Aberrant Neural Entrainment to Word-Level Speech Patterns in Fragile X Syndrome: Evidence for a Statistical Learning Deficit / Laura J. BATTERINK in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70312 Titre : Aberrant Neural Entrainment to Word-Level Speech Patterns in Fragile X Syndrome: Evidence for a Statistical Learning Deficit Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Laura J. BATTERINK, Auteur ; Yanchen LIU, Auteur ; Grace WESTERKAMP, Auteur ; Jae CITARELLA, Auteur ; Peyton SIEKIERSKI, Auteur ; Lynxie VOORHEES, Auteur ; Lauren E. ETHRIDGE, Auteur ; Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Rana ELMAGHRABY, Auteur ; Craig A. ERICKSON, Auteur ; Zag ELSAYED, Auteur ; Anubhuti GOEL, Auteur ; Steve W. WU, Auteur ; Ernest V. PEDAPATI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70312 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : auditory processing  EEG  electroencephalography  fragile X syndrome  language development  neural entrainment  statistical learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder, causes significant language and cognitive impairments. Statistical learning refers to the ability to extract patterns from sensory input through mere exposure and plays a central role in language acquisition. Surprisingly, statistical learning in FXS has not been explored. Given that children with FXS typically follow a delayed developmental trajectory for language, we hypothesized that they would show impaired statistical learning. To test this hypothesis, we used an EEG measure of neural entrainment to index statistical learning of hidden trisyllabic words within a continuous speech stream in children with FXS (n?=?17) and in typically developing controls (n?=?31). Children with FXS showed significantly reduced neural entrainment to words compared to controls, particularly in the superior temporal gyrus and transverse temporal gyrus (primary auditory cortex), providing evidence of statistical learning impairment. Notably, syllable-level entrainment was preserved or even enhanced in FXS, indicating that word-level deficits cannot be attributed to general auditory processing impairments. In addition, while typically developing controls showed an increase in word-level entrainment over the course of learning, children with FXS failed to show a similar increase over time. Taken together, this pattern of results demonstrates that children with FXS can process rapid, lower-order acoustic structure but struggle to integrate these syllables into longer, chunk-like word representations. Overall, these findings suggest that statistical learning is impaired in FXS and also suggest neural entrainment to statistical structure as a potential therapeutic target. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70312 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=590 [article] Aberrant Neural Entrainment to Word-Level Speech Patterns in Fragile X Syndrome: Evidence for a Statistical Learning Deficit [texte imprimé] / Laura J. BATTERINK, Auteur ; Yanchen LIU, Auteur ; Grace WESTERKAMP, Auteur ; Jae CITARELLA, Auteur ; Peyton SIEKIERSKI, Auteur ; Lynxie VOORHEES, Auteur ; Lauren E. ETHRIDGE, Auteur ; Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Rana ELMAGHRABY, Auteur ; Craig A. ERICKSON, Auteur ; Zag ELSAYED, Auteur ; Anubhuti GOEL, Auteur ; Steve W. WU, Auteur ; Ernest V. PEDAPATI, Auteur . - p.e70312. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70312 Mots-clés : auditory processing  EEG  electroencephalography  fragile X syndrome  language development  neural entrainment  statistical learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder, causes significant language and cognitive impairments. Statistical learning refers to the ability to extract patterns from sensory input through mere exposure and plays a central role in language acquisition. Surprisingly, statistical learning in FXS has not been explored. Given that children with FXS typically follow a delayed developmental trajectory for language, we hypothesized that they would show impaired statistical learning. To test this hypothesis, we used an EEG measure of neural entrainment to index statistical learning of hidden trisyllabic words within a continuous speech stream in children with FXS (n?=?17) and in typically developing controls (n?=?31). Children with FXS showed significantly reduced neural entrainment to words compared to controls, particularly in the superior temporal gyrus and transverse temporal gyrus (primary auditory cortex), providing evidence of statistical learning impairment. Notably, syllable-level entrainment was preserved or even enhanced in FXS, indicating that word-level deficits cannot be attributed to general auditory processing impairments. In addition, while typically developing controls showed an increase in word-level entrainment over the course of learning, children with FXS failed to show a similar increase over time. Taken together, this pattern of results demonstrates that children with FXS can process rapid, lower-order acoustic structure but struggle to integrate these syllables into longer, chunk-like word representations. Overall, these findings suggest that statistical learning is impaired in FXS and also suggest neural entrainment to statistical structure as a potential therapeutic target. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70312 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=590

