differences in brain size, the brain maleness difference between the ASD group and controls disappeared, and no association with autistic symptoms remained (after controlling for multiple comparisons), suggesting greater maleness of the autistic brain is driven by brain size. Brain maleness may be influenced by the same factors that influence brain size. LAY SUMMARY: A popular theory proposes that individuals with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) have an "extreme male brain", but this has not been subject to rigorous, direct tests. We developed a measure of individual differences along a male-female dimension and then derived this measure for 1060 individuals with ASD and 1166 neurotypical controls. Individuals with ASD had slightly more male-type brains. However, this difference is accounted for by males and individuals with ASD having relatively larger brains than females and controls, respectively. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2537 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1597-1608[article] Testing the extreme male brain hypothesis: Is autism spectrum disorder associated with a more male-typical brain? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. VAN EIJK, Auteur ; B. P. ZIETSCH, Auteur . - p.1597-1608.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1597-1608
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/diagnostic imaging Autistic Disorder Brain/diagnostic imaging Connectome Female Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Sex Characteristics autism spectrum disorder brain diseases magnetic resonance imaging masculinity neuroimaging sex characteristics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is more common in males than females and has been linked to male-typical behavior. Accordingly, the "Extreme Male Brain" hypothesis suggests that ASD is associated with an exaggeratedly male-typical brain. To test this hypothesis, we derived a data-driven measure of individual differences along a male-female dimension based on sex differences in subcortical brain shape (i.e., brain maleness) by training our algorithm on two population samples (Queensland Twin IMaging study and Human Connectome Project; combined N = 2153). We then applied this algorithm to two clinical datasets (Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange I and II; ASD N = 1060; neurotypical controls N = 1166) to obtain a brain maleness score for each individual, representing maleness of their brain on a male-female continuum. Consistent with the Extreme Male Brain hypothesis, we found a higher mean brain maleness score in the ASD group than in controls (d = 0.20 [0.12-0.29]), parallel to higher scores for control males than control females (d = 1.17 [1.05-1.29]). Further, brain maleness was positively associated with autistic symptoms. We tested the possibility this finding was driven by the ASD group's larger brains than controls (d = 0.17 [0.08-0.25]), given that males had larger brains than females (d = 0.96 [0.84-1.07]). Indeed, after adjusting for differences in brain size, the brain maleness difference between the ASD group and controls disappeared, and no association with autistic symptoms remained (after controlling for multiple comparisons), suggesting greater maleness of the autistic brain is driven by brain size. Brain maleness may be influenced by the same factors that influence brain size. LAY SUMMARY: A popular theory proposes that individuals with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) have an "extreme male brain", but this has not been subject to rigorous, direct tests. We developed a measure of individual differences along a male-female dimension and then derived this measure for 1060 individuals with ASD and 1166 neurotypical controls. Individuals with ASD had slightly more male-type brains. However, this difference is accounted for by males and individuals with ASD having relatively larger brains than females and controls, respectively. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2537 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Decreased homotopic interhemispheric functional connectivity in children with autism spectrum disorder / S. YAO in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : Decreased homotopic interhemispheric functional connectivity in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. YAO, Auteur ; M. ZHOU, Auteur ; Y. ZHANG, Auteur ; F. ZHOU, Auteur ; Q. ZHANG, Auteur ; Z. ZHAO, Auteur ; X. JIANG, Auteur ; X. XU, Auteur ; B. BECKER, Auteur ; K. M. KENDRICK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1609-1620 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging Brain/diagnostic imaging Brain Mapping Child Child, Preschool Corpus Callosum/diagnostic imaging Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Neural Pathways/diagnostic imaging autism spectrum disorder children corpus callosum homotopic interhemispheric functional connectivity resting-state Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While several functional and structural changes occur in large-scale brain networks in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), reduced interhemispheric resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between homotopic regions may be of particular importance as a biomarker. ASD is an early-onset developmental disorder and neural alterations are often age-dependent. Although there is some evidence for homotopic interhemispheric rsFC alterations in language processing regions in ASD children, wider analyses using large data sets have not been performed. The present study, therefore, conducted a voxel-based homotopic interhemispheric rsFC analysis in 146 ASD and 175 typically developing children under-age 10 and examined associations with symptom severity in the autism brain imaging data exchange data sets. Given the role of corpus callosum (CC) in interhemispheric connectivity and reported CC volume changes in ASD we additionally examined whether there were parallel volumetric changes. Results demonstrated decreased homotopic rsFC in ASD children in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and precuneus of the default mode network, the precentral gyrus of the mirror neuron system, and the caudate of the reward system. Homotopic rsFC of the PCC was associated with symptom severity. Furthermore, although no significant CC volume changes were found in ASD children, there was a significant negative correlation between the anterior CC volumes and homotopic rsFC strengths in the caudate. The present study shows that a reduced pattern of homotopic interhemispheric rsFC in ASD adults/adolescents is already present in children of 5-10?years old and further supports their potential use as a general ASD biomarker. LAY SUMMARY: Homotopic interhemispheric functional connectivity plays an important role in synchronizing activity between the two hemispheres and is altered in adults and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In the present study focused on children with ASD, we have observed a similar pattern of decreased homotopic connectivity, suggesting that alterations in homotopic interhemispheric connectivity may occur early in ASD and be a useful general biomarker across ages. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2523 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1609-1620[article] Decreased homotopic interhemispheric functional connectivity in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. YAO, Auteur ; M. ZHOU, Auteur ; Y. ZHANG, Auteur ; F. ZHOU, Auteur ; Q. ZHANG, Auteur ; Z. ZHAO, Auteur ; X. JIANG, Auteur ; X. XU, Auteur ; B. BECKER, Auteur ; K. M. KENDRICK, Auteur . - p.1609-1620.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1609-1620
Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging Brain/diagnostic imaging Brain Mapping Child Child, Preschool Corpus Callosum/diagnostic imaging Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Neural Pathways/diagnostic imaging autism spectrum disorder children corpus callosum homotopic interhemispheric functional connectivity resting-state Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While several functional and structural changes occur in large-scale brain networks in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), reduced interhemispheric resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between homotopic regions may be of particular importance as a biomarker. ASD is an early-onset developmental disorder and neural alterations are often age-dependent. Although there is some evidence for homotopic interhemispheric rsFC alterations in language processing regions in ASD children, wider analyses using large data sets have not been performed. The present study, therefore, conducted a voxel-based homotopic interhemispheric rsFC analysis in 146 ASD and 175 typically developing children under-age 10 and examined associations with symptom severity in the autism brain imaging data exchange data sets. Given the role of corpus callosum (CC) in interhemispheric connectivity and reported CC volume changes in ASD we additionally examined whether there were parallel volumetric changes. Results demonstrated decreased homotopic rsFC in ASD children in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and precuneus of the default mode network, the precentral gyrus of the mirror neuron system, and the caudate of the reward system. Homotopic rsFC of the PCC was associated with symptom severity. Furthermore, although no significant CC volume changes were found in ASD children, there was a significant negative correlation between the anterior CC volumes and homotopic rsFC strengths in the caudate. The present study shows that a reduced pattern of homotopic interhemispheric rsFC in ASD adults/adolescents is already present in children of 5-10?years old and further supports their potential use as a general ASD biomarker. LAY SUMMARY: Homotopic interhemispheric functional connectivity plays an important role in synchronizing activity between the two hemispheres and is altered in adults and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In the present study focused on children with ASD, we have observed a similar pattern of decreased homotopic connectivity, suggesting that alterations in homotopic interhemispheric connectivity may occur early in ASD and be a useful general biomarker across ages. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2523 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Who gains and who loses? Sociodemographic disparities in access to special education services among autistic students / A. STURM in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : Who gains and who loses? Sociodemographic disparities in access to special education services among autistic students Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. STURM, Auteur ; J. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Connie KASARI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1621-1632 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder/therapy Autistic Disorder Child Child, Preschool Education, Special Humans Intellectual Disability Students United States children treatment research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is known about differences in the allocation of special education services to students with autism compared with students with other primary learning differences (e.g., intellectual disability [ID], specific learning disability [SLD]) and the comparative impact of sociodemographic factors on special education service receipt. The present study aimed to compare allocation of services (i.e., quantity and types) between students eligible for special education services under autism, SLD and ID, and to identify differences in sociodemographic predictors (e.g., race, neighborhood income) of service allocation. Data were culled from special education administrative records from a large urban, primarily Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish-serving school district from academic years 2011-2012 to 2016-2017. Participants included N = 76,428 students (N(autism) = 18,151, N(SLD) = 54,001, N(ID) = 4,276) ages 2-18. Results showed that autistic students received, on average, more services than students with SLD. Services received by students served under autism and SLD eligibility were more congruent with areas of need (e.g., language, occupational therapy) relative to students served under ID. Student-level socioeconomic status (free and reduced lunch) was more positively predictive of the number of special education services received than the neighborhood income of the school the student attended. Finally, the most significant racial disparities in service allocation were observed among students served under autism eligibility. The present study demonstrates the critical role of economic resources in the quantity and types of services received, and the desirability of a public education for well-resourced families who are possibly best situated to navigate special education services. LAY SUMMARY: An eligibility of autism in special education confers a significant advantage in the number of services a student receives. Disparity in the quantity of special education services exists among autistic students across many sociodemographic factors. Most notably, greater allocation of services to non-Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish, White American, European American, or Middle Eastern American students and students who do not receive free and reduced lunch. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2517 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1621-1632[article] Who gains and who loses? Sociodemographic disparities in access to special education services among autistic students [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. STURM, Auteur ; J. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Connie KASARI, Auteur . - p.1621-1632.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1621-1632
Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder/therapy Autistic Disorder Child Child, Preschool Education, Special Humans Intellectual Disability Students United States children treatment research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is known about differences in the allocation of special education services to students with autism compared with students with other primary learning differences (e.g., intellectual disability [ID], specific learning disability [SLD]) and the comparative impact of sociodemographic factors on special education service receipt. The present study aimed to compare allocation of services (i.e., quantity and types) between students eligible for special education services under autism, SLD and ID, and to identify differences in sociodemographic predictors (e.g., race, neighborhood income) of service allocation. Data were culled from special education administrative records from a large urban, primarily Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish-serving school district from academic years 2011-2012 to 2016-2017. Participants included N = 76,428 students (N(autism) = 18,151, N(SLD) = 54,001, N(ID) = 4,276) ages 2-18. Results showed that autistic students received, on average, more services than students with SLD. Services received by students served under autism and SLD eligibility were more congruent with areas of need (e.g., language, occupational therapy) relative to students served under ID. Student-level socioeconomic status (free and reduced lunch) was more positively predictive of the number of special education services received than the neighborhood income of the school the student attended. Finally, the most significant racial disparities in service allocation were observed among students served under autism eligibility. The present study demonstrates the critical role of economic resources in the quantity and types of services received, and the desirability of a public education for well-resourced families who are possibly best situated to navigate special education services. LAY SUMMARY: An eligibility of autism in special education confers a significant advantage in the number of services a student receives. Disparity in the quantity of special education services exists among autistic students across many sociodemographic factors. Most notably, greater allocation of services to non-Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish, White American, European American, or Middle Eastern American students and students who do not receive free and reduced lunch. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2517 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Assessing general and autism-relevant quality of life in autistic adults: A psychometric investigation using item response theory / Z. J. WILLIAMS in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : Assessing general and autism-relevant quality of life in autistic adults: A psychometric investigation using item response theory Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Z. J. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; K. O. GOTHAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1633-1644 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Female Humans Male Psychometrics Quality of Life Sexism Surveys and Questionnaires ASQoL autism differential item functioning item response theory measurement invariance quality of life reliability sex differences validity well-being Roche. He also serves on the family advisory committee of the Autism Speaks Autism Treatment Network Vanderbilt site and the autistic researcher review board of the Autism Intervention Research Network on Physical Health (AIR-P). Katherine Gotham has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although many interventions and services for autistic people have the ultimate goal of improving quality of life (QoL), there is relatively little research on how best to assess this construct in the autistic population, and existing scales designed for non-autistic individuals may not assess all meaningful facets of QoL in the autistic population. To address this need, the autism spectrum QoL form (ASQoL) was recently developed as a measure of the autism-relevant quality of life. However, the psychometrics of the ASQoL have not been examined beyond the authors' initial validation study, and important properties such as measurement invariance/differential item functioning (DIF) have not yet been tested. Using data from 700 autistic adults recruited from the Simons Foundation's SPARK cohort, the current study sought to perform a comprehensive independent psychometric evaluation of the ASQoL using item response theory, comparing its performance to a newly-proposed brief measure of general QoL (the WHOQOL-4). Our models revealed substantial DIF by sex and gender in the ASQoL, which caused ASQoL scores to grossly underestimate the self-reported QoL of autistic women. Based on a comparison of latent variable means, we demonstrated that observed sex/gender differences in manifest ASQoL scores were the result of statistical artifacts, a claim that was further supported by the lack of significant group differences on the sex/gender-invariant WHOQOL-4. Our findings indicate that the ASQoL composite score is psychometrically problematic in its current form, and substantial revisions may be necessary before valid and meaningful inferences can be made regarding autism-relevant aspects of QoL. LAY SUMMARY: Quality of life (QoL) is an extremely important outcome for autistic people, but many of the tools that are used to measure it does not take into account how QoL may be different for autistic people. Using data from 700 autistic adults, we examined the measurement properties of the autism spectrum quality of life form (ASQoL), a new measure of QoL designed specifically for autistic people. Our results indicate that the ASQoL shows a pronounced sex/gender bias, which causes it to underestimate QoL in autistic women. This bias needs to be eliminated before the ASQoL can be successfully used to measure QoL in the autistic population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2519 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1633-1644[article] Assessing general and autism-relevant quality of life in autistic adults: A psychometric investigation using item response theory [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Z. J. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; K. O. GOTHAM, Auteur . - p.1633-1644.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1633-1644
Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Female Humans Male Psychometrics Quality of Life Sexism Surveys and Questionnaires ASQoL autism differential item functioning item response theory measurement invariance quality of life reliability sex differences validity well-being Roche. He also serves on the family advisory committee of the Autism Speaks Autism Treatment Network Vanderbilt site and the autistic researcher review board of the Autism Intervention Research Network on Physical Health (AIR-P). Katherine Gotham has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although many interventions and services for autistic people have the ultimate goal of improving quality of life (QoL), there is relatively little research on how best to assess this construct in the autistic population, and existing scales designed for non-autistic individuals may not assess all meaningful facets of QoL in the autistic population. To address this need, the autism spectrum QoL form (ASQoL) was recently developed as a measure of the autism-relevant quality of life. However, the psychometrics of the ASQoL have not been examined beyond the authors' initial validation study, and important properties such as measurement invariance/differential item functioning (DIF) have not yet been tested. Using data from 700 autistic adults recruited from the Simons Foundation's SPARK cohort, the current study sought to perform a comprehensive independent psychometric evaluation of the ASQoL using item response theory, comparing its performance to a newly-proposed brief measure of general QoL (the WHOQOL-4). Our models revealed substantial DIF by sex and gender in the ASQoL, which caused ASQoL scores to grossly underestimate the self-reported QoL of autistic women. Based on a comparison of latent variable means, we demonstrated that observed sex/gender differences in manifest ASQoL scores were the result of statistical artifacts, a claim that was further supported by the lack of significant group differences on the sex/gender-invariant WHOQOL-4. Our findings indicate that the ASQoL composite score is psychometrically problematic in its current form, and substantial revisions may be necessary before valid and meaningful inferences can be made regarding autism-relevant aspects of QoL. LAY SUMMARY: Quality of life (QoL) is an extremely important outcome for autistic people, but many of the tools that are used to measure it does not take into account how QoL may be different for autistic people. Using data from 700 autistic adults, we examined the measurement properties of the autism spectrum quality of life form (ASQoL), a new measure of QoL designed specifically for autistic people. Our results indicate that the ASQoL shows a pronounced sex/gender bias, which causes it to underestimate QoL in autistic women. This bias needs to be eliminated before the ASQoL can be successfully used to measure QoL in the autistic population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2519 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 The relationship between sensory reactivity differences and mental health symptoms in preschool-age autistic children / T. ROSSOW in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : The relationship between sensory reactivity differences and mental health symptoms in preschool-age autistic children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : T. ROSSOW, Auteur ; K. MACLENNAN, Auteur ; Teresa TAVASSOLI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1645-1657 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety Disorders Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications Autistic Disorder/complications Child Child, Preschool Cognition Humans Mental Health autism children mental health psychopathology sensory reactivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is growing evidence for an association between sensory reactivity and mental health in autism. This study set out to explore the relationship between sensory reactivity and mental health in preschool-aged autistic children. In total 54 preschool-aged children with an Autism Spectrum Condition took part. Sensory and mental health symptoms were obtained from the Sensory Processing Scale Inventory, Sensory Assessment of Neurodevelopmental Differences and the Behavioral Assessment System for Children-3. Correlational analyses showed a relationship between sensory reactivity and mental health symptoms in autistic preschool-aged children. Results also indicate divergence in sensory-mental health profiles between autistic preschool-aged children who are verbal and those who use few to no words. For the first time this study has revealed a relationship between sensory hyper-reactivity, as well as sensory seeking, and mental health symptoms outside of anxiety in autism. Of note, this relationship between sensory hyper-reactivity and internalizing symptoms appears to be driven by those with few to no words. This has implications for both research and clinical interventions, in particular for our understanding of the factors underlying mental health symptoms in different autistic phenotypes, as well as the possible role of functional communication in mitigating the development of mental health symptoms. LAY SUMMARY: The present study found that in autistic preschoolers, externalizing mental health symptoms, such as hyperactivity, are related to sensory seeking (seeking out or being fascinated with sensory stimuli), and internalizing mental health symptoms, such as depression, are related to sensory hyper-reactivity (sensitivity to sensory stimuli). Our results also show that whilst the relationships between externalizing symptoms and sensory seeking is seen across participants, the relationship between internalizing symptoms and sensory hyper-reactivity was only seen in autistic preschoolers who used few to no words. This has important implications for the assessment of sensory differences as part of more rigorous mental health assessments, especially in autistic people who use few to no words. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2525 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1645-1657[article] The relationship between sensory reactivity differences and mental health symptoms in preschool-age autistic children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / T. ROSSOW, Auteur ; K. MACLENNAN, Auteur ; Teresa TAVASSOLI, Auteur . - p.1645-1657.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1645-1657
