Category Formation in Autism: Can Individuals with Autism Form Categories and Prototypes of Dot Patterns? / Holly ZAJAC GASTGEB in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42-8 (August 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-8 (August 2012) . - p.1694-1704 Titre : Category Formation in Autism: Can Individuals with Autism Form Categories and Prototypes of Dot Patterns? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Holly ZAJAC GASTGEB, Auteur ; Eva M. DUNDAS, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Mark S. STRAUSS, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1694-1704 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Categorization  Prototype  Autism  Cognition  Eye-tracking  Implicit Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a growing amount of evidence suggesting that individuals with autism have difficulty with categorization. One basic cognitive ability that may underlie this difficulty is the ability to abstract a prototype. The current study examined prototype and category formation with dot patterns in high-functioning adults with autism and matched controls. Individuals with autism were found to have difficulty forming prototypes and categories of dot patterns. The eye-tracking data did not reveal any between group differences in attention to the dot patterns. However, relationships between performance and intelligence in the autism group suggest possible processing differences between the groups. Results are consistent with previous studies that have found deficits in prototype formation and extend these deficits to dot patterns. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1411-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=178 [article] Category Formation in Autism: Can Individuals with Autism Form Categories and Prototypes of Dot Patterns? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Holly ZAJAC GASTGEB, Auteur ; Eva M. DUNDAS, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Mark S. STRAUSS, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1694-1704. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-8 (August 2012) . - p.1694-1704 Mots-clés : Categorization  Prototype  Autism  Cognition  Eye-tracking  Implicit Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a growing amount of evidence suggesting that individuals with autism have difficulty with categorization. One basic cognitive ability that may underlie this difficulty is the ability to abstract a prototype. The current study examined prototype and category formation with dot patterns in high-functioning adults with autism and matched controls. Individuals with autism were found to have difficulty forming prototypes and categories of dot patterns. The eye-tracking data did not reveal any between group differences in attention to the dot patterns. However, relationships between performance and intelligence in the autism group suggest possible processing differences between the groups. Results are consistent with previous studies that have found deficits in prototype formation and extend these deficits to dot patterns. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1411-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=178

Prototype formation in autism: Can individuals with autism abstract facial prototypes? / Holly ZAJAC GASTGEB in Autism Research, 2-5 (October 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 2-5 (October 2009) . - p.279-284 Titre : Prototype formation in autism: Can individuals with autism abstract facial prototypes? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Holly ZAJAC GASTGEB, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Keiran M. RUMP, Auteur ; Catherine A. BEST, Auteur ; Mark S. STRAUSS, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.279-284 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : prototype autism categorization face-perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prototype formation is a critical skill for category learning. Research suggests that individuals with autism may have a deficit in prototype formation of some objects; however, results are mixed. This study used a natural category, faces, to further examine prototype formation in high-functioning individuals with autism. High-functioning children (age 8-13 years) and adults with autism (age 17-53 years) and matched controls were tested in a facial prototype formation task that has been used to test prototype formation abilities in typically developing infants and adults [Strauss, [1979]]. Participants were familiarized to a series of faces depicting subtle variations in the spatial distance of facial features, and were then given a forced choice familiarity test between the mean prototype and the mode prototype. Overall, individuals in the autism group were significantly less likely to select the mean prototype face. Even though the children with autism showed this difference in prototype formation, this pattern was driven primarily by the adults, because the adults with autism were approximately four times less likely to select the mean prototype than were the control adults. These results provide further evidence that individuals with autism have difficulty abstracting subtle spatial information that is necessary not only for the formation of a mean prototype, but also for categorizing faces and objects. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.93 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=938 [article] Prototype formation in autism: Can individuals with autism abstract facial prototypes? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Holly ZAJAC GASTGEB, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Keiran M. RUMP, Auteur ; Catherine A. BEST, Auteur ; Mark S. STRAUSS, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.279-284. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 2-5 (October 2009) . - p.279-284 Mots-clés : prototype autism categorization face-perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prototype formation is a critical skill for category learning. Research suggests that individuals with autism may have a deficit in prototype formation of some objects; however, results are mixed. This study used a natural category, faces, to further examine prototype formation in high-functioning individuals with autism. High-functioning children (age 8-13 years) and adults with autism (age 17-53 years) and matched controls were tested in a facial prototype formation task that has been used to test prototype formation abilities in typically developing infants and adults [Strauss, [1979]]. Participants were familiarized to a series of faces depicting subtle variations in the spatial distance of facial features, and were then given a forced choice familiarity test between the mean prototype and the mode prototype. Overall, individuals in the autism group were significantly less likely to select the mean prototype face. Even though the children with autism showed this difference in prototype formation, this pattern was driven primarily by the adults, because the adults with autism were approximately four times less likely to select the mean prototype than were the control adults. These results provide further evidence that individuals with autism have difficulty abstracting subtle spatial information that is necessary not only for the formation of a mean prototype, but also for categorizing faces and objects. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.93 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=938

The Development of Facial Gender Categorization in Individuals with and without Autism: The Impact of Typicality / Mark S. STRAUSS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42-9 (September 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-9 (September 2012) . - p.1847-1855 Titre : The Development of Facial Gender Categorization in Individuals with and without Autism: The Impact of Typicality Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mark S. STRAUSS, Auteur ; Lisa NEWELL, Auteur ; Catherine A. BEST, Auteur ; Sarah HANNIGEN, Auteur ; Holly ZAJAC GASTGEB, Auteur ; Joyce L. GIOVANNELLI, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1847-1855 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Gender categorization  Typicality  Face perception  Autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While much research has examined the development of facial recognition abilities, less is known about the ability of individuals with and without autism to categorize facial gender. The current study tested gender categorization abilities in high-functioning children (5–7 and 8–12 years), adolescents (13–17 years), and adults (18–53 years) with autism and matched controls. Naturalistic videos depicted faces that were either typical or less typical of each gender. Both groups improved in their performance across development. However, control children reached expertise that was similar to control adults by 8–12 years; whereas, adults with autism never reached this level of expertise, particularly with less typical gender faces. Results suggest that individuals with autism employ different face processing mechanisms than typically developing individuals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1428-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=180 [article] The Development of Facial Gender Categorization in Individuals with and without Autism: The Impact of Typicality [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mark S. STRAUSS, Auteur ; Lisa NEWELL, Auteur ; Catherine A. BEST, Auteur ; Sarah HANNIGEN, Auteur ; Holly ZAJAC GASTGEB, Auteur ; Joyce L. GIOVANNELLI, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1847-1855. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-9 (September 2012) . - p.1847-1855 Mots-clés : Gender categorization  Typicality  Face perception  Autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While much research has examined the development of facial recognition abilities, less is known about the ability of individuals with and without autism to categorize facial gender. The current study tested gender categorization abilities in high-functioning children (5–7 and 8–12 years), adolescents (13–17 years), and adults (18–53 years) with autism and matched controls. Naturalistic videos depicted faces that were either typical or less typical of each gender. Both groups improved in their performance across development. However, control children reached expertise that was similar to control adults by 8–12 years; whereas, adults with autism never reached this level of expertise, particularly with less typical gender faces. Results suggest that individuals with autism employ different face processing mechanisms than typically developing individuals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1428-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=180

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