52 recherche sur le mot-clé 'Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications'

Alteration of the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with autism spectrum disorder / Xinyan XIE in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.996-1007 Titre : Alteration of the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Xinyan XIE, Auteur ; Li LI, Auteur ; Xiaoqian WU, Auteur ; Fang HOU, Auteur ; Yanlin CHEN, Auteur ; Liuwei SHI, Auteur ; Qi LIU, Auteur ; Kaiheng ZHU, Auteur ; Qi JIANG, Auteur ; Yanan FENG, Auteur ; Pei XIAO, Auteur ; Jiajia ZHANG, Auteur ; Jianhua GONG, Auteur ; Ranran SONG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.996-1007 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Bacteria/genetics  Case-Control Studies  Child  Dysbiosis/complications  Feces/microbiology  Humans  Microbiota  Phylogeny  Chinese Han population  autism spectrum disorder  children  gut microbiota Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with altered gut microbiota. However, there has been little consensus on the altered bacterial species and studies have had small sample sizes. We aimed to identify the taxonomic composition and evaluate the changes in the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with ASD by using a relatively large sample size. We conducted a case-control study of 101 children with ASD and 103 healthy controls in China. Demographic information and fecal samples were collected, and the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene were sequenced. The alpha and beta diversities between the two groups were significantly different. After correcting for multiple comparisons, at the phylum level the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The relative abundance of the Escherichia-Shigella genus in the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the relative abundance of Blautia and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae in the control group were higher than that of the case group. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States analysis showed that children with ASD may have disturbed functional pathways, such as amino acid metabolism, cofactor and vitamin metabolism, and the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. This study revealed the characteristics of the intestinal flora of Chinese children with ASD and provided further evidence of gut microbial dysbiosis in ASD. LAY SUMMARY: This study characterized the gut microbiota composition of 101 children with ASD and 103 healthy controls in China. The altered gut microbiota may contribute significantly to the risk of ASD, including significant increases in the relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella and significant decrease of Blautia and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae. This study provided further evidence of gut microbial dysbiosis in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2718 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Alteration of the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Xinyan XIE, Auteur ; Li LI, Auteur ; Xiaoqian WU, Auteur ; Fang HOU, Auteur ; Yanlin CHEN, Auteur ; Liuwei SHI, Auteur ; Qi LIU, Auteur ; Kaiheng ZHU, Auteur ; Qi JIANG, Auteur ; Yanan FENG, Auteur ; Pei XIAO, Auteur ; Jiajia ZHANG, Auteur ; Jianhua GONG, Auteur ; Ranran SONG, Auteur . - p.996-1007. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.996-1007 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Bacteria/genetics  Case-Control Studies  Child  Dysbiosis/complications  Feces/microbiology  Humans  Microbiota  Phylogeny  Chinese Han population  autism spectrum disorder  children  gut microbiota Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with altered gut microbiota. However, there has been little consensus on the altered bacterial species and studies have had small sample sizes. We aimed to identify the taxonomic composition and evaluate the changes in the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with ASD by using a relatively large sample size. We conducted a case-control study of 101 children with ASD and 103 healthy controls in China. Demographic information and fecal samples were collected, and the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene were sequenced. The alpha and beta diversities between the two groups were significantly different. After correcting for multiple comparisons, at the phylum level the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The relative abundance of the Escherichia-Shigella genus in the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the relative abundance of Blautia and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae in the control group were higher than that of the case group. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States analysis showed that children with ASD may have disturbed functional pathways, such as amino acid metabolism, cofactor and vitamin metabolism, and the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. This study revealed the characteristics of the intestinal flora of Chinese children with ASD and provided further evidence of gut microbial dysbiosis in ASD. LAY SUMMARY: This study characterized the gut microbiota composition of 101 children with ASD and 103 healthy controls in China. The altered gut microbiota may contribute significantly to the risk of ASD, including significant increases in the relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella and significant decrease of Blautia and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae. This study provided further evidence of gut microbial dysbiosis in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2718 