Dépouillements

Editorial / Patricia HOWLIN in Autism, 3-1 (March 1999)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.5-6 Titre : Editorial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur ; Rita JORDAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.5-6 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=207 [article] Editorial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur ; Rita JORDAN, Auteur . - p.5-6. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.5-6 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=207

Mortality and Causes of Death in Pervasive Developmental Disorders / Torben ISAGER in Autism, 3-1 (March 1999)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.7-16 Titre : Mortality and Causes of Death in Pervasive Developmental Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Torben ISAGER, Auteur ; Svend E. MOURIDSEN, Auteur ; Bente RICH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.7-16 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In the present study, we rediagnosed and followed a clinical sample of 341 children with related pervasive developmental disorders for an average of 24 years (current mean age of 31 years; range 14-48 years). Twelve patients had died. For the whole group crude mortality was 3.5 percent (95 percent Confidence Interval 1.8-6.1 percent). The standardized mortality ratio was 1.9 (95 percent Confidence Interval 1.0-3.4). For the diagnostic subgroups crude mortality was: infantile autism 3.4 percent, autistic-like conditions 3.4 percent, borderline childhood psychosis 2.5 percent and disintegrative psychosis 15.4 percent. Mortality was related to intelligence in a U-shaped fashion, with both severe retardation and normal intelligence being associated with a relatively high risk of death. The distribution between natural causes and unnatural causes of death (accidents, suicide) resembled the pattern seen in a background population of adolescents and younger adults. Five of the 12 deaths were related to epilepsy. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208 [article] Mortality and Causes of Death in Pervasive Developmental Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Torben ISAGER, Auteur ; Svend E. MOURIDSEN, Auteur ; Bente RICH, Auteur . - p.7-16. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.7-16 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In the present study, we rediagnosed and followed a clinical sample of 341 children with related pervasive developmental disorders for an average of 24 years (current mean age of 31 years; range 14-48 years). Twelve patients had died. For the whole group crude mortality was 3.5 percent (95 percent Confidence Interval 1.8-6.1 percent). The standardized mortality ratio was 1.9 (95 percent Confidence Interval 1.0-3.4). For the diagnostic subgroups crude mortality was: infantile autism 3.4 percent, autistic-like conditions 3.4 percent, borderline childhood psychosis 2.5 percent and disintegrative psychosis 15.4 percent. Mortality was related to intelligence in a U-shaped fashion, with both severe retardation and normal intelligence being associated with a relatively high risk of death. The distribution between natural causes and unnatural causes of death (accidents, suicide) resembled the pattern seen in a background population of adolescents and younger adults. Five of the 12 deaths were related to epilepsy. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208

What Children with Autism Understand about Thoughts and Thought Bubbles / Sarah PARSONS in Autism, 3-1 (March 1999)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.17-38 Titre : What Children with Autism Understand about Thoughts and Thought Bubbles Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah PARSONS, Auteur ; Peter MITCHELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.17-38 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children were tested on a series of tasks utilizing the pictorial convention of thought bubbles. In the first study, children with autism (mean verbal mental age 7:6 years) successfully interpreted thought bubbles as representational devices that could be used (a) to infer an unknown reality and (b) to inform them about the content of false beliefs. In the second study, children with autism (mean VMA 5:7 years) and children with non-specific learning disabilities (mean VMA 4:9 years) were tested on two false belief tasks which depicted the content of a protagonist’s belief encapsulated in a thought bubble and two that did not. In both groups, performance was improved in the ‘bubble condition’. It appears that at least some children with autism are capable of understanding thought bubbles as representational devices. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208 [article] What Children with Autism Understand about Thoughts and Thought Bubbles [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah PARSONS, Auteur ; Peter MITCHELL, Auteur . - p.17-38. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.17-38 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children were tested on a series of tasks utilizing the pictorial convention of thought bubbles. In the first study, children with autism (mean verbal mental age 7:6 years) successfully interpreted thought bubbles as representational devices that could be used (a) to infer an unknown reality and (b) to inform them about the content of false beliefs. In the second study, children with autism (mean VMA 5:7 years) and children with non-specific learning disabilities (mean VMA 4:9 years) were tested on two false belief tasks which depicted the content of a protagonist’s belief encapsulated in a thought bubble and two that did not. In both groups, performance was improved in the ‘bubble condition’. It appears that at least some children with autism are capable of understanding thought bubbles as representational devices. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208