Mots-clés : Anxiety Disorders Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications Autistic Disorder/complications Child Child, Preschool Cognition Humans Mental Health autism children mental health psychopathology sensory reactivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is growing evidence for an association between sensory reactivity and mental health in autism. This study set out to explore the relationship between sensory reactivity and mental health in preschool-aged autistic children. In total 54 preschool-aged children with an Autism Spectrum Condition took part. Sensory and mental health symptoms were obtained from the Sensory Processing Scale Inventory, Sensory Assessment of Neurodevelopmental Differences and the Behavioral Assessment System for Children-3. Correlational analyses showed a relationship between sensory reactivity and mental health symptoms in autistic preschool-aged children. Results also indicate divergence in sensory-mental health profiles between autistic preschool-aged children who are verbal and those who use few to no words. For the first time this study has revealed a relationship between sensory hyper-reactivity, as well as sensory seeking, and mental health symptoms outside of anxiety in autism. Of note, this relationship between sensory hyper-reactivity and internalizing symptoms appears to be driven by those with few to no words. This has implications for both research and clinical interventions, in particular for our understanding of the factors underlying mental health symptoms in different autistic phenotypes, as well as the possible role of functional communication in mitigating the development of mental health symptoms. LAY SUMMARY: The present study found that in autistic preschoolers, externalizing mental health symptoms, such as hyperactivity, are related to sensory seeking (seeking out or being fascinated with sensory stimuli), and internalizing mental health symptoms, such as depression, are related to sensory hyper-reactivity (sensitivity to sensory stimuli). Our results also show that whilst the relationships between externalizing symptoms and sensory seeking is seen across participants, the relationship between internalizing symptoms and sensory hyper-reactivity was only seen in autistic preschoolers who used few to no words. This has important implications for the assessment of sensory differences as part of more rigorous mental health assessments, especially in autistic people who use few to no words. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2525 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 A granular perspective on inclusion: Objectively measured interactions of preschoolers with and without autism / R. M. FASANO in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : A granular perspective on inclusion: Objectively measured interactions of preschoolers with and without autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. M. FASANO, Auteur ; L. K. PERRY, Auteur ; Y. ZHANG, Auteur ; L. VITALE, Auteur ; J. WANG, Auteur ; C. SONG, Auteur ; D. S. MESSINGER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1658-1669 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aptitude Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Child Child, Preschool Female Humans Language Language Development developmental disabilities language development objective measurement peer interactions social networks Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children's preschool experiences have consequences for development. However, it is not clear how children's real-time interactions with peers affect their language development; nor is it clear whether these processes differ between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and two other groups of children, those with general developmental delays (DD) and typically developing (TD) children. We used objective measures of movement and vocalizations to quantify children's real-time dyadic vocal interactions and quantify classroom social networks. Participants included 56 preschoolers (22 female; M?= 50.14?months) in five inclusive classrooms for children with ASD or DD and their TD peers. Each class was observed monthly on two to five occasions. Overall, children vocalized more to peers who had vocalized more to them in the previous observation. These dyadic vocalization patterns were associated with group differences in social network analyses. Modularity, the cohesiveness of group ties, was lower among children with ASD than it was among TD children or children with DD. Individually, children with ASD exhibited lower total levels of vocalizations with peers (lower degree centrality) than TD children and children with DD. In an exploratory analysis with a subset of the participants, children's degree centrality was strongly associated with their end-of-year assessed language abilities, even when accounting for mean differences between groups. Findings highlight the impact peers and social networks play in real-time language use and in the developing language abilities of children with ASD in inclusion classrooms. LAY SUMMARY: This study objectively measured associations between children's peer vocal interactions and assessed language abilities in inclusion classrooms for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their peers. All children benefited from peers talking to them, but children with ASD were less central to classroom speech networks than were typically developing children. Children's centrality to social speech networks, regardless of ASD status, was associated with assessed language abilities. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2526 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1658-1669[article] A granular perspective on inclusion: Objectively measured interactions of preschoolers with and without autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. M. FASANO, Auteur ; L. K. PERRY, Auteur ; Y. ZHANG, Auteur ; L. VITALE, Auteur ; J. WANG, Auteur ; C. SONG, Auteur ; D. S. MESSINGER, Auteur . - p.1658-1669.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1658-1669
Mots-clés : Aptitude Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Child Child, Preschool Female Humans Language Language Development developmental disabilities language development objective measurement peer interactions social networks Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children's preschool experiences have consequences for development. However, it is not clear how children's real-time interactions with peers affect their language development; nor is it clear whether these processes differ between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and two other groups of children, those with general developmental delays (DD) and typically developing (TD) children. We used objective measures of movement and vocalizations to quantify children's real-time dyadic vocal interactions and quantify classroom social networks. Participants included 56 preschoolers (22 female; M?= 50.14?months) in five inclusive classrooms for children with ASD or DD and their TD peers. Each class was observed monthly on two to five occasions. Overall, children vocalized more to peers who had vocalized more to them in the previous observation. These dyadic vocalization patterns were associated with group differences in social network analyses. Modularity, the cohesiveness of group ties, was lower among children with ASD than it was among TD children or children with DD. Individually, children with ASD exhibited lower total levels of vocalizations with peers (lower degree centrality) than TD children and children with DD. In an exploratory analysis with a subset of the participants, children's degree centrality was strongly associated with their end-of-year assessed language abilities, even when accounting for mean differences between groups. Findings highlight the impact peers and social networks play in real-time language use and in the developing language abilities of children with ASD in inclusion classrooms. LAY SUMMARY: This study objectively measured associations between children's peer vocal interactions and assessed language abilities in inclusion classrooms for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their peers. All children benefited from peers talking to them, but children with ASD were less central to classroom speech networks than were typically developing children. Children's centrality to social speech networks, regardless of ASD status, was associated with assessed language abilities. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2526 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Gauging facial feature viewing preference as a stable individual trait in autism spectrum disorder / G. E. REIMANN in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : Gauging facial feature viewing preference as a stable individual trait in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : G. E. REIMANN, Auteur ; C. WALSH, Auteur ; K. D. CSUMITTA, Auteur ; P. MCCLURE, Auteur ; F. PEREIRA, Auteur ; A. MARTIN, Auteur ; M. RAMOT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1670-1683 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Child Face Fixation, Ocular Humans Motion Pictures Phenotype Young Adult machine learning social behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Eye tracking provides insights into social processing deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially in conjunction with dynamic, naturalistic free-viewing stimuli. However, the question remains whether gaze characteristics, such as preference for specific facial features, can be considered a stable individual trait, particularly in those with ASD. If so, how much data are needed for consistent estimations? To address these questions, we assessed the stability and robustness of gaze preference for facial features as incremental amounts of movie data were introduced for analysis. We trained an artificial neural network to create an object-based segmentation of naturalistic movie clips (14?s each, 7410 frames total). Thirty-three high-functioning individuals with ASD and 36 age- and IQ-equated typically developing individuals (age range: 12-30?years) viewed 22 Hollywood movie clips, each depicting a social interaction. As we evaluated combinations of one, three, five, eight, and 11 movie clips, gaze dwell times on core facial features became increasingly stable at within-subject, within-group, and between-group levels. Using a number of movie clips deemed sufficient by our analysis, we found that individuals with ASD displayed significantly less face-centered gaze (centralized on the nose; p?0.001) but did not significantly differ from typically developing participants in eye or mouth looking times. Our findings validate gaze preference for specific facial features as a stable individual trait and highlight the possibility of misinterpretation with insufficient data. Additionally, we propose the use of a machine learning approach to stimuli segmentation to quickly and flexibly prepare dynamic stimuli for analysis. LAY SUMMARY: Using a data-driven approach to segmenting movie stimuli, we examined varying amounts of data to assess the stability of social gaze in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We found a reduction in social fixations in participants with ASD, driven by decreased attention to the center of the face. Our findings further support the validity of gaze preference for face features as a stable individual trait when sufficient data are used. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2540 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1670-1683[article] Gauging facial feature viewing preference as a stable individual trait in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / G. E. REIMANN, Auteur ; C. WALSH, Auteur ; K. D. CSUMITTA, Auteur ; P. MCCLURE, Auteur ; F. PEREIRA, Auteur ; A. MARTIN, Auteur ; M. RAMOT, Auteur . - p.1670-1683.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1670-1683
Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Child Face Fixation, Ocular Humans Motion Pictures Phenotype Young Adult machine learning social behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Eye tracking provides insights into social processing deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially in conjunction with dynamic, naturalistic free-viewing stimuli. However, the question remains whether gaze characteristics, such as preference for specific facial features, can be considered a stable individual trait, particularly in those with ASD. If so, how much data are needed for consistent estimations? To address these questions, we assessed the stability and robustness of gaze preference for facial features as incremental amounts of movie data were introduced for analysis. We trained an artificial neural network to create an object-based segmentation of naturalistic movie clips (14?s each, 7410 frames total). Thirty-three high-functioning individuals with ASD and 36 age- and IQ-equated typically developing individuals (age range: 12-30?years) viewed 22 Hollywood movie clips, each depicting a social interaction. As we evaluated combinations of one, three, five, eight, and 11 movie clips, gaze dwell times on core facial features became increasingly stable at within-subject, within-group, and between-group levels. Using a number of movie clips deemed sufficient by our analysis, we found that individuals with ASD displayed significantly less face-centered gaze (centralized on the nose; p?0.001) but did not significantly differ from typically developing participants in eye or mouth looking times. Our findings validate gaze preference for specific facial features as a stable individual trait and highlight the possibility of misinterpretation with insufficient data. Additionally, we propose the use of a machine learning approach to stimuli segmentation to quickly and flexibly prepare dynamic stimuli for analysis. LAY SUMMARY: Using a data-driven approach to segmenting movie stimuli, we examined varying amounts of data to assess the stability of social gaze in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We found a reduction in social fixations in participants with ASD, driven by decreased attention to the center of the face. Our findings further support the validity of gaze preference for face features as a stable individual trait when sufficient data are used. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2540 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Autistic traits are associated with faster pace of aging: Evidence from the Dunedin study at age 45 / D. MASON in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : Autistic traits are associated with faster pace of aging: Evidence from the Dunedin study at age 45 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. MASON, Auteur ; A. RONALD, Auteur ; A. AMBLER, Auteur ; Avshalom CASPI, Auteur ; R. HOUTS, Auteur ; R. POULTON, Auteur ; S. RAMRAKHA, Auteur ; J. WERTZ, Auteur ; T. E. MOFFITT, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1684-1694 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Aging Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Humans Middle Aged Surveys and Questionnaires aging autistic traits intelligence physical health socioeconomic status Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Growing evidence indicates that the defining characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are distributed throughout the general population; hence, understanding the correlates of aging in people with high autistic traits could shed light on ASD and aging. 915 members of the Dunedin longitudinal birth cohort completed a measure of autistic traits at age 45. A composite measure of the "pace of aging" was derived by tracking the decline in 19 biomarkers across ages 26, 32, 38, and 45?years. Facial age was also assessed. Reports of perceived health were collected from participants themselves, informants, and interviewers. Higher self-reported autistic traits significantly correlated with a faster pace of aging, older facial age, and poorer self-, informant-, and interviewer-rated health. After control for sex, SES and IQ, autistic traits were significantly associated with each variable: pace of aging (? = 0.09), facial age (? = 0.08), self- (? = -0.15), informant (? = -0.12), and interviewer-rated (? = -0.17) health. Autistic traits measured at age 45 are associated with faster aging. Participants with high autistic traits appear to be more vulnerable to poor health outcomes, as previously reported for those clinically diagnosed with ASD. Therefore, autistic traits may have important health implications. Replicating these findings in samples of autistic people is needed to identify the mechanism of their effect on aging and physical health to improve outcomes for those with ASD diagnoses or high autistic traits. LAY SUMMARY: The role that autistic traits have in relation to health outcomes has not been investigated. We looked at how physical health and aging (measured with self-reported questions and decline in multiple biological measures) were related to autistic traits (measured with a questionnaire, at age 45). We found that higher autistic traits were associated with poorer reports of physical health, and a faster pace of aging. This suggests that both those with autism and those with higher autistic traits may be more likely to experience poorer health outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2534 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1684-1694[article] Autistic traits are associated with faster pace of aging: Evidence from the Dunedin study at age 45 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. MASON, Auteur ; A. RONALD, Auteur ; A. AMBLER, Auteur ; Avshalom CASPI, Auteur ; R. HOUTS, Auteur ; R. POULTON, Auteur ; S. RAMRAKHA, Auteur ; J. WERTZ, Auteur ; T. E. MOFFITT, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - p.1684-1694.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1684-1694
Mots-clés : Adult Aging Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Humans Middle Aged Surveys and Questionnaires aging autistic traits intelligence physical health socioeconomic status Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Growing evidence indicates that the defining characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are distributed throughout the general population; hence, understanding the correlates of aging in people with high autistic traits could shed light on ASD and aging. 915 members of the Dunedin longitudinal birth cohort completed a measure of autistic traits at age 45. A composite measure of the "pace of aging" was derived by tracking the decline in 19 biomarkers across ages 26, 32, 38, and 45?years. Facial age was also assessed. Reports of perceived health were collected from participants themselves, informants, and interviewers. Higher self-reported autistic traits significantly correlated with a faster pace of aging, older facial age, and poorer self-, informant-, and interviewer-rated health. After control for sex, SES and IQ, autistic traits were significantly associated with each variable: pace of aging (? = 0.09), facial age (? = 0.08), self- (? = -0.15), informant (? = -0.12), and interviewer-rated (? = -0.17) health. Autistic traits measured at age 45 are associated with faster aging. Participants with high autistic traits appear to be more vulnerable to poor health outcomes, as previously reported for those clinically diagnosed with ASD. Therefore, autistic traits may have important health implications. Replicating these findings in samples of autistic people is needed to identify the mechanism of their effect on aging and physical health to improve outcomes for those with ASD diagnoses or high autistic traits. LAY SUMMARY: The role that autistic traits have in relation to health outcomes has not been investigated. We looked at how physical health and aging (measured with self-reported questions and decline in multiple biological measures) were related to autistic traits (measured with a questionnaire, at age 45). We found that higher autistic traits were associated with poorer reports of physical health, and a faster pace of aging. This suggests that both those with autism and those with higher autistic traits may be more likely to experience poorer health outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2534 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 The cognitive benefits of bilingualism in autism spectrum disorder: Is theory of mind boosted and by which underlying factors? / E. PERISTERI in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : The cognitive benefits of bilingualism in autism spectrum disorder: Is theory of mind boosted and by which underlying factors? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. PERISTERI, Auteur ; Eleni BALDIMTSI, Auteur ; M. VOGELZANG, Auteur ; I. M. TSIMPLI, Auteur ; S. DURRLEMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1695-1709 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Child Cognition Humans Language Multilingualism Theory of Mind bilingualism executive functions language Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined whether bilingualism boosts Theory of Mind as measured by a non-verbal false belief (FB) task in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and how this potential boost may stem from improvements in a variety of other domains, namely executive functions (EFs), language, metalinguistic awareness skills, as well as autism severity. One hundred and three children with ASD (7- to 15-year-olds) (43 bilingual and 60 age- and IQ-matched monolingual children) were tested on a nonverbal task of attentional switching, working memory and updating task, and an online, low-verbal first-order FB task. Results showed a clear FB benefit for bilingual children with ASD as compared with their monolingual peers. There were also boosts in EF, however, there is no evidence that these EF boosts drove the FB advantage. Enhanced FB was not explained either by language, metalinguistic skills, or lower autism severity. While the results do not conclusively settle the debate on what triggers the ToM advantage in bilingual children with ASD, the empirical picture of the current study suggests that the ToM component of FB understanding in bilingual children with ASD is enhanced by the bilingual experience per se. LAY SUMMARY: The current study aimed to determine if and how bilingualism may improve the ability to understand others' beliefs in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We assessed their belief reasoning alongside a series of other skills hypothesized to be beneficial for such reasoning, namely understanding, producing, and thinking about language, recalling and switching between information, and the severity of their autistic symptoms. The overall findings highlight advantages for bilingual children with ASD over their monolingual peers for grasping beliefs, thus suggesting that pursuing bilingualism may be beneficial for cognition in ASD. Other boosts were also associated with bilingualism, such as recalling and switching between information, but these boosts were not directly related to belief understanding, highlighting the beneficial role of bilingualism per se. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2542 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1695-1709[article] The cognitive benefits of bilingualism in autism spectrum disorder: Is theory of mind boosted and by which underlying factors? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. PERISTERI, Auteur ; Eleni BALDIMTSI, Auteur ; M. VOGELZANG, Auteur ; I. M. TSIMPLI, Auteur ; S. DURRLEMAN, Auteur . - p.1695-1709.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1695-1709
