Capturing change in restricted and repetitive behaviour in preschoolers with ASD: A comparison of direct behavioural observation and parent report / Naisan RAJI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 66-11 (November 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 66-11 (November 2025) . - p.1736-1747 Titre : Capturing change in restricted and repetitive behaviour in preschoolers with ASD: A comparison of direct behavioural observation and parent report Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Naisan RAJI, Auteur ; Janina KITZEROW-CLEVEN, Auteur ; Ziyon KIM, Auteur ; Solvejg K. KLEBER, Auteur ; Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Christian LEMLER, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur ; Regina TAURINES, Auteur ; Julia GEIßLER, Auteur ; Ulrike FRÖHLICH, Auteur ; Michele NOTERDAEME, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1736-1747 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  longitudinal studies  development  behavioural measures  stereotyped behaviour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Restricted and repetitive behaviour (RRB) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be assessed by different measures, which diverge in item quantity, dimensionality or source of information. However, change sensitivity has not been systematically investigated among commonly used measures, albeit its importance for clinical trials and longitudinal studies. Methods Longitudinal data resulting from behavioural observation (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2, ADOS-2; Brief Observation of Social Communication Change, BOSCC) and parent report (Restricted Behaviour Scale-Revised, RBS-R) was collected for 134 toddlers and preschoolers aged 25?65?months diagnosed with ASD by the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and ADOS-2. Change sensitivity was estimated using the reliable-change index and developmental trajectories of RRB by linear mixed models and k-means clustering. Results The RBS-R identified significantly more reliable change in RRB severity compared to ADOS-2 and BOSCC. For all measures, except the RBS-R self-injurious behaviour subscale, three distinct RRB trajectories were found as follows: increasing, stable and decreasing RRB severity. Overlap was low between trajectory group assignment across measures, as were cross-sectional correlations between ADI-R, ADOS-2, BOSCC and RBS-R. Trajectory group comparisons among measures mostly showed lower baseline RRB severity in the increasing trajectory groups and higher baseline RRB severity in the decreasing trajectory groups. The trajectory groups did not differ in age or nonverbal IQ across RRB measures, except for the RBS-R compulsive behaviour subscale, which had higher nonverbal IQ in the decreasing trajectory group. Conclusions The dimensional questionnaire RBS-R compared to ADOS-2 and BOSCC is superior in capturing subtle changes in RRB during preschool age. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=571 [article] Capturing change in restricted and repetitive behaviour in preschoolers with ASD: A comparison of direct behavioural observation and parent report [texte imprimé] / Naisan RAJI, Auteur ; Janina KITZEROW-CLEVEN, Auteur ; Ziyon KIM, Auteur ; Solvejg K. KLEBER, Auteur ; Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Christian LEMLER, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur ; Regina TAURINES, Auteur ; Julia GEIßLER, Auteur ; Ulrike FRÖHLICH, Auteur ; Michele NOTERDAEME, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur . - p.1736-1747. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 66-11 (November 2025) . - p.1736-1747 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  longitudinal studies  development  behavioural measures  stereotyped behaviour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Restricted and repetitive behaviour (RRB) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be assessed by different measures, which diverge in item quantity, dimensionality or source of information. However, change sensitivity has not been systematically investigated among commonly used measures, albeit its importance for clinical trials and longitudinal studies. Methods Longitudinal data resulting from behavioural observation (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2, ADOS-2; Brief Observation of Social Communication Change, BOSCC) and parent report (Restricted Behaviour Scale-Revised, RBS-R) was collected for 134 toddlers and preschoolers aged 25?65?months diagnosed with ASD by the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and ADOS-2. Change sensitivity was estimated using the reliable-change index and developmental trajectories of RRB by linear mixed models and k-means clustering. Results The RBS-R identified significantly more reliable change in RRB severity compared to ADOS-2 and