Autism epidemiology in Hong Kong children and youths aged 6–17: Implications on autism screening and sex differences in the community / Oscar WH WONG in Autism, 29-11 (November 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 29-11 (November 2025) . - p.2872-2884 Titre : Autism epidemiology in Hong Kong children and youths aged 6–17: Implications on autism screening and sex differences in the community Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Oscar WH WONG, Auteur ; Sandra SM CHAN, Auteur ; Steven WH CHAU, Auteur ; Winnie CW CHU, Auteur ; Carol SW HO, Auteur ; Stephy WS HO, Auteur ; Se Fong HUNG, Auteur ; Samara HUSSAIN, Auteur ; Kelly YC LAI, Auteur ; Angela MW LAM, Auteur ; Holly HL LO, Auteur ; Karen KY MA, Auteur ; Suk Ling MA, Auteur ; Flora YM MO, Auteur ; Pak Chung SHAM, Auteur ; Caroline KS SHEA, Auteur ; Suzanne HW SO, Auteur ; Kelvin KF TSOI, Auteur ; Patrick Wl LEUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2872-2884 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asian  autism  epidemiology  prevalence  screening  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Epidemiological studies on autism lack representation from Asia. We estimated the prevalence of autism among children and youths in Hong Kong using a two-stage approach. In addition, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the screening instrument and explored sex differences within an epidemiological context. A random school-based sample of 5,865 children and youths were screened with the Autism Spectrum Quotient-10 (AQ-10). Then, a subsample of 317 participants underwent the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised assessment. Prevalence was estimated by applying positive and negative predictive values (PPV/NPV) of AQ-10 derived from the subsample to the entire cohort. None of the screened negative participants had autism, resulting in an NPV of 100%. Discrepant PPVs were noted for males (20.4%) and females (5.20%). The estimated prevalence was 2.57% using sex-specific PPVs. Explorative analysis on AQ-10 Positive participants without the diagnosis (i.e. ‘false positives’) showed significantly elevated autistic symptoms. The prevalence of autism in Hong Kong is comparable to the recent estimates in Western countries, which poses a significant public health challenge. Despite the high false-positive rates, AQ-10 remains valuable for excluding autism and identifying those with autistic symptoms. Furthermore, community-based studies are crucial to address sex differences in autism expression.Lay abstract Although studies have found that autism is becoming more common, little is known whether this is true in Asian countries. This study looked into how many children and teenagers in Hong Kong might have autism. We first screened 5,865 school-aged children and youths with the Autism Spectrum Quotient-10 (AQ-10). Then, we conducted in-depth interviews with 317 of them to assess for autism. We found that around 2.57% of children and youths aged 6–17 years in Hong Kong might have autism. This number is similar to that of the Western countries. Furthermore, we also discovered that boys who were screened positive on the AQ-10 were more likely to have autism than girls. This could be because autism is more common in boys, and the AQ-10 might be better at spotting autism in boys than in girls. In the future, studies will need to find an optimal way of detecting autism in the community, considering how autism may present differently in boys and girls. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251360269 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=570 [article] Autism epidemiology in Hong Kong children and youths aged 6–17: Implications on autism screening and sex differences in the community [texte imprimé] / Oscar WH WONG, Auteur ; Sandra SM CHAN, Auteur ; Steven WH CHAU, Auteur ; Winnie CW CHU, Auteur ; Carol SW HO, Auteur ; Stephy WS HO, Auteur ; Se Fong HUNG, Auteur ; Samara HUSSAIN, Auteur ; Kelly YC LAI, Auteur ; Angela MW LAM, Auteur ; Holly HL LO, Auteur ; Karen KY MA, Auteur ; Suk Ling MA, Auteur ; Flora YM MO, Auteur ; Pak Chung SHAM, Auteur ; Caroline KS SHEA, Auteur ; Suzanne HW SO, Auteur ; Kelvin KF TSOI, Auteur ; Patrick Wl LEUNG, Auteur . - p.2872-2884. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 29-11 (November 2025) . - p.2872-2884 Mots-clés : Asian  autism  epidemiology  prevalence  screening  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Epidemiological studies on autism lack representation from Asia. We estimated the prevalence of autism among children and youths in Hong Kong using a two-stage approach. In addition, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the screening instrument and explored sex differences within an epidemiological context. A random school-based sample of 5,865 children and youths were screened with the Autism Spectrum Quotient-10 (AQ-10). Then, a subsample of 317 participants underwent the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised assessment. Prevalence was estimated by applying positive and negative predictive values (PPV/NPV) of AQ-10 derived from the subsample to the entire cohort. None of the screened negative participants had autism, resulting in an NPV of 100%. Discrepant PPVs were noted for males (20.4%) and females (5.20%). The estimated prevalence was 2.57% using sex-specific PPVs. Explorative analysis on AQ-10 Positive participants without the diagnosis (i.e. ‘false positives’) showed significantly elevated autistic symptoms. The prevalence of autism in Hong Kong is comparable to the recent estimates in Western countries, which poses a significant public health challenge. Despite the high false-positive rates, AQ-10 remains valuable for excluding autism and identifying those with autistic symptoms. Furthermore, community-based studies are crucial to address sex differences in autism expression.Lay abstract Although studies have found that autism is becoming more common, little is known whether this is true in Asian countries. This study looked into how many children and teenagers in Hong Kong might have autism. We first screened 5,865 school-aged children and youths with the Autism Spectrum Quotient-10 (AQ-10). Then, we conducted in-depth interviews with 317 of them to assess for autism. We found that around 2.57% of children and youths aged 6–17 years in Hong Kong might have autism. This number is similar to that of the Western countries. Furthermore, we also discovered that boys who were screened positive on the AQ-10 were more likely to have autism than girls. This could be because autism is more common in boys, and the AQ-10 might be better at spotting autism in boys than in girls. In the future, studies will need to find an optimal way of detecting autism in the community, considering how autism may present differently in boys and girls. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251360269 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=570

Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Child and Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Adolescent in Chinese population: Screening autism spectrum disorder against attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and typically developing peers / Patsy Ps WONG in Autism, 26-7 (October 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 26-7 (October 2022) . - p.1913-1923 Titre : Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Child and Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Adolescent in Chinese population: Screening autism spectrum disorder against attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and typically developing peers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Patsy Ps WONG, Auteur ; Veronica Cm WAI, Auteur ; Raymond W. S. CHAN, Auteur ; Cecilia Nw LEUNG, Auteur ; Patrick Wl LEUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1913-1923 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autistic Disorder  China  Humans  Surveys and Questionnaires  Chinese  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  autism spectrum quotient  children/adolescents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism-Spectrum Quotient is a 50-item questionnaire developed to assess autistic symptoms in adults, adolescents and children. Its original version and others in different countries are known to be effective tools in identifying individuals with autism spectrum disorder. This study examined whether the Hong Kong Chinese versions of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Child and Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Adolescent were effective in identifying autism spectrum disorder children and adolescents. On top of comparing them with their typically developing peers, this study also included a group of children/adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, a disorder with similar social difficulties as autism spectrum disorder. Results showed that both the Autism-Spectrum Quotient questionnaires were effective in differentiating the autism spectrum disorder group from the typically developing and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder groups, separately and jointly. On the contrary, they could not identify the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group from the typically developing group so that they were not misclassifying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder as autism spectrum disorder. These findings supported that both the Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Child and Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Adolescent were not general measures of child and adolescent psychopathology, but could claim to be specific measures of autism spectrum disorder. Such capability would enormously enhance their utility in clinical practice for identifying autism spectrum disorder children/adolescents from their typically developing peers and from those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. This is because, the latter is a common neurodevelopmental disorder frequently presented to child psychiatric clinics alongside with autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211003740 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=484 [article] Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Child and Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Adolescent in Chinese population: Screening autism spectrum disorder against attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and typically developing peers [texte imprimé] / Patsy Ps WONG, Auteur ; Veronica Cm WAI, Auteur ; Raymond W. S. CHAN, Auteur ; Cecilia Nw LEUNG, Auteur ; Patrick Wl LEUNG, Auteur . - p.1913-1923. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 26-7 (October 2022) . - p.1913-1923 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autistic Disorder  China  Humans  Surveys and Questionnaires  Chinese  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  autism spectrum quotient  children/adolescents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism-Spectrum Quotient is a 50-item questionnaire developed to assess autistic symptoms in adults, adolescents and children. Its original version and others in different countries are known to be effective tools in identifying individuals with autism spectrum disorder. This study examined whether the Hong Kong Chinese versions of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Child and Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Adolescent were effective in identifying autism spectrum disorder children and adolescents. On top of comparing them with their typically developing peers, this study also included a group of children/adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, a disorder with similar social difficulties as autism spectrum disorder. Results showed that both the Autism-Spectrum Quotient questionnaires were effective in differentiating the autism spectrum disorder group from the typically developing and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder groups, separately and jointly. On the contrary, they could not identify the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group from the typically developing group so that they were not misclassifying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder as autism spectrum disorder. These findings supported that both the Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Child and Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Adolescent were not general measures of child and adolescent psychopathology, but could claim to be specific measures of autism spectrum disorder. Such capability would enormously enhance their utility in clinical practice for identifying autism spectrum disorder children/adolescents from their typically developing peers and from those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. This is because, the latter is a common neurodevelopmental disorder frequently presented to child psychiatric clinics alongside with autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211003740 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=484