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Arousal-modulated memory encoding and retrieval in adults with autism spectrum disorder / Nico BAST in Autism Research, 15-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-9 (September 2022) . - p.1609-1620 Titre : Arousal-modulated memory encoding and retrieval in adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nico BAST, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1609-1620 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Arousal/physiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Humans  Locus Coeruleus  Pupil/physiology  Recognition, Psychology  Asd  locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system  memory  pupillometry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recently, we have shown that pupil dilation during a recognition memory task can serve as an index of memory retrieval difficulties in autism. At the time of publication, we were unaware of specific data-analysis methods that can be used to shed further light on the origins of such memory related pupil dilation. Specifically, by distinguishing "tonic" from "phasic" changes in pupil dilation and considering their temporal progression, it is possible to draw inferences about the functional integrity of a locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system (LC-NE) that is known to play a key role in regulating memory encoding and retrieval processes. We therefore apply these analyses to our previously published eye-tracking data of adults with ASD (N = 24) and neurotypical development (TD, N = 30) during the recognition memory task. In this re-analysis, we related pupil dilation during encoding and retrieval to recognition accuracy in a per-trial analysis of linear mixed models. In ASD, we replicated attenuated recognition accuracy, which was accompanied by attenuated pupil dilation during encoding and retrieval. Group differences in pupil dilation during retrieval occurred late during the trial (after 1.75s) and indicated an altered top-down processing like attenuated attribution of semantic salience in response to previously encoded stimuli. In addition, only in the ASD group were higher pupil dilation during encoding and lower pupil dilation during retrieval associated with decreased recognition accuracy. This supports altered modulation of memory encoding and retrieval in ASD, with LC-NE phasic activity as promising underlying mechanism. LAY SUMMARY: We investigated the changes of pupil size during memory testing in autism spectrum disorder. Adults with ASD remembered fewer items correctly than neurotypical individuals (TD). This reduced memory was related to increased pupillary responses at study and decreased pupil dilation at test only for adults with ASD indicating a different modulation of memory by the locus coeruleus. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2784 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=483 [article] Arousal-modulated memory encoding and retrieval in adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nico BAST, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur . - p.1609-1620. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-9 (September 2022) . - p.1609-1620 Mots-clés : Adult  Arousal/physiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Humans  Locus Coeruleus  Pupil/physiology  Recognition, Psychology  Asd  locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system  memory  pupillometry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recently, we have shown that pupil dilation during a recognition memory task can serve as an index of memory retrieval difficulties in autism. At the time of publication, we were unaware of specific data-analysis methods that can be used to shed further light on the origins of such memory related pupil dilation. Specifically, by distinguishing "tonic" from "phasic" changes in pupil dilation and considering their temporal progression, it is possible to draw inferences about the functional integrity of a locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system (LC-NE) that is known to play a key role in regulating memory encoding and retrieval processes. We therefore apply these analyses to our previously published eye-tracking data of adults with ASD (N = 24) and neurotypical development (TD, N = 30) during the recognition memory task. In this re-analysis, we related pupil dilation during encoding and retrieval to recognition accuracy in a per-trial analysis of linear mixed models. In ASD, we replicated attenuated recognition accuracy, which was accompanied by attenuated pupil dilation during encoding and retrieval. Group differences in pupil dilation during retrieval occurred late during the trial (after 1.75s) and indicated an altered top-down processing like attenuated attribution of semantic salience in response to previously encoded stimuli. In addition, only in the ASD group were higher pupil dilation during encoding and lower pupil dilation during retrieval associated with decreased recognition accuracy. This supports altered modulation of memory encoding and retrieval in ASD, with LC-NE phasic activity as promising underlying mechanism. LAY SUMMARY: We investigated the changes of pupil size during memory testing in autism spectrum disorder. Adults with ASD remembered fewer items correctly than neurotypical individuals (TD). This reduced memory was related to increased pupillary responses at study and decreased pupil dilation at test only for adults with ASD indicating a different modulation of memory by the locus coeruleus. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2784 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=483