BOSCC. For all measures, except the RBS-R self-injurious behaviour subscale, three distinct RRB trajectories were found as follows: increasing, stable and decreasing RRB severity. Overlap was low between trajectory group assignment across measures, as were cross-sectional correlations between ADI-R, ADOS-2, BOSCC and RBS-R. Trajectory group comparisons among measures mostly showed lower baseline RRB severity in the increasing trajectory groups and higher baseline RRB severity in the decreasing trajectory groups. The trajectory groups did not differ in age or nonverbal IQ across RRB measures, except for the RBS-R compulsive behaviour subscale, which had higher nonverbal IQ in the decreasing trajectory group. Conclusions The dimensional questionnaire RBS-R compared to ADOS-2 and BOSCC is superior in capturing subtle changes in RRB during preschool age. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=571

Complex, low-intensity, individualised naturalistic developmental behavioural intervention in toddlers and pre-schoolers with autism spectrum disorder: The multicentre, observer-blind, parallel-group randomised-controlled A-FFIP trial / Christine M. FREITAG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 66-10 (October 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 66-10 (October 2025) . - p.1500-1513 Titre : Complex, low-intensity, individualised naturalistic developmental behavioural intervention in toddlers and pre-schoolers with autism spectrum disorder: The multicentre, observer-blind, parallel-group randomised-controlled A-FFIP trial Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Marietta KIRCHNER, Auteur ; Lukas D. SAUER, Auteur ; Solvejg K. KLEBER, Auteur ; Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Naisan RAJI, Auteur ; Christian LEMLER, Auteur ; Ulrike FRÖHLICH, Auteur ; Tomasz A. JARCZOK, Auteur ; Julia GEIßLER, Auteur ; Franziska RADTKE, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Regina TAURINES, Auteur ; Michelle NOTERDAEME, Auteur ; Karoline TEUFEL, Auteur ; Ziyon KIM, Auteur ; Janina KITZEROW-CLEVEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1500-1513 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Naturalistic  developmental  behavioural  autism  social communication  repetitive behaviour  randomised-controlled Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Naturalistic developmental behavioural interventions (NDBI) may improve social communication in toddlers/pre-school aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here, we study efficacy of the low-intensity, complex NDBI ?Frankfurt Early Intervention Program for ASD? (A-FFIP) over 1 year by a confirmatory phase-III, prospective, randomised, controlled, parallel-group study with two treatment arms over four centres. Methods Main inclusion criteria: ASD (DSM-5), age 24 66 months, developmental quotient >30. Intervention: Manualised A-FFIP intervention. Control intervention: Early intervention as usual (EIAU). Primary outcome: Change in core ASD symptoms from baseline (T2) to immediate intervention endpoint at 12 months (T6) based on the blindly rated Brief Observation for Communication Change (BOSCC) total score. Statistical analysis: Mixed model for repeated measures with covariates baseline BOSCC-total, chronological age and centre. Results Between July 2018 and October 2021, N 134 children with ASD were randomly allocated to intervention (A-FFIP: n 68, EIAU: n 66). Groups did not differ at baseline, with a mean age of 49 (SD 10) months, a mean developmental age of 23.3 (SD 13.6) months and 26 (19.4%) females. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic interfered severely with trial procedures. Intention-to-treat analysis in the primary analysis set, with at least one postbaseline BOSCC measure (A-FFIP n 64, EIAU n 60), did not find differences in the primary outcome by group (adjusted ES 0.06, 95% CI to 0.24 to 0.11). SARS-CoV2-related lockdown led to less improvement across groups. Secondary outcomes showed stronger improvements in parent-rated repetitive behaviour as well as parent- and teacher-rated executive functions for A-FFIP versus EIAU. Adverse events were comparable between groups. Conclusions The manualised NDBI program A-FFIP, which allows individually targeting six core basic abilities and five developmental domains related to longitudinal development in ASD, did not improve social communication, cognitive or behavioural outcomes beyond EIAU after 1 year, but may improve repetitive behaviour and executive function. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14162 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=568 [article] Complex, low-intensity, individualised naturalistic developmental behavioural intervention in toddlers and pre-schoolers with autism spectrum disorder: The multicentre, observer-blind, parallel-group randomised-controlled A-FFIP trial [texte imprimé] / Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Marietta KIRCHNER, Auteur ; Lukas D. SAUER, Auteur ; Solvejg K. KLEBER, Auteur ; Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Naisan RAJI, Auteur ; Christian LEMLER, Auteur ; Ulrike FRÖHLICH, Auteur ; Tomasz A. JARCZOK, Auteur ; Julia GEIßLER, Auteur ; Franziska RADTKE, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Regina TAURINES, Auteur ; Michelle NOTERDAEME, Auteur ; Karoline TEUFEL, Auteur ; Ziyon KIM, Auteur ; Janina KITZEROW-CLEVEN, Auteur . - p.1500-1513. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 66-10 (October 2025) . - p.1500-1513 Mots-clés : Naturalistic  developmental  behavioural  autism  social communication  repetitive behaviour  randomised-controlled Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Naturalistic developmental behavioural interventions (NDBI) may improve social communication in toddlers/pre-school aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here, we study efficacy of the low-intensity, complex NDBI ?Frankfurt Early Intervention Program for ASD? (A-FFIP) over 1 year by a confirmatory phase-III, prospective, randomised, controlled, parallel-group study with two treatment arms over four centres. Methods Main inclusion criteria: ASD (DSM-5), age 24 66 months, developmental quotient >30. Intervention: Manualised A-FFIP intervention. Control intervention: Early intervention as usual (EIAU). Primary outcome: Change in core ASD symptoms from baseline (T2) to immediate intervention endpoint at 12 months (T6) based on the blindly rated Brief Observation for Communication Change (BOSCC) total score. Statistical analysis: Mixed model for repeated measures with covariates baseline BOSCC-total, chronological age and centre. Results Between July 2018 and October 2021, N 134 children with ASD were randomly allocated to intervention (A-FFIP: n 68, EIAU: n 66). Groups did not differ at baseline, with a mean age of 49 (SD 10) months, a mean developmental age of 23.3 (SD 13.6) months and 26 (19.4%) females. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic interfered severely with trial procedures. Intention-to-treat analysis in the primary analysis set, with at least one postbaseline BOSCC measure (A-FFIP n 64, EIAU n 60), did not find differences in the primary outcome by group (adjusted ES 0.06, 95% CI to 0.24 to 0.11). SARS-CoV2-related lockdown led to less improvement across groups. Secondary outcomes showed stronger improvements in parent-rated repetitive behaviour as well as parent- and teacher-rated executive functions for A-FFIP versus EIAU. Adverse events were comparable between groups. Conclusions The manualised NDBI program A-FFIP, which allows individually targeting six core basic abilities and five developmental domains related to longitudinal development in ASD, did not improve social communication, cognitive or behavioural outcomes beyond EIAU after 1 year, but may improve repetitive behaviour and executive function. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14162 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=568

Locus coeruleus tonic upregulation increases selectivity to inconspicuous auditory information in autistic compared to non-autistic individuals: a combined pupillometry and electroencephalography study / Nico BAST in Molecular Autism, 16 (2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 16 (2025) . - 41 Titre : Locus coeruleus tonic upregulation increases selectivity to inconspicuous auditory information in autistic compared to non-autistic individuals: a combined pupillometry and electroencephalography study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Nico BAST, Auteur ; Jumana AHMAD, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Emily J.H. JONES, Auteur ; Magdalena MATYJEK, Auteur ; Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Christina LUCKHARDT, Auteur ; Anna Katharina MÃœLLER, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Sarah BAUMEISTER, Auteur ; Eva LOTH, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur ; Jumana AHMAD, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Emily J.H. JONES, Auteur ; Magdalena MATYJEK, Auteur ; Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Christina LUCKHARDT, Auteur ; Anna Katharina MÃœLLER, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Sarah BAUMEISTER, Auteur ; Eva LOTH, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur Article en page(s) : 41 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Male  Electroencephalography/methods  Female  Autistic Disorder/physiopathology  Adult  Locus Coeruleus/physiopathology/metabolism  Young Adult  Pupil/physiology  Auditory Perception  Adolescent  Acoustic Stimulation  Up-Regulation  Case-Control Studies  Arousal  Auditory oddball paradigm  Autism spectrum condition  Mismatch negativity  Predictive coding  Pupillometry  (where appropriate) and their