Dual Language Learning Predicts Improved Executive Functioning in Youth with Autism / Allison B. RATTO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-11 (November 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-11 (November 2022) . - p.5007-5017 Titre : Dual Language Learning Predicts Improved Executive Functioning in Youth with Autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Allison B. RATTO, Auteur ; Gabrielle REIMANN, Auteur ; Nicole NADWODNY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.5007-5017 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Autistic Disorder  Cognition  Executive Function  Humans  Language  Autism  Bilingualism  Verbal ability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous findings show executive functioning advantages associated with dual language learning (DLL) among neurotypical individuals, yet few studies have investigated these effects in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study investigated effects of DLL and socioeconomic status (SES) on parent-reported executive functioning, verbal ability, and social-emotional functioning using a sample of DLL (n=53) and monolingual (n=106) youth with ASD without intellectual disability, matched on gender and full-scale IQ scores. After controlling for the effects of SES, results showed that monolingual youth had better outcomes on verbal ability, while DLL youth had fewer parent-reported problems with executive functioning and unusual behaviors. These findings indicate that bilingualism may mitigate executive functioning deficits in youth with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05356-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=489 [article] Dual Language Learning Predicts Improved Executive Functioning in Youth with Autism [texte imprimé] / Allison B. RATTO, Auteur ; Gabrielle REIMANN, Auteur ; Nicole NADWODNY, Auteur . - p.5007-5017. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-11 (November 2022) . - p.5007-5017 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Autistic Disorder  Cognition  Executive Function  Humans  Language  Autism  Bilingualism  Verbal ability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous findings show executive functioning advantages associated with dual language learning (DLL) among neurotypical individuals, yet few studies have investigated these effects in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study investigated effects of DLL and socioeconomic status (SES) on parent-reported executive functioning, verbal ability, and social-emotional functioning using a sample of DLL (n=53) and monolingual (n=106) youth with ASD without intellectual disability, matched on gender and full-scale IQ scores. After controlling for the effects of SES, results showed that monolingual youth had better outcomes on verbal ability, while DLL youth had fewer parent-reported problems with executive functioning and unusual behaviors. These findings indicate that bilingualism may mitigate executive functioning deficits in youth with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05356-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=489

Gauging facial feature viewing preference as a stable individual trait in autism spectrum disorder / Gabrielle REIMANN in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1670-1683 Titre : Gauging facial feature viewing preference as a stable individual trait in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gabrielle REIMANN, Auteur ; Catherine WALSH, Auteur ; K.D. CSUMITTA, Auteur ; P. MCCLURE, Auteur ; Francisco PEREIRA, Auteur ; Andrés MARTIN, Auteur ; M. RAMOT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1670-1683 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Face  Fixation, Ocular  Humans  Motion Pictures  Phenotype  Young Adult  machine learning  social behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Eye tracking provides insights into social processing deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially in conjunction with dynamic, naturalistic free-viewing stimuli. However, the question remains whether gaze characteristics, such as preference for specific facial features, can be considered a stable individual trait, particularly in those with ASD. If so, how much data are needed for consistent estimations? To address these questions, we assessed the stability and robustness of gaze preference for facial features as incremental amounts of movie data were introduced for analysis. We trained an artificial neural network to create an object-based segmentation of naturalistic movie clips (14 s each, 7410 frames total). Thirty-three high-functioning individuals with ASD and 36 age- and IQ-equated typically developing individuals (age range: 12-30 years) viewed 22 Hollywood movie clips, each depicting a social interaction. As we evaluated combinations of one, three, five, eight, and 11 movie clips, gaze dwell times on core facial features became increasingly stable at within-subject, within-group, and between-group levels. Using a number of movie clips deemed sufficient by our analysis, we found that individuals with ASD displayed significantly less face-centered gaze (centralized on the nose; p < 0.001) but did not significantly differ from typically developing participants in eye or mouth looking times. Our findings validate gaze preference for specific facial features as a stable individual trait and highlight the possibility of misinterpretation with insufficient data. Additionally, we propose the use of a machine learning approach to stimuli segmentation to quickly and flexibly prepare dynamic stimuli for analysis. LAY SUMMARY: Using a data-driven approach to segmenting movie stimuli, we examined varying amounts of data to assess the stability of social gaze in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We found a reduction in social fixations in participants with ASD, driven by decreased attention to the center of the face. Our findings further support the validity of gaze preference for face features as a stable individual trait when sufficient data are used. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2540 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 [article] Gauging facial feature viewing preference as a stable individual trait in autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Gabrielle REIMANN, Auteur ; Catherine WALSH, Auteur ; K.D. CSUMITTA, Auteur ; P. MCCLURE, Auteur ; Francisco PEREIRA, Auteur ; Andrés MARTIN, Auteur ; M. RAMOT, Auteur . - p.1670-1683. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1670-1683 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Face  Fixation, Ocular  Humans  Motion Pictures  Phenotype  Young Adult  machine learning  social behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Eye tracking provides insights into social processing deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially in conjunction with dynamic, naturalistic free-viewing stimuli. However, the question remains whether gaze characteristics, such as preference for specific facial features, can be considered a stable individual trait, particularly in those with ASD. If so, how much data are needed for consistent estimations? To address these questions, we assessed the stability and robustness of gaze preference for facial features as incremental amounts of movie data were introduced for analysis. We trained an artificial neural network to create an object-based segmentation of naturalistic movie clips (14 s each, 7410 frames total). Thirty-three high-functioning individuals with ASD and 36 age- and IQ-equated typically developing individuals (age range: 12-30 years) viewed 22 Hollywood movie clips, each depicting a social interaction. As we evaluated combinations of one, three, five, eight, and 11 movie clips, gaze dwell times on core facial features became increasingly stable at within-subject, within-group, and between-group levels. Using a number of movie clips deemed sufficient by our analysis, we found that individuals with ASD displayed significantly less face-centered gaze (centralized on the nose; p < 0.001) but did not significantly differ from typically developing participants in eye or mouth looking times. Our findings validate gaze preference for specific facial features as a stable individual trait and highlight the possibility of misinterpretation with insufficient data. Additionally, we propose the use of a machine learning approach to stimuli segmentation to quickly and flexibly prepare dynamic stimuli for analysis. LAY SUMMARY: Using a data-driven approach to segmenting movie stimuli, we examined varying amounts of data to assess the stability of social gaze in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We found a reduction in social fixations in participants with ASD, driven by decreased attention to the center of the face. Our findings further support the validity of gaze preference for face features as a stable individual trait when sufficient data are used. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2540 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449

