Intact neural representations of affective meaning of touch but lack of embodied resonance in autism: a multi-voxel pattern analysis study / Haemy LEE MASSON in Molecular Autism, 10 (2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 10 (2019) . - 39 p. Titre : Intact neural representations of affective meaning of touch but lack of embodied resonance in autism: a multi-voxel pattern analysis study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Haemy LEE MASSON, Auteur ; Ineke PILLET, Auteur ; Steffie AMELYNCK, Auteur ; Stien VAN DE PLAS, Auteur ; Michelle HENDRIKS, Auteur ; Hans OP DE BEECK, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 39 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Embodied simulation  Multi-voxel pattern analysis  Social touch aversion  Social touch observation  Theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Humans can easily grasp the affective meaning of touch when observing social interactions. Several neural systems support this ability, including the theory of mind (ToM) network and the somatosensory system linked to embodied resonance, but it is unclear how these systems are affected in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Individuals with ASD exhibit impairments in the use of nonverbal communication such as social and reciprocal touch. Despite the importance of touch in social communication and the reported touch aversion in ASD, surprisingly little is known about the neural systems underlying impairments in touch communication in ASD. Methods: The present study applies a dynamic and socially meaningful stimulus set combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to pinpoint atypicalities in the neural circuitry underlying socio-affective touch observation in adults with ASD. Twenty-one adults with ASD and 21 matched neurotypical adults evaluated the valence and arousal of 75 video fragments displaying touch interactions. Subsequently, they underwent fMRI while watching the same videos. Using multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) and multiple regression analysis, we examined which brain regions represent the socio-affective meaning of observed touch. To further understand the brain-behavior relationship, we correlated the strength of affective representations in the somatosensory cortex with individuals' attitude towards social touch in general and with a quantitative index of autism traits as measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale. Results: Results revealed that the affective meaning of touch was well represented in the temporoparietal junction, a core mentalizing area, in both groups. Conversely, only the neurotypical group represented affective touch in the somatosensory cortex, a region involved in self-experienced touch. Lastly, irrespective of the group, individuals with a more positive attitude towards receiving, witnessing, and providing social touch and with a higher score on social responsivity showed more differentiated representations of the affective meaning of touch in these somatosensory areas. Conclusions: Together, our findings imply that male adults with ASD show intact cognitive understanding (i.e., "knowing") of observed socio-affective touch interactions, but lack of spontaneous embodied resonance (i.e., "feeling"). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0294-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=414 [article] Intact neural representations of affective meaning of touch but lack of embodied resonance in autism: a multi-voxel pattern analysis study [texte imprimé] / Haemy LEE MASSON, Auteur ; Ineke PILLET, Auteur ; Steffie AMELYNCK, Auteur ; Stien VAN DE PLAS, Auteur ; Michelle HENDRIKS, Auteur ; Hans OP DE BEECK, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur . - 39 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 10 (2019) . - 39 p. Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Embodied simulation  Multi-voxel pattern analysis  Social touch aversion  Social touch observation  Theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Humans can easily grasp the affective meaning of touch when observing social interactions. Several neural systems support this ability, including the theory of mind (ToM) network and the somatosensory system linked to embodied resonance, but it is unclear how these systems are affected in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Individuals with ASD exhibit impairments in the use of nonverbal communication such as social and reciprocal touch. Despite the importance of touch in social communication and the reported touch aversion in ASD, surprisingly little is known about the neural systems underlying impairments in touch communication in ASD. Methods: The present study applies a dynamic and socially meaningful stimulus set combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to pinpoint atypicalities in the neural circuitry underlying socio-affective touch observation in adults with ASD. Twenty-one adults with ASD and 21 matched neurotypical adults evaluated the valence and arousal of 75 video fragments displaying touch interactions. Subsequently, they underwent fMRI while watching the same videos. Using multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) and multiple regression analysis, we examined which brain regions represent the socio-affective meaning of observed touch. To further understand the brain-behavior relationship, we correlated the strength of affective representations in the somatosensory cortex with individuals' attitude towards social touch in general and with a quantitative index of autism traits as measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale. Results: Results revealed that the affective meaning of touch was well represented in the temporoparietal junction, a core mentalizing area, in both groups. Conversely, only the neurotypical group represented affective touch in the somatosensory cortex, a region involved in self-experienced touch. Lastly, irrespective of the group, individuals with a more positive attitude towards receiving, witnessing, and providing social touch and with a higher score on social responsivity showed more differentiated representations of the affective meaning of touch in these somatosensory areas. Conclusions: Together, our findings imply that male adults with ASD show intact cognitive understanding (i.e., "knowing") of observed socio-affective touch interactions, but lack of spontaneous embodied resonance (i.e., "feeling"). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0294-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=414