Accelerated Theta Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Refractory Depression in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Elizabeth BLANK in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 55-3 (March 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-3 (March 2025) . - p.940-954 Titre : Accelerated Theta Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Refractory Depression in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elizabeth BLANK, Auteur ; Donald L. GILBERT, Auteur ; Steve W. WU, Auteur ; Travis LARSH, Auteur ; Rana ELMAGHRABY, Auteur ; Rui LIU, Auteur ; Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Grace WESTERKAMP, Auteur ; Yanchen LIU, Auteur ; Paul S. HORN, Auteur ; Ethan GREENSTEIN, Auteur ; John A. SWEENEY, Auteur ; Craig ERICKSON, Auteur ; Ernest V. PEDAPATI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.940-954 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Major depressive disorder (MDD) disproportionately affects those living with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and is associated with significant impairment and treatment recidivism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06244-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=548 [article] Accelerated Theta Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Refractory Depression in Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Elizabeth BLANK, Auteur ; Donald L. GILBERT, Auteur ; Steve W. WU, Auteur ; Travis LARSH, Auteur ; Rana ELMAGHRABY, Auteur ; Rui LIU, Auteur ; Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Grace WESTERKAMP, Auteur ; Yanchen LIU, Auteur ; Paul S. HORN, Auteur ; Ethan GREENSTEIN, Auteur ; John A. SWEENEY, Auteur ; Craig ERICKSON, Auteur ; Ernest V. PEDAPATI, Auteur . - p.940-954. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-3 (March 2025) . - p.940-954 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Major depressive disorder (MDD) disproportionately affects those living with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and is associated with significant impairment and treatment recidivism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06244-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=548

Divergent aperiodic slope and alpha dynamics expose cortical excitability gradients in fragile X syndrome / Rana ELMAGHRABY in Molecular Autism, 16 (2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 16 (2025) . - 49 Titre : Divergent aperiodic slope and alpha dynamics expose cortical excitability gradients in fragile X syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rana ELMAGHRABY, Auteur ; Yanchen LIU, Auteur ; Priya RAMESH, Auteur ; Grace WESTERKAMP, Auteur ; Meredith A. NELSON, Auteur ; Travis LARSH, Auteur ; Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Donald L. GILBERT, Auteur ; Steve W. WU, Auteur ; Craig ERICKSON, Auteur ; Ernest V. PEDAPATI, Auteur ; Rana ELMAGHRABY, Auteur ; Yanchen LIU, Auteur ; Priya RAMESH, Auteur ; Grace WESTERKAMP, Auteur ; Meredith A. NELSON, Auteur ; Travis LARSH, Auteur ; Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Donald L. GILBERT, Auteur ; Steve W. WU, Auteur ; Craig ERICKSON, Auteur ; Ernest V. PEDAPATI, Auteur Article en page(s) : 49 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Fragile X Syndrome/physiopathology  Male  Female  Cortical Excitability/physiology  Young Adult  Adult  Electroencephalography  Adolescent  Alpha Rhythm  Case-Control Studies  Aperiodic slope  Cortical excitability  Eeg  Fragile X syndrome  Sex differences  Source localization  SpecParam Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is characterized by cortical hyperexcitability, a core neurophysiological feature that contributes to sensory hypersensitivity, cognitive dysfunction, and other disabling symptoms. This disruption in excitatory-inhibitory balance is a key pharmacological target, yet reliable biomarkers to quantify it noninvasively remain limited. Spectral slope, derived from the aperiodic component of the EEG power spectrum, has emerged as a potential index of cortical excitability. Here, we evaluated spectral slope and theta-alpha peak frequency in individuals with FXS to assess their utility as candidate neurophysiological biomarkers. METHODS: Five minutes of resting state EEG data were collected from 70 subjects with FXS (mean age 20.5 ± 10 years; 32 females) and 71 age-matched controls (mean age 22.2 ± 10.7 years; 30 females). The Spectral Parameterization toolbox (SpecParam) was used to separate periodic and aperiodic components of the source localized power spectra and characterize aperiodic slope and theta-alpha peak frequency. RESULTS: Statistical modeling of aperiodic slope revealed a significant two-way interaction between sex and diagnostic group, but no interaction with brain lobe. Among males, the aperiodic slope was significantly decreased in FXS, indicating greater cortical excitability, compared to typically developing controls (TDC), whereas no difference was observed between FXS and TDC females. For peak alpha frequency, statistical modeling identified significant two-way interactions between sex and diagnostic group, and between brain lobe and diagnostic group, but no significant three-way interaction. LIMITATIONS: This study is limited by the absence of non-invasive measures of cortical fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). Additionally, participants were not stratified by mosaic status and FMRP levels were not quantified, which could affect variability and interpretation. CONCLUSION: Compared to traditional band-limited power measures, aperiodic slope provides a more direct and validated index of excitation-inhibition balance. Our findings of reduced aperiodic slope in male subjects with FXS align with preclinical circuit-level evidence of increased excitability in FXS and are consistent with previous findings of reduced individual alpha peak frequency, supporting with thalamocortical dysrhythmia models of FXS. Importantly, aperiodic slope measurements can be applied directly to various modalities of local field potential data, enabling more robust cross-species and translational comparisons. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-025-00682-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=569 [article] Divergent aperiodic slope and alpha dynamics expose cortical excitability gradients in fragile X syndrome [texte imprimé] / Rana ELMAGHRABY, Auteur ; Yanchen LIU, Auteur ; Priya RAMESH, Auteur ; Grace WESTERKAMP, Auteur ; Meredith A. NELSON, Auteur ; Travis LARSH, Auteur ; Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Donald L. GILBERT, Auteur ; Steve W. WU, Auteur ; Craig ERICKSON, Auteur ; Ernest V. PEDAPATI, Auteur ; Rana ELMAGHRABY, Auteur ; Yanchen LIU, Auteur ; Priya RAMESH, Auteur ; Grace WESTERKAMP, Auteur ; Meredith A. NELSON, Auteur ; Travis LARSH, Auteur ; Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Donald L. GILBERT, Auteur ; Steve W. WU, Auteur ; Craig ERICKSON, Auteur ; Ernest V. PEDAPATI, Auteur . - 49. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 16 (2025) . - 49 Mots-clés : Humans  Fragile X Syndrome/physiopathology  Male  Female  Cortical Excitability/physiology  Young Adult  Adult  Electroencephalography  Adolescent  Alpha Rhythm  Case-Control Studies  Aperiodic slope  Cortical excitability  Eeg  Fragile X syndrome  Sex differences  Source localization  SpecParam Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is characterized by cortical hyperexcitability, a core neurophysiological feature that contributes to sensory hypersensitivity, cognitive dysfunction, and other disabling symptoms. This disruption in excitatory-inhibitory balance is a key pharmacological target, yet reliable biomarkers to quantify it noninvasively remain limited. Spectral slope, derived from the aperiodic component of the EEG power spectrum, has emerged as a potential index of cortical excitability. Here, we evaluated spectral slope and theta-alpha peak frequency in individuals with FXS to assess their utility as candidate neurophysiological biomarkers. METHODS: Five minutes of resting state EEG data were collected from 70 subjects with FXS (mean age 20.5 ± 10 years; 32 females) and 71 age-matched controls (mean age 22.2 ± 10.7 years; 30 females). The Spectral Parameterization toolbox (SpecParam) was used to separate periodic and aperiodic components of the source localized power spectra and characterize aperiodic slope and theta-alpha peak frequency. RESULTS: Statistical modeling of aperiodic slope revealed a significant two-way interaction between sex and diagnostic group, but no interaction with brain lobe. Among males, the aperiodic slope was significantly decreased in FXS, indicating greater cortical excitability, compared to typically developing controls (TDC), whereas no difference was observed between FXS and TDC females. For peak alpha frequency, statistical modeling identified significant two-way interactions between sex and diagnostic group, and between brain lobe and diagnostic group, but no significant three-way interaction. LIMITATIONS: This study is limited by the absence of non-invasive measures of cortical fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). Additionally, participants were not stratified by mosaic status and FMRP levels were not quantified, which could affect variability and interpretation. CONCLUSION: Compared to traditional band-limited power measures, aperiodic slope provides a more direct and validated index of excitation-inhibition balance. Our findings of reduced aperiodic slope in male subjects with FXS align with preclinical circuit-level evidence of increased excitability in FXS and are consistent with previous findings of reduced individual alpha peak frequency, supporting with thalamocortical dysrhythmia models of FXS. Importantly, aperiodic slope measurements can be applied directly to various modalities of local field potential data, enabling more robust cross-species and translational comparisons. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-025-00682-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=569

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