Delineating the autistic phenotype in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 / A. K. CHISHOLM in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 3p. Titre : Delineating the autistic phenotype in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. K. CHISHOLM, Auteur ; K. M. HAEBICH, Auteur ; N. A. PRIDE, Auteur ; K. S. WALSH, Auteur ; F. LAMI, Auteur ; A. URE, Auteur ; T. MALOOF, Auteur ; Amanda BRIGNELL, Auteur ; M. ROUEL, Auteur ; Y. GRANADER, Auteur ; A. MAIER, Auteur ; B. BARTON, Auteur ; H. DARKE, Auteur ; G. DABSCHECK, Auteur ; V. A. ANDERSON, Auteur ; K. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; K. N. NORTH, Auteur ; J. M. PAYNE, Auteur Article en page(s) : 3p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R)  Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition (ADOS-2)  Autistic behaviours  Neurofibromatosis type 1 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Existing research has demonstrated elevated autistic behaviours in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), but the autistic phenotype and its relationship to other neurodevelopmental manifestations of NF1 remains unclear. To address this gap, we performed detailed characterisation of autistic behaviours in children with NF1 and investigated their association with other common NF1 child characteristics. METHODS: Participants were drawn from a larger cross-sectional study examining autism in children with NF1. The population analysed in this study scored above threshold on the Social Responsiveness Scale-Second Edition (T-score???60; 51% larger cohort) and completed the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and/or the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition (ADOS-2). All participants underwent evaluation of their intellectual function, and behavioural data were collected via parent questionnaires. RESULTS: The study cohort comprised 68 children (3-15 years). Sixty-three per cent met the ADOS-2 'autism spectrum' cut-off, and 34% exceeded the more stringent threshold for 'autistic disorder' on the ADI-R. Social communication symptoms were common and wide-ranging, while restricted and repetitive behaviours (RRBs) were most commonly characterised by 'insistence on sameness' (IS) behaviours such as circumscribed interests and difficulties with minor changes. Autistic behaviours were weakly correlated with hyperactive/impulsive attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms but not with inattentive ADHD or other behavioural characteristics. Language and verbal IQ were weakly related to social communication behaviours but not to RRBs. LIMITATIONS: Lack of genetic validation of NF1, no clinical diagnosis of autism, and a retrospective assessment of autistic behaviours in early childhood. CONCLUSIONS: Findings provide strong support for elevated autistic behaviours in children with NF1. While these behaviours were relatively independent of other NF1 comorbidities, the importance of taking broader child characteristics into consideration when interpreting data from autism-specific measures in this population is highlighted. Social communication deficits appear similar to those observed in idiopathic autism and are coupled with a unique RRB profile comprising prominent IS behaviours. This autistic phenotype and its relationship to common NF1 comorbidities such as anxiety and executive dysfunction will be important to examine in future research. Current findings have important implications for the early identification of autism in NF1 and clinical management. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00481-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459 [article] Delineating the autistic phenotype in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. K. CHISHOLM, Auteur ; K. M. HAEBICH, Auteur ; N. A. PRIDE, Auteur ; K. S. WALSH, Auteur ; F. LAMI, Auteur ; A. URE, Auteur ; T. MALOOF, Auteur ; Amanda BRIGNELL, Auteur ; M. ROUEL, Auteur ; Y. GRANADER, Auteur ; A. MAIER, Auteur ; B. BARTON, Auteur ; H. DARKE, Auteur ; G. DABSCHECK, Auteur ; V. A. ANDERSON, Auteur ; K. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; K. N. NORTH, Auteur ; J. M. PAYNE, Auteur . - 3p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 3p. Mots-clés : Autism  Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R)  Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition (ADOS-2)  Autistic behaviours  Neurofibromatosis type 1 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Existing research has demonstrated elevated autistic behaviours in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), but the autistic phenotype and its relationship to other neurodevelopmental manifestations of NF1 remains unclear. To address this gap, we performed detailed characterisation of autistic behaviours in children with NF1 and investigated their association with other common NF1 child characteristics. METHODS: Participants were drawn from a larger cross-sectional study examining autism in children with NF1. The population analysed in this study scored above threshold on the Social Responsiveness Scale-Second Edition (T-score???60; 51% larger cohort) and completed the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and/or the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition (ADOS-2). All participants underwent evaluation of their intellectual function, and behavioural data were collected via parent questionnaires. RESULTS: The study cohort comprised 68 children (3-15 years). Sixty-three per cent met the ADOS-2 'autism spectrum' cut-off, and 34% exceeded the more stringent threshold for 'autistic disorder' on the ADI-R. Social communication symptoms were common and wide-ranging, while restricted and repetitive behaviours (RRBs) were most commonly characterised by 'insistence on sameness' (IS) behaviours such as circumscribed interests and difficulties with minor changes. Autistic behaviours were weakly correlated with hyperactive/impulsive attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms but not with inattentive ADHD or other behavioural characteristics. Language and verbal IQ were weakly related to social communication behaviours but not to RRBs. LIMITATIONS: Lack of genetic validation of NF1, no clinical diagnosis of autism, and a retrospective assessment of autistic behaviours in early childhood. CONCLUSIONS: Findings provide strong support for elevated autistic behaviours in children with NF1. While these behaviours were relatively independent of other NF1 comorbidities, the importance of taking broader child characteristics into consideration when interpreting data from autism-specific measures in this population is highlighted. Social communication deficits appear similar to those observed in idiopathic autism and are coupled with a unique RRB profile comprising prominent IS behaviours. This autistic phenotype and its relationship to common NF1 comorbidities such as anxiety and executive dysfunction will be important to examine in future research. Current findings have important implications for the early identification of autism in NF1 and clinical management. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00481-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459