Caregiver- and Child-Reported Anxiety Using an Autism-Specific Measure: Measurement Properties and Correlates of the Anxiety Scale for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASC-ASD) in Verbal Young People with ASD / C. P. SOH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-8 (August 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-8 (August 2021) . - p.2646-2662 Titre : Caregiver- and Child-Reported Anxiety Using an Autism-Specific Measure: Measurement Properties and Correlates of the Anxiety Scale for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASC-ASD) in Verbal Young People with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. P. SOH, Auteur ; T. J. GOH, Auteur ; I. MAGIATI, Auteur ; M. SUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2646-2662 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Anxiety/diagnosis  Anxiety Disorders  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Caregivers  Child  Female  Humans  Male  Mass Screening  Psychiatric Status Rating Scales  Psychometrics  Singapore  Anxiety  Autism  Child report  Measurement  Parent report  Psychometric properties Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Identifying and measuring anxiety in young people on the autism spectrum can be challenging. The present study investigated the use of the Anxiety Scale for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASC-ASD), a self- and caregiver-rated screening tool in a Singaporean sample of ninety-one verbal autistic youths and their caregivers. Internal consistency ranged from satisfactory to desirable (??=?.74-.92). Convergent validity with medium-large effect size was established using a structured diagnostic interview, the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-KID). ASC-ASD scores were positively associated with autistic symptoms and response patterns indicated strong endorsement of autism-specific items. The findings are discussed in relation to existing literature on assessment of anxiety in ASD and in light of the study's strengths and limitations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04739-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452 [article] Caregiver- and Child-Reported Anxiety Using an Autism-Specific Measure: Measurement Properties and Correlates of the Anxiety Scale for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASC-ASD) in Verbal Young People with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. P. SOH, Auteur ; T. J. GOH, Auteur ; I. MAGIATI, Auteur ; M. SUNG, Auteur . - p.2646-2662. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-8 (August 2021) . - p.2646-2662 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Anxiety/diagnosis  Anxiety Disorders  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Caregivers  Child  Female  Humans  Male  Mass Screening  Psychiatric Status Rating Scales  Psychometrics  Singapore  Anxiety  Autism  Child report  Measurement  Parent report  Psychometric properties Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Identifying and measuring anxiety in young people on the autism spectrum can be challenging. The present study investigated the use of the Anxiety Scale for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASC-ASD), a self- and caregiver-rated screening tool in a Singaporean sample of ninety-one verbal autistic youths and their caregivers. Internal consistency ranged from satisfactory to desirable (??=?.74-.92). Convergent validity with medium-large effect size was established using a structured diagnostic interview, the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-KID). ASC-ASD scores were positively associated with autistic symptoms and response patterns indicated strong endorsement of autism-specific items. The findings are discussed in relation to existing literature on assessment of anxiety in ASD and in light of the study's strengths and limitations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04739-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452

