Differences of Symptom Distribution Across Adult Age in High Functioning Individuals on the Autism Spectrum Using Subscales of the Autism Spectrum Quotient / R. SIEBES in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-11 (November 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-11 (November 2018) . - p.3939-3944 Titre : Differences of Symptom Distribution Across Adult Age in High Functioning Individuals on the Autism Spectrum Using Subscales of the Autism Spectrum Quotient Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. SIEBES, Auteur ; J. W. MUNTJEWERFF, Auteur ; W. STAAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3939-3944 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adults  Age groups  Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ)  Subscales Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is known about the distribution of symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) across the lifespan. In this cross-sectional study, we examined differences between subscales of the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) between different age groups. 654 Subjects referred to an outpatient University Clinic with specialized expertise in ASD were included. Data collection, including self-report and report by spouses, was performed from 2008 to 2014. Results show no significant differences between the different age groups. AQ scores based on self-report corresponded remarkably well with those from their spouses. In conclusion, the main traits of an ASD appear stable between the different age groups. Also, the results show that using the AQ, patients have largely the same appreciation of symptoms as their spouses. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3657-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=370 [article] Differences of Symptom Distribution Across Adult Age in High Functioning Individuals on the Autism Spectrum Using Subscales of the Autism Spectrum Quotient [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. SIEBES, Auteur ; J. W. MUNTJEWERFF, Auteur ; W. STAAL, Auteur . - p.3939-3944. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-11 (November 2018) . - p.3939-3944 Mots-clés : Adults  Age groups  Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ)  Subscales Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is known about the distribution of symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) across the lifespan. In this cross-sectional study, we examined differences between subscales of the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) between different age groups. 654 Subjects referred to an outpatient University Clinic with specialized expertise in ASD were included. Data collection, including self-report and report by spouses, was performed from 2008 to 2014. Results show no significant differences between the different age groups. AQ scores based on self-report corresponded remarkably well with those from their spouses. In conclusion, the main traits of an ASD appear stable between the different age groups. Also, the results show that using the AQ, patients have largely the same appreciation of symptoms as their spouses. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3657-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=370

EHMT1 mosaicism in apparently unaffected parents is associated with autism spectrum disorder and neurocognitive dysfunction / A. DE BOER in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 5p. Titre : EHMT1 mosaicism in apparently unaffected parents is associated with autism spectrum disorder and neurocognitive dysfunction Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. DE BOER, Auteur ; K. VERMEULEN, Auteur ; J. I. M. EGGER, Auteur ; J. G. E. JANZING, Auteur ; N. DE LEEUW, Auteur ; H. E. VEENSTRA-KNOL, Auteur ; N. S. DEN HOLLANDER, Auteur ; H. VAN BOKHOVEN, Auteur ; W. STAAL, Auteur ; T. KLEEFSTRA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 5p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Cognition  Ehtm1  Kleefstra syndrome  Major depressive disorder  Mosaicism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Genetic mosaicism is only detected occasionally when there are no obvious health or developmental issues. Most cases concern healthy parents in whom mosaicism is identified upon targeted testing of a genetic defect that was initially detected in their children. A germline genetic defect affecting the euchromatin histone methyltransferase 1 (EHMT1) gene causes Kleefstra syndrome, which is associated with the typical triad of distinct facial appearance, (childhood) hypotonia, and intellectual disability. A high degree of psychopathology is associated with this syndrome. A few parents with a mosaic EHMT1 mutation have been detected upon testing after a child was diagnosed with a germline EHMT1 defect. At first glance, carriers of a mosaic EHMT1 mutation appeared to function normally. However, recent studies have shown that de novo, postzygotic mutations in important developmental genes significantly contribute to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Therefore, we hypothesized that EHMT1 mosaicism could cause neuropsychiatric defects. To investigate this, we performed a detailed investigation of cognitive neuropsychiatric parameters in parents identified with EHMT1 mosaicism. Methods: Three adults (two males, one female) with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of EHMT1 mosaicism were examined by means of a battery of tests and observational instruments covering both neurocognitive and psychiatric features. The battery included the following instruments: the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), the mini Psychiatric Assessment Schedules for Adults with Developmental Disabilities (mini PAS-ADD), the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS), and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). These measures were compared with our previously reported data from Kleefstra syndrome patients with