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Attend Less, Fear More: Elevated Distress to Social Threat in Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Suzanne L. MACARI in Autism Research, 14-5 (May 2021)
[article]
Titre : Attend Less, Fear More: Elevated Distress to Social Threat in Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Suzanne L. MACARI, Auteur ; Angelina VERNETTI, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1025-1036 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention emotion regulation emotional reactivity social threat Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Differential emotional reactivity to social and nonsocial stimuli has been hypothesized but rarely examined empirically in ASD despite its potential importance for development of social motivation, cognition, and comorbid psychopathology. This study examined emotional reactivity, regulation, and attention to social and nonsocial threat in toddlers with ASD (n =?42, M(age) : 22?months) and typically developing (TD) toddlers (n =?22, M(age) : 23?months), and their mutual associations with autism symptom severity. Participants were exposed to social (stranger), nonsocial (mechanical objects), and ambiguous (masks) threats, and their intensity of distress (iDistress), attention to threat (Attention), and presence of emotion regulation (ER) strategies were measured. Autism symptom severity was quantified using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2. In response to social threat, toddlers with ASD exhibited elevated iDistress (P 0.038) but lower Attention (P 0.002) and a wider variety of ER strategies (P 0.040) compared to TD controls, though their ER strategies were less likely to be social. However, nonsocial and ambiguous threat elicited lower iDistress in ASD than in TD toddlers (P =?0.012 and P =?0.034, respectively), but comparable Attention and ER strategy use. Autism severity was not associated with iDistress. The study demonstrates elevated emotional salience but diminished attentional salience of social threat in ASD. A failure to attend adequately to social threats may restrict opportunities to appraise their threat value and engender often observed in ASD negative emotional responses to novel social situations. Early atypical emotional reactivity may independently contribute to the shaping of complex autism phenotypes and may be linked with later emerging affective and behavioral symptoms. LAY SUMMARY: Compared to typically developing toddlers, toddlers with ASD show diminished attention yet enhanced distress in response to social threat. Poor attention to potential social threat may limit opportunities to assess its threat value and thus contribute to often observed negative emotional responses to novel social situations. Identifying the precursors of atypical emotional reactivity in infancy and its links with later psychopathology will inform about novel treatment targets and mechanisms of change in the early stages of ASD. Autism Res 2021, 14: 1025-1036. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, LLC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2448 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=444
in Autism Research > 14-5 (May 2021) . - p.1025-1036[article] Attend Less, Fear More: Elevated Distress to Social Threat in Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Suzanne L. MACARI, Auteur ; Angelina VERNETTI, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur . - p.1025-1036.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-5 (May 2021) . - p.1025-1036
Mots-clés : attention emotion regulation emotional reactivity social threat Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Differential emotional reactivity to social and nonsocial stimuli has been hypothesized but rarely examined empirically in ASD despite its potential importance for development of social motivation, cognition, and comorbid psychopathology. This study examined emotional reactivity, regulation, and attention to social and nonsocial threat in toddlers with ASD (n =?42, M(age) : 22?months) and typically developing (TD) toddlers (n =?22, M(age) : 23?months), and their mutual associations with autism symptom severity. Participants were exposed to social (stranger), nonsocial (mechanical objects), and ambiguous (masks) threats, and their intensity of distress (iDistress), attention to threat (Attention), and presence of emotion regulation (ER) strategies were measured. Autism symptom severity was quantified using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2. In response to social threat, toddlers with ASD exhibited elevated iDistress (P 0.038) but lower Attention (P 0.002) and a wider variety of ER strategies (P 0.040) compared to TD controls, though their ER strategies were less likely to be social. However, nonsocial and ambiguous threat elicited lower iDistress in ASD than in TD toddlers (P =?0.012 and P =?0.034, respectively), but comparable Attention and ER strategy use. Autism severity was not associated with iDistress. The study demonstrates elevated emotional salience but diminished attentional salience of social threat in ASD. A failure to attend adequately to social threats may restrict opportunities to appraise their threat value and engender often observed in ASD negative emotional responses to novel social situations. Early atypical emotional reactivity may independently contribute to the shaping of complex autism phenotypes and may be linked with later emerging affective and behavioral symptoms. LAY SUMMARY: Compared to typically developing toddlers, toddlers with ASD show diminished attention yet enhanced distress in response to social threat. Poor attention to potential social threat may limit opportunities to assess its threat value and thus contribute to often observed negative emotional responses to novel social situations. Identifying the precursors of atypical emotional reactivity in infancy and its links with later psychopathology will inform about novel treatment targets and mechanisms of change in the early stages of ASD. Autism Res 2021, 14: 1025-1036. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, LLC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2448 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=444 Psychophysiological and Behavioral Responses to a Novel Intruder Threat Task for Children on the Autism Spectrum / M. SOUTH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-12 (December 2017)
[article]
Titre : Psychophysiological and Behavioral Responses to a Novel Intruder Threat Task for Children on the Autism Spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. SOUTH, Auteur ; K. M. TAYLOR, Auteur ; T. NEWTON, Auteur ; M. CHRISTENSEN, Auteur ; N. K. JAMISON, Auteur ; P. CHAMBERLAIN, Auteur ; O. JOHNSTON, Auteur ; M. J. CROWLEY, Auteur ; J. D. HIGLEY, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : p.3704-3713 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety Autism spectrum disorders Skin conductance response Social threat Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We measured skin conductance response (SCR) to escalating levels of a direct social threat from a novel, ecologically-relevant experimental paradigm, the Intruder Threat Task. We simultaneously evaluated the contribution of social symptom severity and behavioral movement. Children with AS group showed less psychophysiological reactivity to social threat than controls across all three phases of the experiment. In the AS group, greater social impairment was significantly associated with reduced SCR. However, movement activity predicted SCR while diagnosis did not. Research and treatment need to account for the complex interplay of emotional reactivity and social behavior in AS. Psychophysiology studies of AS should consider the impact of possible confounds such as movement. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3195-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=325
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-12 (December 2017) . - p.3704-3713[article] Psychophysiological and Behavioral Responses to a Novel Intruder Threat Task for Children on the Autism Spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. SOUTH, Auteur ; K. M. TAYLOR, Auteur ; T. NEWTON, Auteur ; M. CHRISTENSEN, Auteur ; N. K. JAMISON, Auteur ; P. CHAMBERLAIN, Auteur ; O. JOHNSTON, Auteur ; M. J. CROWLEY, Auteur ; J. D. HIGLEY, Auteur . - 2017 . - p.3704-3713.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-12 (December 2017) . - p.3704-3713
Mots-clés : Anxiety Autism spectrum disorders Skin conductance response Social threat Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We measured skin conductance response (SCR) to escalating levels of a direct social threat from a novel, ecologically-relevant experimental paradigm, the Intruder Threat Task. We simultaneously evaluated the contribution of social symptom severity and behavioral movement. Children with AS group showed less psychophysiological reactivity to social threat than controls across all three phases of the experiment. In the AS group, greater social impairment was significantly associated with reduced SCR. However, movement activity predicted SCR while diagnosis did not. Research and treatment need to account for the complex interplay of emotional reactivity and social behavior in AS. Psychophysiology studies of AS should consider the impact of possible confounds such as movement. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3195-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=325