Clinical and individual features associated with maternal stress in young adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / F. SCIBELLI in Autism Research, 14-9 (September 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-9 (September 2021) . - p.1935-1947 Titre : Clinical and individual features associated with maternal stress in young adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : F. SCIBELLI, Auteur ; E. FUCÀ, Auteur ; S. GUERRERA, Auteur ; E. LUPI, Auteur ; Paolo ALFIERI, Auteur ; G. VALERI, Auteur ; S. VICARI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1935-1947 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Child  Female  Humans  Mothers  Parenting  Parents  Problem Behavior  Stress, Psychological/complications  adolescence  autism symptoms  cognitive  emotional and behavioral problems  maternal stress  parent mediated therapy  socio-demographic features Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of people with autism spectrum disorder experience both negative stressful and positive events. Several clinical and socio-demographic features of children on the autism spectrum have been associated with parenting stress in their families. However, there have been few studies that focus on adolescents and the role of cognitive impairment has rarely been addressed. The main aim of the present research is to explore associations between autism symptoms, cognitive impairment, emotional and behavioral problems, socio-demographic features, and maternal stress in a sample of young adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder with and without cognitive impairment. Cognitive impairment and emotional and behavioral problems are associated with maternal stress, while autism symptoms seem to play a minor role. Maternal education and occupation are only associated with maternal stress in the group with cognitive impairment, while maternal age is stress-associated in the group of adolescents without cognitive impairment. Age-related implications for intervention and future research directions are discussed. LAY SUMMARY: Parents of individuals on the autism spectrum are exposed to both negative stressful and enriching experiences during their parenthood. While the influence of several child characteristics and socio-demographic features on parental stress during childhood has been widely explored in past studies, studies on teenagers are limited. The aim of the present research is to explore the influence of several characteristics on maternal stress levels in families with teenagers on the autism spectrum. We found that cognitive impairment and emotional and behavioral problems are associated with maternal stress, while autism symptoms seem to play a minor role. Socio-demographic features are not associated with maternal stress. Broadly speaking, the subjective perception of parental distress in both groups is less related to teenagers' characteristics then the perception of having a difficult interaction with the teenagers. We divided our participants into two groups (one group with cognitive impairment and the other group without). We found that mothers of teenagers with cognitive impairment are generally more stressed compared to the other group. Furthermore, we confirm that emotional and behavioral problems seem to play a major role in maternal stress (especially in the group without cognitive impairment), while autism symptoms seem to play a minor role. Furthermore, we found that maternal education/occupation and maternal age are associated with maternal stress in the group with and the group without cognitive impairment respectively. This research highlights the association between several variables and stress in mothers of adolescents on the spectrum. Results are discussed in the framework of previous findings highlighting the lack of adequate care and support services for families, especially for those of adolescents on the spectrum with cognitive impairment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2539 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 [article] Clinical and individual features associated with maternal stress in young adolescents with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / F. SCIBELLI, Auteur ; E. FUCÀ, Auteur ; S. GUERRERA, Auteur ; E. LUPI, Auteur ; Paolo ALFIERI, Auteur ; G. VALERI, Auteur ; S. VICARI, Auteur . - p.1935-1947. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-9 (September 2021) . - p.1935-1947 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Child  Female  Humans  Mothers  Parenting  Parents  Problem Behavior  Stress, Psychological/complications  adolescence  autism symptoms  cognitive  emotional and behavioral problems  maternal stress  parent mediated therapy  socio-demographic features Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of people with autism spectrum disorder experience both negative stressful and positive events. Several clinical and socio-demographic features of children on the autism spectrum have been associated with parenting stress in their families. However, there have been few studies that focus on adolescents and the role of cognitive impairment has rarely been addressed. The main aim of the present research is to explore associations between autism symptoms, cognitive impairment, emotional and behavioral problems, socio-demographic features, and maternal stress in a sample of young adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder with and without cognitive impairment. Cognitive impairment and emotional and behavioral problems are associated with maternal stress, while autism symptoms seem to play a minor role. Maternal education and occupation are only associated with maternal stress in the group with cognitive impairment, while maternal age is stress-associated in the group of adolescents without cognitive impairment. Age-related implications for intervention and future research directions are discussed. LAY SUMMARY: Parents of individuals on the autism spectrum are exposed to both negative stressful and enriching experiences during their parenthood. While the influence of several child characteristics and socio-demographic features on parental stress during childhood has been widely explored in past studies, studies on teenagers are limited. The aim of the present research is to explore the influence of several characteristics on maternal stress levels in families with teenagers on the autism spectrum. We found that cognitive impairment and emotional and behavioral problems are associated with maternal stress, while autism symptoms seem to play a minor role. Socio-demographic features are not associated with maternal stress. Broadly speaking, the subjective perception of parental distress in both groups is less related to teenagers' characteristics then the perception of having a difficult interaction with the teenagers. We divided our participants into two groups (one group with cognitive impairment and the other group without). We found that mothers of teenagers with cognitive impairment are generally more stressed compared to the other group. Furthermore, we confirm that emotional and behavioral problems seem to play a major role in maternal stress (especially in the group without cognitive impairment), while autism symptoms seem to play a minor role. Furthermore, we found that maternal education/occupation and maternal age are associated with maternal stress in the group with and the group without cognitive impairment respectively. This research highlights the association between several variables and stress in mothers of adolescents on the spectrum. Results are discussed in the framework of previous findings highlighting the lack of adequate care and support services for families, especially for those of adolescents on the spectrum with cognitive impairment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2539 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449