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Child Cognition Humans Language Multilingualism Theory of Mind bilingualism executive functions language Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined whether bilingualism boosts Theory of Mind as measured by a non-verbal false belief (FB) task in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and how this potential boost may stem from improvements in a variety of other domains, namely executive functions (EFs), language, metalinguistic awareness skills, as well as autism severity. One hundred and three children with ASD (7- to 15-year-olds) (43 bilingual and 60 age- and IQ-matched monolingual children) were tested on a nonverbal task of attentional switching, working memory and updating task, and an online, low-verbal first-order FB task. Results showed a clear FB benefit for bilingual children with ASD as compared with their monolingual peers. There were also boosts in EF, however, there is no evidence that these EF boosts drove the FB advantage. Enhanced FB was not explained either by language, metalinguistic skills, or lower autism severity. While the results do not conclusively settle the debate on what triggers the ToM advantage in bilingual children with ASD, the empirical picture of the current study suggests that the ToM component of FB understanding in bilingual children with ASD is enhanced by the bilingual experience per se. LAY SUMMARY: The current study aimed to determine if and how bilingualism may improve the ability to understand others' beliefs in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We assessed their belief reasoning alongside a series of other skills hypothesized to be beneficial for such reasoning, namely understanding, producing, and thinking about language, recalling and switching between information, and the severity of their autistic symptoms. The overall findings highlight advantages for bilingual children with ASD over their monolingual peers for grasping beliefs, thus suggesting that pursuing bilingualism may be beneficial for cognition in ASD. Other boosts were also associated with bilingualism, such as recalling and switching between information, but these boosts were not directly related to belief understanding, highlighting the beneficial role of bilingualism per se. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2542 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Cataloguing and characterizing interests in typically developing toddlers and toddlers who develop ASD / Catherine A. BURROWS in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : Cataloguing and characterizing interests in typically developing toddlers and toddlers who develop ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine A. BURROWS, Auteur ; James W. BODFISH, Auteur ; J. J. WOLFF, Auteur ; E. P. VOLLMAN, Auteur ; Melody R. ALTSCHULER, Auteur ; Kelly N. BOTTERON, Auteur ; Stephen R. DAGER, Auteur ; A. M. ESTES, Auteur ; Heather C. HAZLETT, Auteur ; J. R. PRUETT, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; J. PIVEN, Auteur ; J. T. ELISON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1710-1723 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Child, Preschool Family Humans Infant Male Phenotype Risk Siblings attention intense interests problem behavior restricted interests toddlers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Intense interests are common in children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and little research has characterized aspects of interests that are unique to or shared among children with and without ASD. We aimed to characterize interests in a sample of infants at high-familial-risk (HR) and low-familial-risk (LR) for ASD using a novel interview. Participants included HR siblings who were diagnosed with ASD at 24?months (HR-ASD, n = 56), HR siblings who did not receive an ASD diagnosis at 24?months (HR-Neg, n = 187), and a LR comparison group (n = 109). We developed and collected data with the Intense Interests Inventory at 18- and 24-months of age, a semi-structured interview that measures intensity and peculiarity of interests in toddlers and preschool-aged children. Intensity of interests differed by familial risk at 24?months, with HR-ASD and HR-Neg groups demonstrating equivalent intensity of interests that were higher than the LR group. By contrast, peculiarity of interest differed by ASD diagnosis, with the HR-ASD group showing more peculiar interests than the HR-Neg and LR groups at 24?months. At 18?months the HR-ASD group had more peculiar interests than the LR group, though no differences emerged in intensity of interests. This measure may be useful in identifying clinically-relevant features of interests in young children with ASD. We also replicated previous findings of males showing more intense interests at 18?months in our non-ASD sample. These results reveal new information about the nature of interests and preoccupations in the early autism phenotype. LAY SUMMARY: Intense interests are common in young children with autism and their family members. Intense interests are also prevalent among typically-developing children, and especially boys. Here we catalog interests and features of these interests in a large sample of toddlers enriched for autism risk. Children who had family members with autism had more intense interests, and those who developed autism themselves had more unusual interests at 24?months. These results highlight the importance of different aspects of interest in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2543 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1710-1723[article] Cataloguing and characterizing interests in typically developing toddlers and toddlers who develop ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine A. BURROWS, Auteur ; James W. BODFISH, Auteur ; J. J. WOLFF, Auteur ; E. P. VOLLMAN, Auteur ; Melody R. ALTSCHULER, Auteur ; Kelly N. BOTTERON, Auteur ; Stephen R. DAGER, Auteur ; A. M. ESTES, Auteur ; Heather C. HAZLETT, Auteur ; J. R. PRUETT, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; J. PIVEN, Auteur ; J. T. ELISON, Auteur . - p.1710-1723.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1710-1723
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Child, Preschool Family Humans Infant Male Phenotype Risk Siblings attention intense interests problem behavior restricted interests toddlers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Intense interests are common in children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and little research has characterized aspects of interests that are unique to or shared among children with and without ASD. We aimed to characterize interests in a sample of infants at high-familial-risk (HR) and low-familial-risk (LR) for ASD using a novel interview. Participants included HR siblings who were diagnosed with ASD at 24?months (HR-ASD, n = 56), HR siblings who did not receive an ASD diagnosis at 24?months (HR-Neg, n = 187), and a LR comparison group (n = 109). We developed and collected data with the Intense Interests Inventory at 18- and 24-months of age, a semi-structured interview that measures intensity and peculiarity of interests in toddlers and preschool-aged children. Intensity of interests differed by familial risk at 24?months, with HR-ASD and HR-Neg groups demonstrating equivalent intensity of interests that were higher than the LR group. By contrast, peculiarity of interest differed by ASD diagnosis, with the HR-ASD group showing more peculiar interests than the HR-Neg and LR groups at 24?months. At 18?months the HR-ASD group had more peculiar interests than the LR group, though no differences emerged in intensity of interests. This measure may be useful in identifying clinically-relevant features of interests in young children with ASD. We also replicated previous findings of males showing more intense interests at 18?months in our non-ASD sample. These results reveal new information about the nature of interests and preoccupations in the early autism phenotype. LAY SUMMARY: Intense interests are common in young children with autism and their family members. Intense interests are also prevalent among typically-developing children, and especially boys. Here we catalog interests and features of these interests in a large sample of toddlers enriched for autism risk. Children who had family members with autism had more intense interests, and those who developed autism themselves had more unusual interests at 24?months. These results highlight the importance of different aspects of interest in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2543 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 The association of adverse life events and parental mental health with emotional and behavioral outcomes in young adults with autism spectrum disorder / M. J. HOLLOCKS in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : The association of adverse life events and parental mental health with emotional and behavioral outcomes in young adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. J. HOLLOCKS, Auteur ; R. MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; R. KENT, Auteur ; S. LUKITO, Auteur ; Jackie BRISKMAN, Auteur ; D. STRINGER, Auteur ; C. LORD, Auteur ; A. PICKLES, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; E. SIMONOFF, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1724-1735 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications Child Emotions Humans Longitudinal Studies Mental Health Parents Young Adult anxiety co-morbid conditions depression environmental risk factors stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk of developing co-occurring mental health difficulties across the lifespan. Exposure to adverse life events and parental mental health difficulties are known risk factors for developing a range of mental health difficulties. This study investigates the association of adverse life events, parental stress and mental health with emotional and behavioral problems in young adults with ASD. One hundred and fifteen young adults with ASD derived from a population-based longitudinal study were assessed at three time-points (12-, 16-, and 23-year) on questionnaire measures of emotional and behavioral problems. Parent-reported exposure to adverse life events and parental stress/mental health were measured at age 23. We used structural equation modeling to investigate the stability of emotional and behavioral problems over time, and the association between adverse life events and parental stress and mental health and emotional and behavioral outcomes at 23-year. Our results indicate that exposure to adverse life events was significantly associated with increased emotional and behavioral problems in young adults with ASD, while controlling for symptoms in childhood and adolescence. Higher reported parental stress and mental health difficulties were associated with a higher frequency of behavioral, but not emotional problems, and did not mediate the impact of adverse life events. These results suggest that child and adolescent emotional and behavioral problems, exposure to life events and parent stress and mental health are independently associated, to differing degrees, with emotional or behavioral outcomes in early adulthood. LAY SUMMARY: People with autism experience high rates of mental health difficulties throughout childhood and into adult life. Adverse life events and parental stress and mental health may contribute to poor mental health in adulthood. We used data at three time points (12-, 16-, and 23-year) to understand how these factors relate to symptoms at 23-year. We found that emotional and behavioral problems in childhood, adverse life events and parent mental health were all associated with increased emotional and behavioral problems in adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2548 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1724-1735[article] The association of adverse life events and parental mental health with emotional and behavioral outcomes in young adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. J. HOLLOCKS, Auteur ; R. MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; R. KENT, Auteur ; S. LUKITO, Auteur ; Jackie BRISKMAN, Auteur ; D. STRINGER, Auteur ; C. LORD, Auteur ; A. PICKLES, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; E. SIMONOFF, Auteur . - p.1724-1735.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1724-1735
Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications Child Emotions Humans Longitudinal Studies Mental Health Parents Young Adult anxiety co-morbid conditions depression environmental risk factors stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk of developing co-occurring mental health difficulties across the lifespan. Exposure to adverse life events and parental mental health difficulties are known risk factors for developing a range of mental health difficulties. This study investigates the association of adverse life events, parental stress and mental health with emotional and behavioral problems in young adults with ASD. One hundred and fifteen young adults with ASD derived from a population-based longitudinal study were assessed at three time-points (12-, 16-, and 23-year) on questionnaire measures of emotional and behavioral problems. Parent-reported exposure to adverse life events and parental stress/mental health were measured at age 23. We used structural equation modeling to investigate the stability of emotional and behavioral problems over time, and the association between adverse life events and parental stress and mental health and emotional and behavioral outcomes at 23-year. Our results indicate that exposure to adverse life events was significantly associated with increased emotional and behavioral problems in young adults with ASD, while controlling for symptoms in childhood and adolescence. Higher reported parental stress and mental health difficulties were associated with a higher frequency of behavioral, but not emotional problems, and did not mediate the impact of adverse life events. These results suggest that child and adolescent emotional and behavioral problems, exposure to life events and parent stress and mental health are independently associated, to differing degrees, with emotional or behavioral outcomes in early adulthood. LAY SUMMARY: People with autism experience high rates of mental health difficulties throughout childhood and into adult life. Adverse life events and parental stress and mental health may contribute to poor mental health in adulthood. We used data at three time points (12-, 16-, and 23-year) to understand how these factors relate to symptoms at 23-year. We found that emotional and behavioral problems in childhood, adverse life events and parent mental health were all associated with increased emotional and behavioral problems in adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2548 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Needs assessment in unmet healthcare and family support services: A survey of caregivers of children and youth with autism spectrum disorder in Delaware / S. SRINIVASAN in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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Titre : Needs assessment in unmet healthcare and family support services: A survey of caregivers of children and youth with autism spectrum disorder in Delaware Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. SRINIVASAN, Auteur ; A. EKBLADH, Auteur ; B. FREEDMAN, Auteur ; Anjana N. BHAT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1736-1758 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Activities of Daily Living Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder/therapy Caregivers Child Counseling Delaware Health Services Accessibility Health Services Needs and Demand Humans Needs Assessment Autism Spectrum Disorder caregivers children and youth family support healthcare needs assessment unmet needs declare. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The study aimed to collect data from families of children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the state of Delaware, USA to understand their ongoing needs and challenges in accessing child healthcare and family support services. We analyzed responses from 263 caregivers of children and youth with ASD from 3 to 24?years using a statewide needs assessment survey. Over 50% caregivers indicated having unmet needs relative to both child/youth healthcare services and family support services. Between 24 and 38% caregivers expressed unmet needs for healthcare services such as social skills training, speech-language therapy, behavioral intervention, and occupational therapy for their child and 20-24% expressed needs for family support services such as respite care, parent/sibling support groups, counseling, and babysitting support. Additionally, number of prior early interventions received, limitations in accessing healthcare services, and unmet needs for family support services significantly predicted child/youth unmet healthcare needs. Greater ASD severity and difficulties accessing child/youth healthcare services predicted participant's functional dependence on caregivers for activities of daily living. Together, these findings call for designing holistic, family-centered interventions that address needs of both children and youth with ASD and their families. LAY SUMMARY: A statewide needs assessment survey of caregivers of children and youth with ASD revealed that 50% responders had unmet needs relative to both child/youth healthcare services and family support services. Number of prior services received, limitations in accessing healthcare, and unmet needs for family support are linked to child/youth unmet healthcare needs. Severity of autism and difficulties accessing child/youth healthcare are associated with participant's functional dependence. Together, these findings call for placing the family at the heart of the service system in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2514 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1736-1758[article] Needs assessment in unmet healthcare and family support services: A survey of caregivers of children and youth with autism spectrum disorder in Delaware [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. SRINIVASAN, Auteur ; A. EKBLADH, Auteur ; B. FREEDMAN, Auteur ; Anjana N. BHAT, Auteur . - p.1736-1758.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1736-1758
Mots-clés : Activities of Daily Living Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder/therapy Caregivers Child Counseling Delaware Health Services Accessibility Health Services Needs and Demand Humans Needs Assessment Autism Spectrum Disorder caregivers children and youth family support healthcare needs assessment unmet needs declare. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The study aimed to collect data from families of children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the state of Delaware, USA to understand their ongoing needs and challenges in accessing child healthcare and family support services. We analyzed responses from 263 caregivers of children and youth with ASD from 3 to 24?years using a statewide needs assessment survey. Over 50% caregivers indicated having unmet needs relative to both child/youth healthcare services and family support services. Between 24 and 38% caregivers expressed unmet needs for healthcare services such as social skills training, speech-language therapy, behavioral intervention, and occupational therapy for their child and 20-24% expressed needs for family support services such as respite care, parent/sibling support groups, counseling, and babysitting support. Additionally, number of prior early interventions received, limitations in accessing healthcare services, and unmet needs for family support services significantly predicted child/youth unmet healthcare needs. Greater ASD severity and difficulties accessing child/youth healthcare services predicted participant's functional dependence on caregivers for activities of daily living. Together, these findings call for designing holistic, family-centered interventions that address needs of both children and youth with ASD and their families. LAY SUMMARY: A statewide needs assessment survey of caregivers of children and youth with ASD revealed that 50% responders had unmet needs relative to both child/youth healthcare services and family support services. Number of prior services received, limitations in accessing healthcare, and unmet needs for family support are linked to child/youth unmet healthcare needs. Severity of autism and difficulties accessing child/youth healthcare are associated with participant's functional dependence. Together, these findings call for placing the family at the heart of the service system in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2514 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 The course and prognostic capability of motor difficulties in infants showing early signs of autism / M. K. LICARI in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : The course and prognostic capability of motor difficulties in infants showing early signs of autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. K. LICARI, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; K. HUDRY, Auteur ; H. C. LEONARD, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; S. V. PILLAR, Auteur ; P. G. STEVENSON, Auteur ; Matthew N. COOPER, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1759-1768 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Humans Infant Motor Skills Prognosis Prospective Studies early identification infancy motor skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Delays within the motor domain are often overlooked as an early surveillance marker for autism. The present study evaluated motor difficulties and its potential as an early predictive marker for later autism likelihood in a cohort of infants (N = 96) showing early behavioral signs of autism aged 9-14?months. The motor domain was evaluated using the motor subscales of the Mullen Scales of Early Learning at baseline, and at a 6-month follow-up. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule - Toddler Module (ADOS-T) was completed at follow-up as a measure of autism likelihood. Motor difficulties were common at baseline, with 63/96 (65.6%) infants scoring very low or below average in the gross motor domain and 29/96 (30.2%) in the fine motor domain. At follow-up, gross motor difficulties had resolved for many, with 23/63 (36.5%) infants maintaining these difficulties. Fine motor difficulties resolved in fewer infants, with 20/29 (69.0%) continuing to present with fine motor delays at follow-up. Adjusted linear regression models suggested that fine motor scores at baseline (? = -0.12, SE = 0.04) and follow-up (? = -0.17, SE = 0.05) were associated with higher ADOS-T scores; with difficulties across both timepoints (? = 5.60, SE = 1.35) the strongest (largest in magnitude) association with ADOS-T scores of the predictors examined. Motor difficulties are prominent in children displaying emerging signs of autism, with persistent fine motor difficulties predictive of the developing autism phenotype. The findings indicate the potential clinical value of including evaluation of motor skills within early autism surveillance measures. LAY SUMMARY: This prospective study evaluated motor development over a 6-month period in infants showing early behavioral signs of autism. Atypical motor development was a common feature of infants showing early signs of autism and persistent fine motor difficulties were predictive of the emerging autism phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2545 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1759-1768[article] The course and prognostic capability of motor difficulties in infants showing early signs of autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. K. LICARI, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; K. HUDRY, Auteur ; H. C. LEONARD, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; S. V. PILLAR, Auteur ; P. G. STEVENSON, Auteur ; Matthew N. COOPER, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur . - p.1759-1768.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1759-1768