Does Autism Cluster Geographically? A Research Note / Simon BARON-COHEN in Autism, 3-1 (March 1999)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.39-43 Titre : Does Autism Cluster Geographically? A Research Note Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Kim SAUNDERS, Auteur ; Suniti CHAKRABARTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.39-43 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We report an apparent cluster of seven cases of autism spectrum disorder in a network of a few streets in the UK. Clusters do not easily fit the dominant genetic theory of autism. Whilst this could in principle represent the effect of an environmental pathogen, we consider an alternative interpretation: that autism spectrum conditions may be so much more common than was previously thought that finding seven cases in an area of a few streets is not necessarily higher than one would expect from chance. We conclude by highlighting the need for an agewise epidemiological study of autism spectrum conditions, since this cluster is only higher than expected when compared with expected rates for under-5s rather than under-18s. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208 [article] Does Autism Cluster Geographically? A Research Note [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Kim SAUNDERS, Auteur ; Suniti CHAKRABARTI, Auteur . - p.39-43. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.39-43 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We report an apparent cluster of seven cases of autism spectrum disorder in a network of a few streets in the UK. Clusters do not easily fit the dominant genetic theory of autism. Whilst this could in principle represent the effect of an environmental pathogen, we consider an alternative interpretation: that autism spectrum conditions may be so much more common than was previously thought that finding seven cases in an area of a few streets is not necessarily higher than one would expect from chance. We conclude by highlighting the need for an agewise epidemiological study of autism spectrum conditions, since this cluster is only higher than expected when compared with expected rates for under-5s rather than under-18s. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208

A Gluten-Free Diet as an Intervention for Autism and Associated Spectrum Disorders: Preliminary Findings / Paul WHITELEY in Autism, 3-1 (March 1999)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.45-65 Titre : A Gluten-Free Diet as an Intervention for Autism and Associated Spectrum Disorders: Preliminary Findings Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Paul WHITELEY, Auteur ; Jacqui RODGERS, Auteur ; Dawn SAVERY, Auteur ; Paul SHATTOCK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.45-65 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The opioid-excess hypothesis of autism suggests that autism is the consequence of the incomplete breakdown and excessive absorption of peptides with opioid activity (derived from foods which contain gluten and casein), causing disruption to biochemical and neuroregulatory processes. Biochemical evidence has indicated the presence of increased levels of peptides in the urine of people with autism, and previous behavioural studies have demonstrated a connection between the long term exclusion of gluten and casein from the diet and improvements in the behaviour of some children with autism. The introduction of a gluten-free diet to children with autism and associated spectrum disorders (n 5 22) was monitored over a 5 month period using a battery of parental and teacher interview/questionnaire sessions, observation reports, psychometric tests and urinary profiling. Results suggested that participants on a gluten-free diet showed an improvement on a number of behavioural measures. However there was no significant decrease in specific urinary compounds excreted when compared with controls and a gluten challenge group. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208 [article] A Gluten-Free Diet as an Intervention for Autism and Associated Spectrum Disorders: Preliminary Findings [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Paul WHITELEY, Auteur ; Jacqui RODGERS, Auteur ; Dawn SAVERY, Auteur ; Paul SHATTOCK, Auteur . - p.45-65. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.45-65 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The opioid-excess hypothesis of autism suggests that autism is the consequence of the incomplete breakdown and excessive absorption of peptides with opioid activity (derived from foods which contain gluten and casein), causing disruption to biochemical and neuroregulatory processes. Biochemical evidence has indicated the presence of increased levels of peptides in the urine of people with autism, and previous behavioural studies have demonstrated a connection between the long term exclusion of gluten and casein from the diet and improvements in the behaviour of some children with autism. The introduction of a gluten-free diet to children with autism and associated spectrum disorders (n 5 22) was monitored over a 5 month period using a battery of parental and teacher interview/questionnaire sessions, observation reports, psychometric tests and urinary profiling. Results suggested that participants on a gluten-free diet showed an improvement on a number of behavioural measures. However there was no significant decrease in specific urinary compounds excreted when compared with controls and a gluten challenge group. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208