parent/legal guardian provided written informed  consent. Ethical approval for this study was obtained through ethics committees  at each site (King’s College London—London Queen Square Health Research Authority  Research Ethics Committee: 13/LO/1156  Autism Research Centre, University of  Cambridge—London Queen Square Health Research Authority Research Ethics  Committee: 13/LO/1156  Radboud University Medical Centre—Quality and Safety  Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects Arnhem-Nijmegen: 2013/455,  University Medical Centre Utrecht—- Quality and Safety Committee on Research  Involving Human Subjects Arnhem-Nijmegen: 2013/455  Central Insitute of Mental  Health—University Medical Mannheim, Medical Ethics Commission II: 2014-540N-MA  Universita Campus Bio-Medica De Roma—Medical Ethics Committee: 18/14 PAR ComET  CBM  Karolinska Intitute – Central Ethical Review Board: 32–2010). Consent for  publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no  competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Sensory processing requires selectivity to salient sensory input. Many autistic individuals report different sensory processing, which has been associated with altered sensory selectivity. The locus-coeruleus norepinephrine (LC-NE) system modulates the neuronal gain of sensory input, which represents a neurophysiological mechanism of sensory selectivity. In autistic individuals, we hypothesized that LC-NE tonic upregulation reduces sensory selectivity and underlies different sensory processing. METHODS: Autistic (n = 139) and non-autistic (n = 98) individuals were assessed during a passive auditory oddball task with pupillometry and electroencephalography. For every trial, a baseline pupil size (BPS) assessed LC-NE tonic activity that coincides with current arousal, while a stimulus-evoked pupillary response (SEPR) assessed LC-NE phasic activity that estimated sensory selectivity. Electroencephalography assessed amplitudes of mismatch negativity (MMN-amp) that estimated pre-attentive change detection as a brain-activity readout of sensory selectivity. Measures were modeled between groups within the task by combining Frequentist and Bayesian approaches. RESULTS: Across groups, higher BPS was associated with more negative MMN-amp to standards and oddballs. A more negative MMN-amp to standards was associated with a higher SEPR to standards. Controlling for these associations, autistic versus non-autistic individuals showed a higher SEPR in response to standards. In addition, a positive association of BPS and SEPR to standards was specific to autistic individuals. With task progression, autistic versus non-autistic individuals showed a higher initial increase and subsequently steeper decrease of BPS. This was supported by Bayesian posterior distribution estimates. LIMITATIONS: A short trial duration required concatenating trials to epochs and applying a linear-time invariant filter to capture the slow pupil changes. Without an LC-NE manipulation, we cannot rule out that pupil changes are evoked by other cortical pathways than the LC-NE. CONCLUSIONS: Across groups, LC-NE tonic upregulation is emphasized as a general mechanism that un-specifically increases pre-attentive change detection to all sensory stimuli, which then increases sensory selectivity to frequent stimuli. In autistic individuals, different sensory processing is characterized by increased sensory selectivity to frequent stimuli. This is likely caused by an LC-NE tonic upregulation. It associates autistic sensory processing with increased arousal upregulation that increases sensory selectivity to inconspicuous auditory information. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-025-00678-w Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=569 [article] Locus coeruleus tonic upregulation increases selectivity to inconspicuous auditory information in autistic compared to non-autistic individuals: a combined pupillometry and electroencephalography study [texte imprimé] / Nico BAST, Auteur ; Jumana AHMAD, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Emily J.H. JONES, Auteur ; Magdalena MATYJEK, Auteur ; Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Christina LUCKHARDT, Auteur ; Anna Katharina MÃœLLER, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Sarah BAUMEISTER, Auteur ; Eva LOTH, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur ; Jumana AHMAD, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Emily J.H. JONES, Auteur ; Magdalena MATYJEK, Auteur ; Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Christina LUCKHARDT, Auteur ; Anna Katharina MÃœLLER, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Sarah BAUMEISTER, Auteur ; Eva LOTH, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur . - 41. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 16 (2025) . - 41 Mots-clés : Humans  Male  Electroencephalography/methods  Female  Autistic Disorder/physiopathology  Adult  Locus Coeruleus/physiopathology/metabolism  Young Adult  Pupil/physiology  Auditory Perception  Adolescent  Acoustic Stimulation  Up-Regulation  Case-Control Studies  Arousal  Auditory oddball paradigm  Autism spectrum condition  Mismatch negativity  Predictive coding  Pupillometry  (where appropriate) and their parent/legal guardian provided written informed  consent. Ethical approval for this study was obtained through ethics committees  at each site (King’s College London—London Queen Square Health Research Authority  Research Ethics Committee: 13/LO/1156  Autism Research Centre, University of  Cambridge—London Queen Square Health Research Authority Research Ethics  Committee: 13/LO/1156  Radboud University Medical Centre—Quality and Safety  Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects Arnhem-Nijmegen: 2013/455,  University Medical Centre Utrecht—- Quality and Safety Committee on Research  Involving Human Subjects Arnhem-Nijmegen: 2013/455  Central Insitute of Mental  Health—University Medical Mannheim, Medical Ethics Commission II: 2014-540N-MA  Universita Campus Bio-Medica De Roma—Medical Ethics Committee: 18/14 PAR ComET  CBM  Karolinska Intitute – Central Ethical Review Board: 32–2010). Consent for  publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no  competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Sensory processing requires selectivity to salient sensory input. Many autistic individuals report different sensory processing, which has been associated with altered sensory selectivity. The locus-coeruleus norepinephrine (LC-NE) system modulates the neuronal gain of sensory input, which represents a neurophysiological mechanism of sensory selectivity. In autistic individuals, we hypothesized that LC-NE tonic upregulation reduces sensory selectivity and underlies different sensory processing. METHODS: Autistic (n = 139) and non-autistic (n = 98) individuals were assessed during a passive auditory oddball task with pupillometry and electroencephalography. For every trial, a baseline pupil size (BPS) assessed LC-NE tonic activity that coincides with current arousal, while a stimulus-evoked pupillary response (SEPR) assessed LC-NE phasic activity that estimated sensory selectivity. Electroencephalography assessed amplitudes of mismatch negativity (MMN-amp) that estimated pre-attentive change detection as a brain-activity readout of sensory selectivity. Measures were modeled between groups within the task by combining Frequentist and Bayesian approaches. RESULTS: Across groups, higher BPS was associated with more negative MMN-amp to standards and oddballs. A more negative MMN-amp to standards was associated with a higher SEPR to standards. Controlling for these associations, autistic versus non-autistic individuals showed a higher SEPR in response to standards. In addition, a positive association of BPS and SEPR to standards was specific to autistic individuals. With task progression, autistic versus non-autistic individuals showed a higher initial increase and subsequently steeper decrease of BPS. This was supported by Bayesian posterior distribution estimates. LIMITATIONS: A short trial duration required concatenating trials to epochs and applying a linear-time invariant filter to capture the slow pupil changes. Without an LC-NE manipulation, we cannot rule out that pupil changes are evoked by other cortical pathways than the LC-NE. CONCLUSIONS: Across groups, LC-NE tonic upregulation is emphasized as a general mechanism that un-specifically increases pre-attentive change detection to all sensory stimuli, which then increases sensory selectivity to frequent stimuli. In autistic individuals, different sensory processing is characterized by increased sensory selectivity to frequent stimuli. This is likely caused by an LC-NE tonic upregulation. It associates autistic sensory processing with increased arousal upregulation that increases sensory selectivity to inconspicuous auditory information. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-025-00678-w Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=569

Pupil dilation during visuospatial orienting differentiates between autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder / Sara BOXHOORN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-5 (May 2020) . - p.614-624 Titre : Pupil dilation during visuospatial orienting differentiates between autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sara BOXHOORN, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur ; Hans SUPER, Auteur ; Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Hannah CHOLEMKERY, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.614-624 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention  LC-NE system  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  pupil