Prevalence of autism in first-episode psychosis in two Hong Kong teaching hospitals / Melody M. Y. CHAN ; Flora YM MO ; Se-fong HUNG ; Patrick Wl LEUNG ; Kelly YC LAI ; Caroline KS SHEA in Autism, 28-9 (September 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-9 (September 2024) . - p.2412-2421 Titre : Prevalence of autism in first-episode psychosis in two Hong Kong teaching hospitals Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Melody M. Y. CHAN, Auteur ; Flora YM MO, Auteur ; Se-fong HUNG, Auteur ; Patrick Wl LEUNG, Auteur ; Kelly YC LAI, Auteur ; Caroline KS SHEA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2412-2421 Langues : (en) Mots-clés : adolescence  autism  comorbidity  FEP  prevalence  psychosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study estimated the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in a 5-year inpatient cohort of children and adolescents diagnosed with first-episode psychosis in two Hong Kong teaching hospitals, and explored the clinical characteristics predicting first-episode psychosis-autism spectrum disorder comorbidity. The autism spectrum disorder diagnoses of 103 patients with first-episode psychosis were confirmed by Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised. Based on the (1) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) diagnostic checklist and (2) Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, three major observations were reported: (1) the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children and adolescents with first-episode psychosis was 28.2% (95% confidence interval = (19.7%, 37.9%)); (2) after administering the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, an additional 31.0% of first-episode psychosis patients met the clinical diagnostic cut-off for autism spectrum disorder; and (3) multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that first-episode psychosis patients with a comorbid autism spectrum disorder diagnosis were more likely to be a male than a female (adjusted odds ratio = 3.57, 95% confidence interval = (1.29, 9.86), p = 0.014). Adding to the current literature, this study examined first-episode psychosis-autism spectrum disorder comorbidity with a large Chinese, inpatient sample with first-episode psychosis. Consistent with studies conducted overseas, we show that autism spectrum disorder is a common comorbidity among Chinese first-episode psychosis patients. A comprehensive autism spectrum disorder assessment that incorporates both observation-based and parent-report diagnostic tools is warranted for children and adolescents, especially boys, with psychosis. Lay abstract Autistic features are commonly observed in children and adolescents with first-episode psychosis, but they are sometimes overlooked by clinicians and caregivers. By comprehensively examining the clinical profiles of 103 children and adolescents (below 18 years old) with first-episode psychosis and conducting the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (the 'gold standard' autism diagnostic tool) with their primary caregivers, we showed that around 28% of patients with first-episode psychosis had a comorbid autism diagnosis, and boys were 3.57 times more likely to have first-episode psychosis-autism spectrum disorder comorbidity than girls. After administering the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, we also observed that an additional 30% of patients with first-episode psychosis met the autism spectrum disorder diagnostic cut-off; their autism spectrum disorder symptoms were probably overshadowed by prodromal psychotic symptoms and left undetected before this study. The co-occurrence of autism and first-episode psychosis might be more common than we previously thought. Careful autism screening and assessment is highly recommended for clinicians working with patients with psychosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241259062 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=535 [article] Prevalence of autism in first-episode psychosis in two Hong Kong teaching hospitals [texte imprimé] / Melody M. Y. CHAN, Auteur ; Flora YM MO, Auteur ; Se-fong HUNG, Auteur ; Patrick Wl LEUNG, Auteur ; Kelly YC LAI, Auteur ; Caroline KS SHEA, Auteur . - p.2412-2421. Langues : (en) in Autism > 28-9 (September 2024) . - p.2412-2421 Mots-clés : adolescence  autism  comorbidity  FEP  prevalence  psychosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study estimated the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in a 5-year inpatient cohort of children and adolescents diagnosed with first-episode psychosis in two Hong Kong teaching hospitals, and explored the clinical characteristics predicting first-episode psychosis-autism spectrum disorder comorbidity. The autism spectrum disorder diagnoses of 103 patients with first-episode psychosis were confirmed by Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised. Based on the (1) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) diagnostic checklist and (2) Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, three major observations were reported: (1) the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children and adolescents with first-episode psychosis was 28.2% (95% confidence interval = (19.7%, 37.9%)); (2) after administering the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, an additional 31.0% of first-episode psychosis patients met the clinical diagnostic cut-off for autism spectrum disorder; and (3) multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that first-episode psychosis patients with a comorbid autism spectrum disorder diagnosis were more likely to be a male than a female (adjusted odds ratio = 3.57, 95% confidence interval = (1.29, 9.86), p = 0.014). Adding to the current literature, this study examined first-episode psychosis-autism spectrum disorder comorbidity with a large Chinese, inpatient sample with first-episode psychosis. Consistent with studies conducted overseas, we show that autism spectrum disorder is a common comorbidity among Chinese first-episode psychosis patients. A comprehensive autism spectrum disorder assessment that incorporates both observation-based and parent-report diagnostic tools is warranted for children and adolescents, especially boys, with psychosis. Lay abstract Autistic features are commonly observed in children and adolescents with first-episode psychosis, but they are sometimes overlooked by clinicians and caregivers. By comprehensively examining the clinical profiles of 103 children and adolescents (below 18 years old) with first-episode psychosis and conducting the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (the 'gold standard' autism diagnostic tool) with their primary caregivers, we showed that around 28% of patients with first-episode psychosis had a comorbid autism diagnosis, and boys were 3.57 times more likely to have first-episode psychosis-autism spectrum disorder comorbidity than girls. After administering the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, we also observed that an additional 30% of patients with first-episode psychosis met the autism spectrum disorder diagnostic cut-off; their autism spectrum disorder symptoms were probably overshadowed by prodromal psychotic symptoms and left undetected before this study. The co-occurrence of autism and first-episode psychosis might be more common than we previously thought. Careful autism screening and assessment is highly recommended for clinicians working with patients with psychosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241259062 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=535

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