Atypical Development of Attentional Control Associates with Later Adaptive Functioning, Autism and ADHD Traits / Alexandra HENDRY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-11 (November 2020) . - p.4085-4105 Titre : Atypical Development of Attentional Control Associates with Later Adaptive Functioning, Autism and ADHD Traits Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alexandra HENDRY, Auteur ; Emily J.H. JONES, Auteur ; Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; Linn ANDERSSON KONKE, Auteur ; Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Karin C. BROCKI, Auteur ; Ellen DEMURIE, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Mirjam K.J. PIJL, Auteur ; Herbert ROEYERS, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4085-4105 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adhd  Attention  Atypical development  Autism  Infant  Intermediate phenotype  lecturer for Shire/Takeda, Medice, Roche, Eli Lilly, Prima Psychiatry, and SB  Education and Psychological Consulting AB. He receives royalties for text books and  diagnostic tools from Huber/Hogrefe, Kohlhammer and UTB. Charman discloses that he  has served as a consultant to F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd and has received royalties  from Sage Publications and Guilford Publications. All other authors report no  conflict of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is frequently associated with difficulties with top-down attentional control, which impact on individuals' mental health and quality of life. The developmental processes involved in these attentional difficulties are not well understood. Using a data-driven approach, 2 samples (N = 294 and 412) of infants at elevated and typical likelihood of autism were grouped according to profiles of parent report of attention at 10, 15 and 25 months. In contrast to the normative profile of increases in attentional control scores between infancy and toddlerhood, a minority (7-9%) showed plateauing attentional control scores between 10 and 25 months. Consistent with pre-registered hypotheses, plateaued growth of attentional control was associated with elevated autism and ADHD traits, and lower adaptive functioning at age 3 years. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04465-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=432 [article] Atypical Development of Attentional Control Associates with Later Adaptive Functioning, Autism and ADHD Traits [texte imprimé] / Alexandra HENDRY, Auteur ; Emily J.H. JONES, Auteur ; Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; Linn ANDERSSON KONKE, Auteur ; Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Karin C. BROCKI, Auteur ; Ellen DEMURIE, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Mirjam K.J. PIJL, Auteur ; Herbert ROEYERS, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - p.4085-4105. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-11 (November 2020) . - p.4085-4105 Mots-clés : Adhd  Attention  Atypical development  Autism  Infant  Intermediate phenotype  lecturer for Shire/Takeda, Medice, Roche, Eli Lilly, Prima Psychiatry, and SB  Education and Psychological Consulting AB. He receives royalties for text books and  diagnostic tools from Huber/Hogrefe, Kohlhammer and UTB. Charman discloses that he  has served as a consultant to F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd and has received royalties  from Sage Publications and Guilford Publications. All other authors report no  conflict of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is frequently associated with difficulties with top-down attentional control, which impact on individuals' mental health and quality of life. The developmental processes involved in these attentional difficulties are not well understood. Using a data-driven approach, 2 samples (N = 294 and 412) of infants at elevated and typical likelihood of autism were grouped according to profiles of parent report of attention at 10, 15 and 25 months. In contrast to the normative profile of increases in attentional control scores between infancy and toddlerhood, a minority (7-9%) showed plateauing attentional control scores between 10 and 25 months. Consistent with pre-registered hypotheses, plateaued growth of attentional control was associated with elevated autism and ADHD traits, and lower adaptive functioning at age 3 years. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04465-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=432

Developmental change in look durations predicts later effortful control in toddlers at familial risk for ASD / Alexandra HENDRY in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 10-1 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 10-1 (December 2018) . - p.3 Titre : Developmental change in look durations predicts later effortful control in toddlers at familial risk for ASD Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alexandra HENDRY, Auteur ; Emily Jane Harrison JONES, Auteur ; Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; Teodora GLIGA, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark Henry JOHNSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asd  Autism  Development  Effortful control  Endogenous attention  Endophenotype  Executive attention  Executive function  Infant  Sibling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Difficulties with executive functioning (EF) are common in individuals with a range of developmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Interventions that target underlying mechanisms of EF early in development could be broadly beneficial, but