dilation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Previous research demonstrated atypical attention in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Regarding visual orienting, findings suggest a differential impairment: Atypical orienting to relatively unexpected targets in ASD, and atypical processing of alerting cues in ADHD. The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system plays an important role in exploiting alerting cues to increase attention and task performance. The present study's aim was to examine differential subcortical processes underlying visual orienting in ASD and ADHD with pupil dilation (PD) as index of LC activity. METHODS: Pupil dilation (PD) progression metrics during visual orienting were calculated for task-evoked PD locked to cue, stimulus onset, and behavioral response. Group differences in PD and reaction time (RT) were compared between children with ASD without ADHD (ASD-) (N = 18), ADHD without ASD (ADHD-) (N = 28), both disorders (ASD + ADHD) (N = 14), and typically developing children (TD) (N = 31) using linear mixed models (LMM). To further explore the modulatory role of the LC-NE system group differences in the effect of task-evoked PD metrics on RT were examined exploratively. RESULTS: ASD (+ADHD) showed slower orienting responses to relatively unexpected spatial target stimuli as compared to TD, which was accompanied by higher PD amplitudes relative to ADHD- and TD. In ADHD-, shorter cue-evoked PD latencies relative to ASD-, ASD + ADHD, and TD were found. Group differences in the effect of cue- and stimulus-evoked PD amplitudes on RT were found in ASD- relative to TD. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings provide new evidence for a specific role of the LC-NE system in impaired reflexive orienting responses in ASD, and atypical visual processing of alerting cues in ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13179 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Pupil dilation during visuospatial orienting differentiates between autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [texte imprimé] / Sara BOXHOORN, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur ; Hans SUPER, Auteur ; Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Hannah CHOLEMKERY, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur . - p.614-624. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-5 (May 2020) . - p.614-624 Mots-clés : Attention  LC-NE system  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  pupil dilation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Previous research demonstrated atypical attention in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Regarding visual orienting, findings suggest a differential impairment: Atypical orienting to relatively unexpected targets in ASD, and atypical processing of alerting cues in ADHD. The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system plays an important role in exploiting alerting cues to increase attention and task performance. The present study's aim was to examine differential subcortical processes underlying visual orienting in ASD and ADHD with pupil dilation (PD) as index of LC activity. METHODS: Pupil dilation (PD) progression metrics during visual orienting were calculated for task-evoked PD locked to cue, stimulus onset, and behavioral response. Group differences in PD and reaction time (RT) were compared between children with ASD without ADHD (ASD-) (N = 18), ADHD without ASD (ADHD-) (N = 28), both disorders (ASD + ADHD) (N = 14), and typically developing children (TD) (N = 31) using linear mixed models (LMM). To further explore the modulatory role of the LC-NE system group differences in the effect of task-evoked PD metrics on RT were examined exploratively. RESULTS: ASD (+ADHD) showed slower orienting responses to relatively unexpected spatial target stimuli as compared to TD, which was accompanied by higher PD amplitudes relative to ADHD- and TD. In ADHD-, shorter cue-evoked PD latencies relative to ASD-, ASD + ADHD, and TD were found. Group differences in the effect of cue- and stimulus-evoked PD amplitudes on RT were found in ASD- relative to TD. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings provide new evidence for a specific role of the LC-NE system in impaired reflexive orienting responses in ASD, and atypical visual processing of alerting cues in ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13179 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Pupillometric measures of altered stimulus-evoked locus coeruleus-norepinephrine activity explain attenuated social attention in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder / Leonie POLZER in Autism Research, 15-11 (November 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-11 (November 2022) . - p.2167-2180 Titre : Pupillometric measures of altered stimulus-evoked locus coeruleus-norepinephrine