Anxiety in children and youth with autism spectrum disorder and the association with amygdala subnuclei structure / Abagail HENNESSY in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1053-1067 Titre : Anxiety in children and youth with autism spectrum disorder and the association with amygdala subnuclei structure Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Abagail HENNESSY, Auteur ; Diane SEGUIN, Auteur ; Susana CORREA, Auteur ; Jianan WANG, Auteur ; Julio C. MARTINEZ-TRUJILLO, Auteur ; Rob NICOLSON, Auteur ; Emma G. DUERDEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1053-1067 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : amygdala,autism spectrum disorders,behavior,human,MRI,social Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is clinically characterized by social and communication difficulties as well as repetitive behaviors. Many children with ASD also suffer from anxiety, which has been associated with alterations in amygdala structure. In this work, the association between amygdala subnuclei volumes and anxiety was assessed in a cohort of 234 participants (mean age=11.0 years, SD=3.9, 95 children with ASD, 139 children were non-autistic). Children underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Amygdala subnuclei volumes were extracted automatically. Anxiety was assessed using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Children with ASD had higher anxiety scores relative to non-autistic children on all anxiety measures (all, p< 0.05). Anxiety levels were significantly predicted in children with ASD by right basal (right: B=0.235, p=0.002) and paralaminar (PL) (B= 0.99, p=0.009) volumes. Basal nuclei receive multisensory information from cortical and subcortical areas and have extensive projections within the limbic system while the PL nuclei are involved in emotional processing. Alterations in basal and PL nuclei in children with ASD and the association with anxiety may reflect morphological changes related to in the neurocircuitry of anxiety in ASD.Lay abstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is clinically characterized by social communication difficulties as well as restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior. In addition, children with ASD are more likely to experience anxiety compared with their peers who do not have ASD. Recent studies suggest that atypical amygdala structure, a brain region involved in emotions, may be related to anxiety in children with ASD. However, the amygdala is a complex structure composed of heterogeneous subnuclei, and few studies to date have focused on how amygdala subnuclei relate to in anxiety in this population. The current sample consisted of 95 children with ASD and 139 non-autistic children, who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and assessments for anxiety. The amygdala volumes were automatically segmented. Results indicated that children with ASD had elevated anxiety scores relative to peers without ASD. Larger basal volumes predicted greater anxiety in children with ASD, and this association was not seen in non-autistic children. Findings converge with previous literature suggesting ASD children suffer from higher levels of anxiety than non-autistic children, which may have important implications in treatment and interventions. Our results suggest that volumetric estimation of amygdala?s subregions in MRI may reveal specific anxiety-related associations in children with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221127512 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Anxiety in children and youth with autism spectrum disorder and the association with amygdala subnuclei structure [texte imprimé] / Abagail HENNESSY, Auteur ; Diane SEGUIN, Auteur ; Susana CORREA, Auteur ; Jianan WANG, Auteur ; Julio C. MARTINEZ-TRUJILLO, Auteur ; Rob NICOLSON, Auteur ; Emma G. DUERDEN, Auteur . - p.1053-1067. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1053-1067 Mots-clés : amygdala,autism spectrum disorders,behavior,human,MRI,social Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is clinically characterized by social and communication difficulties as well as repetitive behaviors. Many children with ASD also suffer from anxiety, which has been associated with alterations in amygdala structure. In this work, the association between amygdala subnuclei volumes and anxiety was assessed in a cohort of 234 participants (mean age=11.0 years, SD=3.9, 95 children with ASD, 139 children were non-autistic). Children underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Amygdala subnuclei volumes were extracted automatically. Anxiety was assessed using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Children with ASD had higher anxiety scores relative to non-autistic children on all anxiety measures (all, p< 0.05). Anxiety levels were significantly predicted in children with ASD by right basal (right: B=0.235, p=0.002) and paralaminar (PL) (B= 0.99, p=0.009) volumes. Basal nuclei receive multisensory information from cortical and subcortical areas and have extensive projections within the limbic system while the PL nuclei are involved in emotional processing. Alterations in basal and PL nuclei in children with ASD and the association with anxiety may reflect morphological changes related to in the neurocircuitry of anxiety in ASD.Lay abstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is clinically characterized by social communication difficulties as well as restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior. In addition, children with ASD are more likely to experience anxiety compared with their peers who do not have ASD. Recent studies suggest that atypical amygdala structure, a brain region involved in emotions, may be related to anxiety in children with ASD. However, the amygdala is a complex structure composed of heterogeneous subnuclei, and few studies to date have focused on how amygdala subnuclei relate to in anxiety in this population. The current sample consisted of 95 children with ASD and 139 non-autistic children, who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and assessments for anxiety. The amygdala volumes were automatically segmented. Results indicated that children with ASD had elevated anxiety scores relative to peers without ASD. Larger basal volumes predicted greater anxiety in children with ASD, and this association was not seen in non-autistic children. Findings converge with previous literature suggesting ASD children suffer from higher levels of anxiety than non-autistic children, which may have important implications in treatment and interventions. Our results suggest that volumetric estimation of amygdala?s subregions in MRI may reveal specific anxiety-related associations in children with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221127512 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Early adversity and positive parenting: Association with cognitive outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorder / Elizabeth KUENZEL in Autism Research, 14-12 (December 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-12 (December 2021) . - p.2654-2662 Titre : Early adversity and positive parenting: Association with cognitive outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elizabeth KUENZEL, Auteur ; Diane SEGUIN, Auteur ; Robert NICOLSON, Auteur ; Emma G. DUERDEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2654-2662 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Child  Child, Preschool  Cognition  Executive Function  Humans  Parenting  Peer Group  Children  Clinical Psychology  Cognitive Neuroscience  Environmental risk factors  Neuropsychology  Parent Training  Pediatrics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social communication and repetitive behaviors. Children with ASD are statistically more likely to experience early adversity; however, little is known about the types of early adversity that place these children at risk, the role of parenting as a protective factor, and how this early life stress impacts cognitive outcomes. We assessed early adversity in 302 children (ASD = 98) aged 6-16 years old, using parent-based report. To identify protective factors, we assessed parenting styles using parent surveys. Executive functions were assessed in the children using the WISC-V. Children with ASD had an increased incidence of familial stressors compared to the typically developing (TD) group. Positive parenting was associated with a significant decrease in the incidence of familial adverse events for both children with ASD and TD children. Examining the relationship between adversity and cognitive outcomes, in young children (6-11 years) with ASD, environmental stressors were associated with cognitive impairments. Findings suggest children with ASD may be at higher risk for familial adversity than their TD peers. However, all children benefit from positive parenting styles, which may mitigate the adverse effects of family-based early life stress. LAY SUMMARY: Some key features of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) include difficulties with communication and social impairments. This means that children with ASD may be more likely to experience early adversity (stressful social interactions which take place during childhood) than children without ASD. Research in typically developing (TD) children has shown that experiencing more stressful events in childhood can cause changes in the brain, which can potentially impact the child's memory, reasoning, and decision-making skills later in life. However, there is evidence to suggest that having a nurturing relationship with a parent can offset some of the negative impacts of childhood adversity. In our study, we found that children with ASD are more likely to experience family-related stress compared to TD children. Having a positive relationship with a parent, however, was linked to experiencing this type of stress less often for all children, regardless of whether they were diagnosed with ASD. We also found that stressors related to environmental factors like financial instability were associated with lower cognitive abilities in children with ASD under 12 years of age. Understanding how these factors interact and differ in children with ASD can help to build stronger families and help children with ASD to thrive throughout their development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2613 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Early adversity and positive parenting: Association with cognitive outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Elizabeth KUENZEL, Auteur ; Diane SEGUIN, Auteur ; Robert NICOLSON, Auteur ; Emma G. DUERDEN, Auteur . - p.2654-2662. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-12 (December 2021) . - p.2654-2662 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Child  Child, Preschool  Cognition  Executive Function  Humans  Parenting  Peer Group  Children  Clinical Psychology  Cognitive Neuroscience  Environmental risk factors  Neuropsychology  Parent Training  Pediatrics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social communication and repetitive behaviors. Children with ASD are statistically more likely to experience early adversity; however, little is known about the types of early adversity that place these children at risk, the role of parenting as a protective factor, and how this early life stress impacts cognitive outcomes. We assessed early adversity in 302 children (ASD = 98) aged 6-16 years old, using parent-based report. To identify protective factors, we assessed parenting styles using parent surveys. Executive functions were assessed in the children using the WISC-V. Children with ASD had an increased incidence of familial stressors compared to the typically developing (TD) group. Positive parenting was associated with a significant decrease in the incidence of familial adverse events for both children with ASD and TD children. Examining the relationship between adversity and cognitive outcomes, in young children (6-11 years) with ASD, environmental stressors were associated with cognitive impairments. Findings suggest children with ASD may be at higher risk for familial adversity than their TD peers. However, all children benefit from positive parenting styles, which may mitigate the adverse effects of family-based early life stress. LAY SUMMARY: Some key features of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) include difficulties with communication and social impairments. This means that children with ASD may be more likely to experience early adversity (stressful social interactions which take place during childhood) than children without ASD. Research in typically developing (TD) children has shown that experiencing more stressful events in childhood can cause changes in the brain, which can potentially impact the child's memory, reasoning, and decision-making skills later in life. However, there is evidence to suggest that having a nurturing relationship with a parent can offset some of the negative impacts of childhood adversity. In our study, we found that children with ASD are more likely to experience family-related stress compared to TD children. Having a positive relationship with a parent, however, was linked to experiencing this type of stress less often for all children, regardless of whether they were diagnosed with ASD. We also found that stressors related to environmental factors like financial instability were associated with lower cognitive abilities in children with ASD under 12 years of age. Understanding how these factors interact and differ in children with ASD can help to build stronger families and help children with ASD to thrive throughout their development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2613 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

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