require infant markers of such mechanisms in order to be feasible. Prospective studies of infants at high familial risk (HR) for ASD have revealed a surprising tendency for HR toddlers to show longer epochs of attention to faces than low-risk (LR) controls. In typical development, decreases in look durations towards the end of the first year of life are driven by the development of executive attention-a foundational component of EF. Here, we test the hypothesis that prolonged attention to visual stimuli (including faces) in HR toddlers reflects early differences in the development of executive attention. METHODS: In a longitudinal prospective study, we used eye-tracking to record HR and LR infants' looking behaviour to social and non-social visual stimuli at ages 9 and 15 months. At age 3 years, we assessed children with a battery of clinical research measures and collected parental report of effortful control (EC)-a temperament trait closely associated with EF and similarly contingent on executive attention. RESULTS: Consistent with previous studies, we found an attenuated reduction in peak look durations to faces between 9 and 15 months for the HR group compared with the LR group, and lower EC amongst the HR-ASD group. In line with our hypothesis, change in peak look duration to faces between 9 and 15 months was negatively associated with EC at age 3. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that for HR toddlers, disruption to the early development of executive attention results in an attenuated reduction in looking time to faces. Effects may be more apparent for faces due to early biases to orient towards them; further, attention difficulties may interact with earlier emerging differences in social information processing. Our finding that prolonged attention to faces may be an early indicator of disruption to the executive attention system is of potential value in screening for infants at risk for later EF difficulties and for evaluation of intervention outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9219-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=351 [article] Developmental change in look durations predicts later effortful control in toddlers at familial risk for ASD [texte imprimé] / Alexandra HENDRY, Auteur ; Emily Jane Harrison JONES, Auteur ; Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; Teodora GLIGA, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark Henry JOHNSON, Auteur . - p.3. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 10-1 (December 2018) . - p.3 Mots-clés : Asd  Autism  Development  Effortful control  Endogenous attention  Endophenotype  Executive attention  Executive function  Infant  Sibling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Difficulties with executive functioning (EF) are common in individuals with a range of developmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Interventions that target underlying mechanisms of EF early in development could be broadly beneficial, but require infant markers of such mechanisms in order to be feasible. Prospective studies of infants at high familial risk (HR) for ASD have revealed a surprising tendency for HR toddlers to show longer epochs of attention to faces than low-risk (LR) controls. In typical development, decreases in look durations towards the end of the first year of life are driven by the development of executive attention-a foundational component of EF. Here, we test the hypothesis that prolonged attention to visual stimuli (including faces) in HR toddlers reflects early differences in the development of executive attention. METHODS: In a longitudinal prospective study, we used eye-tracking to record HR and LR infants' looking behaviour to social and non-social visual stimuli at ages 9 and 15 months. At age 3 years, we assessed children with a battery of clinical research measures and collected parental report of effortful control (EC)-a temperament trait closely associated with EF and similarly contingent on executive attention. RESULTS: Consistent with previous studies, we found an attenuated reduction in peak look durations to faces between 9 and 15 months for the HR group compared with the LR group, and lower EC amongst the HR-ASD group. In line with our hypothesis, change in peak look duration to faces between 9 and 15 months was negatively associated with EC at age 3. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that for HR toddlers, disruption to the early development of executive attention results in an attenuated reduction in looking time to faces. Effects may be more apparent for faces due to early biases to orient towards them; further, attention difficulties may interact with earlier emerging differences in social information processing. Our finding that prolonged attention to faces may be an early indicator of disruption to the executive attention system is of potential value in screening for infants at risk for later EF difficulties and for evaluation of intervention outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9219-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=351

