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Increased Glutamate Concentration in the Auditory Cortex of Persons With Autism and First-Degree Relatives: A 1H-MRS Study / Mark S. BROWN in Autism Research, 6-1 (February 2013)
[article]
Titre : Increased Glutamate Concentration in the Auditory Cortex of Persons With Autism and First-Degree Relatives: A 1H-MRS Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mark S. BROWN, Auteur ; Debra SINGEL, Auteur ; Susan HEPBURN, Auteur ; Donald C. ROJAS, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.1-10 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : glutamate n-acetyl-aspartate creatine spectroscopy auditory cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Increased glutamate levels have been reported in the hippocampal and frontal regions of persons with autism using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Although autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are highly heritable, MRS studies have not included relatives of persons with ASD. We therefore conducted a study to determine if glutamate levels are elevated in people with autism and parents of children with autism. Single-voxel, point-resolved spectroscopy data were acquired at 3T for left and right hemisphere auditory cortical voxels in 13 adults with autism, 15 parents of children with autism, and 15 adult control subjects. The primary measure was glutamate?+?glutamine (Glx). Additional measures included n-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), myoinositol (mI), and creatine (Cr). The autism group had significantly higher Glx, NAA, and Cr concentrations than the control subjects. Parents did not differ from control subjects on any measures. No significant differences in Cho or mI levels were seen among groups. No reliable correlations between autism symptom measures, and MRS variables were seen after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. The elevation in Glx in autism is consistent with prior MRS data in the hippocampus and frontal lobe and may suggest increased cortical excitability. Increased NAA and Cr may indicate brain metabolism disturbances in autism. In the current study, we found no reliable evidence of a familial effect for any spectroscopy measure. This may indicate that these metabolites have no heritable component in autism, the presence of a compensatory factor in parents, or sample-specific limitations such as the participation of singleton families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1260 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=192
in Autism Research > 6-1 (February 2013) . - p.1-10[article] Increased Glutamate Concentration in the Auditory Cortex of Persons With Autism and First-Degree Relatives: A 1H-MRS Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mark S. BROWN, Auteur ; Debra SINGEL, Auteur ; Susan HEPBURN, Auteur ; Donald C. ROJAS, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.1-10.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 6-1 (February 2013) . - p.1-10
Mots-clés : glutamate n-acetyl-aspartate creatine spectroscopy auditory cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Increased glutamate levels have been reported in the hippocampal and frontal regions of persons with autism using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Although autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are highly heritable, MRS studies have not included relatives of persons with ASD. We therefore conducted a study to determine if glutamate levels are elevated in people with autism and parents of children with autism. Single-voxel, point-resolved spectroscopy data were acquired at 3T for left and right hemisphere auditory cortical voxels in 13 adults with autism, 15 parents of children with autism, and 15 adult control subjects. The primary measure was glutamate?+?glutamine (Glx). Additional measures included n-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), myoinositol (mI), and creatine (Cr). The autism group had significantly higher Glx, NAA, and Cr concentrations than the control subjects. Parents did not differ from control subjects on any measures. No significant differences in Cho or mI levels were seen among groups. No reliable correlations between autism symptom measures, and MRS variables were seen after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. The elevation in Glx in autism is consistent with prior MRS data in the hippocampus and frontal lobe and may suggest increased cortical excitability. Increased NAA and Cr may indicate brain metabolism disturbances in autism. In the current study, we found no reliable evidence of a familial effect for any spectroscopy measure. This may indicate that these metabolites have no heritable component in autism, the presence of a compensatory factor in parents, or sample-specific limitations such as the participation of singleton families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1260 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=192 A Neuroimaging Preparation Protocol Tailored for Autism / Maria TZIRAKI in Autism Research, 14-1 (January 2021)
[article]
Titre : A Neuroimaging Preparation Protocol Tailored for Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maria TZIRAKI, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Emma HARRISON, Auteur ; Neville B. WRIGHT, Auteur ; Rob HAWKES, Auteur ; Kapasi AKHTAR, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Stavros STIVAROS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.65-74 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mri Nf1 autism fMRI scanning protocol spectroscopy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This paper describes the key basic elements required for a successful multi-parametric MRI data acquisition in awake children with autism. The procedure was designed by taking into account methodological challenges arising from the acquisition of Resting State fMRI (RS fMRI) data, and factors such as cost, time, and staff availability. The ultimate aim was to prepare an imaging preparation protocol with high transferability to the whole autism spectrum, adaptable for use in a multi-site research with multiple time points. As part of a randomized pharmaco-intervention study, 31 children aged 4-10?years with Neurofibromatosis 1 and autism underwent MR imaging at baseline and end of intervention. The protocol consisted of tailored habituation instructions including gradual exposure to scanner noise, a social stories booklet, positive incentive strategies, and Play Therapy support. Success rate for initial acquisition was 71% for GABA+ MR spectroscopy at either location, 87% for perfusion, and 67% for diffusion assessment, and 71% for RS fMRI. Qualitative data indicated that 84% parents found the habituation protocol helpful. LAY SUMMARY: Here we describe a protocol for brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) tailored for children with ASD to help reduce stress and avoid sedation during scanning. This procedure can make advanced medical imaging more accessible and promote a better MRI experience for families of children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2427 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441
in Autism Research > 14-1 (January 2021) . - p.65-74[article] A Neuroimaging Preparation Protocol Tailored for Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maria TZIRAKI, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Emma HARRISON, Auteur ; Neville B. WRIGHT, Auteur ; Rob HAWKES, Auteur ; Kapasi AKHTAR, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Stavros STIVAROS, Auteur . - p.65-74.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-1 (January 2021) . - p.65-74
Mots-clés : Mri Nf1 autism fMRI scanning protocol spectroscopy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This paper describes the key basic elements required for a successful multi-parametric MRI data acquisition in awake children with autism. The procedure was designed by taking into account methodological challenges arising from the acquisition of Resting State fMRI (RS fMRI) data, and factors such as cost, time, and staff availability. The ultimate aim was to prepare an imaging preparation protocol with high transferability to the whole autism spectrum, adaptable for use in a multi-site research with multiple time points. As part of a randomized pharmaco-intervention study, 31 children aged 4-10?years with Neurofibromatosis 1 and autism underwent MR imaging at baseline and end of intervention. The protocol consisted of tailored habituation instructions including gradual exposure to scanner noise, a social stories booklet, positive incentive strategies, and Play Therapy support. Success rate for initial acquisition was 71% for GABA+ MR spectroscopy at either location, 87% for perfusion, and 67% for diffusion assessment, and 71% for RS fMRI. Qualitative data indicated that 84% parents found the habituation protocol helpful. LAY SUMMARY: Here we describe a protocol for brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) tailored for children with ASD to help reduce stress and avoid sedation during scanning. This procedure can make advanced medical imaging more accessible and promote a better MRI experience for families of children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2427 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441