Dépouillements

Facial Expression Production in Autism: A Meta-Analysis / D. A. TREVISAN in Autism Research, 11-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1586-1601 Titre : Facial Expression Production in Autism: A Meta-Analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. A. TREVISAN, Auteur ; M. HOSKYN, Auteur ; Elina BIRMINGHAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1586-1601 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  facial expressions  meta-analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This meta-analysis summarized studies that examined group differences on the production of facial expressions in participants with ASD compared to typically developing or nonautistic clinical comparison groups. The overall summary effect from 67 effect sizes representing the average ASD-comparison group differences in facial expressions was -0.481, indicating a moderate effect size. We conducted subgroup analyses to group effect sizes according to separate facial expression abilities identified in the literature. These analyses revealed that participants with ASD display facial expressions less frequently and for less amount of time, and they are less likely to share facial expressions with others or automatically mimic the expressions of real faces or face stimuli. Their facial expressions are also judged to be lower in quality and are expressed less accurately. However, participants with ASD do not express emotions less intensely, nor is their reaction time of expression onset slower in response to odors, startling sensations, or in response to face stimuli in mimicry studies. ASD-comparison group differences were moderated by matching procedures, age, and intellectual functioning of the ASD participants suggesting that persons with higher IQ and larger number of accumulated life experiences are better able to produce facial expressions that are more consistent with "neurotypical" norms. Group differences were also stronger for "covertly elicited" than "explicitly elicited" facial expressions suggesting individuals with ASD may naturally produce facial expressions differently from other populations, but are less impaired in expressing emotions typically when prompted to do so in a laboratory setting. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1586-1601. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We reviewed studies that compared facial expressions in people with and without autism. Results revealed that facial expressions of people with autism are atypical in appearance and quality and are used atypically to regulate social interactions. The magnitude of these differences was influenced by participant characteristics (e.g. age and intellectual functioning), and by how facial expressions were measured and analyzed in various studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2037 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372 [article] Facial Expression Production in Autism: A Meta-Analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. A. TREVISAN, Auteur ; M. HOSKYN, Auteur ; Elina BIRMINGHAM, Auteur . - p.1586-1601. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1586-1601 Mots-clés : autism  facial expressions  meta-analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This meta-analysis summarized studies that examined group differences on the production of facial expressions in participants with ASD compared to typically developing or nonautistic clinical comparison groups. The overall summary effect from 67 effect sizes representing the average ASD-comparison group differences in facial expressions was -0.481, indicating a moderate effect size. We conducted subgroup analyses to group effect sizes according to separate facial expression abilities identified in the literature. These analyses revealed that participants with ASD display facial expressions less frequently and for less amount of time, and they are less likely to share facial expressions with others or automatically mimic the expressions of real faces or face stimuli. Their facial expressions are also judged to be lower in quality and are expressed less accurately. However, participants with ASD do not express emotions less intensely, nor is their reaction time of expression onset slower in response to odors, startling sensations, or in response to face stimuli in mimicry studies. ASD-comparison group differences were moderated by matching procedures, age, and intellectual functioning of the ASD participants suggesting that persons with higher IQ and larger number of accumulated life experiences are better able to produce facial expressions that are more consistent with "neurotypical" norms. Group differences were also stronger for "covertly elicited" than "explicitly elicited" facial expressions suggesting individuals with ASD may naturally produce facial expressions differently from other populations, but are less impaired in expressing emotions typically when prompted to do so in a laboratory setting. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1586-1601. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We reviewed studies that compared facial expressions in people with and without autism. Results revealed that facial expressions of people with autism are atypical in appearance and quality and are used atypically to regulate social interactions. The magnitude of these differences was influenced by participant characteristics (e.g. age and intellectual functioning), and by how facial expressions were measured and analyzed in various studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2037 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372

Regression in autism spectrum disorder: Reconciling findings from retrospective and prospective research / N. PEARSON in Autism Research, 11-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1602-1620 Titre : Regression in autism spectrum disorder: Reconciling findings from retrospective and prospective research Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : N. PEARSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; F. S. MCEWEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1602-1620 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  developmental trajectories  high-risk siblings  infant  regression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The way in which the behavioral manifestations of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) emerge in infancy is variable. Regression-loss of previously acquired skills-occurs in a subset of children. However, the etiology and significance of regression remains unclear. Until recently, investigation of regression relied on retrospective report by parents or examination of home videos from early in life. However, home videos and retrospective report of the nature and timing of regression, and association with factors such as illness or immunization, is potentially subject to bias. The advent of prospective studies of infant siblings at familial high-risk of ASD has the potential to document regression as it occurs. Recent research has suggested that subtle loss of skills occurs in a larger proportion of children with ASD than previously assumed; however, there are few reports of clear-cut regressions, such as that involving dramatic loss of language and other established skills, in the prospective literature. This could be because of the following: clear-cut regression occurs less commonly than parent report suggests, study design limits the potential to detect regression, or there are differences between multiplex and simplex families in the rate of de novo genetic mutations and therefore regression risk. This review will bring together literature from retrospective and prospective research and attempt to reconcile diverging findings, with a specific focus on methodological issues. Changing conceptualizations of regression will be discussed, as well as etiological factors that may be associated with regression. The main challenges that need to be addressed to measure regression in prospective studies will be set out. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1602-1620. