Preferential looking to eyes versus mouth in early infancy: heritability and link to concurrent and later development / Charlotte VIKTORSSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-2 (February 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-2 (February 2023) . - p.311-319 Titre : Preferential looking to eyes versus mouth in early infancy: heritability and link to concurrent and later development Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Charlotte VIKTORSSON, Auteur ; Ana Maria PORTUGAL, Auteur ; Danyang LI, Auteur ; Maja RUDLING, Auteur ; Monica SIQUEIROS SANCHEZ, Auteur ; Kristiina TAMMIMIES, Auteur ; Mark J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Terje FALCK-YTTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.311-319 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background From birth, infants orient preferentially to faces, and when looking at the face, they attend primarily to eyes and mouth. These areas convey different types of information, and earlier research suggests that genetic factors influence the preference for one or the other in young children. Methods In a sample of 535 5-month-old infant twins, we assessed eye (relative to mouth) preference in early infancy, i.e., before neural systems for social communication and language are fully developed. We investigated the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the preference for looking at eyes, and the association with concurrent traits and follow-up measures. Results Eye preference was independent from all other concurrent traits measured, and had a moderate-to-high contribution from genetic influences (A = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.66). Preference for eyes at 5 months was associated with higher parent ratings of receptive vocabulary at 14 months. No statistically significant association with later autistic traits was found. Preference for eyes was strikingly stable across different stimulus types (e.g., dynamic vs. still), suggesting that infants' preference at this age does not reflect sensitivity to low-level visual cues. Conclusions These results suggest that individual differences in infants' preferential looking to eyes versus mouth to a substantial degree reflect genetic variation. The findings provide new leads on both the perceptual basis and the developmental consequences of these attentional biases. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13724 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=492 [article] Preferential looking to eyes versus mouth in early infancy: heritability and link to concurrent and later development [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Charlotte VIKTORSSON, Auteur ; Ana Maria PORTUGAL, Auteur ; Danyang LI, Auteur ; Maja RUDLING, Auteur ; Monica SIQUEIROS SANCHEZ, Auteur ; Kristiina TAMMIMIES, Auteur ; Mark J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Terje FALCK-YTTER, Auteur . - p.311-319. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-2 (February 2023) . - p.311-319 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background From birth, infants orient preferentially to faces, and when looking at the face, they attend primarily to eyes and mouth. These areas convey different types of information, and earlier research suggests that genetic factors influence the preference for one or the other in young children. Methods In a sample of 535 5-month-old infant twins, we assessed eye (relative to mouth) preference in early infancy, i.e., before neural systems for social communication and language are fully developed. We investigated the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the preference for looking at eyes, and the association with concurrent traits and follow-up measures. Results Eye preference was independent from all other concurrent traits measured, and had a moderate-to-high contribution from genetic influences (A = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.66). Preference for eyes at 5 months was associated with higher parent ratings of receptive vocabulary at 14 months. No statistically significant association with later autistic traits was found. Preference for eyes was strikingly stable across different stimulus types (e.g., dynamic vs. still), suggesting that infants' preference at this age does not reflect sensitivity to low-level visual cues. Conclusions These results suggest that individual differences in infants' preferential looking to eyes versus mouth to a substantial degree reflect genetic variation. The findings provide new leads on both the perceptual basis and the developmental consequences of these attentional biases. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13724 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=492

Visual Disengagement: Genetic Architecture and Relation to Autistic Traits in the General Population / Monica SIQUEIROS SANCHEZ in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-6 (June 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-6 (June 2020) . - p.2188-2200 Titre : Visual Disengagement: Genetic Architecture and Relation to Autistic Traits in the General Population Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Monica SIQUEIROS SANCHEZ, Auteur ; Erik PETTERSSON, Auteur ; Daniel P KENNEDY, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Terje FALCK-YTTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2188-2200 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Autistic traits  Behavior genetics  Gap-overlap task  Visual disengagement Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Visual disengagement has been hypothesized as an endophenotype for autism. In this study we used twin modelling to assess the role of genetics in basic measures of visual disengagement, and tested their putative association to autistic traits in the general population. We used the Gap Overlap task in a sample of 492 twins. Results showed that most of the covariance among eye movement latencies across conditions was shared and primarily genetic. Further, there were unique genetic contributions to the Gap condition, but not to the Overlap condition-i.e. the one theorized to capture visual disengagement. We found no phenotypic association between autistic traits and disengagement, thus not supporting the hypothesis of visual disengagement as an endophenotype for autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03974-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425 [article] Visual Disengagement: Genetic Architecture and Relation to Autistic Traits in the General Population [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Monica SIQUEIROS SANCHEZ, Auteur ; Erik PETTERSSON, Auteur ; Daniel P KENNEDY, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Terje FALCK-YTTER, Auteur . - p.2188-2200. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-6 (June 2020) . - p.2188-2200 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Autistic traits  Behavior genetics  Gap-overlap task  Visual disengagement Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Visual disengagement has been hypothesized as an endophenotype for autism. In this study we used twin modelling to assess the role of genetics in basic measures of visual disengagement, and tested their putative association to autistic traits in the general population. We used the Gap Overlap task in a sample of 492 twins. Results showed that most of the covariance among eye movement latencies across conditions was shared and primarily genetic. Further, there were unique genetic contributions to the Gap condition, but not to the Overlap condition-i.e. the one theorized to capture visual disengagement. We found no phenotypic association between autistic traits and disengagement, thus not supporting the hypothesis of visual disengagement as an endophenotype for autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03974-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425