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Humans Infant Motor Skills Prognosis Prospective Studies early identification infancy motor skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Delays within the motor domain are often overlooked as an early surveillance marker for autism. The present study evaluated motor difficulties and its potential as an early predictive marker for later autism likelihood in a cohort of infants (N = 96) showing early behavioral signs of autism aged 9-14?months. The motor domain was evaluated using the motor subscales of the Mullen Scales of Early Learning at baseline, and at a 6-month follow-up. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule - Toddler Module (ADOS-T) was completed at follow-up as a measure of autism likelihood. Motor difficulties were common at baseline, with 63/96 (65.6%) infants scoring very low or below average in the gross motor domain and 29/96 (30.2%) in the fine motor domain. At follow-up, gross motor difficulties had resolved for many, with 23/63 (36.5%) infants maintaining these difficulties. Fine motor difficulties resolved in fewer infants, with 20/29 (69.0%) continuing to present with fine motor delays at follow-up. Adjusted linear regression models suggested that fine motor scores at baseline (? = -0.12, SE = 0.04) and follow-up (? = -0.17, SE = 0.05) were associated with higher ADOS-T scores; with difficulties across both timepoints (? = 5.60, SE = 1.35) the strongest (largest in magnitude) association with ADOS-T scores of the predictors examined. Motor difficulties are prominent in children displaying emerging signs of autism, with persistent fine motor difficulties predictive of the developing autism phenotype. The findings indicate the potential clinical value of including evaluation of motor skills within early autism surveillance measures. LAY SUMMARY: This prospective study evaluated motor development over a 6-month period in infants showing early behavioral signs of autism. Atypical motor development was a common feature of infants showing early signs of autism and persistent fine motor difficulties were predictive of the emerging autism phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2545 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Attention training in children with autism spectrum disorder improves academic performance: A double-blind pilot application of the computerized progressive attentional training program / M. M. SPANIOL in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : Attention training in children with autism spectrum disorder improves academic performance: A double-blind pilot application of the computerized progressive attentional training program Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. M. SPANIOL, Auteur ; C. MEVORACH, Auteur ; L. SHALEV, Auteur ; Mctv TEIXEIRA, Auteur ; R. LOWENTHAL, Auteur ; C. S. DE PAULA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1769-1776 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/therapy Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/therapy Brazil Child Humans Pilot Projects Reading attention autism spectrum disorders cognitive training intervention school performance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical attention has been reported in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with studies pointing to an increase in attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder-like symptomatology. Individuals with ASD may also present academic difficulties and it is possible that they face a double-barrier for academic attainment from both core ASD symptomatology and from attention atypicalities, which are directly linked to academic performance. This raises the possibility that academic difficulties in ASD may benefit from cognitive training targeting attention. To test this possibility, we used the computerized progressive attentional training (CPAT) intervention in a double-blind, active control with follow-up intervention study in Brazil. The CPAT is a computerized attention training program that was recently piloted with schoolchildren with ASD in the UK. Twenty-six participants (8-14?years) with ASD in the São Paulo's ASD Reference Unit were assigned to either the CPAT (n = 14) or active control group (n = 12), which were matched at baseline. Two 45-min intervention sessions per week were conducted over a 2-month period. School performance, attention, fluid intelligence, and behavior were assessed before, immediately after and 3 months following the intervention. Significant group by time interactions show improvements in math, reading, writing and attention that were maintained at follow-up for the CPAT (but not the active control) group, while parents of children from both groups tended to report behavioral improvements. We conclude that attention training has the potential to reduce obstacles for academic attainment in ASD. Combined with the previous pilot study, the current results point to the generality of the approach, which leads to similar outcomes in different cultural and social contexts. LAY ABSTRACT: Attention difficulties tend to occur in ASD and are linked to academic performance. In this study, we demonstrate that school performance in math, reading and writing in children with ASD can improve following an intervention that trains basic attention skills (the CPAT intervention). The improvements we report are stable and were maintained 3-months following the intervention. This study, which was conducted in a public-health setting in Brazil, extends previous research in schools in the UK pointing to the cross-cultural and cross-settings efficacy of the intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2566 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1769-1776[article] Attention training in children with autism spectrum disorder improves academic performance: A double-blind pilot application of the computerized progressive attentional training program [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. M. SPANIOL, Auteur ; C. MEVORACH, Auteur ; L. SHALEV, Auteur ; Mctv TEIXEIRA, Auteur ; R. LOWENTHAL, Auteur ; C. S. DE PAULA, Auteur . - p.1769-1776.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1769-1776
Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/therapy Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/therapy Brazil Child Humans Pilot Projects Reading attention autism spectrum disorders cognitive training intervention school performance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical attention has been reported in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with studies pointing to an increase in attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder-like symptomatology. Individuals with ASD may also present academic difficulties and it is possible that they face a double-barrier for academic attainment from both core ASD symptomatology and from attention atypicalities, which are directly linked to academic performance. This raises the possibility that academic difficulties in ASD may benefit from cognitive training targeting attention. To test this possibility, we used the computerized progressive attentional training (CPAT) intervention in a double-blind, active control with follow-up intervention study in Brazil. The CPAT is a computerized attention training program that was recently piloted with schoolchildren with ASD in the UK. Twenty-six participants (8-14?years) with ASD in the São Paulo's ASD Reference Unit were assigned to either the CPAT (n = 14) or active control group (n = 12), which were matched at baseline. Two 45-min intervention sessions per week were conducted over a 2-month period. School performance, attention, fluid intelligence, and behavior were assessed before, immediately after and 3 months following the intervention. Significant group by time interactions show improvements in math, reading, writing and attention that were maintained at follow-up for the CPAT (but not the active control) group, while parents of children from both groups tended to report behavioral improvements. We conclude that attention training has the potential to reduce obstacles for academic attainment in ASD. Combined with the previous pilot study, the current results point to the generality of the approach, which leads to similar outcomes in different cultural and social contexts. LAY ABSTRACT: Attention difficulties tend to occur in ASD and are linked to academic performance. In this study, we demonstrate that school performance in math, reading and writing in children with ASD can improve following an intervention that trains basic attention skills (the CPAT intervention). The improvements we report are stable and were maintained 3-months following the intervention. This study, which was conducted in a public-health setting in Brazil, extends previous research in schools in the UK pointing to the cross-cultural and cross-settings efficacy of the intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2566 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 The implementation of reciprocal imitation training in a Part C early intervention setting: A stepped-wedge pragmatic trial / L. V. IBANEZ in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : The implementation of reciprocal imitation training in a Part C early intervention setting: A stepped-wedge pragmatic trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. V. IBANEZ, Auteur ; S. SCOTT, Auteur ; W. L. STONE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1777-1788 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Behavior Therapy Early Intervention, Educational Humans Imitative Behavior Social Behavior Part C early intervention community-based setting implementation science motor imitation reciprocal imitation training social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the development of several evidence-based Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Interventions (NDBIs), very few have been adapted for use in community-based settings. This study examines the implementation of Reciprocal Imitation Training (RIT)-an NDBI-by community Early Intervention (EI; IDEA Part C) providers serving toddlers from birth to 3?years. Of the 87 EI providers enrolled from 9 agencies in 4 counties across Washington State, 66 were included in the current sample. A stepped-wedge design was used to randomly assign counties to the timing of RIT training workshops. Self-report measures of practice and self-efficacy regarding ASD care were collected at baseline (T1, T2) and 6-months and 12-months post-training (T3, T4). At T3 and T4, providers reported on RIT adoption and rated items about RIT feasibility and perceived RIT effectiveness; at T4, they also reported on child characteristics that led to RIT use and modifications. From pre-training to post-training, there were significant increases in providers' self-efficacy in providing services to children with ASD or suspected ASD. At T3 and T4, provider ratings indicated high levels of RIT adoption, feasibility, and perceived RIT effectiveness. At T4, providers indicated that they most commonly: (a) initiated RIT when there were social-communication or motor imitation delays, or an ASD diagnosis; and (b) made modifications to RIT by repeating elements, blending it with other therapies, and loosening its structure. While additional research is needed, RIT may help families get an early start on accessing specialized treatment within an established infrastructure available across the United States. LAY SUMMARY: Reciprocal imitation training (RIT) is an evidence-based treatment for ASD that might be a good fit for use by intervention providers in widely accessible community-based settings. After attending an educational workshop on RIT, providers reported feeling more comfortable providing services to families with ASD concerns, used RIT with over 400 families, and believed that RIT improved important social communication behaviors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2522 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1777-1788[article] The implementation of reciprocal imitation training in a Part C early intervention setting: A stepped-wedge pragmatic trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. V. IBANEZ, Auteur ; S. SCOTT, Auteur ; W. L. STONE, Auteur . - p.1777-1788.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1777-1788
