Chinese children with autism: A multiple chemical elements profile in erythrocytes / Jieling WU in Autism Research, 11-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.834-845 Titre : Chinese children with autism: A multiple chemical elements profile in erythrocytes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jieling WU, Auteur ; Duo-Jian LIU, Auteur ; Xiao-Jing SHOU, Auteur ; Ji-Shui ZHANG, Auteur ; Fanchao MENG, Auteur ; Ya-Qiong LIU, Auteur ; Song-Ping HAN, Auteur ; Rujun ZHANG, Auteur ; J.Z. JIA, Auteur ; Jing-Yu WANG, Auteur ; J.S. HAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.834-845 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asd  Cars  autism  erythrocyte  essential minerals  multi-elements  rare earth elements  toxic metals Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Several lines of evidence suggested that abnormal levels of certain chemical elements may contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The present work aimed to investigate the multiple chemical elements profile in the erythrocytes of autistic versus typically developing children (TDC) of China. Analyses were carried out to explore the possible association between levels of elements and the risk as well as the severity of ASD. Erythrocyte levels of 11 elements (32%) among 34 detected elements in autistic group were significantly different from those in the TDC group. To our knowledge, this is the first study which compared the levels of rare earth elements in erythrocytes between children with or without ASD. Five elements including Pb, Na, Ca, Sb, and La are associated with the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) total score. Also, a series of tendencies were found in this research which was believed to affect auditory response, taste, smell, and touch, as well as fear or nervousness. It can be concluded that Chinese autistic children suffer from multi-chemical element imbalances which involves a complex combination of genetic and environmental factors. The results showed a significant correlation between abnormal levels of several chemical elements and the severity of the autistic syndrome. LAY SUMMARY: It is suggested that abnormal levels of some chemical elements may contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In this work, the impact of element imbalances on the risk and severity of ASD was investigated, focusing on the analysis of abnormal levels of the multi-chemical elements profile in erythrocytes compared with typically developing children. Furthermore, the results showed a significant correlation between abnormal levels of several chemical elements and the severity of the autistic syndrome. Autism Res 2018, 11: 834-845. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1949 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] Chinese children with autism: A multiple chemical elements profile in erythrocytes [texte imprimé] / Jieling WU, Auteur ; Duo-Jian LIU, Auteur ; Xiao-Jing SHOU, Auteur ; Ji-Shui ZHANG, Auteur ; Fanchao MENG, Auteur ; Ya-Qiong LIU, Auteur ; Song-Ping HAN, Auteur ; Rujun ZHANG, Auteur ; J.Z. JIA, Auteur ; Jing-Yu WANG, Auteur ; J.S. HAN, Auteur . - p.834-845. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.834-845 Mots-clés : Asd  Cars  autism  erythrocyte  essential minerals  multi-elements  rare earth elements  toxic metals Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Several lines of evidence suggested that abnormal levels of certain chemical elements may contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The present work aimed to investigate the multiple chemical elements profile in the erythrocytes of autistic versus typically developing children (TDC) of China. Analyses were carried out to explore the possible association between levels of elements and the risk as well as the severity of ASD. Erythrocyte levels of 11 elements (32%) among 34 detected elements in autistic group were significantly different from those in the TDC group. To our knowledge, this is the first study which compared the levels of rare earth elements in erythrocytes between children with or without ASD. Five elements including Pb, Na, Ca, Sb, and La are associated with the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) total score. Also, a series of tendencies were found in this research which was believed to affect auditory response, taste, smell, and touch, as well as fear or nervousness. It can be concluded that Chinese autistic children suffer from multi-chemical element imbalances which involves a complex combination of genetic and environmental factors. The results showed a significant correlation between abnormal levels of several chemical elements and the severity of the autistic syndrome. LAY SUMMARY: It is suggested that abnormal levels of some chemical elements may contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In this work, the impact of element imbalances on the risk and severity of ASD was investigated, focusing on the analysis of abnormal levels of the multi-chemical elements profile in erythrocytes compared with typically developing children. Furthermore, the results showed a significant correlation between abnormal levels of several chemical elements and the severity of the autistic syndrome. Autism Res 2018, 11: 834-845. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1949 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