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Regression-a loss of previously established skills-occurs in a subset of children with ASD. Parental recall is not always accurate but studying younger siblings of children with ASD, 10-20% of whom will develop ASD, should make it possible to measure regression as it occurs. Clear-cut regression, like loss of language, has not often been reported in infant sibling studies, but recent research suggests that gradual loss of social engagement might be more common. This review looks at the evidence for regression from infant sibling studies and asks how study design affects the likelihood of capturing regression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2035 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372 [article] Regression in autism spectrum disorder: Reconciling findings from retrospective and prospective research [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / N. PEARSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; F. S. MCEWEN, Auteur . - p.1602-1620. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1602-1620 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  developmental trajectories  high-risk siblings  infant  regression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The way in which the behavioral manifestations of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) emerge in infancy is variable. Regression-loss of previously acquired skills-occurs in a subset of children. However, the etiology and significance of regression remains unclear. Until recently, investigation of regression relied on retrospective report by parents or examination of home videos from early in life. However, home videos and retrospective report of the nature and timing of regression, and association with factors such as illness or immunization, is potentially subject to bias. The advent of prospective studies of infant siblings at familial high-risk of ASD has the potential to document regression as it occurs. Recent research has suggested that subtle loss of skills occurs in a larger proportion of children with ASD than previously assumed; however, there are few reports of clear-cut regressions, such as that involving dramatic loss of language and other established skills, in the prospective literature. This could be because of the following: clear-cut regression occurs less commonly than parent report suggests, study design limits the potential to detect regression, or there are differences between multiplex and simplex families in the rate of de novo genetic mutations and therefore regression risk. This review will bring together literature from retrospective and prospective research and attempt to reconcile diverging findings, with a specific focus on methodological issues. Changing conceptualizations of regression will be discussed, as well as etiological factors that may be associated with regression. The main challenges that need to be addressed to measure regression in prospective studies will be set out. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1602-1620. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Regression-a loss of previously established skills-occurs in a subset of children with ASD. Parental recall is not always accurate but studying younger siblings of children with ASD, 10-20% of whom will develop ASD, should make it possible to measure regression as it occurs. Clear-cut regression, like loss of language, has not often been reported in infant sibling studies, but recent research suggests that gradual loss of social engagement might be more common. This review looks at the evidence for regression from infant sibling studies and asks how study design affects the likelihood of capturing regression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2035 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372

Auditory-visual misalignment: A theoretical perspective on vocabulary delays in children with ASD / Courtney E. VENKER in Autism Research, 11-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1621-1628 Titre : Auditory-visual misalignment: A theoretical perspective on vocabulary delays in children with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Courtney E. VENKER, Auteur ; Allison F. BEAN, Auteur ; S. T. KOVER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1621-1628 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention  auditory  developmental psychology  language  learning  visual Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this commentary, we describe a novel theoretical perspective on vocabulary delays in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-a perspective we refer to as auditory-visual misalignment. We synthesize empirical evidence that: (a) as a result of differences in both social and nonsocial visual attention, the auditory-visual statistics available to children with ASD for early word learning are misaligned; (b) this auditory-visual misalignment disrupts word learning and contributes to the vocabulary delays shown by children with ASD; and (c) adopting a perspective of auditory-visual misalignment has important theoretical and clinical implications for understanding and supporting vocabulary development in children with ASD. Theoretically, the auditory-visual misalignment perspective advances our understanding of how attentional differences impact vocabulary development in children with ASD in several ways. By adopting the point of view of the child, we provide a framework that brings together research on social and domain-general visual attention differences in children with ASD. In addition, the auditory-visual misalignment perspective moves current thinking beyond how misalignment disrupts vocabulary development in the moment, and considers the likely consequences of misalignment over developmental time. Finally, considering auditory-visual misalignment may assist in identifying active ingredients of existing language interventions or in developing new interventions that deliver high quality, aligned input. Future research is needed to determine how manipulating auditory-visual alignment changes word learning in ASD and whether the effects of auditory-visual misalignment are unique to ASD or shared with other neurodevelopmental disorders or sources of language impairment. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1621-1628. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This article describes a new way of thinking about vocabulary delays in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We suggest that children with ASD may have difficulty learning words because their attention is not tuned in to what is most important for learning, creating a mismatch between what they see and what they hear. This perspective brings together research on different types of attentional differences in people with ASD. It may also help us to understand how language interventions work. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2038 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372 [article] Auditory-visual misalignment: A theoretical perspective on vocabulary delays in children with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Courtney E. VENKER, Auteur ; Allison F. BEAN, Auteur ; S. T. KOVER, Auteur . - p.1621-1628. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1621-1628 Mots-clés : attention  auditory  developmental psychology  language  learning  visual Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this commentary, we describe a novel theoretical perspective on vocabulary delays in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-a perspective we refer to as auditory-visual misalignment. We synthesize empirical evidence that: (a) as a result of differences in both social and nonsocial visual attention, the auditory-visual statistics available to children with ASD for early word learning are misaligned; (b) this auditory-visual misalignment disrupts word learning and contributes to the vocabulary delays shown by children with ASD; and (c) adopting a perspective of auditory-visual misalignment has important theoretical and clinical implications for understanding and supporting vocabulary development in children with ASD. Theoretically, the auditory-visual misalignment perspective advances our understanding of how attentional differences impact vocabulary development in children with ASD in several ways. By adopting the point of view of the child, we provide a framework that brings together research on social and domain-general visual attention differences in children with ASD. In addition, the auditory-visual misalignment perspective moves current thinking beyond how misalignment disrupts vocabulary development in the moment, and considers the likely consequences of misalignment over developmental time. Finally, considering auditory-visual misalignment may assist in identifying active ingredients of existing language interventions or in developing new interventions that deliver high quality, aligned input. Future research is needed to determine how manipulating auditory-visual alignment changes word learning in ASD and whether the effects of auditory-visual misalignment are unique to ASD or shared with other neurodevelopmental disorders or sources of language impairment. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1621-1628. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This article describes a new way of thinking about vocabulary delays in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We suggest that children with ASD may have difficulty learning words because their attention is not tuned in to what is most important for learning, creating a mismatch between what they see and what they hear. This perspective brings together research on different types of attentional differences in people with ASD. It may also help us to understand how language interventions work. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2038 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372

The diagnosis conundrum: Comparison of crowdsourced and expert assessments of toddlers with high and low risk of autism spectrum disorder / E. MYERS in Autism Research, 11-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1629-1634 Titre : The diagnosis conundrum: Comparison of crowdsourced and expert assessments of toddlers with high and low risk of autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. MYERS, Auteur ; W. L. STONE, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; T. LENDVAY, Auteur ; B. COMSTOCK, Auteur ; C. COWAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1629-1634 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : assessment  autism spectrum disorder  crowdsourcing  social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : As the diagnosis and treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) becomes a greater public health concern, access to professionals and expert assessment becomes increasingly more challenging. Novel techniques to improve efficiency of assessment of young children with social communication concerns are desperately needed to address significant barriers to accessing diagnostic evaluations. Utilizing crowdsourcing technology, we compared ratings by experts and crowdworkers of social communication behaviors in videos of 18-month-old children. Of note, 563 crowdworkers and 24 expert responses were collected in approximately 7 hr and 57 days, respectively. Summed scores of social communication behaviors observed by crowdworkers showed high correlation to those of experts. These data introduce a novel and perhaps efficient way in which to examine of social communication impairments in toddlers. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1629-1634. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This research compared crowdsourced assessments of social communication behaviors to assessments by experts, for toddlers whose behaviors ranged in severity from typical to atypical. Results showed that crowdsourced rankings of social communication behavior significantly correlate with those of experts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2030 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372 [article] The diagnosis conundrum: Comparison of crowdsourced and expert assessments of toddlers with high and low risk of autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. MYERS, Auteur ; W. L. STONE, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; T. LENDVAY, Auteur ; B. COMSTOCK, Auteur ; C. COWAN, Auteur . - p.1629-1634. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1629-1634 Mots-clés : assessment  autism spectrum disorder  crowdsourcing  social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : As the diagnosis and treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) becomes a greater public health concern, access to professionals and expert assessment becomes increasingly more challenging. Novel techniques to improve efficiency of assessment of young children with social communication concerns are desperately needed to address significant barriers to accessing diagnostic evaluations. Utilizing crowdsourcing technology, we compared ratings by experts and crowdworkers of social communication behaviors in videos of 18-month-old children. Of note, 563 crowdworkers and 24 expert responses were collected in approximately 7 hr and 57 days, respectively. Summed scores of social communication behaviors observed by crowdworkers showed high correlation to those of experts. These data introduce a novel and perhaps efficient way in which to examine of social communication impairments in toddlers. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1629-1634. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This research compared crowdsourced assessments of social communication behaviors to assessments by experts, for toddlers whose behaviors ranged in severity from typical to atypical. Results showed that crowdsourced rankings of social communication behavior significantly correlate with those of experts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2030 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372

Autism is a prenatal disorder: Evidence from late gestation brain overgrowth / Frédérique BONNET-BRILHAULT in Autism Research, 11-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1635-1642 Titre : Autism is a prenatal disorder: Evidence from late gestation brain overgrowth Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Frédérique BONNET-BRILHAULT, Auteur ; T. A. RAJERISON, Auteur ; C. PAILLET, Auteur ; M. GUIMARD-BRUNAULT, Auteur ; A. SABY, Auteur ; L. PONSON, Auteur ; G. TRIPI, Auteur ; J. MALVY, Auteur ; S. ROUX, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1635-1642 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : brain growth  head circumference  neurodevelopmental disorder  ultrasound Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This retrospective study aimed to specify the critical period for atypical brain development in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using prenatal and postnatal head growth parameters. The sample consisted of 80 Caucasian, unrelated, idiopathic patients with ASD born after 1995. Fetal ultrasound parameters (head circumference [HC], abdominal circumference, and femur length) were obtained during the second and third trimesters of gestation. HC at birth and postnatal parameters at 12 and 24 months of age were also collected. Head overgrowth, assessed by HC, was highlighted during the second (20-26 weeks of amenorrhea) and third (28-36 weeks of amenorrhea) trimesters. Normal growth of body fetal parameters indicated that head overgrowth was not because of overall body overgrowth. Moreover, postnatal results replicated previously and reported head overgrowth. A critical time window for atypical brain development in autism is hypothesized to begin from the 22nd week of amenorrhea. This period is critical for cortical lamination and glial activation. A pathophysiological cascade is suggested with interactions between candidate genes and environmental factors. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1635-1642. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: It is now widely acknowledged in the scientific community, that autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Recent evidence from animal and pathological studies has implicated the in utero period. However, the precise time of onset of abnormal brain development remains unknown. This retrospective study reports novel findings, identifying an atypical head growth trajectory in children with autism, during the in utero period (after the 22nd week of amenorrhea). In the same children, postnatal head overgrowth was also observed. Late gestation is identified as a critical period for atypical brain development underlying autism symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2036 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372 [article] Autism is a prenatal disorder: Evidence from late gestation brain overgrowth [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Frédérique BONNET-BRILHAULT, Auteur ; T. A. RAJERISON, Auteur ; C. PAILLET, Auteur ; M. GUIMARD-BRUNAULT, Auteur ; A. SABY, Auteur ; L. PONSON, Auteur ; G. TRIPI, Auteur ; J. MALVY, Auteur ; S. ROUX, Auteur . - p.1635-1642. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1635-1642 Mots-clés : brain growth  head circumference  neurodevelopmental disorder  ultrasound Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This retrospective study aimed to specify the critical period for atypical brain development in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using prenatal and postnatal head growth parameters. The sample consisted of 80 Caucasian, unrelated, idiopathic patients with ASD born after 1995. Fetal ultrasound parameters (head circumference [HC], abdominal circumference, and femur length) were obtained during the second and third trimesters of gestation. HC at birth and postnatal parameters at 12 and 24 months of age were also collected. Head overgrowth, assessed by HC, was highlighted during the second (20-26 weeks of amenorrhea) and third (28-36 weeks of amenorrhea) trimesters. Normal growth of body fetal parameters indicated that head overgrowth was not because of overall body overgrowth. Moreover, postnatal results replicated previously and reported head overgrowth. A critical time window for atypical brain development in autism is hypothesized to begin from the 22nd week of amenorrhea. This period is critical for cortical lamination and glial activation. A pathophysiological cascade is suggested with interactions between candidate genes and environmental factors. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1635-1642. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: It is now widely acknowledged in the scientific community, that autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Recent evidence from animal and pathological studies has implicated the in utero period. However, the precise time of onset of abnormal brain development remains unknown. This retrospective study reports novel findings, identifying an atypical head growth trajectory in children with autism, during the in utero period (after the 22nd week of amenorrhea). In the same children, postnatal head overgrowth was also observed. Late gestation is identified as a critical period for atypical brain development underlying autism symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2036 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372

Aberrant functional connectivity of neural circuits associated with social and sensorimotor deficits in young children with autism spectrum disorder in Autism Research, 11-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1643-1652 Titre : Aberrant functional connectivity of neural circuits associated with social and sensorimotor deficits in young children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.1643-1652 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  resting state fMRI  support vector regression analysis  young children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by atypical functional integration of brain regions. The vast majority of neuroimaging studies of ASD have focused on older children, adolescents, and adults with the disorder. Very little work has explored whole-brain functional connectivity of young children with ASD. Here, we collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 58 young children (mean age 4.98 years; 29 with ASD; 29 matched healthy controls [HC]). All children were under sedation during scanning. A functional "connectedness" method was first used to seek for brain regions showing atypical functional connectivity (FC) in children with ASD. Then, a recurrent-seek strategy was applied to reveal atypical FC circuits in ASD children. FC matrices between regions-of-interest (ROIs) were compared between ASD and HC. Finally, a support vector regression (SVR) method was used to assess the relationship between the FC circuits and ASD symptom severity. Two atypical FC circuits comprising 23 ROIs in ASD were revealed: one predominantly comprised brain regions involved with social cognition showing under-connectivity in ASD; the other predominantly comprised sensory-motor and visual brain regions showing over-connectivity in ASD. The SVR analysis showed that the two FC circuits were separately related to social deficits and restricted behavior scores. These findings indicate disrupted FC of neural circuits involved in the social and sensorimotor processes in young children with ASD. The finding of the atypical FC patterns in young children with ASD underscores the utility of studying younger children with the disorder, and highlights nuanced patterns of brain connectivity underlying behavior closer to disorder onset. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1643-1652. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder. Understanding brain functional alterations at early ages is important for understanding biological mechanisms of ASD. Here, we found two atypical brain functional circuits in young children with ASD that were related to social and sensorimotor function. These results show how atypical patterns of brain functional connectivity in young children with of ASD may underlie core symptoms of the disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2029 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372 [article] Aberrant functional connectivity of neural circuits associated with social and sensorimotor deficits in young children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.1643-1652. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1643-1652 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  resting state fMRI  support vector regression analysis  young children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by atypical functional integration of brain regions. The vast majority of neuroimaging studies of ASD have focused on older children, adolescents, and adults with the disorder. Very little work has explored whole-brain functional connectivity of young children with ASD. Here, we collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 58 young children (mean age 4.98 years; 29 with ASD; 29 matched healthy controls [HC]). All children were under sedation during scanning. A functional "connectedness" method was first used to seek for brain regions showing atypical functional connectivity (FC) in children with ASD. Then, a recurrent-seek strategy was applied to reveal atypical FC circuits in ASD children. FC matrices between regions-of-interest (ROIs) were compared between ASD and HC. Finally, a support vector regression (SVR) method was used to assess the relationship between the FC circuits and ASD symptom severity. Two atypical FC circuits comprising 23 ROIs in ASD were revealed: one predominantly comprised brain regions involved with social cognition showing under-connectivity in ASD; the other predominantly comprised sensory-motor and visual brain regions showing over-connectivity in ASD. The SVR analysis showed that the two FC circuits were separately related to social deficits and restricted behavior scores. These findings indicate disrupted FC of neural circuits involved in the social and sensorimotor processes in young children with ASD. The finding of the atypical FC patterns in young children with ASD underscores the utility of studying younger children with the disorder, and highlights nuanced patterns of brain connectivity underlying behavior closer to disorder onset. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1643-1652. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder. Understanding brain functional alterations at early ages is important for understanding biological mechanisms of ASD. Here, we found two atypical brain functional circuits in young children with ASD that were related to social and sensorimotor function. These results show how atypical patterns of brain functional connectivity in young children with of ASD may underlie core symptoms of the disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2029 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372