Neural sensitivity to facial identity and facial expression discrimination in adults with autism / Michelle HENDRIKS ; Silke VOS ; Hans OP DE BEECK ; Bart BOETS in Autism Research, 16-11 (November 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-11 (November 2023) . - p.2110-2124 Titre : Neural sensitivity to facial identity and facial expression discrimination in adults with autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Michelle HENDRIKS, Auteur ; Silke VOS, Auteur ; Hans OP DE BEECK, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2110-2124 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract The fluent processing of faces can be challenging for autistic individuals. Here, we assessed the neural sensitivity to rapid changes in subtle facial cues in 23 autistic men and 23 age and IQ matched non-autistic (NA) controls using frequency-tagging electroencephalography (EEG). In oddball paradigms examining the automatic and implicit discrimination of facial identity and facial expression, base rate images were presented at 6 Hz, periodically interleaved every fifth image with an oddball image (i.e. 1.2 Hz oddball frequency). These distinctive frequency tags for base rate and oddball stimuli allowed direct and objective quantification of the neural discrimination responses. We found no large differences in the neural sensitivity of participants in both groups, not for facial identity discrimination, nor for facial expression discrimination. Both groups also showed a clear face-inversion effect, with reduced brain responses for inverted versus upright faces. Furthermore, sad faces generally elicited significantly lower neural amplitudes than angry, fearful and happy faces. The only minor group difference is the larger involvement of high-level right-hemisphere visual areas in NA men for facial expression processing. These findings are discussed from a developmental perspective, as they strikingly contrast with robust face processing deficits observed in autistic children using identical EEG paradigms. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3036 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=517 [article] Neural sensitivity to facial identity and facial expression discrimination in adults with autism [texte imprimé] / Michelle HENDRIKS, Auteur ; Silke VOS, Auteur ; Hans OP DE BEECK, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur . - p.2110-2124. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 16-11 (November 2023) . - p.2110-2124 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract The fluent processing of faces can be challenging for autistic individuals. Here, we assessed the neural sensitivity to rapid changes in subtle facial cues in 23 autistic men and 23 age and IQ matched non-autistic (NA) controls using frequency-tagging electroencephalography (EEG). In oddball paradigms examining the automatic and implicit discrimination of facial identity and facial expression, base rate images were presented at 6 Hz, periodically interleaved every fifth image with an oddball image (i.e. 1.2 Hz oddball frequency). These distinctive frequency tags for base rate and oddball stimuli allowed direct and objective quantification of the neural discrimination responses. We found no large differences in the neural sensitivity of participants in both groups, not for facial identity discrimination, nor for facial expression discrimination. Both groups also showed a clear face-inversion effect, with reduced brain responses for inverted versus upright faces. Furthermore, sad faces generally elicited significantly lower neural amplitudes than angry, fearful and happy faces. The only minor group difference is the larger involvement of high-level right-hemisphere visual areas in NA men for facial expression processing. These findings are discussed from a developmental perspective, as they strikingly contrast with robust face processing deficits observed in autistic children using identical EEG paradigms. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3036 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=517

Visual Processing in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from Embedded Figures and Configural Superiority Tests / Claudia DILLEN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-5 (May 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-5 (May 2015) . - p.1281-1290 Titre : Visual Processing in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from Embedded Figures and Configural Superiority Tests Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Claudia DILLEN, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Hans OP DE BEECK, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1281-1290 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Embedded figures test  Configural superiority effect  Vision Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The embedded figures test has often been used to reveal weak central coherence in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here, we administered a more standardized automated version of the embedded figures test in combination with the configural superiority task, to investigate the effect of contextual modulation on local feature detection in 23 adolescents with ASD and 26 matched typically developing controls. On both tasks both groups performed largely similarly in terms of accuracy and reaction time, and both displayed the contextual modulation effect. This indicates that individuals with ASD are equally sensitive compared to typically developing individuals to the contextual effects of the task and that there is no evidence for a local processing bias in adolescents with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2288-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=259 [article] Visual Processing in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from Embedded Figures and Configural Superiority Tests [texte imprimé] / Claudia DILLEN, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Hans OP DE BEECK, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur . - p.1281-1290. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-5 (May 2015) . - p.1281-1290 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Embedded figures test  Configural superiority effect  Vision Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The embedded figures test has often been used to reveal weak central coherence in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here, we administered a more standardized automated version of the embedded figures test in combination with the configural superiority task, to investigate the effect of contextual modulation on local feature detection in 23 adolescents with ASD and 26 matched typically developing controls. On both tasks both groups performed largely similarly in terms of accuracy and reaction time, and both displayed the contextual modulation effect. This indicates that individuals with ASD are equally sensitive compared to typically developing individuals to the contextual effects of the task and that there is no evidence for a local processing bias in adolescents with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2288-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=259

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