confirmed (germline) EHMT1 defects. Results: All three subjects achieved maximum total scores on the VABS, indicative of adequate (adaptive) functioning. In all, scores above cutoff were found on the ADOS for ASD and on the mini PAS-ADD for major depressive disorder (lifetime). Finally, results on the CANTAB showed impaired cognitive flexibility in all subjects. Conclusion: Individuals with EHMT1 mosaicism seem to have increased vulnerability for developing severe psychopathology, especially ASD and mood disorders. Although at first glance they appear to be well-adapted in their daily functioning, they may experience significant psychiatric symptoms and show reduced cognitive flexibility in comparison to the general population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0193-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=354 [article] EHMT1 mosaicism in apparently unaffected parents is associated with autism spectrum disorder and neurocognitive dysfunction [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. DE BOER, Auteur ; K. VERMEULEN, Auteur ; J. I. M. EGGER, Auteur ; J. G. E. JANZING, Auteur ; N. DE LEEUW, Auteur ; H. E. VEENSTRA-KNOL, Auteur ; N. S. DEN HOLLANDER, Auteur ; H. VAN BOKHOVEN, Auteur ; W. STAAL, Auteur ; T. KLEEFSTRA, Auteur . - 5p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 5p. Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Cognition  Ehtm1  Kleefstra syndrome  Major depressive disorder  Mosaicism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Genetic mosaicism is only detected occasionally when there are no obvious health or developmental issues. Most cases concern healthy parents in whom mosaicism is identified upon targeted testing of a genetic defect that was initially detected in their children. A germline genetic defect affecting the euchromatin histone methyltransferase 1 (EHMT1) gene causes Kleefstra syndrome, which is associated with the typical triad of distinct facial appearance, (childhood) hypotonia, and intellectual disability. A high degree of psychopathology is associated with this syndrome. A few parents with a mosaic EHMT1 mutation have been detected upon testing after a child was diagnosed with a germline EHMT1 defect. At first glance, carriers of a mosaic EHMT1 mutation appeared to function normally. However, recent studies have shown that de novo, postzygotic mutations in important developmental genes significantly contribute to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Therefore, we hypothesized that EHMT1 mosaicism could cause neuropsychiatric defects. To investigate this, we performed a detailed investigation of cognitive neuropsychiatric parameters in parents identified with EHMT1 mosaicism. Methods: Three adults (two males, one female) with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of EHMT1 mosaicism were examined by means of a battery of tests and observational instruments covering both neurocognitive and psychiatric features. The battery included the following instruments: the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), the mini Psychiatric Assessment Schedules for Adults with Developmental Disabilities (mini PAS-ADD), the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS), and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). These measures were compared with our previously reported data from Kleefstra syndrome patients with confirmed (germline) EHMT1 defects. Results: All three subjects achieved maximum total scores on the VABS, indicative of adequate (adaptive) functioning. In all, scores above cutoff were found on the ADOS for ASD and on the mini PAS-ADD for major depressive disorder (lifetime). Finally, results on the CANTAB showed impaired cognitive flexibility in all subjects. Conclusion: Individuals with EHMT1 mosaicism seem to have increased vulnerability for developing severe psychopathology, especially ASD and mood disorders. Although at first glance they appear to be well-adapted in their daily functioning, they may experience significant psychiatric symptoms and show reduced cognitive flexibility in comparison to the general population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0193-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=354

Emotional Arousal During Social Stress in Young Adults With Autism: Insights From Heart Rate, Heart Rate Variability and Self-Report / Renee R. DIJKHUIS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-6 (June 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-6 (June 2019) . - p.2524-2535 Titre : Emotional Arousal During Social Stress in Young Adults With Autism: Insights From Heart Rate, Heart Rate Variability and Self-Report Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Renee R. DIJKHUIS, Auteur ; T. ZIERMANS, Auteur ; S. VAN RIJN, Auteur ; W. STAAL, Auteur ; H. SWAAB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2524-2535 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Emotion regulation  Emotional awareness  Physiological arousal  Social stress  Young adulthood Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In order to better understand which factors play a role in non-adaptive social behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) we looked into physiological arousal and awareness of one's own emotions. Heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) were measured during a public speaking task in 51 young adults with ASD and 28 typically developing (TD) controls. The results showed no significant group differences in baseline HR/HRV, HR reactivity (change from baseline to the speaking task) or self-reported emotional awareness. However, adults with ASD showed significantly lower HRV reactivity (p = .023, d = 0.6) compared to TD adults. These results suggest a mismatch between arousal regulation and emotional awareness, which may be related to problems in social adaptation in ASD. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04000-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=400 [article] Emotional Arousal During Social Stress in Young Adults With Autism: Insights From Heart Rate, Heart Rate Variability and Self-Report [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Renee R. DIJKHUIS, Auteur ; T. ZIERMANS, Auteur ; S. VAN RIJN, Auteur ; W. STAAL, Auteur ; H. SWAAB, Auteur . - p.2524-2535. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-6 (June 2019) . - p.2524-2535 Mots-clés : Emotion regulation  Emotional awareness  Physiological arousal  Social stress  Young adulthood Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In order to better understand which factors play a role in non-adaptive social behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) we looked into physiological arousal and awareness of one's own emotions. Heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) were measured during a public speaking task in 51 young adults with ASD and 28 typically developing (TD) controls. The results showed no significant group differences in baseline HR/HRV, HR reactivity (change from baseline to the speaking task) or self-reported emotional awareness. However, adults with ASD showed significantly lower HRV reactivity (p = .023, d = 0.6) compared to TD adults. These results suggest a mismatch between arousal regulation and emotional awareness, which may be related to problems in social adaptation in ASD. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04000-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=400

Impairments in cognitive empathy and alexithymia occur independently of executive functioning in college students with autism / T. ZIERMANS in Autism, 23-6 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 23-6 (August 2019) . - p.1519-1530 Titre : Impairments in cognitive empathy and alexithymia occur independently of executive functioning in college students with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : T. ZIERMANS, Auteur ; Y. DE BRUIJN, Auteur ; Renee R. DIJKHUIS, Auteur ; W. STAAL, Auteur ; H. SWAAB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1519-1530 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  alexithymia  autism spectrum disorders  college students  empathy  executive functioning  high IQ Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Reduced empathy and alexithymic traits are common across the autism spectrum, but it is unknown whether this is also true for intellectually advanced adults with autism spectrum disorder. The aim of this study was to examine whether college students with autism spectrum disorder experience difficulties with empathy and alexithymia, and whether this is associated with their cognitive levels of executive functioning. In total, 53 college students with autism spectrum disorder were compared to a gender-matched group of 29 neurotypical students on cognitive and affective dimensions of empathy and alexithymia. In addition, cognitive performance on executive functioning was measured with computerized and paper-and-pencil tasks. The autism spectrum disorder group scored significantly lower on cognitive empathy and higher on cognitive alexithymia (both d = 0.65). The difference on cognitive empathy also remained significant after controlling for levels of cognitive alexithymia. There were no group differences on affective empathy and alexithymia. No significant relations between executive functioning and cognitive alexithymia or cognitive empathy were detected. Together, these findings suggest that intellectually advanced individuals with autism spectrum disorder experience serious impairments in the cognitive processing of social-emotional information. However, these impairments cannot be attributed to individual levels of cognitive executive functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361318817716 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=403 [article] Impairments in cognitive empathy and alexithymia occur independently of executive functioning in college students with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / T. ZIERMANS, Auteur ; Y. DE BRUIJN, Auteur ; Renee R. DIJKHUIS, Auteur ; W. STAAL, Auteur ; H. SWAAB, Auteur . - p.1519-1530. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 23-6 (August 2019) . - p.1519-1530 Mots-clés : adults  alexithymia  autism spectrum disorders  college students  empathy  executive functioning  high IQ Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Reduced empathy and alexithymic traits are common across the autism spectrum, but it is unknown whether this is also true for intellectually advanced adults with autism spectrum disorder. The aim of this study was to examine whether college students with autism spectrum disorder experience difficulties with empathy and alexithymia, and whether this is associated with their cognitive levels of executive functioning. In total, 53 college students with autism spectrum disorder were compared to a gender-matched group of 29 neurotypical students on cognitive and affective dimensions of empathy and alexithymia. In addition, cognitive performance on executive functioning was measured with computerized and paper-and-pencil tasks. The autism spectrum disorder group scored significantly lower on cognitive empathy and higher on cognitive alexithymia (both d = 0.65). The difference on cognitive empathy also remained significant after controlling for levels of cognitive alexithymia. There were no group differences on affective empathy and alexithymia. No significant relations between executive functioning and cognitive alexithymia or cognitive empathy were detected. Together, these findings suggest that intellectually advanced individuals with autism spectrum disorder experience serious impairments in the cognitive processing of social-emotional information. However, these impairments cannot be attributed to individual levels of cognitive executive functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361318817716 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=403

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