The salience of competing nonsocial objects reduces gaze toward social stimuli, but not the eyes, more in typically developing than autistic boys / Xiao-E. CAI in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1043-1055 Titre : The salience of competing nonsocial objects reduces gaze toward social stimuli, but not the eyes, more in typically developing than autistic boys Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xiao-E. CAI, Auteur ; Jiao LE, Auteur ; Xiao-Jing SHOU, Auteur ; Gao-Wa WU-YUN, Auteur ; Xiao-Xi WANG, Auteur ; Song-Ping HAN, Auteur ; Ji-Sheng HAN, Auteur ; Keith M. KENDRICK, Auteur ; Rong ZHANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1043-1055 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Autistic Disorder  Child  Child, Preschool  Eye Movements  Eye-Tracking Technology  Humans  Male  Oxytocin  arginine-vasopressin  autism spectrum disorder  eye-tracking  salience Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Decreased attention to social information is considered an early emerging symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), although the underlying causes remain controversial. Here we explored the impact of nonsocial object salience on reduced attention to social stimuli in male ASD compared with typically developing (TD) children. Correlations with blood concentrations of neuropeptides linked with social cognition were also investigated. Eye-tracking was performed in 102 preschool-aged boys (50 ASD, 52 TD) using a paradigm with social (faces) versus nonsocial (objects) stimuli presented in pairs in two conditions where nonsocial stimulus salience was varied. Basal oxytocin (OXT) and vasopressin concentrations were measured in blood. Compared with TD boys those with ASD viewed social stimuli less only when they were paired with low-salience nonsocial objects. Additionally, boys with ASD spent less time than TD ones viewing facial features, particularly the eyes. In TD boys, OXT concentrations and cognitive development scores were positively associated with time spent viewing the eye region, whereas for boys with ASD associations with time spent viewing faces were negative. Reduced gaze toward social stimuli in ASD relative to TD individuals may therefore be influenced by how salient the paired nonsocial objects are for the latter. On the other hand, reduced interest in the eyes of faces in boys with ASD is not influenced by how salient competing nonsocial stimuli are. Basal OXT concentrations and cognitive development scores are predictive of time spent viewing social stimuli in TD boys (eyes) and those with ASD (faces) but in the opposite direction. LAY SUMMARY: Children with autism exhibit reduced attention to social paired with nonsocial stimuli compared to typically developing children. Using eye-tracking we show this difference is due to typically developing rather than autistic boys being more influenced by how interesting competing nonsocial objects are. On the other hand, reduced time looking at the eyes in autistic relative to typically developing boys is unaffected by nonsocial object salience. Time spent viewing social stimuli is associated with cognitive development and blood levels of oxytocin. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2714 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] The salience of competing nonsocial objects reduces gaze toward social stimuli, but not the eyes, more in typically developing than autistic boys [texte imprimé] / Xiao-E. CAI, Auteur ; Jiao LE, Auteur ; Xiao-Jing SHOU, Auteur ; Gao-Wa WU-YUN, Auteur ; Xiao-Xi WANG, Auteur ; Song-Ping HAN, Auteur ; Ji-Sheng HAN, Auteur ; Keith M. KENDRICK, Auteur ; Rong ZHANG, Auteur . - p.1043-1055. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1043-1055 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Autistic Disorder  Child  Child, Preschool  Eye Movements  Eye-Tracking Technology  Humans  Male  Oxytocin  arginine-vasopressin  autism spectrum disorder  eye-tracking  salience Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Decreased attention to social information is considered an early emerging symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), although the underlying causes remain controversial. Here we explored the impact of nonsocial object salience on reduced attention to social stimuli in male ASD compared with typically developing (TD) children. Correlations with blood concentrations of neuropeptides linked with social cognition were also investigated. Eye-tracking was performed in 102 preschool-aged boys (50 ASD, 52 TD) using a paradigm with social (faces) versus nonsocial (objects) stimuli presented in pairs in two conditions where nonsocial stimulus salience was varied. Basal oxytocin (OXT) and vasopressin concentrations were measured in blood. Compared with TD boys those with ASD viewed social stimuli less only when they were paired with low-salience nonsocial objects. Additionally, boys with ASD spent less time than TD ones viewing facial features, particularly the eyes. In TD boys, OXT concentrations and cognitive development scores were positively associated with time spent viewing the eye region, whereas for boys with ASD associations with time spent viewing faces were negative. Reduced gaze toward social stimuli in ASD relative to TD individuals may therefore be influenced by how salient the paired nonsocial objects are for the latter. On the other hand, reduced interest in the eyes of faces in boys with ASD is not influenced by how salient competing nonsocial stimuli are. Basal OXT concentrations and cognitive development scores are predictive of time spent viewing social stimuli in TD boys (eyes) and those with ASD (faces) but in the opposite direction. LAY SUMMARY: Children with autism exhibit reduced attention to social paired with nonsocial stimuli compared to typically developing children. Using eye-tracking we show this difference is due to typically developing rather than autistic boys being more influenced by how interesting competing nonsocial objects are. On the other hand, reduced time looking at the eyes in autistic relative to typically developing boys is unaffected by nonsocial object salience. Time spent viewing social stimuli is associated with cognitive development and blood levels of oxytocin. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2714 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

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