Infant regulatory function acts as a protective factor for later traits of autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder but not callous unemotional traits / Rachael BEDFORD in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 11-1 (December 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 11-1 (December 2019) . - 14 p. Titre : Infant regulatory function acts as a protective factor for later traits of autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder but not callous unemotional traits Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; Teodora GLIGA, Auteur ; Alexandra HENDRY, Auteur ; Emily Jane Harrison JONES, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark Henry JOHNSON, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur Article en page(s) : 14 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder  Autism spectrum disorder  Callous unemotional traits  Executive function  Infants at risk  Regulatory function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Reduced executive functions (EF) are commonly associated with developmental conditions (e.g., autism spectrum disorder, ASD; attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ADHD), although EF seems to be typical in children with callous unemotional (CU) traits. Regulatory function (RF) is a proposed infant precursor that maps on onto factors driving later EF. Here, we first test whether RF is specifically and negatively associated with ASD and ADHD traits, but not CU traits. Second, we test whether RF can act as a protective factor, by moderating the association between infant markers and subsequent ASD and ADHD traits. METHODS: Participants were 79 infants at high (N = 42) and low (N = 37) familial risk for ASD. Data come from the 14-month infant visit (Autism Observational Scale for Infants; AOSI; activity level and RF from the Infant Behavior Questionnaire; IBQ) and the 7-year visit (ASD traits: Social Responsiveness Scale, SRS; ADHD traits: Conners 3, CU traits: Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits). RESULTS: Infant RF was negatively associated with later traits of ASD (B = - 0.5, p = 0.01) and ADHD inattention (B = - 0.24, p = 0.02) but not hyperactivity (B = - 0.25, p = 0.10) or CU traits (B = 0.02, p = 0.86). RF moderated the association between infant AOSI score and ASD traits, with a significant effect in those with low RF (B = 0.10, p = 0.006), not high RF (B = 0.01, p = 0.78). Similarly, for ADHD, infant activity level was associated with later ADHD inattention in those with low (B = 0.17, p = 0.04) but not high RF (B = 0.07, p = 0.48). For ADHD hyperactivity symptoms, activity level was predictive at both high and low levels of RF. CONCLUSIONS: Strong RF may allow children to compensate for other atypicalities, thus attenuating the association between infant markers and later disorder traits. Whilst infant RF was associated with both ASD and ADHD inattention traits, there was no association with ADHD hyperactivity or CU traits. This suggests that any protective effect may not be universal and emphasises the need for a better understanding of the underlying moderating mechanisms. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-019-9274-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=409 [article] Infant regulatory function acts as a protective factor for later traits of autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder but not callous unemotional traits [texte imprimé] / Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; Teodora GLIGA, Auteur ; Alexandra HENDRY, Auteur ; Emily Jane Harrison JONES, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark Henry JOHNSON, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur . - 14 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 11-1 (December 2019) . - 14 p. Mots-clés : Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder  Autism spectrum disorder  Callous unemotional traits  Executive function  Infants at risk  Regulatory function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Reduced executive functions (EF) are commonly associated with developmental conditions (e.g., autism spectrum disorder, ASD; attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ADHD), although EF seems to be typical in children with callous unemotional (CU) traits. Regulatory function (RF) is a proposed infant precursor that maps on onto factors driving later EF. Here, we first test whether RF is specifically and negatively associated with ASD and ADHD traits, but not CU traits. Second, we test whether RF can act as a protective factor, by moderating the association between infant markers and subsequent ASD and ADHD traits. METHODS: Participants were 79 infants at high (N = 42) and low (N = 37) familial risk for ASD. Data come from the 14-month infant visit (Autism Observational Scale for Infants; AOSI; activity level and RF from the Infant Behavior Questionnaire; IBQ) and the 7-year visit (ASD traits: Social Responsiveness Scale, SRS; ADHD traits: Conners 3, CU traits: Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits). RESULTS: Infant RF was negatively associated with later traits of ASD (B = - 0.5, p = 0.01) and ADHD inattention (B = - 0.24, p = 0.02) but not hyperactivity (B = - 0.25, p = 0.10) or CU traits (B = 0.02, p = 0.86). RF moderated the association between infant AOSI score and ASD traits, with a significant effect in those with low RF (B = 0.10, p = 0.006), not high RF (B = 0.01, p = 0.78). Similarly, for ADHD, infant activity level was associated with later ADHD inattention in those with low (B = 0.17, p = 0.04) but not high RF (B = 0.07, p = 0.48). For ADHD hyperactivity symptoms, activity level was predictive at both high and low levels of RF. CONCLUSIONS: Strong RF may allow children to compensate for other atypicalities, thus attenuating the association between infant markers and later disorder traits. Whilst infant RF was associated with both ASD and ADHD inattention traits, there was no association with ADHD hyperactivity or CU traits. This suggests that any protective effect may not be universal and emphasises the need for a better understanding of the underlying moderating mechanisms. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-019-9274-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=409