Volitional eye movement control and ADHD traits: a twin study / Monica SIQUEIROS SANCHEZ in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-12 (December 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-12 (December 2020) . - p.1309-1316 Titre : Volitional eye movement control and ADHD traits: a twin study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Monica SIQUEIROS SANCHEZ, Auteur ; Terje FALCK-YTTER, Auteur ; Daniel P KENNEDY, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Erik PETTERSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1309-1316 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  attention  behavioral genetics  executive function  eye movements  inhibition  oculomotor function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Top-down volitional command of eye movements may serve as a candidate endophenotype of ADHD, an important function underlying goal-directed action in everyday life. In this twin study, we examined the relation between performance on a response inhibition eye-tracking paradigm and parent-rated ADHD traits in a population-based twin sample. We hypothesized that altered eye movement control is associated with the severity of ADHD traits and that this association is attributable to genetic factors. METHODS: A total of 640 twins (320 pairs, 50% monozygotic) aged 9-14 years) from the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS) participated. Twins performed the antisaccade task indexing inhibitory alterations as either direction errors (following exogenous cues rather than instructions) or premature anticipatory eye movements (failure to wait for cues). We calculated the associations of eye movement control and ADHD traits using linear regression mixed-effects models and genetic and environmental influences with multivariate twin models. RESULTS: Premature anticipatory eye movements were positively associated with inattentive traits (? = .17; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.31), while controlling for hyperactive behaviors and other covariates. Both premature anticipatory eye movements and inattention were heritable (h(2)  = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.56; h(2)  = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.65; respectively), and their genetic correlation was small but statistically significant (r = .19, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.36). However, the genetic correlation did not remain significant after adjusting for covariates (age, sex, hyperactivity traits, IQ). No link was found between direction errors and ADHD traits. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that there is a specific, genetically influenced, relation between top-down eye movement control and the inattentive traits typical of ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13210 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=434 [article] Volitional eye movement control and ADHD traits: a twin study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Monica SIQUEIROS SANCHEZ, Auteur ; Terje FALCK-YTTER, Auteur ; Daniel P KENNEDY, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Erik PETTERSSON, Auteur . - p.1309-1316. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-12 (December 2020) . - p.1309-1316 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  attention  behavioral genetics  executive function  eye movements  inhibition  oculomotor function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Top-down volitional command of eye movements may serve as a candidate endophenotype of ADHD, an important function underlying goal-directed action in everyday life. In this twin study, we examined the relation between performance on a response inhibition eye-tracking paradigm and parent-rated ADHD traits in a population-based twin sample. We hypothesized that altered eye movement control is associated with the severity of ADHD traits and that this association is attributable to genetic factors. METHODS: A total of 640 twins (320 pairs, 50% monozygotic) aged 9-14 years) from the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS) participated. Twins performed the antisaccade task indexing inhibitory alterations as either direction errors (following exogenous cues rather than instructions) or premature anticipatory eye movements (failure to wait for cues). We calculated the associations of eye movement control and ADHD traits using linear regression mixed-effects models and genetic and environmental influences with multivariate twin models. RESULTS: Premature anticipatory eye movements were positively associated with inattentive traits (? = .17; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.31), while controlling for hyperactive behaviors and other covariates. Both premature anticipatory eye movements and inattention were heritable (h(2)  = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.56; h(2)  = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.65; respectively), and their genetic correlation was small but statistically significant (r = .19, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.36). However, the genetic correlation did not remain significant after adjusting for covariates (age, sex, hyperactivity traits, IQ). No link was found between direction errors and ADHD traits. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that there is a specific, genetically influenced, relation between top-down eye movement control and the inattentive traits typical of ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13210 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=434

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