Behavioral inhibition and activation as a modifier process in autism spectrum disorder: Examination of self-reported BIS/BAS and alpha EEG asymmetry / H. K. SCHILTZ in Autism Research, 11-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1653-1666 Titre : Behavioral inhibition and activation as a modifier process in autism spectrum disorder: Examination of self-reported BIS/BAS and alpha EEG asymmetry Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : H. K. SCHILTZ, Auteur ; A. J. MCVEY, Auteur ; A. BARRINGTON, Auteur ; A. D. HAENDEL, Auteur ; B. K. DOLAN, Auteur ; K. S. WILLAR, Auteur ; S. PLEISS, Auteur ; J. S. KARST, Auteur ; E. VOGT, Auteur ; C. C. MURPHY, Auteur ; K. GONRING, Auteur ; A. V. VAN HECKE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1653-1666 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : alpha asymmetry  autism  behavioral inhibition and activation  comorbidities Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Modifier Model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suggests that phenotypic variability within ASD is rooted in modifier processes, such as the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral activation system (BAS). Among a sample of 53 adolescents with ASD, this study examined associations between (a) self-reported BIS/BAS and frontal and parietal alpha electroencephalogram asymmetry and whether these indices related to (b) ASD severity (via the Autism Quotient), and/or (c) co-occurring anxiety and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (via Youth Self Report and Child Behavior Checklist). Findings showed that alpha asymmetry was associated with self-reported BAS scores, such that greater BAS was related to greater right-frontal hemisphere activation and relatively greater left-parietal hemisphere activation. Additionally, associations emerged between ASD severity and self-reported BAS and alpha asymmetry, and between anxiety symptoms and self-reported BIS and alpha asymmetry. Furthermore, mediation analyses revealed that BAS mediated the association between asymmetry and autism severity. Therefore, alpha asymmetry and BIS/BAS activity may provide insight into how ASD presents in adolescence as well as who might be at greater risk for developing co-occurring psychopathologies. This study highlights the importance of considering motivational systems to elucidate individual differences among youth with ASD and working toward the longer term goal of better understanding differential responses to treatment. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1653-1666. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Differences in the likelihood to avoid (behavioral inhibition system; BIS) or approach (behavioral activation system; BAS) situations are thought to relate to patterns of brain activity (via electroencephalogram asymmetry asymmetry). This study revealed that these tendencies may influence the presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and symptoms of anxiety in adolescents with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2016 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372 [article] Behavioral inhibition and activation as a modifier process in autism spectrum disorder: Examination of self-reported BIS/BAS and alpha EEG asymmetry [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / H. K. SCHILTZ, Auteur ; A. J. MCVEY, Auteur ; A. BARRINGTON, Auteur ; A. D. HAENDEL, Auteur ; B. K. DOLAN, Auteur ; K. S. WILLAR, Auteur ; S. PLEISS, Auteur ; J. S. KARST, Auteur ; E. VOGT, Auteur ; C. C. MURPHY, Auteur ; K. GONRING, Auteur ; A. V. VAN HECKE, Auteur . - p.1653-1666. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1653-1666 Mots-clés : alpha asymmetry  autism  behavioral inhibition and activation  comorbidities Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Modifier Model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suggests that phenotypic variability within ASD is rooted in modifier processes, such as the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral activation system (BAS). Among a sample of 53 adolescents with ASD, this study examined associations between (a) self-reported BIS/BAS and frontal and parietal alpha electroencephalogram asymmetry and whether these indices related to (b) ASD severity (via the Autism Quotient), and/or (c) co-occurring anxiety and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (via Youth Self Report and Child Behavior Checklist). Findings showed that alpha asymmetry was associated with self-reported BAS scores, such that greater BAS was related to greater right-frontal hemisphere activation and relatively greater left-parietal hemisphere activation. Additionally, associations emerged between ASD severity and self-reported BAS and alpha asymmetry, and between anxiety symptoms and self-reported BIS and alpha asymmetry. Furthermore, mediation analyses revealed that BAS mediated the association between asymmetry and autism severity. Therefore, alpha asymmetry and BIS/BAS activity may provide insight into how ASD presents in adolescence as well as who might be at greater risk for developing co-occurring psychopathologies. This study highlights the importance of considering motivational systems to elucidate individual differences among youth with ASD and working toward the longer term goal of better understanding differential responses to treatment. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1653-1666. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Differences in the likelihood to avoid (behavioral inhibition system; BIS) or approach (behavioral activation system; BAS) situations are thought to relate to patterns of brain activity (via electroencephalogram asymmetry asymmetry). This study revealed that these tendencies may influence the presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and symptoms of anxiety in adolescents with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2016 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372

Bilingual children with autism spectrum disorders: The impact of amount of language exposure on vocabulary and morphological skills at school age / A. M. GONZALEZ-BARRERO in Autism Research, 11-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1667-1678 Titre : Bilingual children with autism spectrum disorders: The impact of amount of language exposure on vocabulary and morphological skills at school age Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. M. GONZALEZ-BARRERO, Auteur ; A. NADIG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1667-1678 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : amount of language exposure  autism spectrum disorder  bilingualism  morphology  school-age children  vocabulary Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies of bilingual children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have focused on early language development using parent report measures. However, the effect of bilingual exposure on more complex linguistic abilities is unknown. In the current study, we examined the impact of amount of language exposure on vocabulary and morphological skills in school-aged children with ASD who did not have intellectual disability. Forty-seven typically developing children and 30 children with ASD with varying exposure to French participated in the study. We investigated the impact of amount of language exposure, nonverbal IQ, age, and working memory on language abilities via regression analyses. Current amount of language exposure was the strongest predictor of both vocabulary skills (accounting for 62% of the variance) and morphological skills (accounting for 49% of the variance), for both typically-developing children and children with ASD. These findings highlight the central role amount of language exposure plays in vocabulary and morphological development for children with ASD, as it does for typically-developing children. In addition, they provide further evidence that, when provided with adequate language exposure, many children with ASD are capable of acquiring two languages. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1667-1678. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We studied typically developing children and children with ASD living in a bilingual society who had varying exposure to French (ranging from bilinguals to monolinguals). We investigated the impact of amount of language exposure, nonverbal IQ, age, and working memory on their vocabulary and morphological skills. Current amount of language exposure was the strongest predictor of language skills in both groups of children. Findings indicate that when provided with adequate language exposure, many children with ASD are capable of acquiring two languages. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2023 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372 [article] Bilingual children with autism spectrum disorders: The impact of amount of language exposure on vocabulary and morphological skills at school age [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. M. GONZALEZ-BARRERO, Auteur ; A. NADIG, Auteur . - p.1667-1678. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1667-1678 Mots-clés : amount of language exposure  autism spectrum disorder  bilingualism  morphology  school-age children  vocabulary Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies of bilingual children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have focused on early language development using parent report measures. However, the effect of bilingual exposure on more complex linguistic abilities is unknown. In the current study, we examined the impact of amount of language exposure on vocabulary and morphological skills in school-aged children with ASD who did not have intellectual disability. Forty-seven typically developing children and 30 children with ASD with varying exposure to French participated in the study. We investigated the impact of amount of language exposure, nonverbal IQ, age, and working memory on language abilities via regression analyses. Current amount of language exposure was the strongest predictor of both vocabulary skills (accounting for 62% of the variance) and morphological skills (accounting for 49% of the variance), for both typically-developing children and children with ASD. These findings highlight the central role amount of language exposure plays in vocabulary and morphological development for children with ASD, as it does for typically-developing children. In addition, they provide further evidence that, when provided with adequate language exposure, many children with ASD are capable of acquiring two languages. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1667-1678. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We studied typically developing children and children with ASD living in a bilingual society who had varying exposure to French (ranging from bilinguals to monolinguals). We investigated the impact of amount of language exposure, nonverbal IQ, age, and working memory on their vocabulary and morphological skills. Current amount of language exposure was the strongest predictor of language skills in both groups of children. Findings indicate that when provided with adequate language exposure, many children with ASD are capable of acquiring two languages. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2023 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372

Social difficulties in youth with autism with and without anxiety and ADHD symptoms / A. J. MCVEY in Autism Research, 11-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1679-1689 Titre : Social difficulties in youth with autism with and without anxiety and ADHD symptoms Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. J. MCVEY, Auteur ; H. K. SCHILTZ, Auteur ; A. D. HAENDEL, Auteur ; B. K. DOLAN, Auteur ; K. S. WILLAR, Auteur ; S. S. PLEISS, Auteur ; J. S. KARST, Auteur ; M. CARLSON, Auteur ; W. KRUEGER, Auteur ; C. C. MURPHY, Auteur ; Christina L. CASNAR, Auteur ; B. YUND, Auteur ; A. V. VAN HECKE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1679-1689 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anxiety  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism  social responsiveness scale Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social difficulties inherent to autism spectrum disorder are often linked with co-occurring symptoms of anxiety and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study sought to examine the relation between such co-occurring symptoms and social challenges. Parents of adolescents with autism (N = 113) reported upon social challenges via the social responsiveness scale (SRS) and anxiety and ADHD symptomatology via the Child Behavior Checklist. Results revealed differences in SRS scores across co-occurring symptom subgroups (Anxiety, ADHD, Both, Neither)-namely, adolescents with autism and anxiety as well as those with autism, anxiety, and ADHD showed greater scores on the SRS than the other groups. Implications for research and clinical practice are discussed and recommendations are offered. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1679-1689. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Anxiety and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms are related to greater social challenges for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. The present study found that autism with anxiety and autism with anxiety and ADHD, was related to greater social difficulties than autism alone. Findings provide further support for the intertwined nature of anxiety and ADHD symptoms in autism. What this may mean for research and clinical practice is considered and recommendations are suggested. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2039 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372 [article] Social difficulties in youth with autism with and without anxiety and ADHD symptoms [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. J. MCVEY, Auteur ; H. K. SCHILTZ, Auteur ; A. D. HAENDEL, Auteur ; B. K. DOLAN, Auteur ; K. S. WILLAR, Auteur ; S. S. PLEISS, Auteur ; J. S. KARST, Auteur ; M. CARLSON, Auteur ; W. KRUEGER, Auteur ; C. C. MURPHY, Auteur ; Christina L. CASNAR, Auteur ; B. YUND, Auteur ; A. V. VAN HECKE, Auteur . - p.1679-1689. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1679-1689 Mots-clés : anxiety  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism  social responsiveness scale Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social difficulties inherent to autism spectrum disorder are often linked with co-occurring symptoms of anxiety and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study sought to examine the relation between such co-occurring symptoms and social challenges. Parents of adolescents with autism (N = 113) reported upon social challenges via the social responsiveness scale (SRS) and anxiety and ADHD symptomatology via the Child Behavior Checklist. Results revealed differences in SRS scores across co-occurring symptom subgroups (Anxiety, ADHD, Both, Neither)-namely, adolescents with autism and anxiety as well as those with autism, anxiety, and ADHD showed greater scores on the SRS than the other groups. Implications for research and clinical practice are discussed and recommendations are offered. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1679-1689. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Anxiety and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms are related to greater social challenges for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. The present study found that autism with anxiety and autism with anxiety and ADHD, was related to greater social difficulties than autism alone. Findings provide further support for the intertwined nature of anxiety and ADHD symptoms in autism. What this may mean for research and clinical practice is considered and recommendations are suggested. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2039 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372

