Dépouillements

Unpacking the prevalence: A warning against overstating the recently narrowed gap for Black autistic youth / Danai Kasambira FANNIN in Autism Research, 17-5 (May 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-5 (May 2024) Titre : Unpacking the prevalence: A warning against overstating the recently narrowed gap for Black autistic youth Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Danai Kasambira FANNIN, Auteur ; Ed-Dee G. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Marcus FULLER, Auteur ; Jamie N. PEARSON, Auteur ; Brian A. BOYD, Auteur ; Elizabeth R. DRAME, Auteur ; Jonte' TAYLOR, Auteur ; Aisha S. DICKERSON, Auteur ; Adiaha SPINKS-FRANKLIN, Auteur ; D' Jaris COLES-WHITE, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Recent findings from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network's 2020 prevalence report indicate that disparities in autism diagnoses between Black and White youth have narrowed, reflecting improved screening, awareness, and access to services (Maenner et al., 2023. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries (Washington, D.C.: 2002), 72, 1-14.). Claims of reducing disparities beyond prevalence rates, however, are not fully supported, as indicated by the reality that Black youth whose screenings indicate autistic traits are still not being referred for full evaluation or early intervention services at the same rate as their White peers (Major et al., 2020. Autism, 24, 1629-1638; Smith et al., 2020. Pediatrics, 145, S35-S46.). Black 8-year-olds identified as autistic still experience disparate educational placements (Waitoller et al., 2010. The Journal of Special Education. 44, 29-49.) where services may not be autism-specific or have Individual Education Plan goals only focused on "behavior problems" (Severini et al., 2018. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48, 3261-3272.), are served in the most restrictive environments (Skiba et al., 2006. Exceptional Children, 72, 411-424.) and lack consistent augmentative and alternative communication support (Pope et al., 2022. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 31, 2159-2174.). Additionally, ADMM researchers report consistent disparities in the identification of co-occurring intellectual disability where Black autistic children have significantly more co-occurrences than White autistic children. The purpose of this commentary is to first examine the assertion that the narrowed gap indicates, "?improved?access to services among historically underserved groups," (p. 9) (Maenner et al., 2023. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries (Washington, D.C.: 2002), 72, 1-14.). We will then recommend strategies to address the ongoing disparities. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3168 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529 [article] Unpacking the prevalence: A warning against overstating the recently narrowed gap for Black autistic youth [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Danai Kasambira FANNIN, Auteur ; Ed-Dee G. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Marcus FULLER, Auteur ; Jamie N. PEARSON, Auteur ; Brian A. BOYD, Auteur ; Elizabeth R. DRAME, Auteur ; Jonte' TAYLOR, Auteur ; Aisha S. DICKERSON, Auteur ; Adiaha SPINKS-FRANKLIN, Auteur ; D' Jaris COLES-WHITE, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-5 (May 2024) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Recent findings from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network's 2020 prevalence report indicate that disparities in autism diagnoses between Black and White youth have narrowed, reflecting improved screening, awareness, and access to services (Maenner et al., 2023. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries (Washington, D.C.: 2002), 72, 1-14.). Claims of reducing disparities beyond prevalence rates, however, are not fully supported, as indicated by the reality that Black youth whose screenings indicate autistic traits are still not being referred for full evaluation or early intervention services at the same rate as their White peers (Major et al., 2020. Autism, 24, 1629-1638; Smith et al., 2020. Pediatrics, 145, S35-S46.). Black 8-year-olds identified as autistic still experience disparate educational placements (Waitoller et al., 2010. The Journal of Special Education. 44, 29-49.) where services may not be autism-specific or have Individual Education Plan goals only focused on "behavior problems" (Severini et al., 2018. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48, 3261-3272.), are served in the most restrictive environments (Skiba et al., 2006. Exceptional Children, 72, 411-424.) and lack consistent augmentative and alternative communication support (Pope et al., 2022. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 31, 2159-2174.). Additionally, ADMM researchers report consistent disparities in the identification of co-occurring intellectual disability where Black autistic children have significantly more co-occurrences than White autistic children. The purpose of this commentary is to first examine the assertion that the narrowed gap indicates, "?improved?access to services among historically underserved groups," (p. 9) (Maenner et al., 2023. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries (Washington, D.C.: 2002), 72, 1-14.). We will then recommend strategies to address the ongoing disparities. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3168 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529