Executive function mediates the prospective association between neurostructural differences within the central executive network and anti-social behavior after childhood traumatic brain injury / N. P. RYAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-9 (September 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-9 (September 2021) . - p.1150-1161 Titre : Executive function mediates the prospective association between neurostructural differences within the central executive network and anti-social behavior after childhood traumatic brain injury Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : N. P. RYAN, Auteur ; C. CATROPPA, Auteur ; N. HUGHES, Auteur ; F. L. PAINTER, Auteur ; S. HEARPS, Auteur ; M. H. BEAUCHAMP, Auteur ; V. A. ANDERSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1150-1161 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Brain/diagnostic imaging  Brain Injuries, Traumatic/diagnostic imaging  Child  Executive Function  Humans  Longitudinal Studies  Prospective Studies  Anti-social behavior  aggression  childhood traumatic brain injury  longitudinal design  structural MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Despite increasing evidence of a link between early life brain injury and anti-social behavior, very few studies have assessed factors that explain this association in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI). One hypothesis suggests that childhood TBI elevates risk for anti-social behavior via disruption to anatomically distributed neural networks implicated in executive functioning (EF). In this longitudinal prospective study, we employed high-resolution structural neuroimaging to (a) evaluate the impact of childhood TBI on regional morphometry of the central executive network (CEN) and (b) evaluate the prediction that lower EF mediates the prospective relationship between structural differences within the CEN and postinjury anti-social behaviors. METHODS: This study involved 155 children, including 112 consecutively recruited, hospital-confirmed cases of mild-severe TBI and 43 typically developing control (TDC) children. T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences were acquired sub-acutely in a subset of 137 children [TBI: n = 103; TDC: n = 34]. All participants were evaluated using direct assessment of EF 6 months postinjury, and parents provided ratings of anti-social behavior 12 months postinjury. RESULTS: Severe TBI was associated with postinjury volumetric differences within the CEN and its putative hub regions. When compared with TD controls, the TBI group had significantly worse EF, which was associated with more frequent anti-social behaviors and abnormal CEN morphometry. Mediation analysis indicated that reduced EF mediated the prospective association between postinjury volumetric differences within the CEN and more frequent anti-social behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Our longitudinal prospective findings suggest that detection of neurostructural abnormalities within the CEN may aid in the early identification of children at elevated risk for postinjury executive dysfunction, which may in turn contribute to chronic anti-social behaviors after early life brain injury. Findings underscore the potential value of early surveillance and preventive measures for children presenting with neurostructural and/or neurocognitive risk factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13385 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456 [article] Executive function mediates the prospective association between neurostructural differences within the central executive network and anti-social behavior after childhood traumatic brain injury [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / N. P. RYAN, Auteur ; C. CATROPPA, Auteur ; N. HUGHES, Auteur ; F. L. PAINTER, Auteur ; S. HEARPS, Auteur ; M. H. BEAUCHAMP, Auteur ; V. A. ANDERSON, Auteur . - p.1150-1161. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-9 (September 2021) . - p.1150-1161 Mots-clés : Brain/diagnostic imaging  Brain Injuries, Traumatic/diagnostic imaging  Child  Executive Function  Humans  Longitudinal Studies  Prospective Studies  Anti-social behavior  aggression  childhood traumatic brain injury  longitudinal design  structural MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Despite increasing evidence of a link between early life brain injury and anti-social behavior, very few studies have assessed factors that explain this association in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI). One hypothesis suggests that childhood TBI elevates risk for anti-social behavior via disruption to anatomically distributed neural networks implicated in executive functioning (EF). In this longitudinal prospective study, we employed high-resolution structural neuroimaging to (a) evaluate the impact of childhood TBI on regional morphometry of the central executive network (CEN) and (b) evaluate the prediction that lower EF mediates the prospective relationship between structural differences within the CEN and postinjury anti-social behaviors. METHODS: This study involved 155 children, including 112 consecutively recruited, hospital-confirmed cases of mild-severe TBI and 43 typically developing control (TDC) children. T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences were acquired sub-acutely in a subset of 137 children [TBI: n = 103; TDC: n = 34]. All participants were evaluated using direct assessment of EF 6 months postinjury, and parents provided ratings of anti-social behavior 12 months postinjury. RESULTS: Severe TBI was associated with postinjury volumetric differences within the CEN and its putative hub regions. When compared with TD controls, the TBI group had significantly worse EF, which was associated with more frequent anti-social behaviors and abnormal CEN morphometry. Mediation analysis indicated that reduced EF mediated the prospective association between postinjury volumetric differences within the CEN and more frequent anti-social behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Our longitudinal prospective findings suggest that detection of neurostructural abnormalities within the CEN may aid in the early identification of children at elevated risk for postinjury executive dysfunction, which may in turn contribute to chronic anti-social behaviors after early life brain injury. Findings underscore the potential value of early surveillance and preventive measures for children presenting with neurostructural and/or neurocognitive risk factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13385 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456

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