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Autism spectrum disorder at the crossroad between genes and environment: contributions, convergences, and interactions in ASD developmental pathophysiology / Cristina CHERONI in Molecular Autism, 11 (2020)
[article]
Titre : Autism spectrum disorder at the crossroad between genes and environment: contributions, convergences, and interactions in ASD developmental pathophysiology Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Cristina CHERONI, Auteur ; Nicolò CAPORALE, Auteur ; Giuseppe TESTA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 69 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Brain organoids Developmental neurotoxicology Endocrine disruptors Gene × environment Neurodevelopmental disorders Pluripotent stem cells Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The complex pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder encompasses interactions between genetic and environmental factors. On the one hand, hundreds of genes, converging at the functional level on selective biological domains such as epigenetic regulation and synaptic function, have been identified to be either causative or risk factors of autism. On the other hand, exposure to chemicals that are widespread in the environment, such as endocrine disruptors, has been associated with adverse effects on human health, including neurodevelopmental disorders. Interestingly, experimental results suggest an overlap in the regulatory pathways perturbed by genetic mutations and environmental factors, depicting convergences and complex interplays between genetic susceptibility and toxic insults. The pervasive nature of chemical exposure poses pivotal challenges for neurotoxicological studies, regulatory agencies, and policy makers. This highlights an emerging need of developing new integrative models, including biomonitoring, epidemiology, experimental, and computational tools, able to capture real-life scenarios encompassing the interaction between chronic exposure to mixture of substances and individuals' genetic backgrounds. In this review, we address the intertwined roles of genetic lesions and environmental insults. Specifically, we outline the transformative potential of stem cell models, coupled with omics analytical approaches at increasingly single cell resolution, as converging tools to experimentally dissect the pathogenic mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as to improve developmental neurotoxicology risk assessment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00370-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433
in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 69 p.[article] Autism spectrum disorder at the crossroad between genes and environment: contributions, convergences, and interactions in ASD developmental pathophysiology [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Cristina CHERONI, Auteur ; Nicolò CAPORALE, Auteur ; Giuseppe TESTA, Auteur . - 69 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 69 p.
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Brain organoids Developmental neurotoxicology Endocrine disruptors Gene × environment Neurodevelopmental disorders Pluripotent stem cells Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The complex pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder encompasses interactions between genetic and environmental factors. On the one hand, hundreds of genes, converging at the functional level on selective biological domains such as epigenetic regulation and synaptic function, have been identified to be either causative or risk factors of autism. On the other hand, exposure to chemicals that are widespread in the environment, such as endocrine disruptors, has been associated with adverse effects on human health, including neurodevelopmental disorders. Interestingly, experimental results suggest an overlap in the regulatory pathways perturbed by genetic mutations and environmental factors, depicting convergences and complex interplays between genetic susceptibility and toxic insults. The pervasive nature of chemical exposure poses pivotal challenges for neurotoxicological studies, regulatory agencies, and policy makers. This highlights an emerging need of developing new integrative models, including biomonitoring, epidemiology, experimental, and computational tools, able to capture real-life scenarios encompassing the interaction between chronic exposure to mixture of substances and individuals' genetic backgrounds. In this review, we address the intertwined roles of genetic lesions and environmental insults. Specifically, we outline the transformative potential of stem cell models, coupled with omics analytical approaches at increasingly single cell resolution, as converging tools to experimentally dissect the pathogenic mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as to improve developmental neurotoxicology risk assessment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00370-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 A profile and review of findings from the Early Markers for Autism study: unique contributions from a population-based case-control study in California / K. LYALL in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)
[article]
Titre : A profile and review of findings from the Early Markers for Autism study: unique contributions from a population-based case-control study in California Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. LYALL, Auteur ; Jennifer L. AMES, Auteur ; M. PEARL, Auteur ; M. TRAGLIA, Auteur ; L. A. WEISS, Auteur ; G. C. WINDHAM, Auteur ; M. KHARRAZI, Auteur ; C. K. YOSHIDA, Auteur ; R. YOLKEN, Auteur ; Heather E. VOLK, Auteur ; Paul ASHWOOD, Auteur ; J. VAN DE WATER, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 24 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Autistic Disorder/blood/epidemiology/immunology Biomarkers/blood California/epidemiology Case-Control Studies Child Cytokines/immunology Endocrine Disruptors Environmental Exposure Environmental Pollutants Female Humans Male Pregnancy/immunology Thyroid Hormones/blood Vitamin D/blood Young Adult Autism Early Markers for Autism Immune response Risk factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The Early Markers for Autism (EMA) study is a population-based case-control study designed to learn more about early biologic processes involved in ASD. METHODS: Participants were drawn from Southern California births from 2000 to 2003 with archived prenatal and neonatal screening specimens. Across two phases, children with ASD (n?