Practice is the best of all instructors-Effects of enactment encoding and episodic future thinking on prospective memory performance in high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder / Larissa L. FAUSTMANN in Autism Research, 17-5 (May 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-5 (May 2024) Titre : Practice is the best of all instructors-Effects of enactment encoding and episodic future thinking on prospective memory performance in high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Larissa L. FAUSTMANN, Auteur ; Mareike ALTGASSEN, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Prospective memory (PM) is the ability to remember to carry out intended actions in the future. The present study investigated the effects of episodic future thinking (EFT) and enactment encoding (EE) on PM performance in autistic adults (ASD). A total of 72 autistic individuals and 70 controls matched for age, gender, and cognitive abilities completed a computerized version of the Dresden breakfast Task, which required participants to prepare breakfast following a set of rules and time restrictions. A two (group: ASD vs. controls) by three (encoding condition: EFT vs. EE vs. standard) between-subjects design was applied. Participants were either instructed to engage in EFT or EE to prepare to the different tasks prior to performing the Dresden breakfast or received standard instructions. Analyses of variance were conducted. Autism-spectrum-disorders (ASD) participants did not differ from control participants in their PM performance, regardless of which strategy they used. Compared to the standard condition, EE but not EFT improved time-based PM performance in all participants. This is the first study to find spared time-based PM performance in autistic individuals. The results confirm earlier results of beneficial effects of EE on PM performance. Findings are discussed with regards to the methodology used, sample composition as well as autistic characteristics. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3165 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529 [article] Practice is the best of all instructors-Effects of enactment encoding and episodic future thinking on prospective memory performance in high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Larissa L. FAUSTMANN, Auteur ; Mareike ALTGASSEN, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-5 (May 2024) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Prospective memory (PM) is the ability to remember to carry out intended actions in the future. The present study investigated the effects of episodic future thinking (EFT) and enactment encoding (EE) on PM performance in autistic adults (ASD). A total of 72 autistic individuals and 70 controls matched for age, gender, and cognitive abilities completed a computerized version of the Dresden breakfast Task, which required participants to prepare breakfast following a set of rules and time restrictions. A two (group: ASD vs. controls) by three (encoding condition: EFT vs. EE vs. standard) between-subjects design was applied. Participants were either instructed to engage in EFT or EE to prepare to the different tasks prior to performing the Dresden breakfast or received standard instructions. Analyses of variance were conducted. Autism-spectrum-disorders (ASD) participants did not differ from control participants in their PM performance, regardless of which strategy they used. Compared to the standard condition, EE but not EFT improved time-based PM performance in all participants. This is the first study to find spared time-based PM performance in autistic individuals. The results confirm earlier results of beneficial effects of EE on PM performance. Findings are discussed with regards to the methodology used, sample composition as well as autistic characteristics. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3165 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529

Reproducibility between preschool and school-age Social Responsiveness Scale forms in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes program / Marisa A. PATTI in Autism Research, 17-5 (May 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-5 (May 2024) Titre : Reproducibility between preschool and school-age Social Responsiveness Scale forms in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes program Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marisa A. PATTI, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur ; Aisha S. DICKERSON, Auteur ; Robert M. JOSEPH, Auteur ; Jennifer L. AMES, Auteur ; Christine LADD-ACOSTA, Auteur ; Sally OZONOFF, Auteur ; Rebecca J. SCHMIDT, Auteur ; Heather E. VOLK, Auteur ; Alison E. HIPWELL, Auteur ; Kelsey E. MAGEE, Auteur ; Margaret KARAGAS, Auteur ; Cindy MCEVOY, Auteur ; Rebecca LANDA, Auteur ; Michael R. ELLIOTT, Auteur ; Daphne Koinis MITCHELL, Auteur ; Viren D'SA, Auteur ; Sean DEONI, Auteur ; Michelle PIEVSKY, Auteur ; Pei-Chi WU, Auteur ; Fatoumata BARRY, Auteur ; Joseph B. STANFORD, Auteur ; Deborah A. BILDER, Auteur ; Leonardo TRASANDE, Auteur ; Nicole R. BUSH, Auteur ; Kristen LYALL, Auteur ; program collaborators for Environmental influences on Child Health OUTCOMES, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Evidence suggests core autism trait consistency in older children, but development of these traits is variable in early childhood. The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) measures autism-related traits and broader autism phenotype, with two age-dependent forms in childhood (preschool, 2.5-4.5?years; school age, 4-18?years). Score consistency has been observed within forms, though reliability across forms has not been evaluated. Using data from the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program (n = 853), preschool, and school-age SRS scores were collected via maternal report when children were an average of 3.0 and 5.8?years, respectively. We compared reproducibility of SRS total scores (T-scores) and agreement above a clinically meaningful cutoff (T-scores???60) and examined predictors of discordance in cutoff scores across forms. Participant scores across forms were similar (mean difference: 3.3 points; standard deviation: 7), though preschool scores were on average lower than school-age scores. Most children (88%) were classified below the cutoff on both forms, and overall concordance was high (92%). However, discordance was higher in cohorts following younger siblings of autistic children (16%). Proportions of children with an autism diagnoses were also higher among those with discordant scores (27%) than among those with concordant scores (4%). Our findings indicate SRS scores are broadly reproducible across preschool and school-age forms, particularly for capturing broader, nonclinical traits, but also suggest that greater variability of autism-related traits in preschool-age children may reduce reliability with later school-age scores for those in the clinical range. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3147 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529 [article] Reproducibility between preschool and school-age Social Responsiveness Scale forms in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes program [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marisa A. PATTI, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur ; Aisha S. DICKERSON, Auteur ; Robert M. JOSEPH, Auteur ; Jennifer L. AMES, Auteur ; Christine LADD-ACOSTA, Auteur ; Sally OZONOFF, Auteur ; Rebecca J. SCHMIDT, Auteur ; Heather E. VOLK, Auteur ; Alison E. HIPWELL, Auteur ; Kelsey E. MAGEE, Auteur ; Margaret KARAGAS, Auteur ; Cindy MCEVOY, Auteur ; Rebecca LANDA, Auteur ; Michael R. ELLIOTT, Auteur ; Daphne Koinis MITCHELL, Auteur ; Viren D'SA, Auteur ; Sean DEONI, Auteur ; Michelle PIEVSKY, Auteur ; Pei-Chi WU, Auteur ; Fatoumata BARRY, Auteur ; Joseph B. STANFORD, Auteur ; Deborah A. BILDER, Auteur ; Leonardo TRASANDE, Auteur ; Nicole R. BUSH, Auteur ; Kristen LYALL, Auteur ; program collaborators for Environmental influences on Child Health OUTCOMES, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-5 (May 2024) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Evidence suggests core autism trait consistency in older children, but development of these traits is variable in early childhood. The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) measures autism-related traits and broader autism phenotype, with two age-dependent forms in childhood (preschool, 2.5-4.5?years; school age, 4-18?years). Score consistency has been observed within forms, though reliability across forms has not been evaluated. Using data from the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program (n = 853), preschool, and school-age SRS scores were collected via maternal report when children were an average of 3.0 and 5.8?years, respectively. We compared reproducibility of SRS total scores (T-scores) and agreement above a clinically meaningful cutoff (T-scores???60) and examined predictors of discordance in cutoff scores across forms. Participant scores across forms were similar (mean difference: 3.3 points; standard deviation: 7), though preschool scores were on average lower than school-age scores. Most children (88%) were classified below the cutoff on both forms, and overall concordance was high (92%). However, discordance was higher in cohorts following younger siblings of autistic children (16%). Proportions of children with an autism diagnoses were also higher among those with discordant scores (27%) than among those with concordant scores (4%). Our findings indicate SRS scores are broadly reproducible across preschool and school-age forms, particularly for capturing broader, nonclinical traits, but also suggest that greater variability of autism-related traits in preschool-age children may reduce reliability with later school-age scores for those in the clinical range. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3147 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529

Profiles of minimally verbal autistic children: Illuminating the neglected end of the spectrum / Maria PIZZANO in Autism Research, 17-5 (May 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-5 (May 2024) Titre : Profiles of minimally verbal autistic children: Illuminating the neglected end of the spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maria PIZZANO, Auteur ; Stephanie Shire, Auteur ; Wendy SHIH, Auteur ; Lynne LEVATO, Auteur ; Rebecca LANDA, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur ; Tristram SMITH, Auteur ; Connie KASARI, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Heterogeneity among individuals on the autism spectrum is widely acknowledged as a barrier to develop effective interventions. Overcoming this challenge requires characterization of individual differences, especially for children that are minimally verbal and often excluded from research studies. Most studies that describe autistic subgroups identify a single minimally verbal verbal group based on a single identifying measure (e.g., ADOS module one or single item indicating absence of phrase speech). Determining personalized courses of intervention requires a more detailed understanding since a single intervention will not be effective for all who are minimally verbal. The present study identified comprehensive profiles of cognitive, language, and social communication skills within a large, diverse, group of minimally verbal children with autism. The analysis combined baseline data from two studies to yield a sample of 344 participants, who were 3 to 8?years old at the time of study onset, with 60% who identified as having a race/ethnicity other than White. Via latent profile analysis (LPA), a three-group model was identified as best fit to the data. Profile identification was dependent on a participant's combination of cognitive, expressive, and social communication characteristics, rather than a single domain. One group (n = 206) had global delays, while the other two groups (n = 95 and n = 43) had variable strengths in cognition and communication. Findings suggest that low-frequency/minimally verbal communicators with autism have heterogeneous characteristics that can be systematically organized. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3151 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529 [article] Profiles of minimally verbal autistic children: Illuminating the neglected end of the spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maria PIZZANO, Auteur ; Stephanie Shire, Auteur ; Wendy SHIH, Auteur ; Lynne LEVATO, Auteur ; Rebecca LANDA, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur ; Tristram SMITH, Auteur ; Connie KASARI, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-5 (May 2024) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Heterogeneity among individuals on the autism spectrum is widely acknowledged as a barrier to develop effective interventions. Overcoming this challenge requires characterization of individual differences, especially for children that are minimally verbal and often excluded from research studies. Most studies that describe autistic subgroups identify a single minimally verbal verbal group based on a single identifying measure (e.g., ADOS module one or single item indicating absence of phrase speech). Determining personalized courses of intervention requires a more detailed understanding since a single intervention will not be effective for all who are minimally verbal. The present study identified comprehensive profiles of cognitive, language, and social communication skills within a large, diverse, group of minimally verbal children with autism. The analysis combined baseline data from two studies to yield a sample of 344 participants, who were 3 to 8?years old at the time of study onset, with 60% who identified as having a race/ethnicity other than White. Via latent profile analysis (LPA), a three-group model was identified as best fit to the data. Profile identification was dependent on a participant's combination of cognitive, expressive, and social communication characteristics, rather than a single domain. One group (n = 206) had global delays, while the other two groups (n = 95 and n = 43) had variable strengths in cognition and communication. Findings suggest that low-frequency/minimally verbal communicators with autism have heterogeneous characteristics that can be systematically organized. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3151 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529

The impact of depressive and anxious symptoms on quality of life in adults on the autism spectrum / Tobias THIEL in Autism Research, 17-5 (May 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-5 (May 2024) Titre : The impact of depressive and anxious symptoms on quality of life in adults on the autism spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tobias THIEL, Auteur ; Saskia RIEDELBAUCH, Auteur ; Sebastian GAIGG, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Quality of life (QoL) is lower in adults on the autism spectrum (AS) compared with typically developing (TD) adults. In this context, recent studies have examined the role of depression and anxiety in reducing QoL in AS adults. The aim of this study was to (1) replicate these findings of lower QoL and (2) assess the negative influence of depressive and anxious symptoms on QoL in an adult AS (N = 86) and TD (N = 87) German sample with a broad age range (18-70?years). For this, we used questionnaires that have been validated for the AS and TD population: the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version, the Autism-Specific QoL items, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. We replicated previous findings and extended them to autism-specific QoL. Our AS sample had lower QoL compared with the TD adults. However, depressive symptoms were the largest contributor to lower QoL in both samples, more so than group membership and anxious symptoms. We conclude that interventions to improve QoL in AS adults should specifically target depressive symptoms and for this, improvements to the diagnostic process and treatment of depression in AS are necessary. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3144 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529 [article] The impact of depressive and anxious symptoms on quality of life in adults on the autism spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tobias THIEL, Auteur ; Saskia RIEDELBAUCH, Auteur ; Sebastian GAIGG, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-5 (May 2024) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Quality of life (QoL) is lower in adults on the autism spectrum (AS) compared with typically developing (TD) adults. In this context, recent studies have examined the role of depression and anxiety in reducing QoL in AS adults. The aim of this study was to (1) replicate these findings of lower QoL and (2) assess the negative influence of depressive and anxious symptoms on QoL in an adult AS (N = 86) and TD (N = 87) German sample with a broad age range (18-70?years). For this, we used questionnaires that have been validated for the AS and TD population: the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version, the Autism-Specific QoL items, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. We replicated previous findings and extended them to autism-specific QoL. Our AS sample had lower QoL compared with the TD adults. However, depressive symptoms were the largest contributor to lower QoL in both samples, more so than group membership and anxious symptoms. We conclude that interventions to improve QoL in AS adults should specifically target depressive symptoms and for this, improvements to the diagnostic process and treatment of depression in AS are necessary. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3144 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529