?-Casomorphin Induces Fos-Like Immunoreactivity in Discrete Brain Regions Relevant to Schizophrenia and Autism / Zhongjie SUN in Autism, 3-1 (March 1999)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.67-83 Titre : ?-Casomorphin Induces Fos-Like Immunoreactivity in Discrete Brain Regions Relevant to Schizophrenia and Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Zhongjie SUN, Auteur ; J. Robert CADE, Auteur ; Melvin J. FREGLY, Auteur ; R. Malcolm PRIVETTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.67-83 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The induction of Fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) was used to determine the brain localization affected by b-casomorphin-7 (b-CM7). Peripheral administration of human b-CM7 at different doses (5, 10 and 30 mg/kg, IV for 1 hour) to rats induced moderate to strong FLI in discrete brain regions including the nucleus accumbens, caudate putamen, ventral tegmental and median raphe nucleus, and orbitofrontal, prefrontal, parietal, temporal, occipital and entorhinal cortex. All of the above areas have been shown to be altered either functionally or anatomically in patients with schizophrenia, and most have been shown to be functionally abnormal in autism. Some of these brain areas are originators or components of dopaminergic, serotoninergic and GABA-ergic pathways, suggesting that b-CM7 can affect the function of all of these systems. The role of some other affected areas in emotional and motivated behavior, social adaptation, hallucinations and delusions suggests that b-CM7, which was found in high concentration in the CSF, blood and urine of patients with either schizophrenia or autism, may be relevant to schizophrenia and autism. Induction of FLI in the above brain areas by a moderate dose (10 mg/kg) of b-CM7 was attenuated significantly, or blocked, by pretreatment with naloxone (2 mg/kg, IP). It is concluded that human b-CM7 can cross the blood-brain barrier, activate opioid receptors and affect brain regions similar to those affected by schizophrenia and autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208 [article] ?-Casomorphin Induces Fos-Like Immunoreactivity in Discrete Brain Regions Relevant to Schizophrenia and Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Zhongjie SUN, Auteur ; J. Robert CADE, Auteur ; Melvin J. FREGLY, Auteur ; R. Malcolm PRIVETTE, Auteur . - p.67-83. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.67-83 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The induction of Fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) was used to determine the brain localization affected by b-casomorphin-7 (b-CM7). Peripheral administration of human b-CM7 at different doses (5, 10 and 30 mg/kg, IV for 1 hour) to rats induced moderate to strong FLI in discrete brain regions including the nucleus accumbens, caudate putamen, ventral tegmental and median raphe nucleus, and orbitofrontal, prefrontal, parietal, temporal, occipital and entorhinal cortex. All of the above areas have been shown to be altered either functionally or anatomically in patients with schizophrenia, and most have been shown to be functionally abnormal in autism. Some of these brain areas are originators or components of dopaminergic, serotoninergic and GABA-ergic pathways, suggesting that b-CM7 can affect the function of all of these systems. The role of some other affected areas in emotional and motivated behavior, social adaptation, hallucinations and delusions suggests that b-CM7, which was found in high concentration in the CSF, blood and urine of patients with either schizophrenia or autism, may be relevant to schizophrenia and autism. Induction of FLI in the above brain areas by a moderate dose (10 mg/kg) of b-CM7 was attenuated significantly, or blocked, by pretreatment with naloxone (2 mg/kg, IP). It is concluded that human b-CM7 can cross the blood-brain barrier, activate opioid receptors and affect brain regions similar to those affected by schizophrenia and autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208