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Behavior Therapy Early Intervention, Educational Humans Imitative Behavior Social Behavior Part C early intervention community-based setting implementation science motor imitation reciprocal imitation training social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the development of several evidence-based Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Interventions (NDBIs), very few have been adapted for use in community-based settings. This study examines the implementation of Reciprocal Imitation Training (RIT)-an NDBI-by community Early Intervention (EI; IDEA Part C) providers serving toddlers from birth to 3?years. Of the 87 EI providers enrolled from 9 agencies in 4 counties across Washington State, 66 were included in the current sample. A stepped-wedge design was used to randomly assign counties to the timing of RIT training workshops. Self-report measures of practice and self-efficacy regarding ASD care were collected at baseline (T1, T2) and 6-months and 12-months post-training (T3, T4). At T3 and T4, providers reported on RIT adoption and rated items about RIT feasibility and perceived RIT effectiveness; at T4, they also reported on child characteristics that led to RIT use and modifications. From pre-training to post-training, there were significant increases in providers' self-efficacy in providing services to children with ASD or suspected ASD. At T3 and T4, provider ratings indicated high levels of RIT adoption, feasibility, and perceived RIT effectiveness. At T4, providers indicated that they most commonly: (a) initiated RIT when there were social-communication or motor imitation delays, or an ASD diagnosis; and (b) made modifications to RIT by repeating elements, blending it with other therapies, and loosening its structure. While additional research is needed, RIT may help families get an early start on accessing specialized treatment within an established infrastructure available across the United States. LAY SUMMARY: Reciprocal imitation training (RIT) is an evidence-based treatment for ASD that might be a good fit for use by intervention providers in widely accessible community-based settings. After attending an educational workshop on RIT, providers reported feeling more comfortable providing services to families with ASD concerns, used RIT with over 400 families, and believed that RIT improved important social communication behaviors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2522 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Short-term trajectories of restricted and repetitive behaviors in minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder / C. HARROP in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : Short-term trajectories of restricted and repetitive behaviors in minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. HARROP, Auteur ; K. STERRETT, Auteur ; W. SHIH, Auteur ; R. LANDA, Auteur ; A. KAISER, Auteur ; Connie KASARI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1789-1799 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aged Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/epidemiology Child Child, Preschool Cognition Humans language minimally verbal repetitive behaviors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Very little is known about the 30% of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) who remain minimally verbal when they enter school. Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are well-characterized in younger, preschool, and toddler samples. However, the prevalence and impact of RRBs has not been characterized in older, minimally verbal children. The goal of this study was to characterize this core diagnostic feature in minimally verbal children with ASD ages 5-8?years over a 9-month period to better understand how these behaviors manifest in this crucially understudied population. RRBs were coded from caregiver-child interactions (CCX) at four timepoints. Upon entry into the study, children demonstrated an average of 17 RRBs during a 10-min CCX. The most common category was Verbal. RRBs remained constant over 6?months; however, a slight reduction was observed at the final timepoint. Compared to prior literature on younger samples, minimally verbal children with ASD demonstrated higher rates of RRBs and higher rates of verbal RRBs. Further work is required to understand the function and impact of RRBs in minimally verbal children. LAY ABSTRACT: Approximately one-third of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remain minimally verbal at the time of school entry. In this study, we sought to characterize the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) in school-aged children (5-8) who were minimally verbal. Compared to prior studies, minimally verbal children with ASD had higher frequencies of RRBs and demonstrated a different profile of behaviors, including more verbal RRBs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2528 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1789-1799[article] Short-term trajectories of restricted and repetitive behaviors in minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. HARROP, Auteur ; K. STERRETT, Auteur ; W. SHIH, Auteur ; R. LANDA, Auteur ; A. KAISER, Auteur ; Connie KASARI, Auteur . - p.1789-1799.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1789-1799
Mots-clés : Aged Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/epidemiology Child Child, Preschool Cognition Humans language minimally verbal repetitive behaviors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Very little is known about the 30% of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) who remain minimally verbal when they enter school. Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are well-characterized in younger, preschool, and toddler samples. However, the prevalence and impact of RRBs has not been characterized in older, minimally verbal children. The goal of this study was to characterize this core diagnostic feature in minimally verbal children with ASD ages 5-8?years over a 9-month period to better understand how these behaviors manifest in this crucially understudied population. RRBs were coded from caregiver-child interactions (CCX) at four timepoints. Upon entry into the study, children demonstrated an average of 17 RRBs during a 10-min CCX. The most common category was Verbal. RRBs remained constant over 6?months; however, a slight reduction was observed at the final timepoint. Compared to prior literature on younger samples, minimally verbal children with ASD demonstrated higher rates of RRBs and higher rates of verbal RRBs. Further work is required to understand the function and impact of RRBs in minimally verbal children. LAY ABSTRACT: Approximately one-third of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remain minimally verbal at the time of school entry. In this study, we sought to characterize the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) in school-aged children (5-8) who were minimally verbal. Compared to prior studies, minimally verbal children with ASD had higher frequencies of RRBs and demonstrated a different profile of behaviors, including more verbal RRBs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2528 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 Risperidone versus aripiprazole fracture risk in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders / R. HOUGHTON in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)
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[article]
Titre : Risperidone versus aripiprazole fracture risk in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. HOUGHTON, Auteur ; J. VAN DEN BERGH, Auteur ; K. LAW, Auteur ; Y. LIU, Auteur ; F. DE VRIES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1800-1814 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects Aripiprazole/adverse effects Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/drug therapy/epidemiology Child Cohort Studies Female Fractures, Bone/drug therapy/epidemiology Humans Male Retrospective Studies Risperidone/adverse effects United States/epidemiology antipsychotics aripiprazole autism spectrum disorder fractures risperidone Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Risperidone and aripiprazole, commonly used antipsychotics in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), have previously been associated with elevated fracture risk in other populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the risk of fracture among children with ASD using risperidone or aripiprazole. This was a retrospective, propensity-score matched cohort study, set between January 2013 and December 2018. We used the MarketScan Medicaid insurance data, which covers multiple states of the United States. We included ASD children aged 2-18?years, who were new users of aripiprazole or risperidone and with no prior history of antipsychotic use or fractures. The main exposure was the continued use of aripiprazole or risperidone. The incidence rates of any fracture during follow-up were evaluated, and the risk between aripiprazole and risperidone was compared via Cox-proportional hazard models. Results were stratified by age, sex, duration of exposure and fracture site. In total, 3312 patients (78% male; mean [SD] age 11.0 [3.7] years) were identified for each cohort. Over the full duration of follow-up, fracture incidence rates per 1000 patient-years were 23.2 for risperidone and 38.4 for aripiprazole (hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval: 0.60 [0.44-0.83]). Risks were similar between cohorts throughout the first 180?days on treatment, but significantly higher in the aripiprazole group thereafter. Extremity fractures drove most of the increased risk, with the biggest differences in lower leg and ankle fractures. Differences widened for children aged 10?years or younger (HR [95% CI]: 0.47 [0.30-0.74]). In conclusion, compared to aripiprazole, risperidone was associated with 40% lower risk of fracture. Further analysis on the mechanism and long-term bone health of antipsychotic-treated children with ASD is warranted. LAY SUMMARY: We compared the risk of bone fractures among 6624 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), half of whom used risperidone and half of whom used aripiprazole. Taking other factors into account, risks were similar between the two groups throughout the first 180?days on treatment, but significantly higher in the aripiprazole group thereafter. The biggest differences were in lower leg and ankle fractures. Overall, compared with aripiprazole, risperidone was associated with 40% lower risk of fracture. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2541 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1800-1814[article] Risperidone versus aripiprazole fracture risk in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. HOUGHTON, Auteur ; J. VAN DEN BERGH, Auteur ; K. LAW, Auteur ; Y. LIU, Auteur ; F. DE VRIES, Auteur . - p.1800-1814.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1800-1814
Mots-clés : Adolescent Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects Aripiprazole/adverse effects Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/drug therapy/epidemiology Child Cohort Studies Female Fractures, Bone/drug therapy/epidemiology Humans Male Retrospective Studies Risperidone/adverse effects United States/epidemiology antipsychotics aripiprazole autism spectrum disorder fractures risperidone Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Risperidone and aripiprazole, commonly used antipsychotics in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), have previously been associated with elevated fracture risk in other populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the risk of fracture among children with ASD using risperidone or aripiprazole. This was a retrospective, propensity-score matched cohort study, set between January 2013 and December 2018. We used the MarketScan Medicaid insurance data, which covers multiple states of the United States. We included ASD children aged 2-18?years, who were new users of aripiprazole or risperidone and with no prior history of antipsychotic use or fractures. The main exposure was the continued use of aripiprazole or risperidone. The incidence rates of any fracture during follow-up were evaluated, and the risk between aripiprazole and risperidone was compared via Cox-proportional hazard models. Results were stratified by age, sex, duration of exposure and fracture site. In total, 3312 patients (78% male; mean [SD] age 11.0 [3.7] years) were identified for each cohort. Over the full duration of follow-up, fracture incidence rates per 1000 patient-years were 23.2 for risperidone and 38.4 for aripiprazole (hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval: 0.60 [0.44-0.83]). Risks were similar between cohorts throughout the first 180?days on treatment, but significantly higher in the aripiprazole group thereafter. Extremity fractures drove most of the increased risk, with the biggest differences in lower leg and ankle fractures. Differences widened for children aged 10?years or younger (HR [95% CI]: 0.47 [0.30-0.74]). In conclusion, compared to aripiprazole, risperidone was associated with 40% lower risk of fracture. Further analysis on the mechanism and long-term bone health of antipsychotic-treated children with ASD is warranted. LAY SUMMARY: We compared the risk of bone fractures among 6624 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), half of whom used risperidone and half of whom used aripiprazole. Taking other factors into account, risks were similar between the two groups throughout the first 180?days on treatment, but significantly higher in the aripiprazole group thereafter. The biggest differences were in lower leg and ankle fractures. Overall, compared with aripiprazole, risperidone was associated with 40% lower risk of fracture. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2541 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449