Look duration at the face as a developmental endophenotype: elucidating pathways to autism and ADHD / Anna GUI in Development and Psychopathology, 32-4 (October 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 32-4 (October 2020) . - p.1303-1322 Titre : Look duration at the face as a developmental endophenotype: elucidating pathways to autism and ADHD Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anna GUI, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Teodora GLIGA, Auteur ; Alexandra HENDRY, Auteur ; Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Elizabeth SHEPHARD, Auteur ; Charles CURTIS, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emma MEABURN, Auteur ; Emily J.H. JONES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1303-1322 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention  endophenotypes  eye-tracking  infant siblings  polygenic score Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Identifying developmental endophenotypes on the pathway between genetics and behavior is critical to uncovering the mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental conditions. In this proof-of-principle study, we explored whether early disruptions in visual attention are a unique or shared candidate endophenotype of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We calculated the duration of the longest look (i.e., peak look) to faces in an array-based eye-tracking task for 335 14-month-old infants with and without first-degree relatives with ASD and/or ADHD. We leveraged parent-report and genotype data available for a proportion of these infants to evaluate the relation of looking behavior to familial (n = 285) and genetic liability (using polygenic scores, n = 185) as well as ASD and ADHD-relevant temperament traits at 2 years of age (shyness and inhibitory control, respectively, n = 272) and ASD and ADHD clinical traits at 6 years of age (n = 94).Results showed that longer peak looks at the face were associated with elevated polygenic scores for ADHD (β = 0.078, p = .023), but not ASD (β = 0.002, p = .944), and with elevated ADHD traits in mid-childhood (F(1,88) = 6.401, p = .013, $\eta _p^2$=0.068; ASD: F (1,88) = 3.218, p = .076), but not in toddlerhood (ps > 0.2). This pattern of results did not emerge when considering mean peak look duration across face and nonface stimuli. Thus, alterations in attention to faces during spontaneous visual exploration may be more consistent with a developmental endophenotype of ADHD than ASD. Our work shows that dissecting paths to neurodevelopmental conditions requires longitudinal data incorporating polygenic contribution, early neurocognitive function, and clinical phenotypic variation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420000930 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Look duration at the face as a developmental endophenotype: elucidating pathways to autism and ADHD [texte imprimé] / Anna GUI, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Teodora GLIGA, Auteur ; Alexandra HENDRY, Auteur ; Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Elizabeth SHEPHARD, Auteur ; Charles CURTIS, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emma MEABURN, Auteur ; Emily J.H. JONES, Auteur . - p.1303-1322. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 32-4 (October 2020) . - p.1303-1322 Mots-clés : attention  endophenotypes  eye-tracking  infant siblings  polygenic score Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Identifying developmental endophenotypes on the pathway between genetics and behavior is critical to uncovering the mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental conditions. In this proof-of-principle study, we explored whether early disruptions in visual attention are a unique or shared candidate endophenotype of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We calculated the duration of the longest look (i.e., peak look) to faces in an array-based eye-tracking task for 335 14-month-old infants with and without first-degree relatives with ASD and/or ADHD. We leveraged parent-report and genotype data available for a proportion of these infants to evaluate the relation of looking behavior to familial (n = 285) and genetic liability (using polygenic scores, n = 185) as well as ASD and ADHD-relevant temperament traits at 2 years of age (shyness and inhibitory control, respectively, n = 272) and ASD and ADHD clinical traits at 6 years of age (n = 94).Results showed that longer peak looks at the face were associated with elevated polygenic scores for ADHD (β = 0.078, p = .023), but not ASD (β = 0.002, p = .944), and with elevated ADHD traits in mid-childhood (F(1,88) = 6.401, p = .013, $\eta _p^2$=0.068; ASD: F (1,88) = 3.218, p = .076), but not in toddlerhood (ps > 0.2). This pattern of results did not emerge when considering mean peak look duration across face and nonface stimuli. Thus, alterations in attention to faces during spontaneous visual exploration may be more consistent with a developmental endophenotype of ADHD than ASD. Our work shows that dissecting paths to neurodevelopmental conditions requires longitudinal data incorporating polygenic contribution, early neurocognitive function, and clinical phenotypic variation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420000930 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

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