Mapping potential pathways from polygenic liability through brain structure to psychological problems across the transition to adolescence / E. Leighton DURHAM ; Sarah J. BRISLIN ; Peter B. BARR ; Danielle M. DICK ; Tyler M. MOORE ; Brandon L. PIERCE ; Lin TONG ; Gabrielle REIMANN ; Hee Jung JEONG ; Randolph M. DUPONT ; Antonia N. KACZKURKIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 65-8 (August 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-8 (August 2024) . - p.1047-1060 Titre : Mapping potential pathways from polygenic liability through brain structure to psychological problems across the transition to adolescence Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : E. Leighton DURHAM, Auteur ; Sarah J. BRISLIN, Auteur ; Peter B. BARR, Auteur ; Danielle M. DICK, Auteur ; Tyler M. MOORE, Auteur ; Brandon L. PIERCE, Auteur ; Lin TONG, Auteur ; Gabrielle REIMANN, Auteur ; Hee Jung JEONG, Auteur ; Randolph M. DUPONT, Auteur ; Antonia N. KACZKURKIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1047-1060 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background We used a polygenic score for externalizing behavior (extPGS) and structural MRI to examine potential pathways from genetic liability to conduct problems via the brain across the adolescent transition. Methods Three annual assessments of child conduct problems, attention-deficit/hyperactivity problems, and internalizing problems were conducted across across 9-13 years of age among 4,475 children of European ancestry in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study (ABCD Study®). Results The extPGS predicted conduct problems in each wave (R2 = 2.0%-2.9%). Bifactor models revealed that the extPRS predicted variance specific to conduct problems (R2 = 1.7%-2.1%), but also variance that conduct problems shared with other measured problems (R2 = .8%-1.4%). Longitudinally, extPGS predicted levels of specific conduct problems (R2 = 2.0%), but not their slope of change across age. The extPGS was associated with total gray matter volume (TGMV; R2 = .4%) and lower TGMV predicted both specific conduct problems (R2 = 1.7%-2.1%) and the variance common to all problems in each wave (R2 = 1.6%-3.1%). A modest proportion of the polygenic liability specific to conduct problems in each wave was statistically mediated by TGMV. Conclusions Across the adolescent transition, the extPGS predicted both variance specific to conduct problems and variance shared by all measured problems. The extPGS also was associated with TGMV, which robustly predicted conduct problems. Statistical mediation analyses suggested the hypothesis that polygenic variation influences individual differences in brain development that are related to the likelihood of conduct problems during the adolescent transition, justifying new research to test this causal hypothesis. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13944 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=532 [article] Mapping potential pathways from polygenic liability through brain structure to psychological problems across the transition to adolescence [texte imprimé] / E. Leighton DURHAM, Auteur ; Sarah J. BRISLIN, Auteur ; Peter B. BARR, Auteur ; Danielle M. DICK, Auteur ; Tyler M. MOORE, Auteur ; Brandon L. PIERCE, Auteur ; Lin TONG, Auteur ; Gabrielle REIMANN, Auteur ; Hee Jung JEONG, Auteur ; Randolph M. DUPONT, Auteur ; Antonia N. KACZKURKIN, Auteur . - p.1047-1060. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-8 (August 2024) . - p.1047-1060 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background We used a polygenic score for externalizing behavior (extPGS) and structural MRI to examine potential pathways from genetic liability to conduct problems via the brain across the adolescent transition. Methods Three annual assessments of child conduct problems, attention-deficit/hyperactivity problems, and internalizing problems were conducted across across 9-13 years of age among 4,475 children of European ancestry in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study (ABCD Study®). Results The extPGS predicted conduct problems in each wave (R2 = 2.0%-2.9%). Bifactor models revealed that the extPRS predicted variance specific to conduct problems (R2 = 1.7%-2.1%), but also variance that conduct problems shared with other measured problems (R2 = .8%-1.4%). Longitudinally, extPGS predicted levels of specific conduct problems (R2 = 2.0%), but not their slope of change across age. The extPGS was associated with total gray matter volume (TGMV; R2 = .4%) and lower TGMV predicted both specific conduct problems (R2 = 1.7%-2.1%) and the variance common to all problems in each wave (R2 = 1.6%-3.1%). A modest proportion of the polygenic liability specific to conduct problems in each wave was statistically mediated by TGMV. Conclusions Across the adolescent transition, the extPGS predicted both variance specific to conduct problems and variance shared by all measured problems. The extPGS also was associated with TGMV, which robustly predicted conduct problems. Statistical mediation analyses suggested the hypothesis that polygenic variation influences individual differences in brain development that are related to the likelihood of conduct problems during the adolescent transition, justifying new research to test this causal hypothesis. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13944 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=532

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