=?629) and intellectual disability without ASD (ID, n?=?230) were ascertained from the California Department of Developmental Services (DDS), with diagnoses confirmed according to DSM-IV-TR criteria based on expert clinical review of abstracted records. General population controls (GP, n?=?599) were randomly sampled from birth certificate files and matched to ASD cases by sex, birth month and year after excluding individuals with DDS records. EMA has published over 20 papers examining immune markers, endogenous hormones, environmental chemicals, and genetic factors in association with ASD and ID. This review summarizes the results across these studies, as well as the EMA study design and future directions. RESULTS: EMA enabled several key contributions to the literature, including the examination of biomarker levels in biospecimens prospectively collected during critical windows of neurodevelopment. Key findings from EMA include demonstration of elevated cytokine and chemokine levels in maternal mid-pregnancy serum samples in association with ASD, as well as aberrations in other immune marker levels; suggestions of increased odds of ASD with prenatal exposure to certain endocrine disrupting chemicals, though not in mixture analyses; and demonstration of maternal and fetal genetic influence on prenatal chemical, and maternal and neonatal immune marker and vitamin D levels. We also observed an overall lack of association with ASD and measured maternal and neonatal vitamin D, mercury, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. LIMITATIONS: Covariate and outcome data were limited to information in Vital Statistics and DDS records. As a study based in Southern California, generalizability for certain environmental exposures may be reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Results across EMA studies support the importance of the prenatal and neonatal periods in ASD etiology, and provide evidence for the role of the maternal immune response during pregnancy. Future directions for EMA, and the field of ASD in general, include interrogation of mechanistic pathways and examination of combined effects of exposures. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00429-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459
in Molecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 24 p.[article] A profile and review of findings from the Early Markers for Autism study: unique contributions from a population-based case-control study in California [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. LYALL, Auteur ; Jennifer L. AMES, Auteur ; M. PEARL, Auteur ; M. TRAGLIA, Auteur ; L. A. WEISS, Auteur ; G. C. WINDHAM, Auteur ; M. KHARRAZI, Auteur ; C. K. YOSHIDA, Auteur ; R. YOLKEN, Auteur ; Heather E. VOLK, Auteur ; Paul ASHWOOD, Auteur ; J. VAN DE WATER, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur . - 24 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 24 p.
Mots-clés : Adult Autistic Disorder/blood/epidemiology/immunology Biomarkers/blood California/epidemiology Case-Control Studies Child Cytokines/immunology Endocrine Disruptors Environmental Exposure Environmental Pollutants Female Humans Male Pregnancy/immunology Thyroid Hormones/blood Vitamin D/blood Young Adult Autism Early Markers for Autism Immune response Risk factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The Early Markers for Autism (EMA) study is a population-based case-control study designed to learn more about early biologic processes involved in ASD. METHODS: Participants were drawn from Southern California births from 2000 to 2003 with archived prenatal and neonatal screening specimens. Across two phases, children with ASD (n?=?629) and intellectual disability without ASD (ID, n?=?230) were ascertained from the California Department of Developmental Services (DDS), with diagnoses confirmed according to DSM-IV-TR criteria based on expert clinical review of abstracted records. General population controls (GP, n?=?599) were randomly sampled from birth certificate files and matched to ASD cases by sex, birth month and year after excluding individuals with DDS records. EMA has published over 20 papers examining immune markers, endogenous hormones, environmental chemicals, and genetic factors in association with ASD and ID. This review summarizes the results across these studies, as well as the EMA study design and future directions. RESULTS: EMA enabled several key contributions to the literature, including the examination of biomarker levels in biospecimens prospectively collected during critical windows of neurodevelopment. Key findings from EMA include demonstration of elevated cytokine and chemokine levels in maternal mid-pregnancy serum samples in association with ASD, as well as aberrations in other immune marker levels; suggestions of increased odds of ASD with prenatal exposure to certain endocrine disrupting chemicals, though not in mixture analyses; and demonstration of maternal and fetal genetic influence on prenatal chemical, and maternal and neonatal immune marker and vitamin D levels. We also observed an overall lack of association with ASD and measured maternal and neonatal vitamin D, mercury, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. LIMITATIONS: Covariate and outcome data were limited to information in Vital Statistics and DDS records. As a study based in Southern California, generalizability for certain environmental exposures may be reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Results across EMA studies support the importance of the prenatal and neonatal periods in ASD etiology, and provide evidence for the role of the maternal immune response during pregnancy. Future directions for EMA, and the field of ASD in general, include interrogation of mechanistic pathways and examination of combined effects of exposures. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00429-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459