Cognitive correlates of autism spectrum disorder symptoms / C. N. JOHNSON in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2405-2411 Titre : Cognitive correlates of autism spectrum disorder symptoms Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. N. JOHNSON, Auteur ; B. RAMPHAL, Auteur ; E. KOE, Auteur ; A. RAUDALES, Auteur ; J. GOLDSMITH, Auteur ; A. E. MARGOLIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2405-2411 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Brain  Child  Cognition  Humans  Intelligence  Intelligence Tests  adult  autism spectrum disorder  child  cognition  communication  intelligence  intelligence tests Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Due to the diverse behavioral presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), identifying ASD subtypes using patterns of cognitive abilities has become an important point of research. Some previous studies on cognitive profiles in ASD suggest that the discrepancy between verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) and performance IQ (PIQ) is associated with ASD symptoms, while others have pointed to VIQ as the critical predictor. Given that VIQ is a component of the VIQ-PIQ discrepancy, it was unclear which was most driving these associations. This study tested whether VIQ, PIQ, or the VIQ-PIQ discrepancy was most associated with ASD symptoms in children and adults with ASD (N = 527). Using data from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE), we tested the independent contribution of each IQ index and their discrepancy to ASD symptom severity using multiple linear regressions predicting ASD symptoms. VIQ was most associated with lower symptom severity as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) total score, and when VIQ was included in models predicting ASD symptoms, associations with PIQ and IQ discrepancy were not significant. An association between VIQ and ASD communication symptoms drove the association with ASD symptom severity. These results suggest that associations between ASD communication symptoms and IQ discrepancy or PIQ reported in prior studies likely resulted from variance shared with VIQ. Subtyping ASD on the basis of VIQ should be a point of future research, as it may allow for the development of more personalized approaches to intervention. LAY SUMMARY: Previous research on links between autism severity and verbal and nonverbal intelligence has produced mixed results. Our study examined whether verbal intelligence, nonverbal intelligence, or the discrepancy between the two was most related to autism symptoms. We found that higher verbal intelligence was most associated with less severe autism communication symptoms. Given the relevance of verbal intelligence in predicting autism symptom severity, subtyping autism on the basis of verbal intelligence could lead to more personalized treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2577 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Cognitive correlates of autism spectrum disorder symptoms [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. N. JOHNSON, Auteur ; B. RAMPHAL, Auteur ; E. KOE, Auteur ; A. RAUDALES, Auteur ; J. GOLDSMITH, Auteur ; A. E. MARGOLIS, Auteur . - p.2405-2411. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2405-2411 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Brain  Child  Cognition  Humans  Intelligence  Intelligence Tests  adult  autism spectrum disorder  child  cognition  communication  intelligence  intelligence tests Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Due to the diverse behavioral presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), identifying ASD subtypes using patterns of cognitive abilities has become an important point of research. Some previous studies on cognitive profiles in ASD suggest that the discrepancy between verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) and performance IQ (PIQ) is associated with ASD symptoms, while others have pointed to VIQ as the critical predictor. Given that VIQ is a component of the VIQ-PIQ discrepancy, it was unclear which was most driving these associations. This study tested whether VIQ, PIQ, or the VIQ-PIQ discrepancy was most associated with ASD symptoms in children and adults with ASD (N = 527). Using data from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE), we tested the independent contribution of each IQ index and their discrepancy to ASD symptom severity using multiple linear regressions predicting ASD symptoms. VIQ was most associated with lower symptom severity as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) total score, and when VIQ was included in models predicting ASD symptoms, associations with PIQ and IQ discrepancy were not significant. An association between VIQ and ASD communication symptoms drove the association with ASD symptom severity. These results suggest that associations between ASD communication symptoms and IQ discrepancy or PIQ reported in prior studies likely resulted from variance shared with VIQ. Subtyping ASD on the basis of VIQ should be a point of future research, as it may allow for the development of more personalized approaches to intervention. LAY SUMMARY: Previous research on links between autism severity and verbal and nonverbal intelligence has produced mixed results. Our study examined whether verbal intelligence, nonverbal intelligence, or the discrepancy between the two was most related to autism symptoms. We found that higher verbal intelligence was most associated with less severe autism communication symptoms. Given the relevance of verbal intelligence in predicting autism symptom severity, subtyping autism on the basis of verbal intelligence could lead to more personalized treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2577 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Early adversity and positive parenting: Association with cognitive outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorder / E. KUENZEL in Autism Research, 14-12 (December 2021)  

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Enhanced Memory for Vocal Melodies in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams Syndrome / M. W. WEISS in Autism Research, 14-6 (June 2021)  

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Individuals with autism spectrum disorder are impaired in absolute but not relative pitch and duration matching in speech and song imitation / L. WANG in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)  

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Joint attention and intelligence in children with autism spectrum disorder without severe intellectual disability / M. SANO in Autism Research, 14-12 (December 2021)  

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Keep it simple: Identification of basic versus complex emotions in spoken language in individuals with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability: A meta-analysis study / M. ICHT in Autism Research, 14-9 (September 2021)  

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