activity explain attenuated social attention in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2167-2180 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child  Humans  Child, Preschool  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Locus Coeruleus  Norepinephrine  Attention/physiology  Pupil/physiology  attention  eye-tracking technology  preschool  pupil Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Attenuated social attention has been described as a reduced preference for social compared to geometric motion in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The locus coeruleus-norpinephrine (LC-NE) system modulates sensory reactivity and is a promising underlying mechanism. LC-NE activity is indexed by a stimulus-evoked pupillary response (SEPR) and partially by a luminance-adaptation pupillary response (LAPR), which were both shown to be aberrant in ASD. We examined whether SEPR and LAPR explain an attenuated social motion preference. We applied pupillometry via video-based eye tracking in young children (18-65 months) with ASD (n = 57) and typically developing (TD) children (n = 39) during a preferential looking paradigm of competing social and geometric motion and a changing light condition paradigm. We found an attenuated social motion preference in the ASD compared to the TD group. This was accompanied by atypical pupillometry showing a smaller SEPR to social motion, a larger SEPR to geometric motion and a reduced LAPR to a dark screen. SEPR but not LAPR explained the group difference in social motion preference. An ASD diagnosis was statistically predicted by the social motion preference, while this effect was mediated by the inclusion of SEPR to geometric and social motion. Our findings suggest a decreased sensory reactivity to social and increased reactivity to non-social motion in ASD, which may concurrently contribute to an attenuated social attention. The LC-NE system is supported as a promising underlying mechanism of altered social attention in young children with ASD, while the specificity of findings remains to be addressed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2818 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488 [article] Pupillometric measures of altered stimulus-evoked locus coeruleus-norepinephrine activity explain attenuated social attention in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur . - p.2167-2180. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-11 (November 2022) . - p.2167-2180 Mots-clés : Child  Humans  Child, Preschool  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Locus Coeruleus  Norepinephrine  Attention/physiology  Pupil/physiology  attention  eye-tracking technology  preschool  pupil Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Attenuated social attention has been described as a reduced preference for social compared to geometric motion in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The locus coeruleus-norpinephrine (LC-NE) system modulates sensory reactivity and is a promising underlying mechanism. LC-NE activity is indexed by a stimulus-evoked pupillary response (SEPR) and partially by a luminance-adaptation pupillary response (LAPR), which were both shown to be aberrant in ASD. We examined whether SEPR and LAPR explain an attenuated social motion preference. We applied pupillometry via video-based eye tracking in young children (18-65 months) with ASD (n = 57) and typically developing (TD) children (n = 39) during a preferential looking paradigm of competing social and geometric motion and a changing light condition paradigm. We found an attenuated social motion preference in the ASD compared to the TD group. This was accompanied by atypical pupillometry showing a smaller SEPR to social motion, a larger SEPR to geometric motion and a reduced LAPR to a dark screen. SEPR but not LAPR explained the group difference in social motion preference. An ASD diagnosis was statistically predicted by the social motion preference, while this effect was mediated by the inclusion of SEPR to geometric and social motion. Our findings suggest a decreased sensory reactivity to social and increased reactivity to non-social motion in ASD, which may concurrently contribute to an attenuated social attention. The LC-NE system is supported as a promising underlying mechanism of altered social attention in young children with ASD, while the specificity of findings remains to be addressed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2818 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488

Semi-Automated Multi-Label Classification of Autistic Mannerisms by Machine Learning on Post Hoc Skeletal Tracking / Solvejg K. KLEBER ; Leonie POLZER ; Naisan RAJI ; Janina KITZEROW-CLEVEN ; Ziyon KIM ; Simeon PLATTE ; Christine M. FREITAG ; Nico BAST in Autism Research, 18-4 (April 2025)  

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