Cognitive difficulties following adversity are not related to mental health: Findings from the ABCD study / Maria VEDECHKINA in Development and Psychopathology, 36-4 (October 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 36-4 (October 2024) . - p.1876-1889 Titre : Cognitive difficulties following adversity are not related to mental health: Findings from the ABCD study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maria VEDECHKINA, Auteur ; Joni HOLMES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1876-1889 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescent  adversity  childhood  cognition  mental health Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early life adversity is associated with differences in cognition and mental health that can impact on daily functioning. This study uses a hybrid machine-learning approach that combines random forest classification with hierarchical clustering to clarify whether there are cognitive differences between individuals who have experienced moderate-to-severe adversity relative to those have not experienced adversity, to explore whether different forms of adversity are associated with distinct cognitive alterations and whether these such alterations are related to mental health using data from the ABCD study (n = 5,955). Cognitive measures spanning language, reasoning, memory, risk-taking, affective control, and reward processing predicted whether a child had a history of adversity with reasonable accuracy (67%), and with good specificity and sensitivity (>70%). Two subgroups were identified within the adversity group and two within the no-adversity group that were distinguished by cognitive ability (low vs high). There was no evidence for specific associations between the type of adverse exposure and cognitive profile. Worse cognition predicted lower levels of mental health in unexposed children. However, while children who experience adversity had elevated mental health difficulties, their mental health did not differ as a function of cognitive ability, thus providing novel insight into the heterogeneity of psychiatric risk. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579423001220 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=539 [article] Cognitive difficulties following adversity are not related to mental health: Findings from the ABCD study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maria VEDECHKINA, Auteur ; Joni HOLMES, Auteur . - p.1876-1889. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 36-4 (October 2024) . - p.1876-1889 Mots-clés : adolescent  adversity  childhood  cognition  mental health Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early life adversity is associated with differences in cognition and mental health that can impact on daily functioning. This study uses a hybrid machine-learning approach that combines random forest classification with hierarchical clustering to clarify whether there are cognitive differences between individuals who have experienced moderate-to-severe adversity relative to those have not experienced adversity, to explore whether different forms of adversity are associated with distinct cognitive alterations and whether these such alterations are related to mental health using data from the ABCD study (n = 5,955). Cognitive measures spanning language, reasoning, memory, risk-taking, affective control, and reward processing predicted whether a child had a history of adversity with reasonable accuracy (67%), and with good specificity and sensitivity (>70%). Two subgroups were identified within the adversity group and two within the no-adversity group that were distinguished by cognitive ability (low vs high). There was no evidence for specific associations between the type of adverse exposure and cognitive profile. Worse cognition predicted lower levels of mental health in unexposed children. However, while children who experience adversity had elevated mental health difficulties, their mental health did not differ as a function of cognitive ability, thus providing novel insight into the heterogeneity of psychiatric risk. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579423001220 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=539

Dimensions of internalizing symptoms are stable across early adolescence and predicted by executive functions: Longitudinal findings from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study / Maria VEDECHKINA in Development and Psychopathology, 36-3 (August 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 36-3 (August 2024) . - p.1284-1293 Titre : Dimensions of internalizing symptoms are stable across early adolescence and predicted by executive functions: Longitudinal findings from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maria VEDECHKINA, Auteur ; Marc BENNETT, Auteur ; Joni HOLMES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1284-1293 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Executive function  Internalising  Mental health  Transdiagnostic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early adolescence is characterized by rapid changes in executive function and increased vulnerability to internalizing difficulties. The aim of this study was to explore whether internalizing symptoms are stable across early adolescence and to identify possible links with executive function. Using data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study (ABCD), we identified four dimensions of internalizing symptoms from item-level ratings on the Child Behavior Checklist at ages 10 (n = 10,841) and 12 (n = 5,846), with an invariant factor structure across time. These dimensions corresponded to anxiety, depression, withdrawal, and somatic problems. We then examined associations between these dimensions and three aspects of executive function at age 10 measured by the NIH Toolbox: inhibition, shifting and working memory. Worse shifting and inhibition at age 10 was associated with elevated symptoms of anxiety and withdrawal cross-sectionally, while poor inhibition was also uniquely associated with symptoms of depression. Longitudinal associations were more limited: Worse inhibition at age 10 predicted greater symptoms of withdrawal at age 12, while worse shifting predicted fewer symptoms of anxiety 2 years later. These findings suggest that poor executive function in early adolescence is associated with greater internalizing difficulties and poor inhibition may contribute to later social withdrawal. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579423000524 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538 [article] Dimensions of internalizing symptoms are stable across early adolescence and predicted by executive functions: Longitudinal findings from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maria VEDECHKINA, Auteur ; Marc BENNETT, Auteur ; Joni HOLMES, Auteur . - p.1284-1293. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 36-3 (August 2024) . - p.1284-1293 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Executive function  Internalising  Mental health  Transdiagnostic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early adolescence is characterized by rapid changes in executive function and increased vulnerability to internalizing difficulties. The aim of this study was to explore whether internalizing symptoms are stable across early adolescence and to identify possible links with executive function. Using data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study (ABCD), we identified four dimensions of internalizing symptoms from item-level ratings on the Child Behavior Checklist at ages 10 (n = 10,841) and 12 (n = 5,846), with an invariant factor structure across time. These dimensions corresponded to anxiety, depression, withdrawal, and somatic problems. We then examined associations between these dimensions and three aspects of executive function at age 10 measured by the NIH Toolbox: inhibition, shifting and working memory. Worse shifting and inhibition at age 10 was associated with elevated symptoms of anxiety and withdrawal cross-sectionally, while poor inhibition was also uniquely associated with symptoms of depression. Longitudinal associations were more limited: Worse inhibition at age 10 predicted greater symptoms of withdrawal at age 12, while worse shifting predicted fewer symptoms of anxiety 2 years later. These findings suggest that poor executive function in early adolescence is associated with greater internalizing difficulties and poor inhibition may contribute to later social withdrawal. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579423000524 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538

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