A Peptide Found in Schizophrenia and Autism Causes Behavioral Changes in Rats / Zhongjie SUN in Autism, 3-1 (March 1999)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.85-95 Titre : A Peptide Found in Schizophrenia and Autism Causes Behavioral Changes in Rats Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Zhongjie SUN, Auteur ; J. Robert CADE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.85-95 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In a previous study we showed that ?-casomorphin-7 (?-CM7) is taken up by brain regions relevant to schizophrenia and autism. The present experiment was designed to find whether ?-CM7 has any behavioral or analgesic effects in rats. About 65 seconds after treatment with different doses of ?-CM7, rats became restless and ran violently, with teeth chattering and with rapid respiration. Seven minutes later, the rats became inactive with less walking, distancing themselves from the other rat in the same cage, and sitting in, or putting their head against, the corner of the cage. The sound response was reduced and social interaction was absent. One hour later, the rats showed hyperdefensiveness. The above behavioral effects of ?-CM7 did not occur when rats were pretreated with naloxone (2 mg/kg, IP). The rats receiving saline did not show any behavioral changes throughout the 2 hour period of observation. ?-CM7 also demonstrated analgesic effects, which could be blocked by naloxone. The results suggest that ?-CM7 may play a role in behavioral disorders such as autism and schizophrenia. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208 [article] A Peptide Found in Schizophrenia and Autism Causes Behavioral Changes in Rats [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Zhongjie SUN, Auteur ; J. Robert CADE, Auteur . - p.85-95. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.85-95 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In a previous study we showed that ?-casomorphin-7 (?-CM7) is taken up by brain regions relevant to schizophrenia and autism. The present experiment was designed to find whether ?-CM7 has any behavioral or analgesic effects in rats. About 65 seconds after treatment with different doses of ?-CM7, rats became restless and ran violently, with teeth chattering and with rapid respiration. Seven minutes later, the rats became inactive with less walking, distancing themselves from the other rat in the same cage, and sitting in, or putting their head against, the corner of the cage. The sound response was reduced and social interaction was absent. One hour later, the rats showed hyperdefensiveness. The above behavioral effects of ?-CM7 did not occur when rats were pretreated with naloxone (2 mg/kg, IP). The rats receiving saline did not show any behavioral changes throughout the 2 hour period of observation. ?-CM7 also demonstrated analgesic effects, which could be blocked by naloxone. The results suggest that ?-CM7 may play a role in behavioral disorders such as autism and schizophrenia. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208

Autism Resources and Information on the Internet or World Wide Web / Tony CHARMAN in Autism, 3-1 (March 1999)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.97-100 Titre : Autism Resources and Information on the Internet or World Wide Web Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.97-100 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208 [article] Autism Resources and Information on the Internet or World Wide Web [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - p.97-100. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.97-100 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208

Review of Research into Educational Interventions for Children with Autism in the UK / Rita JORDAN in Autism, 3-1 (March 1999)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.101-110 Titre : Review of Research into Educational Interventions for Children with Autism in the UK Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rita JORDAN, Auteur ; Glenys JONES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.101-110 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208 [article] Review of Research into Educational Interventions for Children with Autism in the UK [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rita JORDAN, Auteur ; Glenys JONES, Auteur . - p.101-110. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.101-110 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208

MMR and Autism: C. Gillberg H. Heijdal, Autism, 1998, 2(4), 423-4 / Paul SHATTOCK in Autism, 3-1 (March 1999)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.111-112 Titre : MMR and Autism: C. Gillberg H. Heijdal, Autism, 1998, 2(4), 423-4 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Paul SHATTOCK, Auteur ; Paul WHITELEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.111-112 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001010 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208 [article] MMR and Autism: C. Gillberg H. Heijdal, Autism, 1998, 2(4), 423-4 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Paul SHATTOCK, Auteur ; Paul WHITELEY, Auteur . - p.111-112. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 3-1 (March 1999) . - p.111-112 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361399003001010 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=208