Psychiatric Comorbidities and Psychotropic Medication Use in Autism: A Matched Cohort Study with ADHD and General Population Comparator Groups in the United Kingdom / R. HOUGHTON in Autism Research, 11-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1690-1700 Titre : Psychiatric Comorbidities and Psychotropic Medication Use in Autism: A Matched Cohort Study with ADHD and General Population Comparator Groups in the United Kingdom Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. HOUGHTON, Auteur ; C. LIU, Auteur ; Federico BOLOGNANI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1690-1700 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : United Kingdom  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  electronic medical records  polypharmacy  psychiatric comorbidities  psychotropic medications Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Psychiatric comorbidities and use of psychotropic medications are common among patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, most previous research used data from the United States (US) and few studies have compared medication use in ASD to control groups, making contextualization of results difficult. In the United Kingdom (UK), general practitioners play a key role in the management of ASD. We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study over calendar year 2015, using primary care data from the UK. We identified a prevalent cohort of ASD cases (n = 10,856) and matched control groups of (a) general population (n = 21,712) and (b) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n = 7,058) on age, sex and region. We described psychiatric comorbidities, psychotropic medications, and healthcare utilization in all three cohorts. Within the ASD cohort, we used multivariable logistic regression models to explore associations between patient characteristics and the outcomes of: any psychotropic medication, polypharmacy, and number of primary care visits. We used conditional logistic regression to compare the ASD and control groups. Psychiatric comorbidities were recorded for 41.5% of ASD patients; 32.3% received psychotropic medication and 9.8% received polypharmacy. Increased age and all psychiatric comorbidities (except conduct disorder) were associated with treatment use. Males were less likely to receive a treatment than females [Odds ratio (OR) 0.74 (0.66-0.83)]. ASD patients were more likely to take psychotropic medications than the general population [OR 4.91 (4.46-5.40)], but less likely compared to ADHD patients [OR 0.40 (0.37-0.44)]. Overall, rates of medication use in the UK were lower than those previously reported in the US. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1690-1700. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We used electronic medical records from the UK, to describe the amount of psychiatric comorbidities, psychotropic medication use and healthcare resource use in ASD. Around one in three people with ASD were prescribed a psychotropic medication, which was more than the general population, but less than for those with ADHD. Increased age, psychiatric comorbidities and female gender were all independently associated with psychotropic medication use. Rates of medication use in the UK were lower than those previously reported in the US. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2040 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372 [article] Psychiatric Comorbidities and Psychotropic Medication Use in Autism: A Matched Cohort Study with ADHD and General Population Comparator Groups in the United Kingdom [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. HOUGHTON, Auteur ; C. LIU, Auteur ; Federico BOLOGNANI, Auteur . - p.1690-1700. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1690-1700 Mots-clés : United Kingdom  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  electronic medical records  polypharmacy  psychiatric comorbidities  psychotropic medications Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Psychiatric comorbidities and use of psychotropic medications are common among patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, most previous research used data from the United States (US) and few studies have compared medication use in ASD to control groups, making contextualization of results difficult. In the United Kingdom (UK), general practitioners play a key role in the management of ASD. We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study over calendar year 2015, using primary care data from the UK. We identified a prevalent cohort of ASD cases (n = 10,856) and matched control groups of (a) general population (n = 21,712) and (b) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n = 7,058) on age, sex and region. We described psychiatric comorbidities, psychotropic medications, and healthcare utilization in all three cohorts. Within the ASD cohort, we used multivariable logistic regression models to explore associations between patient characteristics and the outcomes of: any psychotropic medication, polypharmacy, and number of primary care visits. We used conditional logistic regression to compare the ASD and control groups. Psychiatric comorbidities were recorded for 41.5% of ASD patients; 32.3% received psychotropic medication and 9.8% received polypharmacy. Increased age and all psychiatric comorbidities (except conduct disorder) were associated with treatment use. Males were less likely to receive a treatment than females [Odds ratio (OR) 0.74 (0.66-0.83)]. ASD patients were more likely to take psychotropic medications than the general population [OR 4.91 (4.46-5.40)], but less likely compared to ADHD patients [OR 0.40 (0.37-0.44)]. Overall, rates of medication use in the UK were lower than those previously reported in the US. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1690-1700. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We used electronic medical records from the UK, to describe the amount of psychiatric comorbidities, psychotropic medication use and healthcare resource use in ASD. Around one in three people with ASD were prescribed a psychotropic medication, which was more than the general population, but less than for those with ADHD. Increased age, psychiatric comorbidities and female gender were all independently associated with psychotropic medication use. Rates of medication use in the UK were lower than those previously reported in the US. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2040 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372

A pilot community-based randomized comparison of speech generating devices and the picture exchange communication system for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder / S. P. GILROY in Autism Research, 11-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1701-1711 Titre : A pilot community-based randomized comparison of speech generating devices and the picture exchange communication system for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. P. GILROY, Auteur ; G. LEADER, Auteur ; J. P. MCCLEERY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1701-1711 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : augmentative and alternative communication  autism spectrum disorder  picture exchange communication system  technology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A pilot community-based randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the effects of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) to a teaching sequence using a high-tech Speech Generating Device (SGD) to teach social communication behaviors. The two approaches were compared to evaluate the effectiveness of the newer, more high-tech intervention using technology to improve social and communicative behavior of children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. A total of 35 school-age children were randomized to either a high-tech (SGD device) or low-tech (PECS cards) form of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC). Study participants received 4 months of communication training delivered in their classrooms, and the primary outcome measures of the trial were several functional communication skills emphasized in the PECS teaching sequence. Results indicated that both high-tech and low-tech AAC approaches resulted in significant improvements in communication, and that these improvements did not differ significantly between the two approaches. These findings support the use of high-tech AAC, and highlight the need for evidence-based guidelines for its use as well as evaluation with individuals with a range impairments and disabilities. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1701-1711. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study compared the effectiveness of a free and open-source app for teaching social and communicative behavior to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to traditional picture card approaches. Thirty-five children with ASD were randomized to a picture card or app-based intervention and both treatment approaches resulted in significant improvements in social and communicative behavior. These data indicated that both "high-tech" and "low-tech" interventions were effective for improving behavior and that there was not a significant difference between the two approaches. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2025 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372 [article] A pilot community-based randomized comparison of speech generating devices and the picture exchange communication system for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. P. GILROY, Auteur ; G. LEADER, Auteur ; J. P. MCCLEERY, Auteur . - p.1701-1711. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1701-1711 Mots-clés : augmentative and alternative communication  autism spectrum disorder  picture exchange communication system  technology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A pilot community-based randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the effects of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) to a teaching sequence using a high-tech Speech Generating Device (SGD) to teach social communication behaviors. The two approaches were compared to evaluate the effectiveness of the newer, more high-tech intervention using technology to improve social and communicative behavior of children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. A total of 35 school-age children were randomized to either a high-tech (SGD device) or low-tech (PECS cards) form of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC). Study participants received 4 months of communication training delivered in their classrooms, and the primary outcome measures of the trial were several functional communication skills emphasized in the PECS teaching sequence. Results indicated that both high-tech and low-tech AAC approaches resulted in significant improvements in communication, and that these improvements did not differ significantly between the two approaches. These findings support the use of high-tech AAC, and highlight the need for evidence-based guidelines for its use as well as evaluation with individuals with a range impairments and disabilities. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1701-1711. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study compared the effectiveness of a free and open-source app for teaching social and communicative behavior to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to traditional picture card approaches. Thirty-five children with ASD were randomized to a picture card or app-based intervention and both treatment approaches resulted in significant improvements in social and communicative behavior. These data indicated that both "high-tech" and "low-tech" interventions were effective for improving behavior and that there was not a significant difference between the two approaches. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2025 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372

Results of a RCT on a Transition Support Program for Adults with ASD: Effects on Self-Determination and Quality of Life / A. NADIG in Autism Research, 11-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1712-1728 Titre : Results of a RCT on a Transition Support Program for Adults with ASD: Effects on Self-Determination and Quality of Life Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. NADIG, Auteur ; T. FLANAGAN, Auteur ; K. WHITE, Auteur ; S. BHATNAGAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1712-1728 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Intervention - Behavioral  adulthood  autism spectrum disorder  quality of life  randomized controlled trial  self-determination  transition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Few evidence-based services exist for people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) as they transition into adulthood, particularly those that foster appreciation of one's own goals and strengths. We developed a transition service for adults with ASD (without Intellectual Disability), and conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) focusing on self-report of Quality of Life and Self-Determination outcomes. Thirty participants aged 18-29 were randomized to immediate or delayed intervention, with 26 participants analyzed after 4 were lost to follow-up. Curriculum was tailored to participants' self-expressed needs in three areas: social communication, self-determination, and working with others. Groups of four-to-six participants with ASD and two facilitators met weekly for 10 weeks. Positive intervention effects were observed on self-report of Quality of Life; the intervention group scored on average 2 points higher than the control group, 95% CI [-0.2, 3.9]. Positive effects were also observed on the Self Determination Scale (Interpersonal Cognitive Problem-Solving subdomain), where the intervention group scored 2 points higher than control group 95% CI [0.082, 3.4]. In addition, participants rated skills targeted by the curriculum 6 points higher after versus before intervention, 95% CI [3.7, 8.6]. This was echoed by a subset of parents rating their child's skills as seven points higher after versus before intervention, 95% CI [1, 14]. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1712-1728. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: These findings indicate that it is possible to increase Self-Determination and subjective Quality of Life in adults with ASD through a brief group-format service, and provide a model for doing so. Self-Determination abilities are linked to improved adult outcomes in individuals with other disabilities. These often overlooked factors should be incorporated in programming for adults with ASD as they transition to adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2027 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372 [article] Results of a RCT on a Transition Support Program for Adults with ASD: Effects on Self-Determination and Quality of Life [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. NADIG, Auteur ; T. FLANAGAN, Auteur ; K. WHITE, Auteur ; S. BHATNAGAR, Auteur . - p.1712-1728. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1712-1728 Mots-clés : Intervention - Behavioral  adulthood  autism spectrum disorder  quality of life  randomized controlled trial  self-determination  transition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Few evidence-based services exist for people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) as they transition into adulthood, particularly those that foster appreciation of one's own goals and strengths. We developed a transition service for adults with ASD (without Intellectual Disability), and conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) focusing on self-report of Quality of Life and Self-Determination outcomes. Thirty participants aged 18-29 were randomized to immediate or delayed intervention, with 26 participants analyzed after 4 were lost to follow-up. Curriculum was tailored to participants' self-expressed needs in three areas: social communication, self-determination, and working with others. Groups of four-to-six participants with ASD and two facilitators met weekly for 10 weeks. Positive intervention effects were observed on self-report of Quality of Life; the intervention group scored on average 2 points higher than the control group, 95% CI [-0.2, 3.9]. Positive effects were also observed on the Self Determination Scale (Interpersonal Cognitive Problem-Solving subdomain), where the intervention group scored 2 points higher than control group 95% CI [0.082, 3.4]. In addition, participants rated skills targeted by the curriculum 6 points higher after versus before intervention, 95% CI [3.7, 8.6]. This was echoed by a subset of parents rating their child's skills as seven points higher after versus before intervention, 95% CI [1, 14]. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1712-1728. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: These findings indicate that it is possible to increase Self-Determination and subjective Quality of Life in adults with ASD through a brief group-format service, and provide a model for doing so. Self-Determination abilities are linked to improved adult outcomes in individuals with other disabilities. These often overlooked factors should be incorporated in programming for adults with ASD as they transition to adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2027 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372